Farmers' gazette, and Cheraw advertiser. (Cheraw, S.C.) 1839-1843, March 03, 1841, Image 1
*
? gg ----VOLUME
VI
By M. MAC L?AX.
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ordered out.
07 The postage must be paid on letters to the
editor on the business of the office.
From the Boston Cultivator.
Faxxbxs' Mebting in tiie State
House.
On Thursday evening agreeably to adjournment
about three hundred farmers
had a very agreeable meeting and discoursed
on the subject of stock. The
Hon. Daniel P. King presided. Mr. Putnam
of Dan vers, who was chosen Secreta*
ry at a previous meeting, was in his place.
The Commissioner enumerated the
most noted breeds of neat stock raised in
our own country and adverted to some of
the English breeds. He spoke of our
Devons, or red cattle, of the Ayrshires
which are noted for their snail bones,
small horns, and long slender necks. He
considered the Yorkshire breed coarse and
not much improved?said the Holderness
breed came from Holland. He thought
the Hereford* were coming more into favor
in England than they have fomerly
been. He thought the short horn Durhams
not so good as some for milk. He
spoke of the Oakescow of Dan vers which
had given milk enough for 19 lbs. of butter
in a week, and had for several weeks
in succession given enough for 16 Ihs.
Col. Jaques, of Charlestown, gave us
quite an interesting and amusing account
of his select stock which he names the
Cream Pot breed. He said that in 1819,
admiring many points in the short horn
Durham breed, he thought he could find
some of our natives which would produce
a profitable cross?he examined the best
native stock in several parts of the country?at
length he found a cow, from Grotor?.
which suited him?she was considered
a native and had the marks of the Devons?she
had a calf by the noted imported
bull Celebs?from these two animals he
traces his stock of fifty head.
Col. jaques has been casting off ull the
individuals which did not suit him. and by
retaining those only which did, he says he
is now able "to breed to order." He has
4 A MA o + aaLt fin/4 Kft nrn/l
ITUIJ DUIIIC IIIJC SI'7VI\ mil! iiv ^/ivuuvvu
some of the cream which was gathered
the day before and he churned it to butter
in one minute in a bowl in presence of the
whole assembly. The cream was very
thick and there seemed to be no buttermilk
of any consequence to he separated
from the butter. Col. J. savs one hundred
pounds of cream will produce ninetyfive
pounds of butter. The Colonel has
undoubtedly got on the right track and
having pursued it for many years and kept
his favorites from intermixture with spurious
cattle thr< ugh several generations he
can now with great certainty foretell the
qualities of their progeny.
The Colonel spoke of the different
kinds of sheep which have been imported
?he has on good opinion of the Saxons?
thinks the M^rir.os best for woo! and the
South Pow??$ buffer for mutton. In regard
to horses bethought the prog r.v from
the cross o! the ra c hone ???d Normandy
breed ahapov one, aud that our
most serviceable aniunly are of that cast
?they unite swiftness with strength and
docility?the Morgan horse he considers
the most perfect sample of this breed. lie
said people had much improved their
breeds of swine of late, and that this could
be done with much ease and in a short
time compared with improvements in neat
stock.
Col. Jaqiies spoke particularly in favor
of the Ayrshire breed of cattle which Mr.
Cushing of Watertown has introduced on
his farm. He said Mr. Cushing had imported
and given away a large number of
these animals to different societies for the
benevolent purpose of improving the stock
of the country.
. Mr. Putnam of Danvers said he had this
week seen in Southboro, a cow of the
Cream Pot breed which would yield 15 1-2
pounds of butter per week?the color of
this cow did not suit Colonel Jaques and
he therefore sold her off.
Mr. Sheldon, of Wilmington, is well acquainted
with stock, and he knows how
cattle should be trained. He said, very
truly, we never need to use the whip in
case our cattle were properly broke in. In
the ox he liked a long, lean face?eyes
sharp but pleasant?a full bosom?straight
leg9?toes straight forward, wide, short
foot?a straight hack, not rising, and ribs
bowing out so wide that when he could
pass through a passage he need not strike
hips,
Mr. $beldon was for breaking horned
cattle and horses when they were quite
youngr?said there was not one horse in a
hundred would not draw before oxen
whep prqjjerly broken?said when a colt
dOJ
CHJ
was first put to the draft he should be le
toirords his stable and not from it.
Mr. Jones, of West Tisbury, thought
farmer's life a very pleasant one?he ha
resided in England and witnessed the irr
provcments there?he thought they coul
go but little farther in the stock line.Spoke
of Lord Coke's farm of 10,000 acre
?said he had not a sheep that would nc
weigh 150 pounds. They consider th
Soti'h Downs best for meat?but farmei
l raise much of the long wool for the facte
ries.
I - J: no,
I ne rueeiin?! was aujuuiucu iu ?v.i
Thursday. Subject?Stock and Uoc
Culture.
From tbe Cultivator.
means for the improvement of agr!
cflture.
We invite the attention of the readei
of the Cultivator to the following extracl
which we make from the letter of an em
nent individual, and one of the most inte
ligent and thoroughly practical farmers i
our country- The opinions of such me
on the subject of agriculture, and the be?
means of advancing it, deserve and wi
receive consideration :
" As to legislative aid, whenever farnr
ers"shall be convinced that it is for the
advancement and interest, whenever the
shall wake up to the importance of the
pursuit, and its intimate connection wit
the prosperity of their country, they wi
have it; their petitions will command in
mediate attention, and what ire are no
craving as a boon, they will require as the
right. But with all due deference to otl
ers, I would suggest that on this poii
we are premature ; we are in advance <
the times, and are trying to force on tt
farmer what he has not yet been taught 1
appreciate. With these views, I wonl
rather turn the attention of the Societ
to the more extended circulation of Agr
cultural Periodicals, as the great prcparJ
tive step to improvement; for myself,
feel it a great individual gain whenever
can induce a neighbor to subscribe to
periodical?he becomes to me a more ii
;n^u i nronf n ml vnliinhlp n<?<3rwMnfp?n;
IlliVIII^VU* ??MVB * Ml ?. ...... ^ .
I minds have been occupied with the sanr
J subjects, and are prepared to converse <
I them when we meet, and exchange o\
I. ?
views, opinions and experience, upoi
whatever has been presented to us.
also believe that occasional lectures ada|
ted particularly to the agricultural conr
munitv, and having in view certain prt
judices which might thus be overcome
would be of infinite service, and would g
far to convince them of the great advsn
j tage to be derived from reading. Th
moment the great body of agriculturis
consent to read they will become the mo:
intelligent portion of society, and I net
socrcely say, the most influential. Let tl
farmer reni) and he will soon undcrstar
what will mast conduce to his interest
and will learn how best to promote and si
cure them. I think then there will I
no difficulty in supporting an agricultur
school in various districts of the State, ar
I am strongly inclined to believe that the
O *
e i ii 1 a
would be more useiui man one large msi
tution as was formerly contemplated.
* *
" It may be said that these are subjec
for individual action. I am aware of i
and most sincerely do I hope that evei
j friend of agricultural improvement will:
! consider them, and if they view them as
do. that thev may be induced to act upc
them. There are those in every commui
munity, who by a small sacrifice of tin
and attention, and with a very trifling e
penditure in aid of the objects to be d*sire
may in a few years revolutionize the pr
j sent miserable state of agriculture arour
' them, an l thus become idenntifiad wi
the best interests and most enduring pro
perily of their neighborhood."
This appears to us to be sound doctrin
Make men intelligent, make them to u
.derstand tin-subjects that are of the mn
J consequence to them, place in their ham
i those works that relate to their busine
! and their interests, and they will soon a
! understandinglv and decisively. We b
lieve, and wc doubt not all well inform*
men will concur with us, that the mo
effectual means for the advancement
nnrrifnlfnr<? in this rountrv. and nlacii
| the farmer in the position which the genii
and institutions of the land allot to him,
the diffusion of agricultural knowledgeteaching
the farmer to reurl, and fhusdis
j husc his mind of the prejudice which st
lingers with so many, of the inutility
science, knowledge, and general lcaruin
in connecrion with agriculture.
It may easily he shown that there is r
single occupation or business in life, whe
extensive knowledge is more nccessai
than it is to a full understanding and pro
j er practice of agriculture. There is noi
! so intimately blended with all the impc
tant branches of the natural sciences i
this; none to which geology, chemistr
botany, and entomology, are such impc
| tant contributors and invaluable auxili
rie?. The earth, the air, are full ofinstrj
tion to the farmer ; the pebble, leaf insec
the composition and decomposition
i matter and its causes, arc all before hir
all constantly going on around him, all i
viting attention as part of the proeessc
he must produce if lie is a successful ci
tivator of the soil. He must read : and
| he feels the value of knowledge himsel
j he will be propprtionably anxious th
; those around him. bis neighboring farmc
1 his friends, should read also. A commit
I ...
ERAW, SOUTII-CAROLI
d ity of knowledge constitutes one of 1
I strongest ties that can bind society tege
a er ; whatever may be the topic, it is a bo
d ' of feeling and interest not easily brok
I. j or destroyed. An intelligent practi
d I man may change the whole Course of ag
- culture in a neighborhood, and give
:s impulse to its prosperity, which may <
>t dure long after the cause is forgott*
e We have seen a man go into a neiglib
s of farmers, respectable men, but who <
1 - * - i --Jir.iiii u A/
). uooa noi read, anujiun me uiu kuiuucu v.
tempt and aversion for .those who d
:t This man was a reader of agricultural ]
>t pers, and when an improvement was po
ted out that his good judgment show
was adapted to his means, his farm, or
circumstances, he adopted it at once#
t- improved his farm by draining his lan
and nearly doubling the ordinary crops,
*s skillful cropping and rotation. He i
ts proved his stock bv purchasing at gr
i- cost, superior animals to breed from. 1
1- neighbors at first called him a book farm
n and sneered at his management. T1
n soon found the luagh was on the wrc
*t side, and began to inquire the causes.
11 he could get a neighbor to read, his peri
icals were always at their service ; and
i- he met a brother farmer, some propr?it
ir was made or some inquiry started which
y was sure would lead to useful resu
ir Soon they found agricultural papers
h, cessary, and became subscribers the
II selves ;a na'gricultural paper has become
i- indispensable as a political one, and its
w rival is always looked for with interest f
ir pleasure. The prominent farmers of t
i- neighborhood are now readers: several <
I
it' erent publications are received ; and wl
if they meet, the comparative merits of
ie different modes of husbandry arc fre
to and intelligently discussed. We wo
Id wish to see such examples as this more :
y quently imitated. When they becc
i- ! common, it will be a proud day for Am
can agriculture. In such instances,
I trace the true secret of improvement,
I I although the looker on may at first sn
a at the reader he is sure eventually to i
a- tate, first the improvements he makes, i
ir lastly his course of reading. We asl<
ie then as a favor, of every friend toagri<
>f tnml improvement, to bring a knowlei
jr of farming periodicals to the notice of
n, i e:glibors?let them be induced to beet
I i subscribers?to read, to reflect on
)- means of improving their cultivation, j
) a point will be gained, which will affor
rational hopejof rapidity increasing i
a, permanent prosperity.?Cullicator,
fQ
' From the Western Far. and Gardenc
lc Hints for making a Manure.
As it is not in the power of small 1
st mers and gardeners to keep a suffici
!(1 number of animals to make a large qu
le tity of manure, (usually prepared in
id farm yard,) to form a source of wealtl
s, much nojrlocted in situations reallv
quiring these means, and difficult
)e obtain them, we will now give some
n' rections for the best substitute for I
purpose. First, then, dig a pit in a c
: venient part of the farm or garden pr<
i ises down to the clay, if there be any
a kind of tank or cistern near the ho
fs would be still better, and put a lavei
jt finely broken earth on the bottom,
rV which throw for some little time, sa
?o week, nil the suds, dirty water, and
11 other liquids from the hoti.se and farm t
>n can he collected,?the whole to be pr
n- erly mixed t-ogetlier with a shove!,
ic operator standing on the brink of the
x* or tank ; and afterwards a thin layei
earth, road scrapings or sods to prev
c" evaporation. In another week, or
J, often us possible, add another layer
finely broken earth, and other liqn
from all quarters, till your pit or cist
e is full and ready to be cleansed out,
n- give room fer another "making." VVI
lSt the material is thrown out of the pii
will he always necessary and prope
ss ! cover it over entirely with weeds or sr
ct ! kind of refuse, as straw, <fcc., but
e- more vegetable matter the bettor,
-d will be found, if this process be earncf
,s* persevered in, that a greater quantity
this kind of manure to produce fine cri
1o than is usual!v made from the farm y;
US "
. will not be necessary, and the good efic
will remain in the soil, and appear on
Tut urn prnnc R. ifc eh#\nl(l I to mn/lp
jji different parts of the surface of the h<
the liquid being alwiy immediately c
cred over. Lime in successive la)
would greatly add to the richness I
io value of the above compost, and lea
re from the woods might he added to it
ry casionally with great advantage. N
p- learned essayists, classical theorists, i
ie scientific exposers of modern terms r
,r* laugh at this simple plan of agriculti
as enrichment, but here is a matter on wli
-r' we may exercise nearly all our sense
>r" we can sec it, touch it, most certai
<1*
' " rmell it, and at any stage of the pro<
] we can readily hear it. But before c
0p eluding, we must observe, that differ
nt manures are adapted to different soils,;
n. different plants, and a long continua
;s, of the same manure to the same soi
il. i often injurious. We must here also
if! mark, that we have known manv farnr
I J
If, to draw manure at a dear rate, fi
at towns, who were allowing much liq
'r> manure, for want of a trifling arran
n" mcnt in the stables, viz: wooden gulti
NA, WEDNESDAY, MARC
;he to "Waste its sweetness in the desert air.''
th- E. J. H.
>nd ?
en To the Editors of the Western Farmer
and Gardener.
rJ1' MtimiUan Co., O., Nov. 26, 1840.
an GKNTLR5IEN;?A friend of mine related
in' tome, a few days since, the result of an
'n* experiment made in feeding hogs, which
may be interesting to your readers. He
)TU took fotir, of the common breed of hogs
y from his field, all as near the same age,
pAa size, and condition as possible; and after
i?. ascertaining what quantity of shelled
red corn each animal would eat per day,
his without waste?and which he found to be
He about 17 pounds?he weighed each hog
ds, an4 penned them two in a pen. To the
by one pair'he fed 34 pounds of shelled corn
im- per day, and to the other pair he gave 17
eat pounds of corn meal isade into mush.?
^'s At the expiration of four weeks, each
lfr' one was again carefully weighed, one of
Ie^ these fed on dry corn had gained but three
,rij^ three pounds?he was afterwards found to
be diseased?the other had gained 20
^ pounds. On weighing those which had
jon been fed upon half the quantity of corn
bhe ground into meal and made into mush,
Its. their increase was found to be, the one 23
ne- pounds and the other 28.
roDiilfa pnnvi nr>Ofl mo nf tVl#
' as economy of not only grinding or chopping
ar* but of cooking the food for all animals.
A sirnscsiBKR.
J.? We have long been convinced of this,
and have repeatedly urged its adoption,
and are pleased to see that the practice
i is already becoming common. In the
^ above experiment, besides the saving ir
frc. quantity consumed, the gain in the extru
>mc increase, of those fed on the cooked food
eri- was no small matter. It is evident, how
we ever, that the hogs themselves, must have
for been of a very ordinary breed?had thej
iecr been at all akin to "Oteco," a wcsteri
mi- Berkshire sow the increase in weight
md from a daily allowance of eigh
: !t and a half pounds of corn meal mus
would have been very different. Wi
saw a proof of the effect of even a 6ligh
18 cross of the improved breeds, in a lot o
the on ^irm ^m* Esq. o
an(j this county, which were pigged last April
d a and are now in the pen and in process o
lnj being fatted. They will weigh, we an
confident, at least 300 pounds nett, fr
the end of December ! They are onh
r* one fourth bred English Graziers. Whei
. so slight a tinge of good blood will d<
Iar" such wonders, is it not surprising tha
en our farmers do not all strain a point ti
improve their long-nosed, long-leggei
corn cnus. t. a.
i so
rcs Hop Growing.
I presume it is not generally known
Hi- that in various parts of Ohio and Indiana
his hops are grown to a very considerable ex
on- tent. I had a long conversation a fe?
jm- days ago, with a farmer from Riplei
f or county, Indiana, from whom I gleane<
use several very interesting particulars. Oi
r Gf taking a note of the number of acres cul
on tivated in this crop, amongst his neighbor
in Riuley and Dearborn counties, Indiana
^ j. I found them to amount, in oil to over 51
a acres! From onn acre to six, was th
extent of the different plantations h<
(,i)" named. Without entering into the ap
t,,r | proved practice of other states or othe
jht I countries, in their management of thi
' of j plant, I shall state, in &s few words as pos
cnt! sible, the outlines of the mode of cultun
i 7
as j there, with the hope thai some of thus
of gentlemen who have hop plantations, ii
lids the counties we have named, will extern
ern these outlines. May we look for such ai
article from Mr. Charles Perrine, or Mr
Thomas W. Clark, of Ripley co.? Wi
^ feel confident that neither of these gen
' tlcmen will hesitate in giving to th<
world, the particulars of their successfu
""e culture.
jc This plant is propagated by offsetts
II ii-KI/.k ?... ntnnin/t nut i r? Innri nmnPrlt
? illCII uiu 1'iaiuvu uuif >? iuiiu vuun
stly prepared, at distances proportioned to th<
' ?f richness of tlfe soil. They require ver;
Dps, careful cultivation; the first venr the^
ird, yield a light crop, generally sufficient t
sets pay the expense of planting, they are ii
the full bearing the third and fourth years; af
jn ter that a falling off?the plantation is re
?ap, ncwed after 6 or 7 years. Dogwood am
>ov_ Sassafras poles are used. In the end o
,ers August or early in September, the stem
are cut near the ground, and the poles ar
pulled up, to allow of the blossoms beinj
ACS picked off?they are hauled to one place
oc" where the picking is performed by womei
ow? and children; generally quite a merr;
and time?a real frolic. The hops are thei
? * ? i i ii
"?y placed in the drying house, wnere inu;
iral are dried by the use of chaicoal; on thi
lich part of the process, their value, in agrea
s? measure depends. After being properl;
nly dried, they are tramped in large suckt
?css ready for market. .
on. This year they arc very high and ea
ent ?er'y sought after by purchasers, the pric
and vary'nS from ^0 cts*to ^5 cts. as in qual
nce ity. It has been a poor year, owing t
, . the long time of wet weather we had
lis
when the plant was in blossom. VVher
re" the ground was dry the crop was never
icrs theless a good one?the land in that re
rom gion, being rather wet. Some five o
|u?d seven years ago, a farmer there clearei
ge- nearly $1,000, from the crop of a single
ers, acre! so states my informant. There i
m
If 3, 1841.
no doubt of* its being ?n extremely prodt- j i
able, though somew,^ expensive crop, <
and one, like silk, adm ibly adapted for i
the man with a small farm, and a large 1
family. As a proof, wo see it stated in a j
recent Indiana paper, that in four town- I
ships of one county, (Dearborn.) and part
of a fifth, that 9,676 lbs. of hops were <
raised this year for market, which, at 50 I
cts. per lb., amounts to $4,836. t. a. j
West. Far. <? Gar. <
? i
Imposition.
"We learn from a source entitled to full (
credit, that large numbers of part blood j
Berkshire hogs, have been taken from Le- ,
banon, Ohio, to Missourri, and the south, j
and there disposed of as thorough bred."
Ky. Farmer,
Is it possible that there are any such unprincipled
breeders about Lebanon? We
hope there may be some mistake, and we
call upon those, either there or elsewhere
in this neighborhood, who have any pre*
tensions to breeding fine hogs, to coma forward
and deny that they had any partici>
pation in such transactions.
We have our eye upon an individual in
this city, who is reported to make a busii
ness of buying up half breeds, both of
Berkshires and Durhams, and of taking
I them westward and disposing of them as
full breeds! The first time that we can
learn of such a shipment, we will take
| pains to inform ourselves of all the partic1
ulars and give them to the world. Though
We must say, that those who, from penuriousness
or a mistaken economy, pur?
chase hogs or cattle of any breed, as puret
? from any one but a well known and re*
sponsible breeder, and one who is not
t ashamed to have his stock brought before
i the public, deserves to be taken in. t. a.
l West. Far. dj' Gar.
Beet Roots?Butteh.
| To the Editor of the American Farmer:
Dear Sir,?Being possessed of a small
r dairy farm and a small herd of milch cows
1 (only 4) my attention for the last two
? years has been particularly called to their
* care. The want of experience in agricult
ture has led me to resort to the different
5 agricultural journals of the day for infort
mation, and from the perusal of them I
f have derived greut pleasure and satisfacf
tion, more particularly noticing those ar
tides referring to the dairy and dairy
j- farming. I have frequently been surprised
by the accounts of the great yield of
milk and butter from individual cows?
^ for instance, a short horn belonging to Mr.
^ Wolbert, Philadelphia, gives daily twen1
ty-seven quarts of rich milk upon ordinary
3 feed, from which 14 3-4 lbs. of butter
* were made in a week. A cow belonging
? to Mr. Gowan, of Germantown, gave an
1 averasre of more than twenty-eight quarts
O r w
of milk per day for a week.?And the interesting
accounts of the Rev. Mr. CoU
man, of Mass. of the cream pot breed.
I have no such instances to record, nli
though in comparing with the generality
of cattle around me, I stand pretty well,
r and although contented on reference to
/ my dairy account, yet I am not satisfied.
J But in order to improve and know the
i facts, I register the weekly churnings
from my four cows, and find from Janua.
9 ry, 1840, to January, 1841, they have
? produced me 56*2 lbs. of butter. I men.
5 tion it here in hopes some one may be
e induced to follow my example. Each
6 cow in my opinion ought to furnish 200
lbs. of butter in 12 months?and I shall
r not think I have profitable cows unless
3 they do it. By care and attention to
* their comfort and quality of food, my cows
B have improved, and as they are still young,
e ( think with the same attention they will
1 continue to do so, and eventually I shall
* obtain my limit*
n The object, however, of this communi'
cation is to elicit more particular infor.
e mation with regard to the effects of the
* beet root as an article of food to cows
e when the desideratum is butter. The
'I frequent laudatory communications I have
read as to its adaptation for cattle food,
'? ! has induced me to follow the crowd and
V cultivate both the mangoled wurtzel and
B sugar beet. During the winter of 1839,
V I fed from both kinds, and observed then,
'? after a weeks feeding, the effects upen the
0 cows and milk which I have repeatedly
.noticed since, and that is, (when con*
stantly fed with them an obvious decrease
* in the quantity of hotter, although the se<
d cretious of milk were frequently greater,
f and a powerful action upon the kidneys of
3 the cows.)
B These results so different from those
? assertions of more experienced farmers
than myself, hove led me, nevertheless, to
f* continue my observations from time to
y time, but with the same results?and I now
1 have come to the conclusion that where
y the object is the qauntity of butter, they
8 do not answer so well as cobmeal?but
t when milk or beef is the object, they are
Y all that is said of them.
'? My system of feeding when with beets,
was to give each cow a peck night and
* morning, filling the rack before her with
c clover hay?continuing it for sometimes
- two weeks and never less than one.
o Then I have changed to cut straw, mixIt
cd up with one peck of brown stuff to each
e cow, with hay in the rack night and morn
ing.
Then again I have tried a peck of beets
r with about two quarts of brown stuff
J sprinkled over them, night and morning,
b with hay as before.
s And lastly, I have given a quart of cob,
* p %
* ' <8
?''}
NUMBKR 16,
meal mixed with an half bushel of cut
;lover hay, or corn blades sufficiently
noistened, night and morning. This last
feed I think is preferable, besides having
?ood effects upon the flavor and color of
the butter.
The brown stuff above mentioned is an
affal of the millers?rather better than
liran, although not as good as ship stuff,
and costs me from thirteen to eighteen
cents per bushel. The cornmeal costs mo
a fip per bushel to grind.
Without entering into further detail or
enlarging upon the subject, 1 hope thd
facts here stated may attract the attention
of some one of your numerous correspondents,
who will communicate his experience
and opinion upon the subject,
keeping in view the article Butter.
Respectfully, yourobt. servt. F. H.
February 12,1841.
By "cfcbmeal" in the al>ove article, called
in another place "corn meal'* the writer
probably means the meal from the indian
corn and cobs ground together.
Fab. Gaz.
Fine Mutton.
AImnt the finest lot of sheeD we havo
ever seen, was exhibited on Tuesday last
by Messrs. Sterling Thomas and J. M,
Turner, and the mouth of many an epicure
tcatered when he thought of the deli- * <
cacy these* gentlemen had prepared for
their palates. The nett weight of eight
of these sheep is as follows:?167,106 1-2,
162,157,156. 1501-2,145,143 1-2?averaging
156 lbs. One imported ewe 137
1-2; one only a year old, 123 lbs. They
are all of the full bred Leicester, and were
raised by Major Philip Roy bold, of Newcastle
county, Delaware.
PaWnun e Sim.
From the Southern Cabinet.
on the culture of clover in tilm
southern states.
North Santce, Nor. 1, 1840.
Mr. Leg are,?
Dear Sir:?For the information of the
Southern Planters. I take the lilierty of
writing a few lines on the Subject of Red
Clover. My plantation is on the north
side of Santee River, within one mile of
Vanc'es ferry, the greater part of it is a
strong clay soil, and produces red clover
to perfection. I have seen red clover both
in Europe and the United States, and mine
the last season was as good as any I have
ever 9cen. I am tow fully satisfied thrtt
on any good clayey soil the red clover
will grow as well in South.Carolina as
r* ?r?L . i i
in IVentucKV orriurope. xne mnu mum
bo well broken up in the winter bv Good
Mouldbourd ploughs, and in February
sown down in small grain, oats or rv<v?
Early in March, the clover seed mint be
sown on the oats or rye, and rolled in at
j the rate of one bushel of red clover seed to
ten acres; the land must be well pulverised
by harrowing when the oats arc sown.
I use a box to sow the clover seed. In
the first place when my oats or rye is
sowed and harrowed well to make it fine
and smooth, I lay it off* with a double
plough in lands eight feet wide or water
furroughs. My seed box is made as follows:
it is six feet long, three inches wide,
three inches high on each side and divided
cd twelve divisions; in the centre of each
is a hole 11-4 inch large, having a piece
of tin on the bottom to let the seed pass
through, punched with small holes large
enough for the seed; and a leather strap
nailed to each end of the box to put round
the sower's neck. With this he can sow
i thirfv nr.rr?s nerdav. Bv sivitiff the box
V ~ " 1 - ? ' ~'. ' ? o r.;?
a shake as lie walks it will spread the seed
to each land and give a beautiful stand of
clover. A protecting crop of small grain
is necessary fo? clover in this hot climate. .
I sow broad cast over the oats and clover.
Four bushels of good oak or hickory ashes
to the acre. I would prefer lime if I had
it. I expect to sow next spring fifty notes
in oats and red clover. Iam fully convinced
that in all clayey soils, red clover
will do well, if pains are taken in prepare
ing the land as above described, and will
bring up our worn out fields better than
any thing else; will afford good pastures
for cattle for three years, and then if
ploughed in, will enrich the land for corn
and cotton. Clover seed can be brought
in the northern cities for from five to six
dollars per bushel. I am certain that I
will enrich my worn out lands by the red
clover system.
I remain, yours, respectfully,
Hugh McDonald.
to forward vegetables.
If you wish to produce early vegetables,
before the usual time, as, for instance,cucumbers,
melons, die., take a few large
nntntoes or common sized turning and
r # &
scoop out the inside with a knife or spoon,
and till the cavity with rich earth. In this;
deposit a few seeds, and place the potatoes
in sonic warm situation in the house.?
They will soon sprout and grow. By tfhr
time the season is advanced beyond the,
danger of frost, the potatoes, previous care
being taken to dig out the eyes, may' be>
set out in the open ground. The plants
will continue to grow without disturbance,
and the potatoes will soon rot and afford
nutriment for the plants, We have tried
this method often, with succes. The only
danger is, that if the plants stand long in
the house after they are up, and are placed
in a situation where it is considerably d?"
ker than it is out of doors, the stemy
C~ . - . ** *