Farmers' gazette, and Cheraw advertiser. (Cheraw, S.C.) 1839-1843, April 14, 1841, Image 1
#
VOLUME VI.
By M. MAC LEA*.
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rdered out. I
ID* The postage must lie paid on letters to the ^
editor on the business of the office.
From the Maine Farmer.
SUCCESSIVE CROrs OF WHEAT FROM THE 1
SAME LAND.
Mr. Holmes.?Wishing to contribute
what I fairly can, to make known the
agricultural capabilities of that part of (
- ? ? * *-i~ f J_ __j. i
-Maine in wnicn i reside, i uo noi Know
of a better way to accomplish it than this,
w Nor perhaps can I do the State a better '
service, than to relate in this way some of I
my experience in growing wheat. This
I have dor.e the last four years on the *
same piece of land with complete success;
and I see no particular dillicully why I
cannot keep on for many years more, j
growing good crops of wheat on the same
land without 'taxing the manure heap. I
not happening to believe the theory generally
admitted, which lavs it down lor !
fact, that wheat cannot be raised two years 1
insucecsaon to any.id vantage on thosame j
land. I have tried the experiment with
one acre to wheat four years in succe9- 1
sion, and find the theory to be mere bigotry ]
unsupported by the facts in this case. I
will engage to prove mv statement to any {
one that will lake the trouble to come and '
see my fifth crop, next August, on the
same land, for I intend to continue the :
experiment until I find it unprofitable, to
pursue it farther. At present I have as
much confidence in the fifth crop, as I
have in that of any piece of land on my (
farm, or t will sav in town, however well
manured and cultivated it may have been '
last year. I am made confident in making
this assertion on account of the light
lively and rich .vmearanccof the soil, and j
I have faith that what it ha>done so well
for four years in succession it will be likely
to do again. At present I see but very l.
little in the way of mv raising wheat for 1
twenty years in succession to as good advantage
as it can be done in New York j
or any other state, unless I am prevented
by the spreading of thistles, ot which *
there are at present some indications,
that at some future time the land may hecome
too much infested with them to ^
grow wheat with goo 1 success. However,
^ I hope I shall not be troubled with them *
much for several years. The land in '
question in 1825, was a very mossy unproductive
piece of mowing land. It was (
ploughed in the fall of that year, in the
springof'SG it was cross ploughed, manured
middling well, and about one hundred
and sixtv bushels of leached ashes .
^ f
was put on the acre, and it was planted to ^
potatoes. Owing to the g.cat quantity
of moss, and its stubborn sour nature, the f
potatoes turned out but an ordinary crop. I.
I ploughed the land again in the fall of i
'3G, and sowed it to wheat without plough- j 1
mg it again, early in April of '37, had an i.
excellent crop, upwards of forty bushels !
from an acre. In the fall of '37, plough-|1
ed the s'uhble under, it was done very. 1
well. In the spring of "38, I sowed !
wheat euriv, without its having been
' 3) |
spring ploughe !. After the wheat got up
two or three inches, sowed on about three
bushels of plaster per acre, I got as good
a yield per acre, as any I had that year or |
any in our neighborhood. I turned the
stubble under again, in the fa!! of '3S, and
without ploughing again, in the spring of j ^
'39 I sowed to wheat again. This year j |
the white and red clover threatened the (
young wheat hard ; hut it overcame, and
at reaping time presented a good crop for |
this year, as goo I as any in our vicinity.
The precise yield for these two years I (
have no moans of ascertaining for it was
5
put in common with other wheat that j
grew on my farm, Those years however it (
grew stout enough for twenty five bushels
p-racro. I ploughed it again in the fall .
of 'tf9 early after reaping, antf again in the ^
spring of '40,1 then spread on three cart
loads of leached ashes of about forty bushels
aach, the wheat sown this year was
of the bald kind, and like most of wheat
sowed late in order to avoid the weevil.
Late sowed wheat this year generally
rusted, and this was the case w ith mine, ?
the wheat was in consequence considerably
shrunk in the kernel, therefore diminished
in the crop, the produce of the acre
in question was kept and thrashed by itself,
the yield was thirty two bushels to
the acre, the straw grew stout enough for
fifty bushels or more per acre. Had I
sown the kind of wheat called the Black
Sea wheat I have no doubt hut my crop
would have turned out many more bushels
than it did, for according to all the
evidence 1 have been able to obtain, the
Biuck Sea wheat may be sown late without
danger from the rq^t. Cn fact, this is
demonstrated to my mind in consequence
A
C1I?I
of having seen a great many samples of
our old kinds of wheat that grew last year,: <
and from different towns and neighbor- i
hoods, and among them all I have not:
found one fair sample. The only fair I
sample of wheat that I have seen of last j
year's growth, are two of the Black Sea : J
j
kind. One I obtained from Bloomsfield, <
Kennebec Co., the other from Samuel,
Butnam, Esq. of Plymouth in this county. 1
Those two samples will compare to good, <
*.i i , 1 i .ao-r ,
advantage wan wneai raised in 1001 v* (<
'33, two of our best wheat years. Those I
two samples I intend to sow next year.
Extract from the Rejxtrt of RonenT
McAfke Vice President of the blh District
Agricultural Society, (Kentucky) to
the President of the State Society.
Very few men ever will learn any j
thing except from experience, and this is j I
particularly the case as to fanning and <
agricultural pursuits, hence the cxperi- l
ence of one generation is lost upon the <
next, because in a great measure the sys- 1
terns of our best farmers exist and die i
with them, as all has reposed in the mem- j <
ory of each individual, when if we had j '
the experience of practical farmers coin- j I
milled to writing, or collected into one , i
systematic treatise, it would enable many to j |
profit byit, who are now left in thedark, but ! I
r;rcn this would be very difficult on ac- j ,
count of the variety of our soils, uncer- i
taintv of the seasons, and the vast differ- <
cnce in the application of industry and I
Attention to every thing connected with i
farming and slock raising. Every day's |
experience shows us that some individuals I
far outstrip their neighbors possessing '
crpial capital and soil?one man is aston- i
-t.- J i_ u:~ i.n.IA i ,
S:IC(1 III SCU HIS llViguuui ua?c mviivi : i
dock, and more grass, and grain, than 11
ic has, although he works as hard, rises ' <
is^arly a,id toils as la 9. The f\irm of th?! I
:>nc always looks neat, and every thing 1 I
iroun 1 him seems to prosper, although the j <
Jther seems to be more noisy, blustering J <
ind industrious; why is this the case! <
This is a plain simple question, and every j
person thinks he can solve it. Then why j
lo we see the same tilings acted over and (t
iver again, without any improvement? i
\ few reflections here may not he amiss,
not for the purpose of being read only, but 1
o induce agriculturalists to think, and i
2\aminc closely every thing connected I
with their business. In order to do this, c
it is only necessary to lay down a few c
general rules, which are essential to all
iinds of business: 1st, No man will prosper t
a any occupation, unless he, gives his whole 1
iMention to it. This is true as to farm- r
ng as well as every thing else; if we have
servants or hirelings, the master's eye s
iloneis worth one servant, and if he lays j a
lold himself, it will add two more in ex- ! t
jediting his business; his eves must he ; 1
jvery where over his farm, his horses, t
;attle, sheep and hogs, must all he in j i
heir proper place, and regularly fed, his J i
'arming utensils must all be ready in due c
season, have their known places, and uses, t
ind never be out of place when wanted,
md the man who attends to these things i
vill always have time enough to do every t
hing necessary on his farm, and at the r
dose of the season he will find himself jt
imply repaid for his attention. We have | c
>ften been told by Franklin and others {I
hat, time is m mcy. This is true as well ' c
o the farmer as the mechanic, every farm- r
ir should always recollect when seed ! i
imr and harvest comes, ho has the prom- i j.
se of these times, and Providence will , i
lever disappoint him while time lasts; but
in fortunately many farmers disappoint a
hemselves. Tiieir ground is not plough- c
d in due season or their crops put in al i c
he proper time; pleasant weather is used j i
n atten ling to unnccssary work, and a |
ainy day is sure to he the very day they t
ntended to plant their corn; and Sunday
ilways comes round before they arc rca- s
ly for it. Thus things are always out c
>f joint with such farmers, they work s
lard, and are always very busy, many j
iines doing worse than nothing. To this i i
class may be added those farmers who in j
die fall of the year, after seeding time, <
leave their ploughs and harrows in the j i
field, in the spot where they quit work, ; <
to remain out all the winter to rot, their j
iocs and scythes hanging in the trees ; |
round the fences, and every thing else j i
rut of place, such men may work hard | <
md fret at hard times as long as they live, ! j
hut they will never overtake the lost I
time, or equal their more careful and i
economical neighbor, who attends to his i
msiness in duo season, alwavs doing that 11
* ? *
which is most needed. I;
*****
Clearing Ground.?I have already in n
my communication of Dec. 1833, made i
a few suggestions as to the proper time to
clear your land for cultivation, or to
deaden timber in your woodland pastures, j1
This I again repeat, ought to be done in 11
the latter part of July and the month of j
August, if we do not wish to be troubled 1
with sprouts, briars and brush the balance j
of our lives?a tree cut down or deadened 1
in August will not sprout, neither will un- j
dcrgrowth come again to any extent, and , 1
the farmer has as much leisure this month |
as any other in the year; those who insist |
upon trying the experiment for them-!
selves, may do so, as I do not wish to claim
exclusive orthodoxy for my opinions or )j
practice. Farmers often complain of the ;
briars, grubs and brush along their fences, |
and I have sees several inquiries as to the
i
* Cn#
i w nmwmm
A, WEDNESDAY, APRII
| ??
A knowledge of the habits of noxious
or troublesome insects, will many times
enable us to devise methods for their
i counteraction. In the instance of this
j insect, a very simple remedy to prevent <
its depredations has been suggested, and
I ain happy to say that experience has,
to some extent, confirmed its efficacy. i
The iEgeria in its perfect or winged 1
state, is closely allied to the moth family.
The fact is probably universally known. I
that aromatic oils of all kinds are pecu- <
' liarly offensive to that family of insects. 1
; Every house-wife knows that a quantity 1
| of Camphor, Turpentine, oil of Tansy, or '
Tobacco, placed in her drawers, containi
ing woolen clothes, will effectually pre- 1
| serve them from attacks of the common i
i inoth. 1
It is evidpnt that the same plan, under
j some form, mar be employed to repel
; from the peach tree the Algeria^ in its
| moth state; and it is only in that state in
which it deposits its eggs.
Tobacco sulphur and coal-ashes have I
been tried with partial success?but they |
ijtm
UW, SCfUTH-CAKOLIN
best mode of extermination. The first
error was committed in clearing the kind
at the wrong time of the year; and the
next is want of industry, to cut down the
briars with the hoe every time the field is
ploughed while cultivating corn, or after
harvest to cut the briars from the pannels
of the fences; a few years of perseverance
will relieve the farmer from much labor,
but if he permits the briars to grow and
advance into his held while hepiougus
around them for fear of getting scratched,
be will soon have to give up his field and
turn it out, like he does his poor hogs, for
more industrious men to laugh at. I recollect
some thirty years since, wlien briar
patches and blackberry fields, were
more in fashion than at the present time,
and when many a sore complaint was
made as to the truth of the primeval
curse put upon the earth, that a respectaole
old gentleman in Mercer county, who
was noted for his neatness about his
farir, contrived to get along free from all
O f P
inch complaints; he divided the different
lines of fence among his servants and gave
them a part of every Saturday evening to
cultivate the corner of his fences in hopvines
and potatoes, which yielded them a
handsome profit. Thus he kept down
the briars, thorns and thistles, and every
part of his farm was cultivated; he had
iarge pastures and meadows for his stock,
ind never permitted any thing to run
upon his fallows or cultivated fields, the
crah grass which sprung up spontaneously
in his fields, where he had his wheat,
rye, &e. was permitted to grow and was
ploughed in next spring. Thus he kept
liis land constantly as good as at first,
file use of the red clover was then in a
measure unknown in Kentucky, or I have
110 doubt he would have substituted it for
bis system, which deprived him of much
of the best pasture he had which his neighbors
could not do without on their farms,
laving not vet either the blue grass or the
O C?
clover. They depended alone on the
crab grass after harvest. The consepence
was, his system was not adapted,
md the fence rows grew up unmolested
for want of time to keep thenidown, and
lie old gentleman's example was lost as a
natter of course. 9
From the Western Farmer and Gardener.
yfciCERIA IjXITIOSA.
Among the causes of the premature
Iccny of the Peach-Treo, the depredations
>f tins insect, is the principal one.
In the larva or grub-form, the body of
his worm is of a whitish color, and its
lead reddish brown. Its length at matuity,
is about three-fourths of an inch.
It commences its destructive career
;oon after it has hatched from the egg,
ind enters the tree, probably through the
endcr bark, under the surface of tho soil.
From thence, it first works downwards in
he root, until the early part of the ensung
summer, when it directs its course upwards,
towards the body of the tree, by
ixcavatinga channel, as it progresses, bcwecn
the bark and wood.
Having attained its full size in the
Larm or ^n/i-form, it next passes into
he Pupa state, between the tirst and the
niddle of July. At that time, it may be
liscovercd, close to the trunk of the tree,
invcloped in its follicle, and surrounded
>y a large accumulation of gum, that
>ozes out of its desiccated channel in the
oot. In this, the Pupa state, it continics
until the latter part of July, or the beginning
of August, when it again changes
nto the modi, winged, or perfect state.
In this condition it is active and vigiluit,
concealing itself during the da)', in
iracks or crevices, about the trees, fences
>r other secure places, and at night issung
forth to fulfil its vocations, and pre>are
for propagating a new generation of
lie grub.
While in the moth-state, the sexes differ
;o much in appearance, that a superficial
)bscrver might mistake them for distinct
ipecies.
The female soon commences depositing
her eggs upon the bark of the tree
u.st above the surface of the ground, and
completes the process before the close of
September, when she, as well as the male
lies.
It is said, that in some instances she deposits
not less tiian three hundred eggs
upon one tree. The egg is oblong-oval,
Jiill-yellow, and so small as to bo onlv
|iist observable by the naked eye. it
hatches into a minute grub in eight or ten
O u
Jays. The young progeny then perforates
the tender bark of the trees, beneath
the surface of the earth, in the manner
already suggested,
These several changes, constitute its
annual routine of transformation, and they
usually occur at the periods mentioned;
yet there are individuals that do not conform
to the general rule, but undergo the
changes earlier or later, according to circumstances;
and it is probable that thiire
are a few females depositing their eggs
during most, or all of the summer months.
A detailed account of the habits, and
scientiric characters of the uEgeria, as
well as of the means that are sometimes
employed to prevent its depredations, is
contained in Mr. Say's '"American Entemology,"
Vol. It., which your readers
will do well to consult.*
) .Egkria f.mtinsa ? Description. Male..?
Body, rtteel-hluic antcnae ciliated on the inner
Bido, black, tvilh a tinge of bluo; palpi, beneath.
3'ellow: head with a ba.na at base, both above and
beneath, pa e vejlow: eyes black-brown; thorax
are temporary, and require to be often
: replaced.
' Tansy and wormwood contain large
| quantities of essential oil, which is peouI
liarly offensive to this insect; and it is
l found, that if the body of the peach tree
j be surrounded by half a dozen sprouts of
cither of thess vegetables, it will be per.
fectly secured against the approaches of
this destructive enemy.
They should be p'anted out in the
spring, nearly in contact with the body of
; the tree, and so as to surround it. During
| the summer they should be cultivated, and
kept free from grass. In this way they
; foim a permanent and successful means
| of defence against the insect that has
| nearly exterminated the peach tree from
many sections of the country,
j It is probable the ChanijHxIium antkrh
; minticvm, the plant that furnishes the
! wormseed-oil, and perhaps some other
; bitter and aromatic vegetables, would answer
equally well.
The Hon. Reuben Wood first suggested
this method tome, several years since,
and I have tested it myself, to a limited
extent. During the last summer I had
the satisfaction of seeing the successful
, result of it, on a more extended scale, at
\ lia j form n fr%\tf nnloo f?r? f 1I/???a1? _
Ill.l IUI III) U IV/TT 11J A IV/O I I Wl | J tlUHUtLarge
and healthy peach tree9 were standing
in his garden, that had remained exempt
from any attacks of the worm for a
number of years?during which time
they had been carefully surrounded cither
with Tansy or wormwood; at the same
time, other trees, in the same garden, and
very contiguous, left unprotected, were
rapidly declining, with their roots perforated
in all directions by the worm.
It is probably unnecessary to add, that
these means will act as a prevention
against the. insect, only while it is in the
winged state. The) will not affect the
larva or the pupa.
Nor will the Horticulturist expect them
to preserve his peach trees against attacks
of the yellows, the evil effects of a bad
soil, or the injurious impressions of extreme
cold weather while the wood is immature.
Jarhd P. Kirtlaxd.
Cincinnatii, Feb, 22d, 1841.
From the Western Farmer and Gardener.
Sweet Potatoes.
Neville Farm, Clermont Co., O.
Messrs. Hooper and Affleck: Gentlemen?Permit
me to suggest a few brief
! remarks on the subject of raising Sweet
{ Potatoes.
I It is the wish of some men, when they
i are in possession of any knowledge by
i which they Jexcel their neighbors in cultivating
any article of Marketing, to incline
to secrecy on the subject. Now,
my dear sirs, I am not only willing, but
oven anxious, that everv nerjon should
, be in possession of the best possible melh,
od of cultivating every article that is in
! general use.
i C*
I was for many years in the habit of
j raising high, peaked hills for my potatoes,
! and then flattening the tops, say tl or 8
inches in diameter?and then planting
from 3 to 5 pieces, or small roots in each
hill. The result was universally, if it
was seasonable, I bad an overflowing crop
of vines, and but few roots, and these
small. If the season was dry, I had but
few vines, and no roots. Last spring I
i determined to try again. Accordingly 1
1 boiight some seed potatoes in market in
! Cincinnatti, of an old gentleman, I think
his name was Durham, and he directed
with two pale yellow longitudinal lines, and a
tran*verso one behind, interrupted above, and a
spot of the same color, beneath the origin of the
wings: wings hyaline, mrvures and margin
! Nteobblue,?which is more dilated on the c?'S#al
I margin, and on lh? anastomosing band of the suI
p?rior wings: feet steel-blue, the coxae two binds
j on the tibiae including the spines, incisures of
; the posterior tarsi, and anterior tarsi behind, p Ic
j yellow; ab Ionian with two veny nirrow piloyel
j low Hands, 0110 ot wrncn 18 ncitr tne ease. anu
, the other on the middle: tail fringed, the fringe
! ?nr.r 'ined each sido with white.
! Ye male. Body very dark steel-blue, with a
j ting.; of purpl : antenae destitute of cilliae:pal.
I pi beneath, black: thorax inim iculate: superior
j wingsnl> el-blue, without any hyaline spot: infe.
| rior icings by ilino, with an opaque in rgm and
i longitudinal lin ; the latter and the co.tal margin
! aredi'atidj tergum with the fifth scgmjnt bright
! redilish.. fulvous.
j Yupa with two somifosciTe of jpine?i upon each
, J of the augments, excepting the t'irco tetminal
' ones, which liuvo a singlo row only.
Follicle brown, oblong-oval, composed ?f
small pieces of bark and earth, closely connected
together by the web of the animal. bay.
mm*
a 11 1341.
me how to manage?which was as fol- s
lows: Plough your ground deep, then i
harrow it well, so as to pulverise it; then t
furrow it off three feet apart, and then I ^
cross furrow it 3 feet 6 inches. These ! a
furrows form the margin of each hill;
then pulverise all the clods in each hill, t
and raise them up, say aDouc ten incnes, \ ^
leaving them perfectly flat on the top.? j
Put in one small potatoe, or apiece not
larger than your least finger, in the middle 1 j
of each hill; (and, said he, Durham, you
will have roots with but few tops,)
I followed his directions, and the result 1
was, I h*d more in a hill, and I think t
larger potatoes than I hod ever seen be- i
fore. Some of your readers will see this I
article whosaw my potatoes whilst grow- <
ing, and after I had dug them.
I am, respectfully, yours, i
t. daughters. } j
Our most successful growers of sweet! t
potatoes in this vicinity, who raise them i
for market, prepare their hills as Mr. r
Daughters describes, selecting a piece of |
new land, and preferring it of a light, rich,
sandy loam?but instead of a single piece
in a hill, they put their seed potatoes in a
hotbed about the middle or end of March, i
laying them carefully all over the surface j
of the bed, and covering them with two i
inches of rich earth, and thus forward <
them, so as to have fine, strong plants to ]
set out by the last week of April, or the |
first of May. They put one sprout in a i
hill, and get three crops from their lied. i
One bushel of good seed is considered
sufficient for an acre, containing 9ome i
4000 hills. By thus sprouting their seed,
they make it go farther; they have potatoes
ready for market two weeks earlier:
and they have a longer season for their
full crops to grow and ripen in, before
frost. t. a.
From the American Farmer (Baltimore.)
More of Hamilton's Sewing Machine.?As
no country stands in so much
need as ours of labor-saving machinery,
so none has given birth to as many inventions
for that purpose. Any one
looking into the Patent Office must be
struck with the vast disproportion in the
number of inventors of machines in the
North and in the South?the Yankees
beating all creation with their notions.
A gentleman who has had more to do
with sawing and selling timber than any
one we know, sent the following for pub.
lication, and if it had been at hand, we
should have added it to the other notices
of Sawing Mills which have recently been i
given to our readers. j
We saw a few days since, a friend from <
Alabama, who came up from Washing- '
ton, to look at our fellow-citizen, Page's '
Portable Saw Mill, and went back very (
highly pleased with that and with many
other inventions for which the tillers of [
the soil are indebted to Mr. Page.?We , j
regret the delay which has attended the .
publication of the following, coming from ,
the quarter that it docs.
Portable Saw Mill. !
New and Valuable Improvement.
This mill is about 0 feet high, 8 feet j
long, 4 feet wide, and weighs about 800
pounds. Two men can put the entire j
mill in a common ox-cart or two horse !
. i . t i
wagon, carry it jrom place to place, ana j
set it up in any part of the woods, or on i
any part of a farm, or in a barn.?
propelled by manual, horse, wai ter or J1
steam power, or two horse engine, being !'
sufficient to saw common sized logs; or it j'
can be propelled by means of a drum and !
band attached to the main shaft of any 1
ccmmon water mill; or two men can work
it with ease by means of cranks, and cut '
several hundred feet of white oak ship i
planks, boards or scantling in a day.?
(In ordinary pit-sawing a hundred feet
of ship plarik is considered a fair day's
work for two men.) It saws with facility
and accuracy the longest and largest
sized logs,which from their size and length
are rendered inconvenient and expensive
and often from their location, impracticable
to be hauled to a stationary saw mill.
To planters and farmers, and persons |
engaged in getting lumber, and especially i
to tobacco planters, this mill will be of very !
great advantage in sawing tobacco house .
frames, particularly for sawing tobacco
hogshead dwelling houses, out-houscs, j
&c., ^nd siding and heading, which may j
be sawed out of gum, sycamore, beach ina- j
pie, or any other tree large or stnall, of hut |
little value. A tobacco planter can have
one of these mills set up in his tobacco
Unml .? i r,.?/ raint'/lnvssnW' 11 II his I
IIUU1U UIIU til U lv? luioj II" j
bacoco hogshead staves and heading.
Three or four planters or farmers clubbing
in, and buying a mill for their joint
use, will bo saving, and cost each one
but a small sum.
This mill is tSie reverse of all other saw i
mills; the saw moves on a frame, and J
travels through the log, which lays still, ;
only raised a little above the ground, and (
is intirely disconnected with the mill;
! whereas, in the ordinary saw mills, the
f saw is stationary, and the log on its own
carriage travels through the saw.
The great and superior advantages of
| the portable saw mill, is the great saving
of power and labor. The machinery is
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NUMBER 02
limplcand notJiable to get out of order;
t can be transported with ease' from place
o place at pleasure. It can be operated
vith any kind of power, without materi.
d change in its parts. It will do away
ill kinds of pit sawing, and, as sotfd flftrks
isefulness and simplicity is generally
cDown, it is believed every large planter
ind farmer in the State of Maryland, will
lave one of these portable saw mills on
lis estate.
Mr. S. A. Newell says, *0neof these
>ortabie saw mills will cut from four to
ive thousand feet of lumber per day."?
See his advertisement published in "The
Vew York Democratic Press," dated 12th
>f November last.
Any person owning a Threshing Machne,
the horsepower of it can be used to
>ropoil the poptafrio sa v-mill to ad wanage.
Also any person owning a water
nill or tide mill, can have a portable saw
nill connected to them with verylittle exjerise.
*kn O P 'PnmnaMnnn A/lvnuala
A I Win 11 lly kj 1 Wlil^viauvv
Air. Editor,?In conformty to my pmnise,
at your request, I nonr take up fl>y
jcn, to contribute my mite toi that branch
four paper, devoted to the subject of Agriculture.
Although a subscriber to the
Farmers Register, and esteem it a valuablew
publication ; I am pleased to find your cotumns
opened (partially) for the same objeet,
and thus affording us a more convenient
channel, at home, for our commonications,
upon subjects of Agriculture.
There must necessarily exist such * difference
between farming at the North,
and in our State from our climate, an<?
more especially, as we must adopt a system
of farming, suited to the cultivation
of our Cotton crops ; that a distinct periodical
is indispensahle, for the advancement
cf Agricultural in our State. I am
persuaded that no subscriber to the Temperance
Advocate, can be displeased tit
the union of the two objects, and a maority
must be highly gratified; for many
of the subscribers to the Temperance Advocate,
contributed more to aid the cause
of temperance, than to receive any furthbr
light upon that subject. I propose io this
communication to call the attention of
Planters in South Carolina, to the cilltiffction
of Grasses ; more for the object of ft*
ceiving instruction, and to excite inquiry,
than to tench others upon that branch of
farming. For I confess that I have very
little experience upon that subject: yet I
have learned enough to be convinced, that
in the present situation of our State, it iit
i subject of deep interest to the Planter*
af South Caroliua. It is now generally
idmitted, that South Carolina must raise
ler own stock, or lay waste her lands aijd
ixpend a considerable part of her staple
irticle to purchase stock. To effect this
>bject profitably, or most successfully:
inn convinced, that we must enter largely
into the cultivation of perenial Grasses.
The lower country may, yet, hy proper
measures, effect the object by their canebrakes
and wood-rangc?but the middle
and upper country must now look altogether
to their fields for food for horses,
mules, cows and hogs. The root crop
may afford a considerable saving of grain
yet it may be a question, when we take
into consideration the amount of labor'
required to raise the root crop, and its ex-?
hausting effects upon our lands, whether
any saving is realized in the end. But a
more insurmountable objection to the root
crop is, that the labor required, unavoidably
com* sin the way of the cultivation or
gathering of the Cotton crop.
Root crops that require to he sowed iw
the siimmer or fall, (sucn as Turnips, ore. j
may atTord a saving of labor; but root
crops, which require cultivation in the
spring, arc out of the question, with a Cotton
Planter. From my experience, I
think the green rye as pasture, is far more
profitable to the Cotton Planter in raising
stock, than the root crop. But even the
time of seeding the rye crop annually, interferes
with the gathering of the cotton
crop. We therefore need a perennial'
grass, which will only require sowing
once for years to come ; and to answer the
purposcss of the Kentucky llwe-grass, as
food for horses, mules, cows, and hogs.
We may then raised all our stock, and
more cotton than we now. produce. This
is the very thing we now need, to redeem
our wasted lands, and by raising stock
and manuring, still increase the production
of our cotton. And now, I ask, why
will not the Kentucky bltu gran flourish
in our State ? Our climate is more favorable
to winter or early spring vegetation*
than more Northern latitudes. But it is
said, that our soil is not adapted to the
blue-grass ; that it requires a calcareous,
loamy soil, &c. So it was said of the
wire or joint grass, which will even growluxuriantly
upon sand hills, or clay hills,
upon dry land or in a branch of runningwater,
and even without soil, in the bottom
of a gully or ditch; and which our
Cotton Planters dread as their invincible
enemy. Notwithstanding, I Have not
only learned how to conquer jt; but con-,
sidcr it so valuable, that I am planting it
fcrhogs. This however, I will write
more about hereafter, and give a few frets ,
in evidence. The Kentucky bluc*gt49s
is the present subject of inquiry. Adijtinguished
Botamst, the Rev. M. A Cur- tis,
of N? Carolina, write# in the Farmsea
Register, iiig late number, that it gnma
spontaneously in many parts of NOftn -