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m VOLUME VI By M. MAC LEA*. Tbums:?Published weekly at three dollars a year; with au addition, when not paid w.thin three months, of twenty per cent per annum. Two new subscribers may take the paper al fire dollars in advance; ami ten at twenty. Four subscribers, not receiving their papers in town, may pay a year's subscription with ten dollars, in advance. A year's subsci?;?tion always due in advance. Paper? not discontinued to solvent subscribers in arrears. Advertisements not exceeding Ilines inserted r one dollar the first time, and fifty cents each ubseq'iont time. For insertions at intervals of two weeks 75 cents after the first, and a dollar if the intervals are longer. Payment duo in advance for adverfisem -nis. When the number of insertions is not marked on tho copy, the advertisement will be insorted, and charged till i rdered out. IIT The postage must be paid on letters to the editor on the business of the office. [From an English-Work by A. Walker. CATTLE. " The best cattle have the face short; the muzzle small; the horns fine; the neck light, particularly where it joins the head ; the chest wide, deepand capacious; the tail broad and flat towards the top, 0, but thin towards the lower part, which it will always be, when the animal is small boned the lower part of the thigh small; the legs, short, straight, clean, and fine boned, though not so fine as to indicate delicacy of constitution ; the flesh rich and mellow to the feel; the skin of a rich and silkv appearance ; the countcnaicecalm and placid, denoting the evenness of temper, essential to quick feeding and a disposition to get fat. Every breed of animals which has, thro* a few generations (two or three is sufficient) been overfed, requires similar feeding ; and the offspring of such animals require and can digest more food than others, who have lived upon little. All growing animals, including mankind, ought to be well fed to preserve health and strength, but never to be stimulated by excess of food. The children of parents, however who have, through many generations, been well fed, would perish if given no more food than would be sufficient for on Irish or Highland Scot's peasant child. The chief qualities sought for in cattle, are the tendency to fatten on little food, and that to yield abundance of rich milk. The tendency to fatten is indicated chiefly by the capacity of the chest. Animals of all species, says Mr. Knight, all other qualities being equal, are, I think capable of labor and privation, and capable of fat. tening, nearly in proportion as their chests are capacious; but the habits of ancestors will operate very powerfully. It is the width and- depth of frame, aays Mr. Berry which confers weight, and Dot the mere circumstanceofgreat height. ?While equally great, if not greater weights, can be obtained with shorter legged animals, they are, independently of ^ other recommendations, generally found to pososs better constitutions and greater propensity to fatten. Mr. Knight says, the constitutional disposition to form fat, is certainly hostile to the disposition to give milk. Cows which give little milk often present large udders which contain much solid matter; and to inexperienced eyes, a two year old Hereford cow would give a promise of much milk, where very lit tie would be given.?A narrow forehead and a long face, nearly of the same width from end to end. as in the Aldcrncv cow, certainly indicates much more disposition to give milk than the contrary form, which I have pointed out as indicative of a disposi tion to fatten. Fat animals are more generally those of the north, where the cold diminishes sensibility. Fat indeed, appears to be the means which nature very extensively employs to lower sensibility by interposi. tion between the skin and the central parts of the nervous system. Fat animals accordingly, have less sensibility and irri ability of the ski n, and of the orga ns of sense generally. Thinner animals, on the contrary, are more generally those of the south and have more acute sensibility and exquisite sensation. In reply to this observation, Mr. Knight saya, I do not doubt but you are right respecting the use of fat in cold climates ; all sleeping animals, through winter, go to sleep in a fatted state. 1 do not think i i_ li. l l mai oreeus 01 cows, wnicn give rnucn rich milk, are very hardy. The Alderney cows are what the Herefordshire farmer calls very nesh, that is, very incapable of bearing hardship of any kind, and particularly cold, consequently of greater feasibility. Cows which give much milk have the jf power of eating and digesting much food, and they require, whilst they give much milk a very abuudant and good pasture. The breeds of cows which give less milk, and present greater disposition to become fat, are generally less nesh, and will fatten upon food. The influence of the feelings is very considerable. I have observ. ed 4that whenever a young Hereford cow disliked being milked by the dairymaid, she soon ceased to give milk : and I do not doubt that, in all cases, if the calves were twice every day permitted to suck after the dairymaid had finished her labor, the cojvs would longer continue to give milk, and in larger quantity. Thia tends to corroborate what has CH been said as to greater sensibility bein; favorable to milking. If this led only to distinotion*of thes no .nillrlnn m mnl V f fl fl f (1 i*n? iviuufl aa iw iiKiniiigi uuu.?.^ fatness and thinness, and that of smalle and larger organs of sense, and greater o i less sensibility, it would be still valuable 1 as showing either at a later or an earlie ~ period, what we may expect in this im | portant particular. But perhaps its utili ty may extend still further, and enable u I to improve the race. It may form a basis for our determin ing whether in endeavoring to improve i breed fatteners may most easily also be come milkers, to some extent; or milker may, to a similar extent, become fatten ers; and what are the circumstance , which would most favor such partial in terchange, if not absolute improvement ?Indeed, from these principles I woul conclude, that an animal fattening in th north, where a more general temperature would render fat far less necessary,? would increase sensibility and would cher ish the secretion of milk, so intimatel connected with that excitemement of th re-productive ; functions which warine climates produce. As these two desirable qualities ar both dependent upon one system, and a | they are opposed to each other, (for exces of one secretion is always more or less a the cost of the other.) they will be mos easily obtained by being distinctly sough for, and the animal of diminished sensi bility will most easily fatten, while th< animal of increased sensibility will mos readily yield milk. These views are confirmed by the con duct of the London dairy-men. Whit they acknowledge that the Alderney yield the best milk, they keep none o them, whatever they may pretend, be cause these animals are peculiarly deli cate, and more especially, because the] cannot after being used as milkers, be fat toned for the butchers. The York am Durham cows suit them best. In*certain constitutions, however, am to a certain extent, there is a compatibili ty between fatteningand milking. Mr. Knight says, the disposition ti give much and rich milk, and to fattei rapidly, are to some extent at varianc< -i I i T I witn cacti orner ; uui 1 nave seen eases n which cows which have given a grea deal of rich milk, have given hirth to mos excellent oxen, the cows themselves however, always continuing small am thin whilst giving milk. I very confidently believe in the possi bility of obtaining a breed of cows whicl would afford fine oxen, and would them selves fatten well ; but as great milker; require much more food than others, th< farmer who rears oxen, does not thin! much, perhaps not enough, about milk and is in the habit, (which is certain!) (wrong of breeding his hulls from cow: which have become his best owing only t< their having been bad milkers. In the selection of bulls, b?sides attcn j ding to those properties which belong t< | the male, we aught to be careful, also, tha they are descended from a breed of gooi j milkers, at least if we wish the futuri ; stock to possess this property. Ladies who cultivate flowers will grate fully receive the following recipe for de stroying a very troublesome reptile. I is taken from llovey's Magazine of Hor! ticulture: Worms in pots may he easily, destroy cd, simply by watering the soil with lime | water, which may be made by putting r piece of lime, weighing about two pounds i into a pail of water; when the whole u j slacked and well stirred up, it should b< allowed to settle. The clear water ma) then be turned off, and the soil in the pot: should be liberally watered with it. The worms will soon leave the premises, by i crawling out upon the surface, wher they may be taken out and destroyed.? If any remain, another watering can b< applied. We have never found any difficulty in destroying them by this meth od. WHIT If GAKKOTS. We beg to draw the particular atten tion of our readers to an excellent lette from Sir C. M. Burncll. Bart., on the sub ject of growing White Carrot, the value of which we can fully confirm, having thi; year (although the season has been very unfavorable) obtained highly satisfactory results lespecting it. We were induce< to experimentalize on this root at the re commendation of the Hon. baronet, givei last year.?Ed. Yankee Farmer. Knepp Castle, Nov. 3. Sir?1'crceiving, on perusal of you last Express, your notice respecting thi premiums oriereu ior specimens 01 luuup and mangel wurlzel, with accompanyin< statements of their culture, I trouble yoi with the following practical statement ii support of my last years published opinioi on the preference of the culture of th< white cattle carrot over that of the parsni| for agricultural purposes, and which wa made in consequence of a letter fr.vm i correspondent in the Lewes Advertiser advocating the growth of the parsnip in which 500 bushels per acre was statei as the produce. Conceiving that fron my then crop of white carrots, grown 01 a very different field, the yield of w'nicl was 1000 bushels per acre' without th< green tops that their culture would hi more advantageous on stiff soils than tha ER AW. SOU'l'H-CAKOUNJ g of the parsnip, with a return of about a moiety of the produce only, I laid a com- j t e putative statement of my crop before the j i if public, that agriculturists of intelligence j I r and spirit might try the results by sowing c r both sorts on similar quality of land. But s >, saiisfied as I am myself of the preference r of the white cattle carrot on my farm i . over all roots fit for cattle, I again sowed i . four acres broadcast on land of better t s quality this year and so far as experience t shows, in the raising and housing of about I . half my crop, there will be, as near as we 1 a can determine, 1300 bushels per acre, < !. after separation from the green tops; and j J s considering the depth whence their nour- j 1 i i .Li.: j 1 . isnmeiu is ooiameu, uiic lusiau^c uu . ? s less than 3 feet 5 l-2inches, and in sev- ( i. eral others nearly as olfcapj) I do not view ? it as a very scourging crop, especially ] d considering the vast increase of nutritious f e winter fodder, with consequent economy j i, of hay, for both fattening and lean stock, ( - and especially milch cows, their cream , - and butter being as good and free from , y any ill flavour as when feeding on the e pastures; and likewise looking to the j , r great increase of farm-yard manure re-1 . suiting from its consumption, to which j e may be justly added the clean, friable, j1 s and finely pulverized state in which the j 1 s ground is left after the removal of the crop { t particularly well adapted for ridging up ' t during winter and sowing with barley and ' t SDeds in the ensuing spring, I do not hesi- I . fate to bring the results of my experience i e to your attention and consideration. ] t My first inducement to try the white < carrot was the representation of Mr. Ea- , . ton, M. P., whose father, I understood ob- j e tained the seed from Holland; with a res suit on sowing it on indifferent land in f Cambridgeshire, of 1000 bushels per acre, . with which iny crop in 1S39 tallied very - accurately, I led myself to believe (but 1 y from the dryness which prevailed after . sowing my seed last spring, and the con- 1 i sequence of a fresh growth on rain falling ' after hoeing in the summer,) that the I 1 i carrots would have been of more equal ' . size, and the amount of the produce possibly greater in weight and value. For 1 a the cultivation of the white carrot, free- ' i working, deep soils well and deeply drain- ^ 3 ed and sub-soiled are to be preferred; and { i the better heart the ground is in, and the ' t cleaner the tilth, the greater will of course ' t be the chance of a renumerative and ben- * , eficial crop. Mine were sown broadcast, ( 1 6 pounds to the acre, and cost, last spring, 1 Is, per lb.; but whether being sown in ' . drills at proper distances, and ridged up, J i would improve the crop, I leave to the ' . discriminate judgment of practical and 1 i more scientific farmers. I shall only add * 3 that those who at my recommendation * i have sown the white cattle carrot, ex- * , press their satisfaction at their adoption, j and my neighbor, the Rev. William 1 s Wuodward, of West Grinstead, having > sown them on a small breadth of land, has had cause to be satisfied with the re. suit equally with myself. You are wel- ! > come to make what use of my obsorva- 1 t tionsyou think proper, accepting my ex- * \ euse for sending them hastily, and I fear { A 0 ^ V ' 5 rather incoherently written, my time be- 1 ing too much occupied to make a fair I copy. I am, sir, your humble servant,? ' Yankee Farmer. C'harlds Merrick Blrxkll. 1 1 1 . marks of good working oxen feed ing?management, &c. < The writer of the following has a great ' . deal of practical knowledge, and is distin- 1 t guished for his sound reasoning, and in- ' , telligence on various subjects?on the * i following, he is probably excelled by no 1 i man in the country : 1 r Mr. Editor: Sir: The following I give i as my opinion, concerning the marks of a ; good working ox, &c. 'J r 1. Long head, broad oval between i the eyes, the eye keen, full and pleasant, - such aie marks denoting ability to receive ? instruction, and a readiness to obey. 2. Forward legs should be straight, toes - straight forward, hoof broad, not peaked, < distance short between ancle and knee. j These properties enable the ox to travel { on paves and hard ground. 3. Full breast, straight on the back, j r round rib, projecting out as wide as the . ui ? .i J: u illp uuiics, muse uic iiuiiuaiiuii ui siicu^iii { ' arid good constitution. ( 3 In opposition to the above, we find >' the short faced ox, starts, quick at the i whip, but soon forgets it. J If the ox toes out, the strain comes on 1 the inside claw, and when travelling on i hard road, he will be lame at the joint be- ( tween the hoof and the hair. When the * toes turn out, the knees always bend in. i r The crooked kneed ox, is apt to become t b lame by holding heavy loads down hill. I g Comparison, a straight stick, when set , t on one end, will bear up more weight than j j a crooked one. j i The ox with very large horns, is apt i to be lazy and will not stand the heat of | 3 the day. The black eyed ox, is apt to p run away, oxen working in the same yoke . s should carry their heads on a level with 1 i each other. 1 , Oxen working on a stone-drag, and 5 ,, on the foot of a plough, on the sled spire, * | or cart spire, twitching stones or timber, | i should carry their heads well up, as it will j1 enable them to do this kind of work much J I r\ easier. Oxen that work as leaders for- \ < e ward of other oxen, should carry their , e heads low. I t Oxen should be shod with a broad shoe. , dlfi w nmwmihWM V, WEDNESDAY, APRII ro travel on hard road, the shoe on the 'orward foot should be set back at the heel jearly half an inch further than the hoof jears upon it. I have frequently known > i - c .1 jxeu iu wo lume in consequence 01 uic , ihoe being too short at the heel. The best way of feeding oxen for hard work, is to give each ox two quarts of neal, wet, and mixed with chopped hay iiree times a day, and what hay his appeite naturally craves besides. This is the 1 lighest feed the working ox ought to lave, and will enable the good ox to work ;en or twelve hours every day. I think -ye and Indian meal mixed together is letter than clear Indian. Farmers who ' jo not work their oxen hard, have no need ; if giving them so much meal. Steers should be broke quite Boy3 should never yoke the 1 ?ake of a frolic. I think it a good plan for farmers, when they are going a short jistance after a load, to take their steers with them, and let the steers lead the learn towards home. They will learn to iraw towards the barn much better than from it. I hove found it much easier to learn steers or oxen, to back by giving them a gentle slap on the nose with the bare hand, than by striking with the butt 3nd of the whip stick, which is too often done. When steers are first yoked, they may be allowed to walk about the pen yard, until they are satisfied the yoke will not burt them. Working the young steer carefully causes his strength to gain with his growth without injuring the latter. The best pair of working oxen, I have jver known, were handy before six months old, and are now owned at the State Prison, in Charlcstown, Mass. From experience, I do say, in my opin. ion, steers broke quite young, are worth, for hard labor, twenty five per cent more than oxen that have come to their growth . ii ietoro they are yoKea. One word to the drivers of o.xen: Feed regular, and do not forget the card, especially when they are shedding their coat. Have the yoke the right length, that your x\en may walk up straight. Let the jows suit their necks, the yoke and bows to the leaders should set a little snugger than to the other, never use the whip >nly out of necessity?when you are ibout to strike the young steer, ask yourself, will he know what 1 strike him for? Let each ox have a name ; and be sure that every ox in your team knows his lame; never spepk a word to an ox with cut a meaning. Have a particular word to start your team by, that all may haul together, never hurry your oxen, when your riding behind them, lest you learn them to haul apart.? Yankee Farmer. New Plough. It is stated in the Carlisle (English) Journals that Joseph Herbert, an ingenous mechanic, at Csosscanohy, in this country, has lately constructed a plough cn a new and improved principle, performing double the work of a common dough, by turning up two furrows at once. \n experimental trial was made on the arm of Mrs. Hodgeson, Allerby Hall, and he success of the new plough surpassed }if? <<Yn*rt;itinriM of the most sanguine. It ~--f- o s a light and easy draught for three horsjs; and the builder is now confident that >y some trifling alteration in the machinery, hfe can render it equally easy for two wrses on most lands, which will he a considerable saving to the farmer, and worthy he attention of the promoters of agriculural improvements. From the Farmers' Register. 0. new and successful mode of guarding peach trees against the worm. To the Edifor of the Farmers' Register. Fincastlc, Va. Feb. 27, 1841. Although my name is not on the list jf your subscribers, I have had the satsfaction of reading some of the valuable irticles which appear in your journal.? Fhough unacquainted with you personaly, as I feel some interest in your period,cul, I will take the liberty of introducing nyself, by giving a brief sketch of an jxperimcni 1 have made, with success, on ;he peach tree ; and if you deem it of any mportance, or worthy the notice of your eaders, you can give publicity to it. As 1 consider the peach the most delinous fruit of our latitude, I have long since thought it a desideratum that it should be made independent of the destructive worm which kills the tree. I ihought it practicable ; and it occurred to ne that there was in reach an antidote for the enemy to luxurious growth. Hav ing observed, in the practice ot medicine, that the cedar berry was a powerful vermifuge, I transplanted cedar scions ind peach scions together six years since, in the following manner: I set one of each in a hole, with the roots entangled md set close together, believing that the strong odor peculiar to the cedar would prove offensive and sickening to the worm, and thereby prevent its approach to the peach tree. Every circumstance seemed to conspire in favor of the experiment ; there was no danger of the peach tree being choked by the cedar, because the former is a rapid, whilst the latter is i ritr, m j as. >84i. of very slow growth. The peach scions bore the second year, and have put forth their leaves as black as cloud every season, and bore most luxuriantly every season, until the last, which was the sixth year. I have set out a number since, in the same way, which are all flourishing. I think a soil should be selected much mixed with sand, in or ler to prove successful. w? M A VTABUQAV f i Ji? 11# i^ii u&n'jvii On Corns in Horses' Feet. Sir,?In a late publication of yours, the question is asked, "is there any cure for corns in horses' feet, and what is it?" I beg leave to offer the following remarks: ?This disease is produced always by some hard substance pressing on the sole at the quarters, chiefly shoes left too long on, till the heels become buried in the hoof, the fibrous substance which lies between the sensible foot and the absolute horny hoof becomes inflamed by the pressure, and the inflammation produces a hardness of the spot, similar, if I may so express it, to a knot in a piece of soft timber. When this is pressed on, it has all the effect of a bit of gravel or some for. eign substance lodged in the part, and the action of the pressure causes it to irritate the surrounding parts, which are very sensible, and the horse cannot bear firmly on the foot. When this lump or hardness is wholly or partially cut away by the draw-knife, some relief is obtained; but the knife, in removing the corn, wounds, in some degree, the surrounding soft parts, and the disease is reproduced ?for after a while it is found to be as bad as ever; and this is sure to be the case when any cautery, cither the hot iron or burning stimulants, are applied, as one or the other always are, or perhaps both. These shrivel up and convolute the fibrous texture, and quickly form a new corn, for they actually produce an artificial one, but the removal of so much horn as has necessarily been affected by the operation, in order to get at the scat of disease, prevents any immediate pressure on it; because, so large an excava-1 tion having been made, the part is left hollow, the cavity bv ing generally filled up with some substance, either soft, or "intended to be so"?tow, smeared with various quack preparations mixed in grease, or, in place of tow, wool, which is better, or spunge. The heel of the shoe is thinned opposite the place, or the shoe is cut short so as not to cover it at all, or a bar shoe is applied. The latter is in itself a source of lameness; the thin shoe bends, and so makes the matter worse; and the short shoe affords no protection? the stuffing, be it made of what it may, gets beaten into a hard mass, and becomes itself an injurious lump, and the disease is constantly reproduced. The most judicious remedies are therefore only palliative while the horse is employed at his ordinary duties, or kept in a stable where his feet are dry and the hoof hard; no?the hoof must be dilated and softened by constant moisture, all irritating pressure must be avoided; and under these circumstances, nature will work the cure, by letting the injured part grow out of the foot; and let no injury or pressure come at it till the then existing hoof is quite grown away and a new one formed. Therefore mv answer to the ques * tion is?palliate the evil as well a9 you can, by keeping the hoof constantly pared away between the corn and the ground, but do not wound, in your vain endeavors to cut it out; avoid the hot iron9, &c. above mentioned; keep a bit of spunge s ftly put in. merely to keep out the gravel and keep the spot moist; and when the season arrives, turn him out without any shoes, into a soft marshy place, where his feet must be in a constant moist stale for three months at least: by that time the hoof will be altogether renewed?the disease will have grown out?and if there is no new injury, there will be no new corn; in short, the cure will be perfect. I would not presume to put forward this if it was a mere theory?a habit but too common amongagriculturnl writers, which only have the effect of amusing and lead, ing their readers astray. The above suggestions are, I assure you, the result of practical experience. While on this subject, I beg to offer a word on the subject of the feet of horses and cattle in general- Dry standing is the prolific source of many of their diseases; long continued drought, is to contract hoof of every kind. The foot of a hoofed beast is an extremely tender and sensible member, inclosed in a hard insensible box. If this box is large enough, the foot is at ease; but if it is contracted in its dimensions and shrunk up by drought, it becomes a shoe that pinches; the sensible foot gets inflamed and uneasy; preternatural activity in the secret, ing vessels (always the consequence of inflammation) takes place; unusual secretions are produced, which cannot be evacuated through the shrunken pores of the hardened hoof; these secretions become morbid, and must force their way out somehow?thus thrushes, contracted feet, decayed frog, &c. Grease is often applied by way of softening the hoof-? this has quite the contrary effect; it fills up aod obstructs the pores that yet remain unclosed, effectually preventing exudation from within, and the absorption of moisture from without. It is a remark often made with regard to stall-feeding NUMBER 24cattle, "that beast won't stand the a'all, he gets tender on the feet." This is from the dryness of the standing, the hoofs get contracted, the beast stands in pain and cannot thrive, and the time and feeding are thrown away. I lately saw two very tine bullocks, in the county of Galway, which could not fatten to near the weight they otherwise might, from this cause; under a mistaken idea, their feet were well greased; but if they had the advantage of a soft poultice, sufficiently often allowed them, the object would have been much better attained. Moisture, I repeat, is the thing for diseased hoof, if the disease, as in nine cases out of ten, originates in dryness. Iam, Sir, yours, E. Mauxskll. P. S. Let it not be inferred from anything herein, that I would have cattle kept standing in dirt.?Farmer's Magazine. On a Frincipal of Fencing, formed according to the laws of vegetable physiology. At a recent meeting of the Botanical Society of London, the following account was given by Mr. Daniel Cooper, the curator, of the mode of forming a fencework to plantations, &c.,of a veryecono. I mica! and rustic kind, and which may. be termed with all propriety a " Natural living Fence" We are induced to give a full abstract of the communication, (from the first part of the Society's Proceedings). as we think the suggestion might offer some points of interest to our country readers. The natural living fence consists simply ofplanting for the purpose trees or shoots of the same species, or species of the same genus, or genera of the same natural family, and causing them to unite by means of the process of "grafting by approach or inarchinga process well understood by gardeners and horticulturists. , The fact having been briefly stated, it is necessary, in the next place to enter more fully into explanation of the plan to be adopted. ' In the first instance it is requisite to cul ivate a portion of land, for the purpose of rearing the shoots intended for forming the fence. Those which 1 had an opportunity of observing (on the estate ot'SirTnomos Neaves, Dagnam Park. Ess^x, c< ndructed by his gardenes ani planter Mr. Breese), were f rmed of ash, but of course any other tree would similarly unite and answer the end required. The faster the tree grows, and produces new wood, the stronger and better the fence necessarily becomes. The shoots or small trees are run up (as termed by gardeners), and kept trimmed so as to produce stems as straight as possible. These are trained to the heights required, depending upon the intended height of the fence. As soon as they have acquired sufficient age they are carefully trar splanted, a trench of two feet in width being previously made in the line of the intended fence, it being found necessary to surround the roota with earth of a richer nature than that usuallv met with, where fences are to be ? ' ... i. I placed, sum as me ouisturis ?n wwun, plantations, parks, &c. The trench hav. ing been made and prepared, the stems arc then carefully removed ; one set being planted at the required distance, a foot for instance from each other, those we may suppose to slope to the north; the other set, for example, are planted sloping towards the south, at the same di?tance from each other, so that when the shoots proceed from the ground, they are in contact by their internal part. The several stems having been thus arranged, the next and most important step is that of causing them to unite; this of course is requisite in order to produce strength, and is accomplished by the pro. cess of grafting by approach, or, what is the same thing, that of inarching. For this purpose it is necessary to remove a small plate of bark at the proper season, on each stem where their inner, portions are in contact; this having been carefully * 1 4- *L _ <,UMa performed, approximate me iwu oioiuo, so that the denuded portions of each j?hall exactly meet; tie the stems togetb-^$ er at these places, and keep them for ft short time from the action of the atmosphere by means of a piece of clay. In the course of a few weeks, if these precautions have been attended to, adhesion takes place, and the result is, that a natural living fence has been formed, having openings of a diamond shape, which may be made of course of any size that may be required ; it being only requisite to place the stems in the earth at a great ter or less distance from each other. The adhesion takes place in the following manner according to the laws of vegetable physiology. The plates of bark being removed on each stem, and the stems approximated to each other at that part, it follows that as the fluids rise in the stems of exogenous (out-growing) within u'imvIv Dortion of the llVVOf TT IVIIIU ?*?W t. WW? f J trunk and descend within the bark,?that the stems being closely tied to each other, and hept at their point of union from the action of the air, the cambium (proper of elaborate juice) exudes, form new wood, and the stems anite by the natural process. The advantages which Mr. Cooper considers this Hind of fencing to petmm