Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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I ?????? part a very disagreeable flavor to both milk and butter. Every farmer, however,! should have a cella^ under or contiguous | to his barn that would contain a sufficient quantity to feed during the winter, or a greater portion of it. As the roots are disposed of, a word in regard to the tops: they sliouid be gathered and laid (not too thick) in some cool place ; those from beets should be fed to milch cows?from ruta baga to young stock, or cows not in rsilk, as they give to the butter an unpleasant flavor. Every fanner who cultivates the man. ?el wurtzel or 9ugar beet should raise his own 9eed ; as it not unfrequently happens that three-fourths of the seed will not vegetate?a serious loss and disappointment after being at the expense and trouble of preparing the land. The cause of this failure is generally attributed to old seed. I was also under this impression until I attempted to raise my own seed, when I discovered the true cause. The feed plants throw out a number of long and tender stems or stalks, which soon become heavily loaded with seed, and unteas supported in some wav, the most valuable stalks are broken off by the first storm of rain or wind they encounter. The seed from these stalks are aH gather. I ed by the seedsman and sold with the good seed, as they scarcely differ in external appearance from those that have been perfected. Where the plants are set in rows, a few sticks with forked ends, set in the ground, on each side the row, with poles laid in the fork at a proper height, furnish a cheap and sufficient support. Single roots may be supported by1 two or more small cords tied around the | stems at different heights. Of good seed, j one pound of rutabaga- and two ponnds ; of be are amply t sufficient for one acre. J" My experience in the cultivation of the j carrot has been very limited. Finding j them to require so much more hand labor than the beet or turnip with greater expense in gathering, while they were far inferior in point of productiveness, I was under the impression that their superiori. ty as food for stock was much more than counterbalanced by the increased quantitv per acre of the other roots at less expense, and therefore abandoned their cul. ti vat ion. feeding, 6ic. I have made some experiments in stea. ming roots for my stock, but did not, con. aider the advantages derived from this aiiffioian^ t a no xr fnr tKa ovtra la. * pi Ui-CJ-l OUMIVlVUfc ?v j ?V| %nv vAkiu !?* Lor and expense. My apparatus being small (having been erected for preparing food for a small number of swine.) and not convenient to my-barn, I found it at- ( tended with much labor-?and as this cannot be done under the e\e of the farmer, I who, like myself superintends and aids in executing^ the other labors of-the farm much time is generally wasted by the | hand employed in preparing the food and i distributing .it among the stock. The ! plan of feeding which I have adopted is 1 as follows: Near the cellar which contains the roots is placed an ohlongbox, made of plank, say three feet hy six, into 1 which the roots are thrown; a common 1 garden spade ground sharp is used to cut them; baskets with a hoop handle that ' wilV each hold a feed for one animal are ; provided; with these, the prepared roots 1 are carried by a boy into the alley in I front of the stalks in which the animals < are confined, and deposited in a tight i manger, (the first stall in the range being only twenty feet from the cellar.) In this way two boys, one to cut and the other to carry the roots, will feed a large stock in a very short time, and under the eve of the master while he is employed in attending to the other stock about the stables and yard. A small quantity of .salt is given with the roots once a day. I have for some time entertained the opinion that the best plan of feeding roots is to grate them fine and mix them with cut hay or straw ; and this opinion been confirmed by an experiment made during the past winter: Pounding the beets to a jellv and mixing with them an ecptttt quantity of cut straw moistened with water, the whole mess was eaten greedily, and in two weeks the animal had evidently improved in appearanceluting tbe name quantity of roots she had before, ft is very certain, the more coarse provender cattle can be induced to eat with their richer or more nourishing food, the better will he their condition. ?Thus, in wintering store cattle, after they have had ttieir feed of stalks or hay in the morning, a rack is tilled with straw to which they have access through the ?ity, by which (experience has proved) they are much benefitted. I contemplate procuring for use next winter a grate mill, (similar to those used for apples) to attach to the horse power connected with my threshing machine, by which a sufficient quantity for a large stock may be prepared in a short t.me as they will grate ??? ^ f1 r.ikuokolo nor ! ai inc imc wi niAuuniH.u hour: expense exclusive of horse power f*om $15 to 20. Swine eat the sugar beet greedily?they eat them in preference to the turnip ; but when the beet is fed in any quantity they should be cooked, as they invariably produce scouring or looseness of the bowels when fed in a raw ftate; when cocked and fed with a small quantity of bran, hogs thrive and fatten rapidly upon them.?Horses also prefer the beet to the turnip, and when worked hard and grained, one feed of beets per day i* of great service, as thev are cooling and opening to the system, and keep the animal in a healthy and vigorous condition. Although for horses [ prefer the jfiner varieties of potatoes to any other foot, the comparative cheapness of the .beet uowever must induce us to give them ihe preference on the score of economy. "T^ere exists much difference of opinion "in ncgaid to ihe/elative value of thf diff. erent roots, and I have long been anxious to make seme experiments that would settle this matter satisfactorily; as most of the opinions thai I have seen or heard, either verbal or written, have been mere guess work. With this view of la9t fall procured in New York a lacmmoter (a glass instrument ten inches long and three-fourths of an inch in diameter, worked off into tenths and hundredths) for the purpose of testing the richness of milk.?With this instrument I have tried the milk of all iny cows, and to my great surprise find they give from nine up to twenty-five per cent, of cream?varying sixteen per cent. Only one gives twenty-five per cent., and she, one of the best milkers in the yard, in three successive trials made with her milk, gave the same result?uo other cow giving over sixteen per cent. On the first of January last I commenced measuring the milk of a cow from which the calf had been sold one week previous; she had been fed on turnip>|[ruta bagafrom before calving up till this, time, for fnnr weeks Drevious. one bushel per day.?Her milk was carefully measured for six successive days average, ten quarts one gill per clay*; lactometer filled three timesduring the wfpi-,, gave each time fifteen per cent, cream. Feed changed to sugar bee;?one bushel pnr day for one week; commencement of second week, measured?continued for six days (same feed)?average quantity per day, eight quarts and half pint; lactometer field three times, each time, giving eleven and a half per ct. of cream. This experiment thus far was decidedly in favor of the ruta baga, and the appearance of the animal at the close of the beet feeding was not as good as while fed pp the'turnip. . lagain changed the feed to turnip, intending to feed one week, and again measure, hut a severe and protf^fH illness in my family prevented any farther experiments at this time. On the 19th of March, I commenced measuring the milk of another cow from wnich the calf had been taken a few days previous. Her feed for some t'mc had been one bushels of beets per day, and continued for one week, during which the milk was measured?average per day eleven quarts and one hall pint; milk tried threee times, gave eleven and a half per cent, of cream. Feed changed to turnips; one bushel per day for one week, then commenced meaaur. ?g?continued six days?average per toy ten quarts one gill; milk tried as before, gave nine per cent, of cream. Chanfed to sugar beet?one bushel per day for one week ; second week commenced measuring?continued six days?average >er day nine quarts one half pint?milk giving ten per cent cream. In this exjeriment there is a gradual falling off in quantity in each of the changes of feed md an incerase of richness on resuming he beet feed. The apparent inferiority >f the turnips in this case. I attribute to heir having been severely frozen in the all, as a part of my turnips were frozen n the ground, but the ground thawing in i few days they were taken up and dun. >d. Although these experiments are very hr from being conclusive, lam rather in. dined to give the preference to the turnp. I intend, however, to continue them jntil I am entirely satisfied?intending ilso to try the different grains (ground)? feeding in the proportion of the average produce of each per acre. I shall also procure a thermometer to be used in future. I find these experiments cannot be conducted with perfect accuracy without one, as the quantity of cream depends very much upon the temperature. I filled the lactometer in the winter and hung it in a situation where I should suppose it must have heen near the freezing point, and in five hours a perfect separation had taken place?all the cream being upon the surface (none rising after)?the instrument being as before stated ten inches in length. It was filled again with milk from the cow, and hung in the dwelling room over a stove where the temperature wa? about summer heat, and in fifteen hours no separation had taken place?not a particle of cream appearing upon the surface. This will suggest to those hav. ing the management of dairies, the grea! advantage of wetting their pans for a feu hours in cold water. I arn w?:i! sntisfiec that in nine dairies out often, the milk ir summer does not yield half its rn-nm, The lactometer and a common tumbler three inches deep and three in d?arn t-i at top, were 6Med with milk from tb?. same cow, at one time, and placed in a situaiton where they had the same temp erature ; the cream all rose to the surface in one as in the other.?This explodes the old and firmly established opinion of the necessity of shallow pans. I have beer both gratifiedand instructed bv these ex periments, and hope others may be indue ed to try them, as it is from numerous ex periments only that we can arrive at ? correct conclusion. I have no doubt l?u that the quantity of butter made, fron the milk in our country, during the sum merseason, under proper management *** *? Ka movn iU on doubled. This is cer may i/i; iiiui v ?uum tainlya veryWpnrtnnt matter both to th? producer and tffiB consumer. Report of the Secretary of the Treasury.5 . [According to this report, the receipt into the Treasury, in 1840, including Treasury notes, were 826,850.820 44 and the expenditures, $27,863,475 41 leaving a balance of $987,345 03. The report states that there will he requirec for the services of the present voar $26,? 731,336 98; whilst the actual and esti mated means under existing laws, tc moBsmmmssmsmsmmsm : ,v' ; meet.these demands, amount to >onlyl k< $20,730,395 84; leaving a 'deficiency of 81 $6,000,941 14, to be provfded for. Af- . ter an extended statement from which this is. an abstract, the Secretary pr6c6etda aS , follows.] - -2 Thus and to this oxtqnt, within4hs last four years, were the expenditures JJ pushed beyond the amount of the revenue They were made to absorb the sarpjef in the Treasury and the outstanding debts due to the United States, so that the Treasury was, on the 4th of march,.X841* ^ exhausted of its means and subject to ? heavv and immediate liabilities. It was 0 ' 1 *" $ *1 4f| already burdened with a debt incurred ^ in time of peace, and without any' adfe* quate resources . except the authority ? granted by law to augment the debt. * * As yet no provission has been made to re- " ducedthis debt or to checkits constant and rapid increase. W$. find it, therefore, as , far as past legeslation and financial arrangements characterized it a permanent and increasing national debt. The tempore ry expedients by which ittasbeCO'* sustained do not at all vary Jts' essehtiaf charucter. '' r" *'*"? - - . * it The attention of Congress is respect-jfiillv invited to the necessity ofearly &nd r effect ml measures'to prevent its farther 1 , augmentation. The obviotiS remedy is '? '*> increase the revnue as far lis may be Without unreasonably burdening comme rev, and to reduce the expenditures* 1 within the limits of strict economy.' But as it may not comport with the views f oPCongress to go into a re visionand adjustment of the customs so long before the act of March 2, 1833, comes to have its final J and permanent operation, the undersigned would respectfully recommend as a tern- j porary measure, the levy of a duty of. 20 per cent. Advalorom on all articles 1 which are now free of duty, or which pay I a less duty than 20 per cent, except gold 1 and silver, and the articles specific ally, en- . umerated in ihe fith section of the act of ' March 2d, 1833. . "' * ^ -1 If this measure be adopted, it* is esti- 1 mated that there will be received iqto the ( Treasury from customs in the last quarter |1 of the present year, about #5,300.(100; in J all of the year 1842, about #22^500,OflQj and in the vear 1843, after the final <te- * I c ductinn under the act of March 2,1833,': about #20,800,000. The details of this ( estimate will be found in the accompany- ^ ing paper, marked E and enclosures. *' It is believe that, after the heavy ex- t penditures required for the public sefyice c in the present year shall have been provi- ( ded for, the revenues which will ^accrue from that, or a nearly proximate, rafe of duty will be sufficient todefraypie expen J sesof Government, and leaved a surplus j to be anually applied to the gradual pay- t mcnt of the national debt, leaving*".(fie j proceeds of the public lands to be dif^os^i f of us Congress, shall thipJtfit. .... f The general principals on which the fc- $ nal revision of the tvijf. i? to resT, afd t perhaps simple and easy to l>e apprhencfed, $ but the work of revission itself, in its ,id- i daption and detail, must be a work' of j time. It should be done on cairn reflec- < tion and careful deliberation, wfth'a view' t to reconcile, as fqr as possible, the confiic- J ting opinions and to promote all the.various f interests of the whole People of these tThi- t ted States. And it may bo important,In that adjusment, not only to reciprocate t on fair and equal principles, and ina Jib.. J eral spirit, the concession which niajr he s accorded to our own commerce by foreign | nations, but also to do justice to our own 2 citizens by meeting in a like equaf spirit 1 any heavy exactions or prohibitions which | foreign nations may think fit to impose < upon the iir portation of our staplo produc- i tions. ' 2 Some legal provissions are Also required < to correct inequalities between the duties 'I upon sugar and molasses and the draw. \ backs upon refined sugar and rum, rnahu* i facturcd or distilled from foreign materi- I als. The relation between the duty and 1 the drawback was adjusted by thp acts < of January 21st, 1829, and May 19,1830 I 1 since which time the duties have been de- 1 minished. while the drawback remain the ; same. And a provision of law declaring ! that non-enumerated articles which bear 1 a similitude to any enumerated articles chargeable with duty shall pay the pame rate of duly with the articles which it most resembles, would save a large sum ; annually to the revenue, and to prevent j rn.'ch annoyance and litigation between , - ??.l ?Ko With i j III?" IIIILIHU I <1IIU llii/uiiivyiouiii?^?v -- : flic collection of the customs. Of the. Public Debt. But it is not expected that any tnodifir otion of the revenue laws will he opera ?'ive fo supply the immediate wantsofthe t Treasury, and to pay the debt which fall . due in the present and in the ensneing ? year. A further loan is necessary to ; effect these ebjects, and the only question ? that can arise are as to the mode of proj curing the loan, the character of the secu. rities, and the assumed duration of the . debt. It would, in the opinion of the under? signed, be unwise to charge upon the t commerce or the resources of the country, i in any form, the burden of paying at once, or at all hastily, the national debt. ' Before that is done, measures of restora. tion and relief are restored, and com u mere* and industry relieved trom tneir present state of embarrassmentj and de1 pres-sioa, sod a benign and liberal policy on the part nf the General Government should call forth once more the hardy ins dustry and active enterprise of our people r and the vast resources of our country. If we assume the period of from five to eight years as that in wfcich this deht can lie paid without inconveaience and emv . barrassment-i-and the time appears to be ' short enough?^we have one of the. most essential elements on which todbrm our. judgments as to the best a*d most coni vcpient mode in which the loai} can be >' # * 4 ' fc. % spt up, and the credit of the Government jstained. In the inception and durih^fhe progresve increase of a national debt, the issue of Yeasury.notes, though dangerous and elusive, have yet their advantages.? hey need not be issued f; sto**'than the ctual wants of the treasury re uire, and le power to issue any giv- n sum is, for ffective purposes of immediote expendiires, a fund in the treasury available to rat nmount. But, when the debt has ac? aired its maximum and ceases to ac* umulate, or when it become s larger than je amount necessary to keep on hand to leet tho current wants of the Treasury aese advantages disappear. This mode f loan then becomes to the Government 'hat the sale in market of new promissory otes for the purpose of raising money tc ike up old premissory notes, is to an inividual. It is the issue of Treasury loterio fake up other Treasury note? ear after year in sucessaion ; and, undei hose circumstances, it is inconvenient nd expensive. ; f But the raising of money by the issue ^Treasury notes wobjefctionable, because t deceptive; by this means a heavy deb npy.b^ raised and fastened permanentl) iponj fae Country, the amount of hew is ues being involved with the payment o he old ; while the people, and even thosi vho administer the finances, may not b< mnMBoort .with thft imnortaht fact that I la tional debt is created or in the proces ifcreation. * "* Therefore, in the opinion of the under tigqed, when a national debt does exist ind must continue for a time, it is bette hat it should be made a funded debU ac wording to our ancient financial usage [t is then sheltered bv no cover, and i :he subject of no deldsion It is open >alpable, true; the eyes of the countr vill be upon it, and will be able at a glanc* o mark its reduction or its increase ; am t is believed that a loan for the requisit iftiourtt, having eight years to run, bu etleemable at the will of the Governmenl >ri six months' notice, could be negotiate* it a much less rate of interest than Trea mry notes/ Much expense would als ye saved in dispensing w ith the machinar >f the issue and payment and cancellinj >f Treasury notes. It is therefore respectfully recommend sd that a sum sufficient to pay the debt a iresent existing, and such as will neces arily accrue in this and the ensuing yeai >e raised on loan for the time, and on th inndition above suggested. Jn Keeping and disbursing the publi Moneys. The undersigned would also respectful y invite the attention of Congress to th iresent mode of keeping and disbursini he public motleys; and also to the sub ect of the creation or employment of i iscal agent to be changed with the pei oupance of these and other duties. Th lubject is one of great'i'mportasice, both t Jie Government and to the community Such agent or depository ought to unite n the highest practicable degree, th (afety of the public funds, and conven jnce and economy in their administrs ion ; and it should, if possible, he so se ected or framed as to exert a salutary ir luence over the business and currency c ;he country. The mode of keeping and disbursin he public money, provided by the act < ruly 4,1840, will be found, on compar ion with that heretofore chiefly used h he Government, eminently deficient i ill these essential requisites. ' The fit incial history of the United States, a ? - i??. *?i r,. ;?i jeCIBIIJ lur 1IIC IdSl iwcifc^cnin, 1UI mm ss abundant proof that the public rnnne is unsafe in the custody of individual ind that their official bonds are no auff sient security for its safe-keeping an faithful application. Within the perir ibovo named many receiving officers coi necfed with the Treasury Departmei have become defaulters to the Goven ment. The aggregate loss from th; cause within that period, as shown by tt books of the Department, amounts tof: 320.500, but a small part of which wi probably be recovered from their bond It is true that, in any system which ca he adopted, tome part of the public monc must, in the process of collection, pa through the hands of individuals, and I subject to tHeir defalcations; hut the a of July 4,1840, extends and continues tl risk beyond the period of collection, ar it subjects large masses, which in tl fluctuations of commerce, sometimes a cumulate, to the same dangerous custod; . Not only is the public money in t! hands of individual more exposed to Io from ordinary defalcations than when d posited in a well-regulated bank ; but tl Government is also liable to the risks < tire, robbery, and other casualities, occu ring either in deposite or transmissio from which it is entirely protected wh< a well-regulated hank is the depositoi and the fiscal agent. The present system is also, in mar respects, cumbrous and inconvenien Its tendency is to centre the disbursemen of the public money at some of the Ea tern cities, chiefly at New York. . Th being the great commercial emporium the.United States, is the point at whit funds are the most valuable, and ther fore, the most sought; hence those wl are entitled to payments out of the publ Treasury claim them there. It is tn there is.agenefal discretion in the head the Department to refuse or grant the f citnh navmpnfq nrrnrrtincr fn its CO V Ul III OUVyll J IMW.I.W wvvwt uiMg .... venience ; but when the currency is d ranged, and the premium on exchanges high, this discretion involves discrimin tion to a large amount' as tocreditors eqiii ly entitled. It then becomes a dangerc discretion, and one that ought jiot to e its. But, under the present system, cannot be avoided, save in a few case without discharging every public liahili at the most favored point.. This would once centre all the disbursements at a fe of the Eastern cities, and involve the Treasury in the risk and expense of transporting the public funds from the various points of collection to the places of disburse co^nt* An item of less importance, but still worthy of consideration, in settling on a permanent and economical arrangement, is the direct expense of the present system, inclu ling the cost of the buildings i for the deposite of the public money, and the salaries of the officers and their clerks who receive and disburse it. No portion i of this risk, inconvenience, or expense , j need to be incurred where a well-regulated bank is made the fiscal agent. But the present system is also, in the t opinion of the undersigned, injurious to | - the business and currency of the country. | t Instead of permitting the credit and the finances of the Government to lend their r indirect but efficient aid in sustaining the i credit and regulating the currency of the r country, it brings into direct hostility ; those important interests. In the progress of the system a sufficient amount of ? gold and silver to supply the wants of the ? Treasury must be withdrawn from circu\ lation and locked up in vaults, leaving nor representative to supply its place in the . general circulation. f A large amount, also, in the hands of ? those who pay to or receive from the Tre3 asury, is equally withdrawn from general i circulation, and made to flow through 3 those channels alone which lead into and out of the public coffers. The other av. enues of commerce and intercourse are t thus deprived of their proportion 01 me r precious metals. Within the fifty.two years during which our constitutional Government has g existed, we have had, for two periods of , twenty years each, a bank chartered by y Congress as a depository of the public e moneys and as a fiscal agent. We have j had, also, at two intervals, amounting to e about nfhe years, State banks employed t for like purposes ; and, during the remain. I der of the time, the funds of the Govern, j ment have been kept and the finances ad. i. ministered partly by banks and partly by 0 individual officers and agents. The losv ses sustained by State banks, as depositog ries, during the first period of their em? ploymcnt, extending from 1811 to 1816, |. agreeably to a statement prepared by the t Secretary of the Treasury iq 1833, and revised and republished in 1837, were $1,O'K),076. In the latter period, from e 1833 to 1837, though no actual loss is believed to have occured, yet the Treasury c and the country suffered inconvenience and embarrassment from the fiscal nr. 1 rangements with those numerous and disI* C* c connected instittutions. But, during the g forty years that the two banks of the Uni, ted States were the depositories of the a public money and the fiscal agents of the - Government, no loss whatever was sus. e tained, nor any delay or any expense in? curred in transmitting or disbursing the ' public money, so far as the agency of those institutions extended. Then, as ,e regards the wants of the Treasury merely, l" rhesafety of the public funds, and econo. my in their administration, experience has demonstrated the superior utility of a p hank constituted and adopted by Congre? as a fiscal agent. It has also proved tc <r us that the business of the country, it* )f currency, its credit, its industry, and it* i. commerce, are intimately connected with v and dependent upon the financial arrange, n. mentsofthe General Government. II they be wise and beneficent, they indirect s* Iv. hnf pfTirifintlv. nromote those great . T, ? J ? I w l* interests of the People; if constant and y uniform in their action, they give to thou* ?' interests confidence and stability, j Since the removal of the public depos. ^ ites from the Bank of the United States in 1833, the Government has had no permanent fiscal agent and no definite fin. ancial system. All has been experiment transfpr, and change. The business ol ie the country has yielded to the unstead) 2- impulse, and moved forward with wilt ill irregularity ; at one time stimula ed t< * excessive action, at another sunk int< in lethargy. And, in providing for the y wants of the Treasury, it is surely im 88 portant to look, also, to the want* and th< )e welfare of the community, from the pro ducts of whoso industry the Treasury i j supplied. ie And as regards those great interests c. we find the testimony of past years is n< jr. less distinct and strong in favor of a mon ie eyed institution chartered by the Genera s* Government, and possessed of its confi e* dence and credit. The period embracinj ,e the last ten years of the existence of th late Bank of the United States as th r* fiscal agent is fresh in the memory of u all, and is looked back to as a period o great public prosperity; and thong! " other causes did, doubtless, co-operate t nr/whir* that favorable condition of thing ,y ,t. yet one of the governing principles o it* which depended the steady advance c 8. the dountry in commerce, in industry at and in industry, and in substantial wealt of was the existence of a fiscal agent estab -h lished by the General Government, an e charged with the equalization of exchan ges, and the regulation of the currency. ,c In the present condition of ourcountr the relief to be anticipated from such a .? institution cannot he immediate, bi 'A* must be the work of time. The businei n of the country would, however, in th |s opinion of the undersigned, steadily an a> certainly revive under its influence, ij. In whatever point of light the unde us signed is able to view this subject, he X' irresistibly led to the conclusion that sue it a fiscal agent, so framed as to posse >?*, those important functions, is alike essei ty tial to the wants of the Treasury and nt the community. Such ' an ' institutic tw should be framed with deliberation, for mm?*??? . . must have high duties to perform, and ex* * tensive interests to protect and promote | and it should be granted with care, for it ' will be liable to great and dangerous abuses* As the fiscal agent of the Gov* ernment, and an effective regulator of the currency in a wide-spread community, it should be steady and uniform in its a4? tion, and fixed and stable in its character. _ . The undersigned has no doubt of the power of Congress to create such an institution. Experience has proved its necessity to carry cut other expressly i granted powers; it has been exercised ! and recognized by the Legislative nod | Executive departments of the Govern* ment during four-fifths of the whole ptfi* od of our national existence, and it has received the uniform sanction of our high* est judicial tribunal. Yet that power has been questioned by many wise and patriotic statesmen whose opinions are entitled to consideration and respect; and in a measure like this ofhi *b political import, which, if wisely conceie* - . ,* ed and cordially concurred in, must htvw'' a _-j i?An Iki a great ana euuunug iuuwhv* prosperity of the country, it is important as far as possible, to obviate objections * and reconcile opinions. ' " ' If such an institution can be so eon. ceived in principle and guarded in its details as to remove all scruples touching the question of constitutional power, and . . , thus avoid the objections which bava , been urged against those heretofore created by Congress, it will, in the opinion of the undersigned, produce the happiest results, and confer lasting and important benefits on the Country. ' ; ^ The undersigned, therefore, respectful- ^ ly recommends the creation of such fiscal agent, and repeal the act of July 4th, 1840, providing for the collection, safe* keeping, transfer, and disbursement of , the public revenue," except the penal ! provisions thereof, which will probably require revision and modification. All which is respectfully submittedT. EWING, Secretary of the Treasury. Treasury Department, June 2,1941# COLUSSIOIf AT SKA. The packet ship Susquehanna, Capf* . J. VV. Micrcxex which arrived*! Philadelphia on Sunday last, had a terrible encounter with another vessel cm the 8th inst. off the banks of Newfoundland.?* The night was not darfc, hat the sea waa* running high, and they did net discover - ^ each other nntill the fearful! coffisiew.?? ' The Susquehanna's botrspirit is UWrt ' 1 off clean and cut. water torn and flc&fcsd J' ' from the ship in a way which shows fto encounter must have been tremanJjutW, . ; | She was running at the rate of nine knot^; ly and shipping seas constantly at that jtia*e>?, i the impression on beard the SutqugbanM is, that the blow was so hard and so pear . the centre of the other ship, that they U.n Kaon if wnl , 1(1 113 I IJ <1 I r WVKM ? stove in, causing her to sink immediate* Jy. After the collision she slewed round and grated past the Susquehanna with ' such rapidity that no oppertunity was giw : ' en to discover who she was or the extent 1 of her injuries. The impression en board 1 is, that she was an bast Indranman, or . some ship of the largest class, and as the cut-water of the Susquehanna is taken ^ off low down she was on the top of a sea at ** the moment of the collision. Consequent* I lv the other ship must have suffered the . moreseverlv. No cries were heard,and, in the confusion of the crash and nnxie. ty for self-preservation, no distinct know* ledge of the character of the other sbif?r could be learned. The opinoun on board is, that the man at the wheel of the ill-fa* ' I ted ship must have been killed instantly. I The whole ofthi painful encounter is on* ' ly an other evidence of the unavoidable 1 hazards of navigation. Perhaps the ship .. J instantly founderod, and in one "fell ' swoop'' all on board were ushered into > eternity together. i The Philadephia North american state* . that the Captain of the Susquehanna did -.ri? not wear about his ship and look after the . one he had disabled,,because the consterna* s tion was so great for some time oa board his ship that noting was thought of but self-preservation, i, o An applicant for office was recently , i- urging his pretentions upon the President J and enforcing them by disparaging a : competitor, who, he said, had no political g weight, and would bring no political in- ** e fluonce to the administration. ?' e "Sir," said Mr. Tyler, "I do not in* s tend that he shall exercise any political f influence." Ii 0 From the Savannah Republican of May 29. FROM FLORIDA. We learn from an officer of the army n who came passenger in the U. S. Steam* er Gen. Taylor, Capt. Peck, arrived yes* j* terday from Florida, that since our last " advices from that quarter, Haleck Tuste* nuggee, whose camp is at Fort Fowle on d the Ockiawaha, had sent in four of bis I- warriors to Col. Riley, commanding at Fort King, asking for rations, which y we:e refused. Four other warriors were n sent in by the same chief two days after* ' , it wards requesting rations, which were in ,3 like manner refused; whereupon the tees* ie sengers stated that the chief would mtrch j for Tampa, and halt at a certain Cieel( . between that post and Fort King, froee whence he would send for provisos anjd f* an escort to take him to Tampa ft* the 19 purpose of emigrating, Coacoochee (Wild Cat) had egginbeen in at Fort Pierce. He. pUte<i that 9em n- Jones and Hospitaka were fortbfrfch ta of hold a council with himself, wh.e* erefljk /' - .?_: * Am ffittimu ?n I be determined men cuuiw? ?v? vry . j.-,- t it Coacoochee of course expressed "himself