Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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JrWitfft HJfB $IlMf MBVMI&WWMB* 1 ; '? ;" * aaaxn^rr1-^? -j-??? ?r^-Tz=____ ' - '? VOLUME VI CHE RAW, SOUTH-CAROLINA. WEDNESDAY, JUNE 2, 1841. . NUMBER 29 By M. MAC LEA\. n ? t Terms:?Published weekly at three dollars a f year; with an addition, when not paid within three months, of twenty per cent per annum. Two new subscribers may take the paper at 11 fire dollars in advance; ana ten at twenty. ? Four subscribers, not receiving their papers fa town, may pay a year's subscription with ten doftars, in advance. A year's subscription always due in advance. r Papers net discontinued to solvent subscribers r; (n arrears. a UMserHsemmts not exceeding 16 lines inserted r H - - . i ' or one dollar the first time, and fifty cents eacn r ubseqaewt time. For insertions at intervals of . tw? weeks 75 cents after the first, and a dollar 1 If the intervals are longer. Payment due in advance for advertisements. When the number |] f insertions is not marked on the copy, the , s advertisement will be inserted, and charged til rdered out. O" The postage must be paid on letters to the S editor on the business of the office. q |j tJ On gathering Asparagus.?In all e the books of gardening which I have seen v tha direction for gathering asparagus lias .r always been cut it sevorul inches below the surface oFthe ground, as soon as the * stalk has advanced a few inches above it. ; * The asparagus generally brought to mark- j c et is cut in this way, the upper half being j green and tender when cooked, the lower r half white, tough and uneatable. The c experience of many years has taught ine P that it is far better to let the asparagus F grow to the height of ten inches, or a foot, 1 and then to gather it by breaking with a the fingers, as low down as it is ten- 0 t y der and breaks easily, which, when the weather has been warm, is generally from six to ten inches. Asparagus, thus gathered, will be found to be much finer, the j whole being tender and eatable, the pro- i ( duce much greater, and the process at- | tended with no disadvantage whatever. ! t f Apa agus even two feet high, will be found ^ fit to gather in this manner, if at any ( time it has outgrown the consumption, or 1 escaped attention, which indeed was the j ^ occasion on which this new method of J gathering occured to me. I have since always practised it Let those who [ are fond of asparagus give it but one trial, ^ and they will never again resort to the j ^ old system. * O. Magazine of Horticulture. I Horticultural Asparagus.?The A- s nerican aphis or bug. of late years has ? proved very destructive to wall fruit, and a particular to our finest winter apple, the Ribston pippin. Mr. Jf Hardy, gardener of Jno. Grant, Esq., of Kilgraston, hav-1 P ing observed during the progressof this in. i s sect over the garden under his charge, | P the jargonelle pear uniformly escaped the i11 infection, it occured to him that bv en- f grafting the Ribston upon the jargonelle , ! stock, the influence by which the latter 11 seemed to resist the attack of the aphis c might be imparted to the apple. This he i n accordingly tried three or four years, ago n and the result has not only answered " Mr. M'Hardy's expectations in regard to . the health of:he wood, but in the improve- i ^ ment of the 'ruit, both as to the size and J 0 flavor. Specimens of the wood and fruit c from the infected tree, and from the en- ( ^ grafted one, tre at present to be seen at f1 jWessrs. Dickson and Turnbull's here, 11 and the remarkable contrast which they i * present affhrds the most convincing evi dence of the beneficial effect of the svs- I P tern which tie experience or three sue- ! essive seasors has confirmed.?Perth u Courier. ti 0!f THE TART OR TIK RHUBARB. 3 Jussien in lus classification, has placed S this plant In the VI class, DycotyDdons, ! 1( 52d Order Pdy^onece, or the Dock Tribe, ; 1 Herbaceous. In the classification of Lin- ! w naeus this Oder of Plants is placed in ; p 1 rn T a t ?1 the 9th Cla$; Enneanaria i rigyna. 11 ? only include* four families. The Laurel, h the Cashew the Rhubarb and Flowering ft Rush. Of the third Order, there are o nine species or more; the only ones j which are cultivated in the kitchen gar- b den are the Rheum Rhaponticum, intro- p duced from \sia to Great Britain in 1.T78 i ?The ^Siberia until 1759 and the Rheum tl Hyb?dum,from Asia in 1779. is These th-ee species are raised in this i s country fo* the sake of their succulent j a acid peticlts, as a substitute for sour ap- e iples, goosoerries, <Xzc. or an addition to f rthem : the two latter species seem not to I s Ihave been ong imported into the United j 'States, or t they have, not been ex ten- i p tensively kiown at the South. | o The Rhipontic and the Undulate have s leaves fron eighteen to twenty-four inch r es long, anl from twelve to eighteen wide, a according o the soil and season : they d are cordabovate, rather obtuse, blunt, ' si smooth, wlh reddish veins: their fiower- ' ing stalks rill grow to the height of throe ? or four feet?There are many distinctive h marks in tie leaves of these Mvn species, j not neces^ry to be here mentioned, j o Probably Vilmot's early scarlet Rhubarb p o o t/nrt At* of the Rhaoontic, and there c la u ? ui ? , may exist nany other varieties. I o The Hjbrid species has verv large a leaves; wfon under good cultivation, they ; a wiil often neasure four or even five feet tJ in length, md of a proportionate width ; a they are somewhat cordate, smooth and of a light geen or glaucous color. j 3 These three species are cultivated for b the stems othe lower leaves, which come si to maturity earlier in the spring than the a ; gooseberry md other fruits for which it, c is a substittte; the Hybrid affords the d ' ' - f nost abundant and succulent supply for i hese purposes. Rheum derives its name rom theancient name of the River, which watered its native region ; the Rka, now tamed the Volga, emptying itself into the Northern shore of the Caspian Sea. All the species of this plant may be iropagated from the seeds or from the oots ; if from the seed, which is the best node, in February or March, sow the seeds ibout six inches apart in a light deep and ich soil; well pulverized, for depth and ichnessofsoi! are indispensable requistes for good healthy plants. In the autumn of the same year, if you lave taken good care to water and t> helter them from the scorching suns of h#? snmmor. tho nlants will hn fit to tran plant into their beds ; young plants r J[uire careful watering, even when it vouid be injurious to older roots ; and we lave seen them protected from the sun >y driving down on the south side of ach plant, a board about twelve inches vide, and slanting so as to break the sun's ays in the middle of the day and yet et the air and light have free action upon he plant. In this way you can in all )ctobor have them put out so as to proluce leaves for the next spring : When the roots are divided for transilanting, you must retain a bud on the rown of each section. Before trans lanting either these sections or the young >lants from seed, select a light soil, rather nclined to sandy, have it highly manured nd spaded up to the depth of three spits ?f twenty-one inches, and thoroughly pulerized?then set out the Rhapontic or he Undulate in rows at the distance of hree feet by two?but the Hybrid at five eet by four. They will now tfnly require to be kept ree from weeds and to have the ground iccasionally stirred up with a three tined ork or a rake, adding every spring a good Iressing of well rotted manure, stirred nto the earth as deeply as possible, and our bed will continue good for many ears. The advantages of having (he petioles r leaf stalks blanched for all culinary urposes, are two-fold. i. e. the desirable ualities of improved appearance and of iavor, as well as a saving in the quantity f sugar, necessary to render them agreeble to the palate; for the blanched leaf talks are much less harsh than those rown under the full influence of light in n open situation. This plant may be* forced by placing ower barrels or tight boxes over a few lants and covering them over with fresh (able manure or by some of the other lethods iu Gardening, directed for forcig vegetables. By covering over all j le roots to the depth of a few inches with :aves or light litter er any other protecon from cold, the Rhubarb leaves will orne forward much earlier in the spring luch larger. The protection should be j funove.fl as soon as the weather becomes i arm, carefully avoiding to injure the 01 mg shoots that may have started. Whenever you would gather the petiles remove the earth a little from the rown of the root, and somewhat bending own the leaf, which you would remove, hen slip it off with your hand, without usa knife o? breaking the stalk. The o ~ af stalks may be gathered as soon as hev are half grown or are sufficiently exanded ; but a much larger produce can e obtained by letting them remain until ntil full expansion has taken place, when le full grown stalks are gathered and ed up in bundles of about a dozen each, nd thus exposed for sale in the market, ome of the leaf stalks are two or three mgand over. O As letting the stalks run up to flower muld weaken the powers of tha roots for rcparing the necessary nourishment for inter quarters,?top all but a few of the j calthiest ones, which may be left toper?ct their seeds, whigh w ill ripen in August r the last of July. The Petioles or leaf stalks of the Rhuarb plant are used in cooking pics, tarts, reserves sauce, puddings, Arc. 1. Rhubarb Preserve ; strip the stalks of heir outer skin and divest them of the mail fibres which would render them tringv.?more especially if the leaves re a little old,?then cut them transverslv into short pieces about the size of Jooseberries and parboil them with as ugar and such spices suit the taste. 2. Rubarb Pudding; with a rolling in, as if for an apple dumbling, flatten ut a suety crust and spread thereon the talks cut into small pieces of agoosebery size, then roll them up in any shape t fancy and boil in cloths, same as apple umplings ; it is served up hot, cut in thin lic< ? with suirar and butter sauce between ach layer; in this way t!ie fruit retains II its virtues and by most persons is higliy relished. 3. Rhubarb Pie ; cut the stalks to pieces f the size of the Goosberv, put these ieces into a dish with its bottom coverd with a crust er not at pleasure : squeeze ver them a little lemon juice, adding ornge peal, sugar, rose-water, cinnamon nd other a spices to your taste, covering he whole with a good pud* paste, and nd then bake it. 4. Rhubarb Tarts re. mbling Codling Varts ; cut the leaf stalks into pieces aout four inches long, skin and slowly immer thein in a sauce pan with sugar nd a trifle of water, for one hour ; when old, make them taste like cordlins by ading cinnamon, lemon, peal, dec. 5. Rhubarb Sauce; boil the stalks over c a slow tire, till tender, in a small quantity v of water with sugar and such spices as r suit the taste, and strain oflf the liquor, t squeezing the stalks dry, and, when the t liquid svrup or sauce is cold, bottle and t cork it tight; this w !1 keep for years. * After giving the above recipes, we are c sure that our esteemed fair correspond- t ent will excuse us from publishing the i receipes for making Rubarb?cream? c jelly? -jam?-trifle?fool?marmalade, I &c. <kc. as thev can easily be made from the cookery books, by substituting " Rhu- I barb" for " Gooseberries," *' Strawberri- c es," <fcc. used in tha common way of c making those sweetmeats. t ? \ LIEBIG's CHJCMlSTItt VOU AGBICULTUItE. t ? Mr. Owen of Cambridge, Mass. has \ p iblished a large duodecimo volume en- s ti'led "Liebig's Organic Chemistry of Ag- ? ri?ultur? and Physiology, with an Intro- j duetion, Notes, and Appendix, by J. W. t Webster, M. D., Professor of Chemistry 1 in Harvard University." - 1 We hnvo nr?t vpt nhtninofl b rnnv nf r this work, but it is spoken of in the high-1 est terms at the eapt. The Philadlphia ; U. S. Gazette says: I " On looking over this volume we were struck with what we thought i's ad nirable adaptation to practical agriculture; and we were about to invite to the work the attention of those who feel and have an interest in the promotion of that truly independent trade, the business of cultivating the earth. This we should have D ? done with that kind of a caveat which would be becoming one who professes littie knowledge of the science of chemistry generally, and can boast, perhaps, of little more of the business of tilling the earth. But we find that profound chemists have pronounced most favorable upon Liebig's work, and professed agriculturists have tested its excellence. And though we cannot find space for all that we see written of the excellence of the work, yet we cannot deny some space to a republication of opinions that may commend the volume to those whose pursuits will make it most valuable to them: " It is the best book," writes Mr. Nutall, "ever published on Vegetable Chemistry as applied to Agriculture, and calculated undoubteely to produce a new era in the science." Extract from a letter from Dr. Colman, < Commissioner for the Agricultu ral Survey 1 of Massachusetts, dated February J 5th, j 1841: "It is the most valuable contribution 1 to Agricultural science, which has come 1 within mv Unn\vlf>d<rf? It tnkes new < ' n~' ? J views on many subjects, which have been ! < long discussed without any progress to- 1 wards determinate conclusions; and 1 reVcals principles which are of the highest 1 importance. Some of these principles re- ( quire further elucidation and proof; but, J in general, they are so well established by I facts within my own observation, that, ' in my opinion, the truth, if not already 1 reached, is not far distant.I From Silliman's Journal, January, 1841: * " It is not too much to say, that the I publication of Professor Liebig's Organic 1 Chemistry of Agriculture, constitutes an '< era of great importance in the history of 1 Agricultural science. Its acceptance as I a standard is unavoidable, for, following [ closely in the straight path of inductive 1 philosophy, the conclusions which are s drawn from its data are incontrovertible." k "To some, the style of this work may 1 1? l i...* ...:n r see ill suiiiewiiui uuaeure^ um n win uu i found, on a rcperusal, that great conderi- I sat ion, brevity and tersncss, have been * I mistaken for obscurity. "We can truly 1 sav, that we have never risen from the 1 * 7 # I perusal of a book with a more thorough * conviction of the profound knowledge, extensive reading, and practical research of its author, and of the invincible power and importance of its reasonings and con- ' elusions, than we have gained from the 1 present volume." t From the London Fanner's Magazine, t OX PItUPAKING NIGHT SOIL. I Sir?I observed a few days .ago in one \ of your late periodicals, an inquiry, by a j I correspondent, lor the best method of pre- } < paring night soil for manure. He Said > 'he had mixed it with lime, and a very I , strong smell of ammonia was evolved, jc whereby he feared the efficacy of the ma- [ t nure might be impaired. These conclu- 11 sions are perfectly correct; its efficacy as ; organic manure would be destroyed by the i j use of lime. c When an organic body containing ni- i { trogen undergoes putrefaction, and mois- j s ture present, the nitrogen unites with the . f hydrogen of the water and forms ammo. | j; nia; the oxygen, the other element of wa- a ter, unites with the carbon of theputrify-* t ing body, and forms carbonic acid; both |1 of these transformations, in (heir nascent i state, combine and form carbonate of s ammonia, a volatile salt, which is always t evaporating with water, as long as thede- j p composition continues. Such ir. variably f takes place in nitrogenous bodies. e When lime is added to a body holding . v carbonate of ammonia in solution, as in j v night soil, the ammoniacal salt is decom- j a posed; the lirnc robs it of its carbonic acid, i and caustic ammonia, a still more volatile v compound, llies off in gas: thus we have 1 q got rid of all the nitrogen the organic com- 5 pound contained. h Organic manure, without nitrogen, is jj of very little value. It pervades every part if the vegetable structure, and no plant a rill attain maturity, even rn the richest Ui nould, without its presence. The rela- qi ive value of manure may be known by m he relative quantity of nitrogen it con. in ains. There does not appear to be any m nanure so rich in nitrogen aa human ex. vi :rera 3nt (except bone manure, which con. ni ains upwards of 30 per cent, of gelatine st n its interstices;) so much wo, that ac. w :ording to the analyses of Macaire and ai Harcet lOO ^parts of human urine are fi iqual t6 1300 parts of fresh dung of the V lorse, 600 parts of the cow, and 450 parts w >f the urine -of the horse. Hence it is hi evident that it would be of much impor. ance if none of the human excrements ^ vera lost, especially w hen we consider ei aatwtf^h sfery pound of urine a pound of e vheat might be produced. * Now I would n luggest to your correspondent the best e; md most economical method I know of ti reserving unimpaired the. most valuable h dement in night soil, which is as foi. vv ows : To every 100 lbs. of night soil add t Ids. of sulphata of lime (gypsum) in 0j >owder, a double decomposition will en* u me, and the result will be, instead of sul- ei ?hate of lime and carbonate of ammonia, < , ;arbonate of lime and sulphate cfammo- \ lia; the latter a soluble salt which canlot be volatilized. It might now be mixed vith other compost, or dried any way h ought proper, and applied to the roots >f the vegetable, to be again transformed . nto b read, butter, cheese. &c. " Chloride of calcium, sulphuric, or mu iatic acid, substances of low price, would 6 :omp,etely neutralize the urine, convert- 01 ng its ammonia into salts which posses w weive tnousand?and allowing a million a )air of blackbirds to New England, (which c s but a moderate estimate) they will de- d itroy twelve thousand millions of the c jrub. He also notices the statement of n [{.aim that after some states had paid three si >ence a dozen for the destruction of black- tl )irds, the consequence was a total loss in n he year 1749, of all the grass and grain, c >y means of insects which had flourished n juder the protection of the law allowing w jountiijs on birds." d Capital. j There is no mistake more common nor tr nore injurious, than that ofsupposing that w he more land a man holds, the grea- si er must be his profits, for the profit w Iocs not arise from the land itself, but from a he manner of using; for the bestsoilmay p m KviKnrllmnrnrromnnt a vi ? v. /| I M >l(b vhile the worst may he rendered profitn- a )le by the opposite course; without suffi V :ient capital no land can be properly culti- t< rated; at the same lime there is nothing to h ivbich capital can be applied with greater li :ertainty of a fair return/or liberal expen- d liture, when correctly employed, than o and. In fact, assuming always that the tl ixpenditure he directed with judgement, a t will be found that the profit upon the o! ml lay increases in more than a propor- (j ionate degree to Us amount; thus, suppoing twenty-five dollars be the lowest, and di iftv the highest sum that can be cm- w iloyed in the common culture of the same ri ere of land, it is more than profitable c< hat if twenty-five return at the rate of yi en per cent., the fifty dollars will yield hi wenty. or any intermediate sum, at the cs ame progressive ratio. And admitting T his to he true?and it ispresumed no ex- fu erienced agriculturist will doubt it?it c< Hows, that a capital of 5,000 dollars, to xpended in the cultivation of 200 acres, 91 nil only yield a profit of 500 dollars, th fhile, if applied to no more than 100 se cres, it would produce 1,000 dollars ; w herefore, it is evident that his profit th rould be increased by diminishing the ec uantity of his land- Many a man has g, een ruined by a large farm, who might 0t ave acquired a competency with one of as alftbesize. Most farmers are anxious for ai rge occupations, and many are thus be- j rajted into the error of taking a greater lantity of ground than they hare the eans for managing to advantage; some i the delusive hope of acquiring thise eans by future savings; others, from the mity of holding more land than their eighbors: hence arises deficiences of ! ock, imperfect tillage, and scanty crops,' ith all the consequent train of rent in rrear, wages ill-paid, and debts unsatised?distress, duns, and final ruin!? /hile he, who prudently commences ith only suclj a number of acres as he as the power of cultivating with proper [feet, is certain of obtaining the full re- ] irn from the soil, and not being burdend with more land than he can profitably hjoy, his engagements are within his. leans'; and thus,' while enjoying present ase of mind, he lays the surest foundaon for future posperity. It therefore beooves a man to weigh well the charges ith his means, and never allow himdf to be seduced by any ideal prospect f gain, into the imprudence of entering pon a larger farm than his property will (I I i A _ M .1 io volatility. ta I would also suggest that if the floors as >f stables be strewed from time to time fc with a little sulphate of lime, they will ir rsj all their offensive smell, and none of t\ he ammonia which forms can be lost, p )ut retained in a condition serviceable as (( nanure. In close stables the horses' g iealth would be better preserved, and :hey would not be so liable to get blind as . low. 1 3-4 lbs? of sulphate of lime will , ix as much ammonia as is produced by LOO lbs. of heiee's urine. # 0 I am sir, vour obedient servant, n "GREGORY BRABYN. a - t< SMALL BIRDS. C In a Report made to the Legislature of g Massachusetts, at the Session before the h ast by the Rev. Mr. Peabody, which has u ust fallen into our hands, he remarks, that tl 'to exterminate birds which do a little larm occasionally, is to protect ourselves a :rom a small evil at the expense of a great, ti jr, and in fact securing the fruit at the expense of the tree. Mean9 may be de- c pised to prevent the ravages of birds, but a ione liave yet been discovered to prevent p :he ravages of insects. The birds guard tj lur fields, and gardens from the insect; S) md if they, now and then, taste of the s, fruit which they have preserved, we can n letter afford a share to them, than the whole to their creeping enemy. To jive some idea of the service which birds ire able to render. Mr. Peabody notices ihe computation of Wilson, according to e: >vhich; a red winged blackbird devours on t< in average fifty grubs a day?a pair of o hem, in four months, will consume A name mm 10 manage wun me spine neessary to insure success. Briatish Husindry. From the American Farmer. The Rohan Potatoe. Of the productive nature ofthis new vaety ofthis excellent'root, there is no difirence of opinion; for every one who has ivenit a fair tn':al admit its great superi. rity in this respect* But'there are those ho decry its claims'" as a vegetable for Lble use. By some it h as been denounced j a coarse watery thing", A* onty f?r *be >od of stock. To such opinion I dissent 1 toto; and I do so from an e xperience of vo years. During the last w.",ilter an^ resent spring I have had no othtNf Pota" > upon my table, afld I affirm tha/ f?r avor and mealiness, it stands only s^c" nd in my estimation to all other varices that I have ever eaten of. It was ut yesterday I partook of it, and instead f being coarse and watery, It was dry, lealy, and of excellent flavor. Indeed as potato for spring use I think it equal o any other; not even making an exeption in favor the justly celebrated Merer. Without any covering, my Rohans ave kept well in my cellar from last fall ntil now, and they are just as sound as bey were when they were taken up. In strong sandy loam, well manured nd tended, I am justified from actual ial in saying, that they will yield from 500 ) 700 bushels per acre- Such being the ase, are they not entiled to the considertion of every agriculturist who farms for rflit? I leave the solution of this queson to oth?.rs, and will conclude by ob2rving that I have no sinister motive to ibserve by this notice, as I have not, nor ever expect to have one for sale. Agricultoh. On the Culture of Wheat. There is good reason to believe that the xport from Lake Erie of this great Wes;rn staple will not fall below ten million f bushels during the present season.? my improvement in the production of an rticle of such immense importance tothe ommerce of Buffalo and to all classeswho esireanabundnaceof good cheap bread, annot fail to interest our readers, Hence o apology is necessary for devoting coniderable space in our columns to detailing le practical results of careful experiments lade in Great Britten with a view to heapen the expense of culture, and auglent both the quantity and quality of ffieat grown on an acre in the highest egree. Colonel Le Couteur, of the Island of prapv Knq rononflv mi/In vvvuit T IliUMO 0Vllig I 111 jJUl mt discoveries in the propagation of rheat plants their adaptation to peculiar :>il both natural and artificial, and, in the hole process, of obtaining the greatest mount of the best flour at the least exencc of land and labor. Fromsomestrange versight, his valuable work upon 'wheat," nd his "Essay on pure and improved 'arieties of Wheat lately introduced in* ) England," which received a prize of *enty sovereigns, have not been repubshed in this country. And we are in. ebted to Mr. Le Ckas, lately a resident f the island of Jersey, for the perusal of lesc works, and the privilege of making n abstract of such portions as we deem C A 1_ xl I X. f X ? i musi service 10 uie wueai-growers 01 toe nited States. Mr. Le Couteur has succeeded in proucing, by crossing the different k'nds of heat formerly cultivated, over 150 vaeties and sub-varieties of this grain. He ammenced his experiments some six ears ago by selecting a few of the best eads of wheats from fourteen of the most Jteemed varieties cultivated in England, he kernels in these heads were all care, illy counted and planted in seperatc parils, and treated alike in every respect as soil and culture. The result demonrated an astonishing difference both in io productiveness and quality of these iveral varieties of wheat. No kernals ere counted except such as grew, and ie experiment was most satisfactorily mducted in every respect. Sixty-one ains of white Dantzic gave 3 lbs. 3 oz. ' wheat, and 31bs. 9 oz. of straw; wherei 59 grains of what had been regarded \ a choice, variety of red wheat gave only 1 lb. 10 oz. of wheat, and 2 1*. 5 oz. o' straw. No. 8, a downy variety of white wheat, gave 4 lbs. 4 oz of wheat, v and 3 lbs. 3 oz. ofsiraw, from 55 grains. The experienced wheqi-grower in thi country would be rejoiced to cultiv&'e a variety of wheat which would yield him a good crop of straw bearing an amount of grain one-third larger in weight than the straw itself. And yet this was obtained at the first experiment, as stated dfcove. The auther selected five or six varieties of these fourteen several parcels and cultivated some of them at great pains in theifr pure state, while he commenced a judicious system of crossing with othe s, for * the purpose of producing new varieties superior to any of them. In tbis In was , quite successful. To prevent mistake and undesirable mixing of different nineties of wheat when in blossom, one pistil on a head was preserved, while*ali the pollen was carefully removed. T.iis pistil was fructified by the selected pollen, and only one kernal was produced, which, when planted, sometimes yielded 1,000' kernais of the new variety. By pursuing this coars for a series of years, and cultivating his seed wheat by itselL and propagating from those kinds only which produced the most and best flour with the least bran, Colonel Le Couteur now obtains over twenty-four hundred poundsof super tine flour to the acre, and his wheat is so very thin skined that 52 bushels grown upon an acre, give only 542 pounds of bran, middlings and shorts. A hundred pounds of the flour of his improved wheat will make, as repeated and most careful experiments have demonstrated, from 6* to 12 per cent, more good bread than the same quantity of the best common dour in the market. f 4 It is estimated that there are 6 vermilions, of acres sown to wheat annually in Great Britain; and it is considered quite practi. cable to increase the product without any additional expence, eight*bushels an acre,, or' forty millions in the agregate. This wou.W more than supp'y the home con- , sutnpti.nil? at,d enable the British' nation toexport ii/any milions of bushels'of wheat.? flow unpm*wnt 'l ' then that the greatproducers this great* Americun staple^toukf ullv understand 'he beet method of its cultivation, to complete successfully with the ecience and skill of English husbandry. The strugglelhearafler bet ween civilized nations in agriculture, manufacture*! and war even, will dependfarjlessupon superiority in mere physical force, than the combination* and deductions of practical ecience. The 6leafo power of Great Britain performs an amount of Mbor, which, if executed by human hands, wouiJ employ all the able bodied men in the world. The vegetable, mineral, aud aeriform ingredients which combine in nature and can be bronght into contact by art, for the production of the most valuable wheat, ought to be studied and thoroughly understood by r>very cul" tivator of the soil,-BuJfalo Commercial Adver* lizer. J AMERICAN SOCIETY OF AGRICULTURE. An address lo the farmers of the United States; to every friend of igricultural improvement: to every citizen of the United States who desires to see elevated the character and standing of Vie cultivators of American soil. Most respected and most respectable friends and brothers, give me your attention for a few fleeting moments; your humble brother, who now addresses you, published a suggestion about three years 1 ago, for the purpose of arousing your attention to the subject of forming a Nation! ai Agricultural Society; that suggestion ! was then responded to with a hearty good ! will throughout the country. But action upon the subject ha9 been overwhelmed by the political whirlwind that has swept over our country, in the first lull of the succeeding calm, the proposition to form such a society has been renewed, and with one exception, has met with a cheering "God speed the project." None doubt the utility of the proposed society, ! vet doubtless there are many who would j like to see the objects, end and aim of the | society more fully explained. To such I 1 now offer some of my vifews, and in do; ing so, invite you all to give yours; for I this is one of the objects of a National So; ciety to interchange our views. Many warm friends ol the measure, wno are anxious to see the society in operation, cannot see how it isjlo be organized. They say,"No doubt if once organized, it would daily increase in strength and usefulness; but it is like a great complicated piece of machinery, of great use and value when ones in motion, but difficult to start." Now, to me there is no difficulty in they way. .*11 that is wanted is a lew active engineers to put the machine in motion. I mmediate and decided action of a few of the active friends of agricultoraI improvement, who must assume the-responsibility to act as engineers as well as pioneers for the whole Union; and having once given the society an existence, it will flourish and increase in strength just as our political Union has done. The following plan of organizing the society is suggested to your consideration. Let as mauy of the friends of the project as can be induced to do so, meet at the Citr of Washington, on some day of the autumn of 1S41, (the particular day to be hereafter fixed,) and there ferm a constitution for the ? i n* A * ti society, and elect omccrs, to wit: a r res went, a Vice President for each state, a recording Secretary, a general corresponding Secret** ry, and a com ponding Secretary for each State, county, city and principal town in the United States, a treasurer, and probably a. publisher of a national paper, to be called the Journal of the American Society of Agonal, ture. - ^ V ?r* "