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Me * * ft * a * -^= VOLUME VI. By M. MAC LEA>, Tbrms:?Published weekly at three dollar? a year; with an addition, when not paid within three months, of twenty per cent per annum. Two new subscribers may take the paper at fire dollars in advance; and ten at twenty. Four subscribers, not receiving their papers in town, may pay a year's subscription with ten dollars/*!) advance. A year's subscription always due in advance. Papers not discontinued to solvent subscribers in arrears. .Advertisements not exceeding 16 lines inserted or one dollar the first time, and fifty cents each ubsequont time. For insertions at intervals of two weeks 75 cents after the first, and a dollar if tho intervals are longer Payment due in advance for advertisements. When the number of insertioiifl is not rn.trkod on the copy, the advertisement will be inserted, and charged till ordered out. 13" The postage must b? paid on letters to the editor oa tiie business of the office. &&&?&&&% &&&?>* COMPARATIVE PROFITS OF SMALL AND LARGE FARMS. We have received from I). W. Grant, Esq., of Bloomfield. (Conn.) an estimate of the comparative expense, crops and profits of two farms, one of 20 and the olher^of 100 acres; the most material points of which \vii? be feund below. In the note which .accompanied the estimate, Mr. G. remarks. "1 commenced farmer 12 years ago, with 500 acres of improved land, on the old system of farming. As I have been unable to personally labor, I have been under the necessity of hiring all my labor done, and I found by cultivating middling lands, and sending men to a considerable distance to work, that the expenses absorbed the income. I began to change my mode of practice some years since, and sold oha half of my acres, and by improvi ,<t remaining half I have now the p'eiisu < ?< ?g them produce more than she .. r o^rly did ; audi have no do.ibt but : a* i con id sell one half I b\-t- and in liine. wit!) labor ilicli ciouslv applied, the remaining half prod. ;ce a- much as the whole does, and with j crrvafly increased profits. If vou wish, M s-r.--. FMitnrs. *o ??fo- our young men from gofrom 'h. old States to the West, advocate thesvsfem of small farms. On this depends on my opinion, the fu* tore weailli of the old Slates. There is no ncccssitv for emigration from the east j to the west for one hundred years, and j I have no doubt by diminishing the size J of our farms, and giving them a more 1 ' ^thorough and better cultivation, our wealth and population can be doubled in twenty years. Our Agricultural Society of Hartford County, have offered a premium for the best farm containing not less than twenty acres. If vou will examine the statements I send you, I think vou will agree with me Uiev are about "right." Mr. Grant, in his estimate supposes the capital invested in the two farms to he the ^ same, viz. 100 acres at S10 per acre, and 20 acres at $200 per acre, in both cases $4 000. His estimate of crops and their value on the 100 acres, is as follows: Twenty acres in mowing, (1 ton to the* aero, average produce of the land in Bloomfield.) worth to feed stock $7 per ton, 20 tons, $140 00 Ten acres corn, 30 bushels to to the acre, at 50 cts. 150 00 J Ten loads of corn stalks at $3 per load, 30 00 Three acres potatoes, 150 bu. per acre, 19 cts. 72 00 Seven acres of rye, 12 bu. per acre at 75 cts., 63 00 Ten acres of oats 20 bu. to the acre, at 33 cts., GO 00 The mowing and cultivated crops take up 50 acres of the farm, leaving 50 acres for pasturing, which will keep, and keep well. 1 yoke 4 of cattle, 7 cows and a horse, 10 at $d each, GO 00 Produce worth ro feed stock, $575 00 Mr. Grant's estimate of the oxpense of cultivating each of those crops is drawn up wiih great minuteness, and " a careful examination has convinced us with a close apprximanation to to the truth : but our limits oblige us to omit the items, and we only give the aggregate of the excuses, which, on the whole 100 acrei, amounts to 8454 80 Leaving a nett profit on the large farm of 8120 20 Statement of the produce and expenses of 20 acres of rich land : Four acres of mowing, 5 tons to the acre, at 2 cuttings ; 20 tons of hay, worth to feed to stock 87 per ton. 8140 00 Two acres of wheat. 00 bu. to the .v re, 81 r?or bu. 00 00 One acre of own, 90 bushels a7 (>0 cts. per bu. 45 00 Four loads of com stalks, $3 per load, 12 00 One acre of sugar beets, 800 bushels at 1 shilling per (J1IE1 bushel, 184 00 One acre of potatoes, 400 bu. at 1 shilling, per bu. 67 00 1 Half an acre of ruta bagn, 450 bushels, at 12 1-2 cents per bushel, 56 00 j Half an acre of carrots, 440 bushels, at 1 shilling per bushel, 73 67 The mowing and cultivated crops take up up 10 acres, leaving 10 acres for pasturage, which will keep, and ; keep well, 7 cows, a yoke of cattle, and a horse, 10 head, at $6 each, 60 00 Produce, worth to feed he stock, $647 67 As before, Mr. Grant's estimate of the expenses is made for each crop, but we omit them, with the exception of the corn, which we give as a specimen, and to show that he has not omitted or underrated any important point. Cost of cultivating an acre of corn: ( Carting and spreading 30 buck loads of manure, $6 00 i Plowing turf once, 2 00 , Harrow.ug thoroughly, 1 00 i Planting, 2 50 Hoeing throe times, 10 00 < Gathering, husking andshel- 1 ling, 8 00 1 i Labor in cultivating one acre - ' 1 of corn, 829 59 The aggregate of (he e\,wn. CD O I 0 scs on the 29 acre farm, ' including labor, seed, repair of fences, & ., is 8*200 14 j 1 Nctt profit on small lunn, 8441 53 ( To our western friends it may seem -s somewhat strange to see the product of 29 ? acres of grass put at 29 tons of hay, and r that as well as the other cropson the 100 * acres may appear to them underrated.? j To us, however, who remember the average crops of common farms in the New. '? England States, Mr Grant will seem very near the mark, and his estimate of { crop.': under ?he old system, a liberal one; c and we have seen no estimate which pla- s cos the results of good and had farming, ^ of applying capital to land, instead of c drawing it away from it, in a more for- i cible, and as a whole, indisputable man- ' ncr than Mr. Grant's. Those of our c readers who have the Genesee Farmer, or 1 the lust volume of the Cultivator, will see v that we have always been the strenuous 11 advocates of small farms, not so much ( for the reason that it would keep our . C A 1.1 1 ,A ' young men ironi going wesi, uui utxauv: we l>c!icve it would add most essentially to the profits of agriculture. The most a profitable part of every man's farm is his j garden, and Mr. Grant's 20 acres is hut j a garde.i on a large scale. t Albany Cultivator. From the Cultivator. CHOI* MLLAllDEAU?BILLARDEAV CAB- i BARE. r To the Editors of the Cultivator. j Gentlemen.?I have recently received 1 from the hands of a kind relative in Paris, ? a small parcel of the seed of a cabbage, * which if it answers the description given m ofitbythe individual who introduced its s culture in France, is destined to hold a 1 high rank not only in the horticultural but f the agricultural department, and should a it be adapted to our climate, will no doubt r iu time, become most axtensively cultivated, more especially for slock, sheep, &c.; f it is called the Ckou Biflardcau, and took ' its name from the individual to whom wc I are indebted for its origin. Accompany- r ing the package forwarded, was a letter r from Moiuieur d. flillardoau, which I ? have now before mo, who states that lie t sowed the seed in October, 1837, but c gives no account, of its origin. He thinks ( r O the spring, say the months of April and * Mny in this country, a preferable time * for sowing, describes the mode of culture, * &c. similar to that of other cabbages, 3 states the leaves to be five or six French f feet long, and the product in leaves in the f two years of its vegetation (it being bien- r nial,) to bo from 1,000 to 1,200 pounds to j( each plant. Thcv are represented by r him. to stand the winters of ibat climate, 1 and to furnish leaves in the coldest and most rigorous seasons. He draws a com- ( parison between thcin and the Chou Cava- 1 ? /"'I..... I*,,*//, nr/icnmprl In hp I hp I licit, til i. i?/i; i i.i it, |iivow...v- ?? ~- ...cow cabbage, a species of cabhage which < he says, is so extensively cultivated in y Britanny and Normandy, (famed for the ' superior quality of its milk and but fir,) 1 and concludes by affirming, that this new ( species possesses all the qualities appcr- 1 taining to the former, and its product to 1 be a hundred fold. Under the influence 1 of feelings arising from the impositions y so frequently attempted to be palmed on * the deserving but too credulous class of * agriculturists, I could not at first but look ( upon it as a humbug, and felt tempted to '< to exclaim with the Roman hard, uCredal Judeas apclla&c.; but from the respect- 1 ability of the source whence the package I -mm RAW. SOUTH-CAKOLIN was received, I shall for the present suspend my opinion, and having now about one hundred thriving plants up, look forward with intense interest to the result, which may tend to remove or confirm my previous incredulity. By a hasty calculation made by me, supposing the plants to be put out at the distance of fourteen I feet each way, if correct in his statement, i (taking .Monsieur Billardeau's lowest estimate of the weight of the leaves of a single plant,) an acre will yield about one hundred tons in weight in two years, or fifty tons per year. From the Farmers' Register. LIMING 0?f THE PENNSYLVANIA "BARRENS.M To the Editor of the Farmers' Register. U. S. Ship Levant, Jan. 9, 1841. I have been ordered to sea, and have broken up my farming establishment, and my object in writing this is to discontinue my subscription for the 4 Farmers' Register." I wish you full success in your publicspirited publication, and consider it honorable to Virginia that an agricultural paper, of so high a scientific cast, is supported as well as yours is. Your efforts to extend the use of marl and lime are beginning to be appreciated, and are operating upon the community to an extent of which you probably have no conception. While on this subject, I will mention a circumstance in another State, which has recently come to my knowledge. I am * native of York, in Pennsylvania, and ccollect, in my boyhood, hearing the 4 barrens" frequently spoken of. This was a large extent of sandy country, commencing about five miles from York, ind proverbial for poverty. The land was considered scarcely worth accepting j is a gift. A townsman, whom I met ai ew days ago, lolls me that they havo atcly taken to liming this section, and hat the value of it has in consequence suddenly started up to 8">0 per acre.? Vlanv of the farmers now prefer it to the ich hut heavy soils which it is surround}J, as they consider it less liable to suffer roni the summer droughts. York and Lancaster counties, you know, are contidercd the garden of Pennsylvania: and t is a circumstance worthy of note, that i sandy region in their midst is beginning o have such a value merely from the use if lime. In my last visit to York, I was surprised to find how much the limestone |uarrie.s in that neighborhood had incrcasid in value, and how rapidly the lime kilns n the neighborhood of the town have nultiplied, in consequence of the demand >f this article for agricultural use. .And his, it must he remembered, is in a region vhere farmers arc proverbially skilful, ind where they never throw away a cent in wild or useless schemes. If you think the above useful you arc at i iberty to publish it. Geo Joxes P. S. If any of your subscribers take deasure in a fine-looking poultry yard, i illow me to recommend the Pucks coun y (Pa.) fowls. They can bo purchased n Philadelphia?cost high; but are of cxraordinary size. saving manures lime. We have ma 1c as yet, small advances n the art of saving and compounding j nanures. There is little doubt that as i nuch valuable manure is now lost or j hrown away, through ignorance or ne- | jlect, as is used. The practice of renovating and enriching land by ploughing n green csops, or by inverting the old ! iward, is seldom practiced among us, alhough where this has been done, the efeels have surpassed the nrost sanguine nticipations. The introduction of bone nanurc and poudrette, is likewise recent; mt from their proved efficacy and the acility of their transportation, they are ikely to prove extraordinarily beneficial, n New Jersey, I have witnessed the most emrakable effects of a newly discovered narl, of an alkaline character, and of jreat efficacy. It has more than doubled he value of lands in the neighborhood >f the pits where it is found. The applination of one hundred bushels of this narl to land which under common cultivation would produce not more than 20 nishels of corn to the acre, causes it to i'ield 60 bushels, and wheat and clover in )ropor(ional abundance. Nor are its cfects transient, but it produces a premaient improvement of the soil, the duration >f which is not yet ascertained. In this espoct it differs most favorably from * i ishes and many otner manures, wnose ifficacy is continued seldom more than >ne or two years. At present this marl s delivered at the pits at seven cents per nishel, and might he delivered at many )f the ports of New Jersey at a small advance upon that price. The farmers of Long Island have for 3*00 rs been in the labil of purchasing for their wheat fields )ur leeched ashes at a cost of ten and welve cents per bushel. If these shrewd armors have then found an advantoge in mining to our ports after our drawn ashes, vhv may not we import marl from New Fersey,?a substance far more efficacious md more enduring in its effects than ashis. at even a less price than is paid for our ishes? In regard then to manures and the neans of enriching our lands in New Engand, there is no deficiency; but we are * (SSwtSIf A, WEDNESDAY, MA it greatly wanting throughout the State, ir frugality to save the vast amounts whicl are now wasted; in industry to collect the means around us; and in skill and labor ir preparing them for use. In soil climate and manures there is no impediment ir New England to a successful agriculture, Colman' Signs of a poor Farmer. He grazes his mowing land late in the Spring. Some of his cows are much past their prime. He neglects to keep the dung and ground from the sills of hu IttiiMinflrM- Hd on#l I 1 ?"U piauii* His ia.HU till it is exhausted before he thinks of m*. nuring. He keeps too much stock, and many of them are unruly. He has a place for nothing, and nothing in its place. Il he wants a gimblet, a chisel or a hammer, he cannot find it. He seldom does an\ thing in stormy weather, or in an even, ing. You will often perhaps hear of his being in the bar-room, talking of hard times. Although he has been on a piece of land twenty years, ask him for grafted apples, and he will tell you that he coulc not raise them, for he never had any luck His indolence and carelessness subject bin to many accidents. He loses cider foi want of a hoop; his plough breaks in hi: hurry to get in his seed in season, because it was not housed, and in harvest time when he is at work, on a distant part o his farm, the hogs break into his garden for want of a email repair in his fence He always feels in a hurry, yet in his bu sicst day he will stop and talk till he ha: wearied your patience. He is seldon neat in his person, and generally late a public worship. His children are late a school, and their books are torn and dirty He has no enterprise, and is sure to havi no money, or if he must have it, makes a great sacrifice to get it; and as he is slacl in his payments, and buys altogether 01 credit, he purchases every thing at a dea rate. You will see the smoke come on of his chimney long after daylight in win ter. His horse stable is not daily cleansed nor his horse curried. Boards, s!)ingles and clapboards aro to be seen off hi: buildings, month alter month, without be ing replaced, and his windows are full o rags, lie feeds his hogs and horsc9 witl whole grain. If the lambs die, or the woo comes off his sheap, he does not think i is for want of care or food. lie is gener ally a great borrower, and seldom return: the thing borrowed. He is a poor hus band, a poor father, a poor neighbor, i poor citizen, and a poor Christain. Exchange paper. Prkmiums on Farms. The Committee of the Massachusett! Society for promoting Agriculture hav< made the following award as publisher in the N. E. Farmer. First premium ot 8200 to Abel Moon of Concord.' Second premium of 8175 to Paoli Lo throp of South Hadley. The third premium of 8150 was dividei between Fitch Winchester of Southboro' and Win. Salisbury of Groton. The fourth premium of 8100 was di vidod between Zauheus Reed of West ford, and Roswcll Converse of New Braintree, iV. E. Far. infallible cure for kidney worm. To the Editors of the Western Farmei and Gardener. Cincinnati Dec. 18th 1840. The editor of the Southern Cultivator, in his paper of Nov. 33J ult. has furnished his readers with the following article. " KIDNEY WORM. " We have mentioned that on examining a hog affected with this disease) sc called) we found the spine injured, and the kidneys sound and free from worms. There appeared a round orifice through the spine?and finding no worms, we or first reflection, concluded that the minytenessof the insect and the hastiness of the examination had prevented oui finding it, though present. Subsequenl reflection, however, and the opinions oi professional gentlemen skilled in the knowledge of anatomical structure and defection, determine us to believe thai the injury to the spine was not occasioned by a worm, but was the result of disease or injury, accidental or constitutional, the cause of which is unexplained. Al all events, it is clear that when the diseesc has progressed thus far, there is no cure for it." Having dv voted considerable attention to the subject, the result both of my experience and reflection leads mc to a conclusion the reverse of the above men tioned editor's. So long as the swine in the northerr parts of Ohio, to which my experience was confined, had the range of extensive woodst and derived their sustenance in s great measure from acorns, hickory-nuu [ and beechnuts, they were frequently at j tacked with a paralysis of the posterioi extremities, which was usually attrihutec to (he effect of Kidney Worms, as the) were formed. This morhid conditior I made its approach by an unstableness o motion, and a rough and illconditionec appearance of the animal. If permittee to take its course, it ultimately producer extreme emaciation, and finally death. rttr> 2B? CH 1J, 1341. . i.? ! in mm i 1 i On making examinations in many b i such eases, I invariably found a oonside-! j] } rable number of worms, not as that editor : t* 1 would seem to suppose, in the orifice or a ? the spinal nerves, out contiguous tojthe u 1 Psoas torn uscle,and external to the periodi- <( ' cal membrane (the lining of the cavity ? of the abdomen.) Tncy were usually r) lodged in the cellular substance and fat, ti i and in some cases were so numerous as li t to occupy considerable portions of what l! ; is called the kiduey fat. Nor wcro they t| i minute, as we should infer from that auth- a I or, but were from one to two inches in tl length, and about the size of a common u ' darning needle. They appeared to be J extremely delicate and semi-trans-parcnt, n L a. iL - 1 J aL I exniuiung 10 me naKea eye, me convo:u- p | tions of their intestinal structure. I formerly tried various remedies to dc- 11 j stroy them, hut without success, till I was t| I at length informed, that a persevering 5 use of corn soaked in an alkaline solution, w 1 a weakly for instance, as a food for the li I swine, would correct the evjl. Anexten- % . c . tensive use of this remedy for many years, t| i enables me to say that it is infallible, if it ii r be exhibited before the animal has lost its o * appetite. a ' My neighbors as veil as myself, were * in the habit for many years, of feeding ' I our fattening hogs with this article, for a ' week or two before the time for butchering, in order to exterminate this trouble3 some intruder from the kidney fat. j In later years they have in a great me- v t asure disappeared; how these parasitic l t worms find their way into the animal sys- p . tern, or how in this instance, a solution of " 5 alkali can act so as to exterminate them, ' s we are wanting a hypothesis to explain. ^ < The fact that they do frequently exist i i and irritate the lumbar nerves of swine to r such an extent, as often to induce perfect J 1 paralysis, does not admit of a doubt. t * That paralysis is occasionally produced f ' by other cause*, as it probably was in the t '* instance alluded to by the editor of the Southern Cultivator, we are prepared [( p to believe. 1 Yours, j. r. kirti.and. j It affords us much pleasure, to lay Iks t fore our readers such a communication as . the above. Many good hogs are lost evs ery year from this disease, and lost too after they have reached such an age and i size, as to be tit inmates of the fa'teni.ig pen ; and the opinions a3 to the cause and cure, were various enough. Such a simple cure as this, pronounced infallible by our esteemed correspondent, leaves those, whoserswine seem to be affected j with kidney worm, no excuse for permitting them to be lost by it. We have heard it remarked by another medical gentleman of this vicinity,? who does also a little in the way of farming and who allows nothing of the kind 1 to escape hint?that it is rare to find dis, eased livers or lungs, in hogs of any of the improved breeds, and crosses from them i on our common swine?or to see one of - them suffering from kidney worm. This he ascribes in part to the better care taken of them, but more to their constitutions heing generally better, than those of the half starved-fur.generations, long-nosed r varmints, so uufortunalely common through the west. Since writing the above, we have seen > another article from the Southern CultiI vator, in the Kentucky Farmer?our Dec. number of the Cultivator not having yet reached us?wherein the editor of that paper advises his readers to terminate, at ) once, the existence of those hogs affected I as in kidney worm, as the only sensible - course to be taken as it will save farther s 1 trouble and expense ! 1 1 This we must say, is very inconsider ate advice?let our readors do no such ? 1 thing, but let them try the remedy given a above, and our word for it, their hogs will ' t get well. t. a. p r b From the Cultivator for June 1831. || i "the use of lime in agbicultuke." a | Bennington Vt. April 7 th, 1834. ^ ; "Sir?I saw it stated in your report to ^ the New-York State Agricultural Society. ^ ' that Dr. Win Darlington, of Penn. had n made a communication to the society on y ! the 'use of lime in agriculture.' b ' "lfit Iia9 been published, I would thank e you tosend it tome, if you can do it without s too great inconvenience. 1 find it h exceedingly difficult to obtain the necessary d informal ion upon this point; indeed all that I v 1 have, has been obtained from English pul l ca- s tions, not entirely suited to this country I am t! fully convinced that lime is as necessary upon i< f our lands, especially those which have been highly manured, as the manure itself, and if u 5 I Droparlv manufactured, will cost much I ss and ^ ' he more durable. I began with one or two l | loads per year, but increased the quantity each v 5 | year, and shall probably apply twenty loads the y j present season. "Excuse me if you please, for troubling you. r | I know of no other way to obtain the commuI location. M . Yours, &c. 1 "HAMILTON GAY. d "J P. Berkman. Cor. Scc'y. N. Y. S. A. * ' j Society. 8 I j The communication to which our corrcs. tl I 1 pondont refers in the foregoing letter, was a I published in the proceedings of the New-York 11 Stale Agricultural Society for 1833, and a? I it was printed at the expense of the society,! b .* I - . ' 4 NUMBER 18. -- ? ut a few hundred copiea were stricken oT|f ?r be use of its members. As extensive a circuition has not been given to the cornm imraion of Dr. Darlington, on the use of lune in griculture, as its intrinsic merits and the rants of the public require it being now caHed >r, we are happy in having an excuse for its B-pubhcation in the column? of the Cultivator, 3 diffuse it more, extensive'y, in hopes our , faders will avail themselves of the itifonnaion contained in it, to make a general use hf me as a manure. Lime, as an agent in fer? lization, has been, in this coun ry, comparavely but little used; all. however who have ried its p iwera, unite in ascribing to it a strong nd quickening influence on vegetation, and lie letter of Dr. Darlington will be the more 4 seful to the public, bccaue * he avails hnnse f s well of the experience of his prac'ical neighors, as his own, to treat of this su ject in a lost clear and satisfactory in inner. The ubhshers of the Cultivator would be pleaded a receive : jeir Vermont co respondent's fume observation, on tiie use of lime as a maure, should he be induced to give it a thorough rial; and thev will now add this general oh. ervation, that in those districts of country there it has been extensively, and for some me used, the per acre price of laud has been reatly, and we presume proportionately increased. Hereafter, we must again take up Ins suhjcct,j|be<-ausc it'is an extensive field for ivestigation, i>< which fanners, as weli as men f science are interes'ed, ai.d both will be most mply rewarded, rdiould any farther ligh's be licited on so important and useful a topic. jetterfrcm Dr. William Darlington, of Pennsylvania. on the use of Lime in Agriculture. Wcschester. (Penn.) Dec. 17,1$32. Dear Sir,?Your letter, containing a numier of queries rehrive to tlie operation and itiiity oflirne, in the pro. ess of agriculture, vas received in the early part of June last: Jut as I have boon mU' h < ngjged, during the last summer, will- duties winch required all nv attention,?and, as v<>ur letter intimated r * , hat answers furnished "any time during the x irescnt year" would bo in season for >o':r purK> es,?I have taken the liberty to postpone ny rep'y until now. 1 proceed then, wi'h great pleasure, to furlish you with such facts and remarks as my ipportunities for observation have enabled me ,o offer. W ith a view to render the answers noreexplicit and satisfactory. I will annex hem seratm, to your several inquiries. Query 1. 44U[nm u hu' lands docs lime ypcrate most beneficially,? I. In regard 0 geologicalformation ?as jirimtiive Irantilion, secondary and alluvial! 2, In reference to the soil,?as sand, day, lime, and vegetable nntterl 3. As indicated by nalura! growth of imberand plantsV' Answer. My residence has always been in 1 primitive region, and my o?ser annus very nuch limited to agricultural processes in soils jpon that formation. The prevailing rock lore is gneiss,?w ith occasio al beds, or1 pins >f hornblende, greenstone and seeinite. About ive mil"S to the north of us, is the grrai valley >f transi on I.m -tone, stretching fminnorth. ;a*t to southw si; and immediately on tlie tort hern side of tins vail-y. running parallel vith it is a brok<'U ridge of h lis. formed of mi. :a slate,?with beds of serpentine rock and lornbtende, on the side ne\t to the gneiss ock, on the southeast. (. t r the genius ock, and among the hornblende, the so;! is [Cneraily a stiff loam ; anl t i?re, I thin . t'm k'fi eticcts are percop i 1 rr<?:n * g o nq tanuyollime. (>ti the sod < v-Tlayiug th schtluiie rock, the good erf'e L of lone are suffiuently oblivious under the n>a ug. in ml **t kililul farmers; but the benefit b-ojh to be ess permanent. On the a.>ip>>rrine ro k the oil ib extremely sterile.? and neither lone nor larnyard manure can be used with much advantage. In the limestone so.I of the great alley, where one wool-! suppose it was a! ivfdy edundant lime is used with advantage; and nuch heavier dres.-mgs are put on, than ju he adjacent districts. I cannot furnish the at ion.tie nt this practice; tint I believe the fact 3 established, that more lime >s required to roduce the same leiieficial ffect nn soils r st. ag on limestone rock, than upon those over, tying gneis-,?and - eouio other primitive ocks. I have had no opportunity to witness the tfect of li ne upon secondary, and strictly al. jvial. formal ions; but the above < ircumstances as led me to suspect, that the same quantity f lime would not be -o signiatly beneficial in econdary, as it is certain pruni-time forma, ions. Lime, undoubtedly, has a good eflect in sods /Inch are sandy,?even where sand predomi. ales; but I behove its meliorating properties re most conspicuous in a clay soil,?or lather i a stiff Soain? A good proportion of decomposed v gotable matter adds greatly to tho eneficial efL-cts of lime; and hence our faivrs are desirous to mingle as much barnyard lancre as po>s ble with their hm ? dreeing*, nd to get the r fields into what is called a w?d sud, or t urf?full ot grass roo's. Then dressing of lime has an aihniiabie etfect.*? " he soils indicated by a natural growth ol i^ .- (miprrus tinctorial walnut, fiutdans >??,.. ....... ? _.f . . ? i^ra) and poplar, (linodendrou) ?and these in I'hit h such grass a as the pons and festucus est flourish, are generally most signally benfited by the us* otlirnj. In fhort, I may oberve, thar lime has been found more or lea* cnericial in every descripiion of soil in th a istrict. 11 is most aoon hiiy, or rolling land? t here ciay predominates,?less pe rmanently, o among the mi :a slate;?and least of all, on be magncsiun rocks. T;ie aoil on these last j rarely worth cultivating. Query II. " What quantity lime applied j the acre, upon (liferent soils, at a single Iressing, and during a period of years'!" Answer. The quaulity of lime, per acre, fhich can be used advantageously, varies t'ith the condition and original character of The yard manure it not usually mingled .:*u ti,*? i;.?? tnhonihA larter is first aDDhed. riVII illO iliur y fir UVII Maw -WW ?- , r __ ^he practice is; to lime the Idian corn ground rior to planting that grain on the inverted od,?and, the ensuing spring, to* manure the aioc field for a barley crop,?or, to reserve he manure until the succeeding autumn, and pply it to the wheat crop. It is not well setled which of these is th?* better practice.? Jach jias its advupates; hut it is most usual i) reserve manure for the wheat.