Farmers' gazette, and Cheraw advertiser. (Cheraw, S.C.) 1839-1843, March 24, 1841, Image 1
* ? ; * - ' .?
C
*r/M TTTlfr VF
VUliUlTliJ ft.
By IV. MAC LEAK.
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Although there are parts of the follow.
" "* oro nnt nrlmiiml tn
lug aillVIVa TT IJIVU Ul V mm-WW wwmmwm^ wwwwm -v
southern husbandry, yet it may be read
with profit by an intelligent agriculturist
in any part of the country. The Society
for the improvement of Agriculture in
Massachnsetts had offered premiums for
^ the best managed farms in the State, and j
Mr. Moore obtained the first premium.?
The following answers are to queries put
to him as to the management of his farm.
We have not the questions, but the an.
swers suggest them:
The anetccrs of Abel Moore, of Concord
to the questions proposed by the Massachusetts
Society for the promotion of Agriculture.
1. My farm contains about 130 acres,
exclusive of Woodland.
2. The soil consist.- of sand, gravel,
peat and loam.
3. To reply in general terms, I consider
the best method of improving my
Jamls to consist in on interchange of soils;
ihat is to carry the peat and mud from
the low and wet land to the light upland, I
and in return, to carry the sandv ioain on 1
to-the peat land and bogs. The method j
I "haws uniform!) found to bo bcncficm'.;
Doth lands are benefitted by the exchange. <
Each seems to supply what the other !
Jacks. A few years ago i had in (he j i
midst of a piece o* mowing land, a sandv '
Knuti, urtrrvt^ built.il. l.OUlUIUIljg nwujl ?
half an acre.s This I covered with refuse $
poet, and sowed grass seed with rye.? [
The grass immediately took, and I have I I
had a good crop of grass on it for three i
years without manure. <
4. I till about 16 acres, and put from (
20 to 40 loads of compost manure on an \
acre, depending upon the kind of crop. <
5. My manure is usually applied in a i
compost, but sometimes for potatoes it is <
applied in a green state.
C. Sometimes I spread and sometimes I
I manure in the hill.
^ 7. I turn the sod over as flat as possible
and roll it down sraoth with a heavy roller,
then harrow it, spread on the manure
and harrow or plough it in lightly.
8. I mow from 5 to 6 acres of upland,
which yields about two tons of hay to an
mere. The great bulk of mv English hay
grows upon reclaimed peat or meadow
land, which 1 do not call upland.
9. None.
10. I mnnure all my English mowing
about once in three years. 1 put about
fan loads of compost manure, to an
acre. I seldom make use of any except j
compost manure, and ior the last four
years I have purchased none, hut made
it all on the place.
11. I mow from 25 to 30 acres ot low
meadow ian?i. part of wiiicu is .situated on
Concord river. The quality of the hay l
cut on this land is nearly one half of it j
swaii hay. which is very good and spends
well; the remainder is common meadow i
hay, some of which is of nn ordinary .
quality. The quantity of this hnv is about !
forty tons. The greater part of this swail j
hay grows on the meadows that I have
partially reclaimed, hut do not manure.
12. The belter to explain my answer
to !hit question, 1 must be permitted to
xttja word with reference to the situation
and former condition of my farm. It is
aituatedwbout half a mile east of the Concord
meeting house, on the great road
leading to Boston. Its extent on the
road is perhaps a quarter of a mile. On
* i
I he north side of the road it runs nacK
orer the hill from three quarters of a mile
to a mile. On the south side, with the
exception of about two acres, it embraces
all the piece of flat land lying between
the great road and the turnpike, and per.
haps 25 acres on the south side of the turn,
pike. The greater part of this land I pur-1
chased in 1825?6. After I had purcha- 1
sed, I found that I had on my hands a
iarge quantity of unproductive land, part '
of which would produce nothing, because
it was so wet and marshy, and the rest !
would produce nothing because it was so
dry and sandy. The land back of the
hill, where I now have some 30 acres or
more occasionally under cultivation, was
so much fun out, that it was hardly considered
worth cultivating, and a neighbor
who had the use of it for one year paid me
no rent, because it was not considered
worth any. It is true, that it sometimes
produced ttylQpkbemes, hut if the season
happened to jj>e dry, pyen these could not
be relied upon* The flats in front of the
CH?
i house, whore I now cut my English grass, | a
were composed of swamps covered with 2
bushes, miry bogs, and pond, holes, full a
of lily pads and flags, where the muskrats a
and bull frogs seemed.to hold undisputed t1
possesion,?while oil the higher land, the tl
' woodc'iucks made their burrows unmolis- p
ted. This is not mere fancy. I once set i r
an Irishman to clear up some bushes and
briars there, and he was actually d. iven I
, off by one of these a mnals. Between c
these bogs and the bill, there was a little w
strip of upland, whieh might have produ- h
! ced hav enough to keep a horse and cow,
(I do not thiok it did more,) and this I ver- p
! iiy believe constituted the most valuable ai
production of the Prescot Farm, as it was a
then called. p]
My first object was to render this land 1
productive; but how to do it was the ques- ai
tion. I had no works on the subject, and b<
all the information I could get wa9 what T
I could occasionally glean from the New S
England Farmer. One thing was evident, L
that the land must firstbe drained. There pi
was a grist mill in the centre of the
town, supplied by a stream that run e<
through the land. I exerted myself to j
get this mill discontinued and it finally |.
was discontinued. This however was in- 1sufficient
to drain the land. In 1827. I 1
commenced ditching it, and cut my T
ditches so low that the water would flow bi
back to the head of them, that is, I com- el
menced digging at the lowest part, and of
dug so low that the wafer would follow cr
along after. I take especial care to level of
and slope down the banks of my ditches, 2:
so that now the grass grows down to the ki
water's edge. This efllctcd the object er
so far as the draining was concerned, but
it oid not bring it into English grass.? th
a.- * i.?
i HIS >V?49 UIU IH'Al lillllg IU l?C rucvitUi
and to do it I have tried various methods, at
I thought that I might plant a crop of oa
corn and potatoes, and then lay it down cp
to grass; hut this did not work well, as g,
most of it was too miry to he ploughed, ar
and theg-ound even after bearing a crop \vl
would not become firm. I tried burning, of
but this did little good except rid me of cc
the bushes. Indeed, I once felt feaif.il of
that the fire would communicate to the
peat below and burn up the whole mead, gr
ow. , on
Convnient to this meadow '.here is a hill gr
composed of sandy loam. I carted on an
>01110 of this, manured it, and sowed
jrass seed. This answered the purpose nr.
?ether beyond my expect a I ions. This mi
>!an I have pursued ever since, and it now lar
>nc nrnu'n into a S\stclU with IHC. Mv till
- ~ .
vhole method consists in this. I first Ion
litch and drain the land, cut off the bush- m?
?s, and if they are large, pull them up by
he roots, and level it down, then spread yo
>n about 400 cart loads of sandy loam wi
ipon an acre, and 20 cart loads of m.
:ompost manure, harrow it well, and to
(mud''y in the month of S"pteinber ) sow
half a bushel of herds grass nnd half a 30
bushel red top. harrow again, and roll it 40
down smooth with a heavy roller. Should wl
the wild grass make its appearance, as it m
sometimes will, after five or six years, I co
turn it over after taking otf the crop, give
it a top dressing of about 20 loads ot com- sc
post manure to the acre, sow grass seed,
ha row and roll down as before. 'I have ca
one piece which has been reclaimed 12
years. I: has not been manured since it Fi
was first laid tlown. The wild grass has j Ju
not yet made its appearance, but it still
continues to bear as great a crop as ever.
ra
This land has been reclaimed at odd of
jobs, when mv men and teams could not of
do other work to advantage?some of it on
in foul weather, and much of it in the win- ok
ter. Indeed i was obliged to do much of an
it in the winter when the meadows were fu
frozen, on account of the mire. I verily ha
beiieve that the two first crops have, lit
in every instance, repaid the whole cost ed
and expense of reclaiming. (
I have now from 20 to 25 acres, which he
have thus been reclaimed, (not including
some 8 or 10 acres of swail hay, partially rn
reclaimed, as stated in my answer to th
question 11.) The success that I have ei
i
had may he judged ot by me vaiue 01 uu: pi
crops produced. Every year winoc this cz
land has been reclaimed, whether wet.or er
dry, it has produced an average not less th
than three tons of English hay to an ai
acre, which brings the highest market Ii
price. In 1838, at the request of Mr. tc
Col man the Agricultural Commissioner, ui
I weighed the first crop of hay on one. oi
acre of this land, and it weighed 7G10
lbs. About three acres of it during the le
present season, I have no doubt produced yi
five tons to the acre. It was mowed t|
twice, and the second crop was so large rr
that it was considerably lodged. One p;
other fact may be slated. A few years ic
ago I built a barn, 30 feet by 40', and
some of my neighbors laughed at me for s<
it, and said "it is a good barn, but what h
are you going to fill it with ?" That ham j
as Mr. Allen has seen, together with one ii
40 by 80 feet, which I have since built. ?
j as well as my others, aro now full, and 1
j shall soon have to build more, or else ti
j stop reclaiming peat meadows. This ?
! land during the present saason has produ- a
ced from 75 to 80 tons of good English.
I hay, and it certainly affords no little sot- c
i istaction to bo able to obtain such crops a
; from land which fifteen years ago produ- n
i ced nothing.
I 13. I have planted about 6 acres of corn f
during the present season. On 3 1-2 j
nmwmmwm
A. WEDNESDAY, HAH
#
31. I do not now, nor do I intend hereifter,
although I did last summer till the
attrr part of August.
. The above statement is as accurate as
! can make it, and I think tit nearly corect.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
ABEL MOORE.
fW OA 1CMO
m <?MWBMW
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RAW. SOUTHSAKOLIN
cres the soil very light, I spread from I
0 to 25 loads of compost manufe to the *
ere and harrowed it in. This produced 1
bout 30 bushels to the acre. On the
wo acres, which was better land, I put I
be snme quantity of manure per acre, t
art spread and part in the hill. This
rol iced at least 65 bushels of verv handsale
corn to the acre. On one half acre
rais id 40 bushels of the handsomest
orn I ever saw. It was the Brown corn,
'hich is the earliest and best corn that I
ave. The seed was not prepared. ^
14. I planted between 3 and 4 acres of
otatoes in one field. I have others
round the cornfields, but how many I 0
m not able to tell. They were all *
lanted in hills and manured in the bill. c
'hey were ploughed and hoed twice. I j
m not able to tell the quantity per acre, 1
nt I raised about 1500 bushels in all.? a
"he kinds were the Chenago, Long Red, '
t. Helena, Rohan, and some White. The 3
ong Reds and Rohans were the most c
roductive. *
15. The other vegetables that I plant- (
1 were F
2 an acr^of carrots which produced 450 bus]. '
4 4 4 sugar beets, 4 * 320 4 ?
10 4 4 mangel uortzel, 4 165 4 r
an aero of ruta bagns, 4 200 4 i
his same acre was planted with ruta r
igas last year and produced 1132 bush- v
s, which shows the utility of a rotation a
' crops, so far as this vegetable is con- v
Tned. In addition to the above, I have (
* turnips which grew in the cornfields n
25 b ishels, and 12 cart-loads of pump- a
ns, besides 22 bushels of onions and oth- P
garden vegetables. 1
These vegetables are mostly fed out to 11
0 cattle and swme. | u
16. I sowed three acres of barley, half 0
1 acre, of T? a wheat and one acre of ^
ts in the spring with grass seed. The ^
imtity is not yet ascertained, as the
ain has not yet been thrashed. One
id one third of an acre of buckwheat, ,c
liich produced 30 bushels. Two thirds ?
an acre of Indian wheat, which produ- 11
d 21 bushels. I used no lime with any ''
it, except the Tea wheat. ^
17. I have laid down 11-2 acres to sl
ass, sowed about the first of June with- a
t grain. I put half a bushel of herds
ass seed and half a bushel of red top to c
acre. ai
18. I make my manure from loam, peat vv
id and litter put into the hog styes and
rn yard. Part of my hog styes are sl
mure1 froni the rattle and horses in the ?
ge barn is dropped into them. When a
<en from the styes it is mixed up with .
mi and peat mud in heap9, where it re- 1
lins until wanted for use.
19. I keep 7 yoke of oxen, 13 cows, 4 H
ung cattle. 4 horses, and no sheep. 1 n
uter 33 head ofcattle, but in the sum- j
: r part of them are sent into the country j S
pasture. "
I have 4 harns ; one 30 feet square, cnc "
>-bv 40 feet, one 30 by 70 feet, and one c'
> by 80 feet, with a cellar under the c
io!e of it. In.this cellar are a part of 11
y pig styes and manure, which of c.
:rsc is covered.
20. My cows arc mostly native, though P
hi j arc a mixed breed. v
21. I am not in the habit of raising c
Ives. c
22. I have made GOO lbs. of butter.? *
oni the first of November io the first of w
ine, I sell my milk. I muke no cheese. a
23. I keep no sheep. , a
21. I keep from fit) to 75 swine. I
isc pigs to sell. I fatten about one ton
pork. My swine are marly all a cross ^
the Berkshire and Mackey. I hive
ic breeding sow of this breed, 7 rears
o j * p
J, which has raised 111 pigs in 11 liters ^
icl is now just ready to pig again. One
II blooded Mackey 4 years old, which ^
is raised 8 litters of from 8 to 10 at a jj
tor. My swine were originally obtain*
1 from E. Phinney, Esq., of Lexington.am
now about erecting a piggery with
lilers set, &c. }
- ?? r r?nA 1
iio. uuring me summer uiuuuia, * ^
y swine upon weeds, which are freely
rown into the pens, s'op from the kitchi,
skimmed milk (particularly for the e
gs ) boiled potatoes, apples, pumpkins, ^
mots and Indian meal, all boiled togeth. f
, 1 use the same kind of food to fatten
icm, with the exception that it is thicker j
id contains a greater proportion of maal.
occasionally, particularly when I wish ^
have them root and work over the manre
in their pens, throw them a few cars (
f corn.
2(3. From all my hog styes I take not
ss than 700 cartloads of manure per j
ear, p irt of which of course comes from t
le cattle and horses. The quantity of >
lanure made on tho place during the t
ist year, was not less than 1200 cart f
>ads. ^
27. I employ sometimes only two and j
imelimes eight hands on my farm. I (
avc paid during the past year fc/ou icr |
ncr, but it uas not all conrined to farm- j
ig?$200 should be deducted for other ,
rork. ,
28. I have 150 young engrafted apple (
rees and 50 old ones partly engrailed, ,
lostly with winter fruit. . Some of my
pples I boil up for the hogs.
29. I have 10 pear trees. 6 quince, 6
hcrrv, 0 crab apple, 8 plum, 10 peach
nd 1000 young trees of various sorts in a
mrsery.
30. My trees for several years have not
icen troubled by canker worms and not
it ail by borers.
w??
From the Farmers' Register.
CULTURE OF INDIAN CORN.
r<> the Editor of the Farmer*' Register.
Essex, Feb. 20th, 1841.
As the time of planting corn is near
it hand, I will venture again to offer you
l few more remarks on this most useful
if all the grains at present known to us.
Vnd this I will do, even affile risk of bong
dsemed by yourself and your readers,
is quite htbyhorsical on this subject. All,
believe, will agree that there is mnch
ret to be learned in regard to it; and that
:orn-growers, especially, should ever be
villing to encourage every inquiry, the
ibject of which is to ascertain, as far as
iracticable, what are its distinctive qualiies,
and what its proper cultqre. Of this
;rain we have already a considerable
lumber of varieties, and these are increasng
every year. It becomes, therefore,
nore and more important to determine
vhich of them all is intrinsically best, (if
iny be so ) in all the three particulars
vliich render one kind more valuable
han another; to wit: greater productive,
less per acre greater weight per bushel,
nd superior nutritive properties per
mind. None, I presume, will deny that
he variety which is found to possess the
lost of these three qualities, (if any does,)
i justly entitled to be preferred to all
tliers. So far, I believe, there is no difcrenco
of opinion among corn-growers,
lut when they come to decide between
he various kinds, we find almost as many
pinions as there are disputants. Opin)ns,
too, which, unfortunately, arc very
ften maintained?not with that calm,
ivestigating temper, which is indispensale
in the pursuit of truth?but with a
egrec of dogmatism, petulance, ami oh.
tinacy, that would be disgraceful even
mong squabbling children. Eaeh of
iese* wranglers has his favorite, whose
laims to superiority he often urges with
s much warmth and vehemence as he
ould use in a political party controversy;
Ithough he may not lie able to state a
ngle fair experiment Jh ,t he has nvor
nly one thing in which they can agree,
nd in which [ think I can prove that
icy are perfectly right. This is, the beef
that there is a great and radical difsrence
between the varieties in all the
ualities of productiveness, weight and
utrition.
There are, however, some few cornrowers,
I believe, who maintain, that
lere is no essential difference in the prouctiveness
of the different varieties of
orn: in other words, that if one kind is
vcr found to measure more than another,
le difference is ascribable to soil and
liinate, rather than to any innate qualiics
in the varieties themselves. Tosuport
this opinion I have searched, but in
ain, for the citation of even a single well
i i j : . l f
onuucica I'.xpcninunij miu 1 um mvicii/ic
om pel led to attribute the irraintainance
lereof to (hat fondness for odd notions
fhich some men seem to take a most unccountable
and singular pleasure in
vowing. To these may truly be applied
tie old rhyming couplet,
UA man convinced against his will,
Is of the same opinion still."
fone, therefore, of the following remarks
re designed for them; as it would he quite
rcsumptuous in me to attempt what so
inny better farmers than I am, have fail,
d to achieve. But believing, as I do,
hat a vast majority of us are both wilngand
anxious to learn from each other
whatever may increase our knowledge
fthe various things connected with our
rofession, 1 will proceed, for their sake,
o state my experience in regard to ten or
wclve different varieties of corn, with
/hich 1 have been busily engaged, for
ome years past, in making comparative
xperiments. All these kinds were in
itgh repute in the parts of the country
rom which they were procured; and the
esult of my various trials warrants me,
think, in asserting that there is an in
i".m " O
iatc difference between the lightest, and
he heaviest, a difference little if at all
ffected by soil and climate, of at least,
en pounds per bushel, making fifty lbs.
>er barrel! and an average difference in
uoJuctiveness per acre of not less than
iftecn per cent. This is not mere matter
>f opinion, but proved by actually weighng
and measuring the varieties compared
ogether. The lightest kind is the pure
;ourd-sceJ; the heaviest is the white and
yellow flint, which is cultivated chiefly in
he northern and eastern states, where
he large southern corn will not ripen be
fore frost. The most productive variety
ins proved to be the twin-corn, after i
trial of five years, during which time ii
was fairly compared, each yeur, with tw<
or three other popular kinds, until tin
whole number mentioned above had beer
subjected, to comparison. On each oc
casion there was no guess-worn, n<
strufcng off the ground, i;o conjeoturinj
the contents of cart-loads; hut the survey
ing tape, and the half-bushel were used ii
every ca.$, and the nurai of corn stalk
accurately counted. I had no pet.cor
among tl^m, but was anxious only
0'
,
UtHlIlcL
LCH 24, 1841.
cejtain the best, for profit's sake. As ail
i proof of this I will here state, that I am a(
still desirous to make a trial of every new
i variety I can hear of, and have the prom
ise of two or three for the cnmingspring.? b'
My own experience in regard to the supe- ^
rior productiveness of the twin-corn, 11
which weighs as much as any of our large 11
varieties, and is heavier than most of ^
them, is confirmed by several gentlemen
with whom I have corresponded on the
subject, in Maryland, and several differ- V
ent parts of my own State. .Moreover, I jB
have the authority of two reputable mil- w
lers for. saying that it produces more meal X
from an equal measure, than any kind, U1
out of several, with which they have yet 0|
compared it. The other advantages which m
I myself have ascertained that it posses- K
sea, are, that it may be planted about 6 inch. D|
closer each way; that it will ripen about C(
ten days or a fortninght earlier than any th
of the large varieties usually cultivated in
the tide-water part of Virginia; and having
a much smaller cob in proportion to the
grain, will measure more to the bulk. I 1
can speak only conjccturally in regard to '
the respective quantities of nutrition con- ai
tained in the different kinds of corn of ai
which I have made trials, having no ap- P1
paratus by which to analyze them. But f
if the nutritive properties in each variety in
depend on its weight, still the most pro- al
ductive per acre should be preferred for a sc
crop, unless the excess of nutrition in the
heavier kinds exceeds that in the lighter, ^
considerably more than the productiveness
of the latter surpasses that of the *1
former; for we should take into the ac- '
count the extra quantity of food for stock 0
yielded by the most productive kinds. a1
But some still think it most profitable
to cultivate the yellow varieties of corn, ,r
even adinittting they produce less, because *5
thev command from 3 to 5 cents more ^
per bushel, in the northern markets, than 01
the white. Now, if either of the white kinds
yields 15 per cent, more on an average, !*
than the yellow, (and I have proved by 1
several accurate trials, that the twin-corn
does so in our climate, over all with which tc
I have compared it,) then it is perfectly r*
, easy to demonstrate, that he who culti- ^
vates a crop of twin-corn will sell it for
more at the usual prices of the white kinds,
than he could get for a crop of yellow, *c
made on the same land, even if sold at 5
cents a bushel more. Suppose, for instance,
that an acre produces 20 bushels CI
udsnd, wouiu Dnng *ri;ax 00 ccmssra;
and at 85 cents $17. The same acre in tli
twin-corn would have produced 23 hush- Ji
els, .which at fifty cents would bring $11 u|
50;?at 60 cents $13 80; and at 80 cents al
$18 40 cents; the superior profit, in each m
case, being greater in proportion as the c<
price per bushel was higher. in
Another great mistake about yellow T
corn is the common notion, that it is tli
generally heavier than white. The weight, ft
however, of any kind depends not upon
its color, but its Jtihliness, of which quality ^
some of our white varieties have as much ^
as any of the yellow kinds that we cultivate,
and consequently are full as heavy. ^
Should any of your readers suppose that 'j.
I claim tor Indian corn a higher rank ^
among our various grains than it is justly ^
1 ?I will rr>nrlndf this ^Om- ?
I euiuiuu iu iiuiui a. ?
i munication by referring them, first, to the 541
j opinion of the late Professor Cooper of
South Carolina; and next to the recenl m
census of Eastern Virginia. The Profes- re
sor asserts in his 4 Emporium of Arts and c<
Sciences," (a very valuable work, now, I in
believe, out of print,) that i4it contains fc
| more nutritive matter than any other m
J grain." And then he proceeds to say, sc
j that 4'lhe greatest quantity of nutritive m
' matter, under the least weight, can be put d<
up in the form of bacon-fat, moderately as
I salted, to be eaten with "Tossamanonny" ai
which is an Indian name for "Indian corn gi
just ripe, parched to a light, chocolate or gi
brown color,and ground to a powder."?
The whole article is highly instructive and
interesting, especially as regards the econ1
and its effects unon the health
UIII^ l/l IVUU^ t
of both man and beast; but it is too long
to copy. e}
My reference to our late census will **
show a vast difference in the quantities of ^
the various grains which we cultivate, ?
and thereby affords a Still more conclusive
proof of the superior value of Indian corn,
when compared with any one, or the
whole of them. Here is the item to s
which I refer. "No. of bushels of wheat ^
4,825.851;?of barley 5,449;?-of oats ?.
, 7,649,592;?of rye 382,453;?of bucki
wheat 26,785;?and of Indian corn 21,- 1
756,87d." Even this statement, as large *
, as it may appear, falls short of the truth, 11
I for we are authorized to say, that "in sev- ^
eral of the counties, answers were altoI
gether refused to the questions relating to ^
i products."
! I remain, dear sir, yours, very sincerely, c
J AMES M. (jARNKTT. tl
r .
! N. B. From what I have said of the
I twin-corn, I shall hardly escape being sus- 8
3 pected by those who never themselves do ?
e any thing from disinterested motives, of
, seeking to Thorbornize them. But I c
. hereby notify them that I have none to 8
0 sell at any price. If, however, the peril- 3
(T sal of this letter should excite a wish in ^
t ary person to buy, I am almost sure they [
? can pr< cue what they want at reasonable
8 rates, from any one of the following indi- (
n viduals,?Mr. J. Gouldin of Caroline* Mr, J
j. f, Dorieaux of Essex, Dr, jBru^ton of
V*""" *7;
^ s.
i" ' i ?ft??
NUMBER 19.
wing-William, and Mr. Lewis Berkley**
sent in the same coun'v/
Jerusalem Artichokes. They must
e neatly peeled, and boiled very, gently'
y the side of the stove, with a little salt
i the water; when done, (but not focf
uch, or they will not look well) placef
lem on the dish, and serve with plain but;r,
or any other sauce you please.
Jerusalem Artichokes* to fricassee.?
/ash and scrape or pare them; boil them
i milk and water till they are Soft, which
ill be from a quarter to half an hour.?
ake them out and stew them a few minutes
in the following s*uce:-~RolI * hit ? r>.
r butter, the size of a walout, in At*#, * ***
ix it with half a pint of cream er mttk; "
sason it with pepper, salt, and grafed
iitmeg. They may be served plain boil1
with a little melted butter poured over
ieni.
Souk Krout. The best cabbage for
ii9 purpose is the drum or white Stras*
jrgh, and it should not be used till it
is endured some severe frost; the stocks
e then cut into halves, and shred down
) fine as possible witn a knife, or more
operly with a plane made in the form of
cucumber slice. Burn a little juniper
i a cask or tub which is perfectly sound
nd clean, and put a little leaven into the
iam round the bottom,?flour and vinetir
may be substituted for the leaven;
ten put in three or four handfuis of cab.
ige a good sprinkling of salt, and a teajoonful
of caraway seed, and press this
ird with a wooden mallet; next add an.
ther layer of cabbage, with salt and carivay
seed, as at first; and so on in the
ime manner until the cask be full, press,
ig down each layer firmly as you admee.
A good deal of water will cpmo
> the top, of which a part may be taken
F. The cask being full, put on the head
> as to press upon the cabbage, and place
in a warm cellar to ferment; when it
iis worked well for three weeks, take off
ie scum which will have gathesed on tbo
>p, and lay a clean cloth on the krout;
;place the head, and put t wot or three
fiavy stones upon it. The juice should
ways stand upon the top. Thus m a
x>d cellar it will keep for years. When
> be dressed, it is boifed for five or six
Dure in water, or stewed with a little
ravy, and may be also suhstituted far -?
ust over a beef-steak pic. wk?
Potatoes. Tnstead of drying them in
ie sun, "it were better," says the late
jdge Buel, "the sun should never shine
pon them." They should be housed with
1 the dirt that adheres to (boot, uullv
lore added; and kept covered fn a cool
sllar, in such a way that but as little at-ospherc
as possible will get tothem.?? *
heir surface should be kept moist, and
icy are never too cool when above the
eezing point.
Pahsxips and Carrots, According to
[cMahoo, should be put up in sand, or
hcrwise, so as to keep them as dry and
5 free from frost as possible. .They
iould be well dried before packing. Ill
iis latitude, parsnips are frequently suf.
tr\ in f Ivn rrrmin/l wk/tVD tKutl
ICU I" Oiuiiu 111 mv ?fw%*u?w m iiviv ?i?v^
rcw all winter, and the)' remain sound
id sweet. . o
A Corn ATeal Rusk.?Among the
lany delicacies in the form of bread, which;
tnder the employment of breakfast so ac-?ptable,
we know of none more deservig
than the one prepared according to the
illowing recipe. Take 6 cnpsfnl of corn
ieal, 4 of wheat dour, 2 cupsfulof molas.
fs and two table spoonsful of saUeratus,
ix the whole together and knead it into
lugh, then make two cakes; bake them.
i you would a pone, for three-fourths of
i hour, and you will have one of the moat
rateful descriptions of bread that ever
raced the table.?Farmer and Gardener,
From the Edgefield Avertiser.
BURN YOUR COTTON STALKS.
Dr. Editor,?I am one of those who'
dieve that is the indispensable duty of
rery man, especially those whocall them*
'Ives planters, to communicate to the
iblic, information no matter how trivial,
tat will in the smallest degree promote
le interest of the farmers generally,
here is no planter in the State, I venture
> say, who has paid that attention to his
trm that is obligatory, upon him, but can
ive valuable information upon almost very
subject connected with the cuitiva*
on of the soil. In view of the above obgation,
I have concluded to call the a'intion
of one fact, which perhaps will be
tore beneficial in cultivating a crop, tr an
ne would anticipate,from so small a matas
burning Cotton Stalks. The hard
imes, Mr. Editor, has caused me to re?
ect very seriously upon the failure of aother
cotton crbp. Should that be the
ruin must fall upon every class of
he community. Well, in order to enaIc
me, the more perfectly to succeed in
, crop of eotton, I set about to examine
very old stump tree dec., in my cotton
ield, to find out, if possible, what had be:ome
of the worm or catterpillar that w&?*
o very destructive to our cotton the last
rear. I proceeded to examine one by one
rery closely, but made no discovery, in
>ass?ing through the field with my knife in
tand, (as usual with farmers,) whittling
ivery little splinter, until I exhausted ev.
?ry thing in the shape of wood. I then
fell upon the cottw stalks, where, to my