University of South Carolina Libraries
? - wrwwrjn >i r 11. -c i irti first yoked they shouM fro confined in a close stable for a day or two, until they have learned that the gear will not hurt them. Thej in ly then hj pat bjiuicl a pair of gentle wten, and chained to them, trut not driven about till they have found that neither tlie chain nor t!fc; oxen are intended to injure them. When tliev have bji*onie familiarized to the chum ti id to the oxen, the whole team ui*y l>e th'iven aSoiit in the vard, hat without any hwif* At tlie next trial a carl, <?r a very snt.tW load on a sled, any Irj drawn by Ihrtn all. If thi3 proccsa i.: conducted in a judicious manner, i>?K a o!ow will he required to make tlwso young beasts ntove forward when required to,- and iit a Very s.iort tiiiio they will learn ta stop a! the word of Command. .hen tiio steers arc lirsl ptit forward as h aJers, ft ro;?e shonld lie attached to the horn of the nigh one, so that the p.iir shall f?<?t get a lfc*b:t of n?nnig of)'from the driver?after a few trial* i f the x.'rt rs /? tiv? never been rr/ry/W,- tV\ will never atle?3j*t to sheer olVand avrriil file driver?'Mh-v will soforl lent.* t-? come to him at tfie hock of his ibhving stick. C 28 DRAW Gt'^STTR. WEDNESDAY ri:ii. 21. 1*11. Jfu. Wiiium vn's ikwrmxi;?Wo, a da v or two ago, vi. ited the poi trail* taken by 3/r. Wight mut since he hay b ean in town. hiH feel no hesitation in saving ih.it wo h ive never seen so m.xnv together, which struck <nns being so correct, There w ?s"at least a dozen persons in the room an 1 the expression of admiration and surprise at the rem irkable resemblance of the portraits to f Ik; originals was general. Ti.e entire execution of the work seemed to us beautiful and well done. Wo might snv that M:. Wic.ui my ij a (/.iroluican ami a pupil of In via.\; bui bi-s work i-: a high r rccoinm n laiion. In Congress little is doit g, and liltl" win he done before adjournment, except to pass the appropriation bills. T..e Treasury note hill passed tho S ?nab? without amendment, as if left th" flouse. -Vr. Clay' s resolution to repeal *he sub treasury law wa;: ta!;<n up 01 the ID'h lair in the evening, when .V", Clav took the Door. Hut there being a try for a tjoun}. incnt he move 1 to adjou.-",and the ir?r? tioji prevailed. lie wa?, of course, rati, tied t?? tire floor the next day, but ju?-inked to speak only a tow minutes. latere is a resolution before? tire 5> :na1c ' of Jifaine, to appropriate 81,00'),000 fo? too defence of the >Jfate, and to call on the General Government to e.xp.l the Drill#!) forces from the disputed tcrritory. It is stated on good authority ibat (rr. IJ irrison has fixed ii|x?n the IV! wiig persons fo constitute his Cabine t. Mr. V/i;i:src.( of Mas:-. S ck tnry <.| Stale. M *. I'otxg of Ohio, St erf fary of the f|> J r asiirv. Mit. Bull of T"?in. S?cretarv of Wir. M'.{. 15 a of N. C. S -cp-larv of the Navy. Mm. Cimttexden of Ky. Attorney General. M t. Gk vxgsr of X. Y. r>st .Vntet G ;n? ral, .1/*. Leop.? \ (rue bill hn. Ikhmireturned hv the Grand Jury of Cock, port county N. V. against .l/ol?"o*l for funnier. in the Caroline affair, li s trial is evpccltd to take place in the foarii. week of March. .1/r. Editor: Please announce the following ticket for Council. For Intnnl'int,?l).\\i!? S. 'Iaki.lkc. For WunlitiSy?James \V. Bj.akexcy, A. Hoptox, F. TfRXKF, XV. A. MCCkkioiit. A Voter. A PIOl .NTMKVi'S. Of the preachers belonging to the South Carolina Conference of the M. K. C. at the late session in CatuJcit 0:1 t!ie 10th t. st. I'll VKLS3TOX DISTRICT. O II IAI I _ jjr^orv m i". LI KT. Charleston Bond English, I Lr.vcl!, J .San^, w .11 Wightman, Editor of the lapcr. Charleston Mitiion. T Hutchinson. Muck Steam}). II J Boyd. M Eadv, \Ya'< thorough. T. Iluggins; one lo be supplied. llarmreJ'. R J Lirnchousc. Orangebtirgk. A McCorquadale, A M Cheeshurgh. i'y press. II II Durant. Coottcr Rlcjr, A J Walker, T P TayJor. Missions. Hrayf^rt, T E Deadbottcr, W Pogues. l'o< o'a!i^v, A J Clreen. JJombahtu'. au'l As Jjrjtoo. T II Cob urn, AV li Clemming, Ronpon C Wilson. Sautre, Id E Ogbnrn. iVor/fc Snji'ec, I R Cook, Cooper Hirer, \ Nettles, \Y Capers, .Missionary SecqtUyy, C'OK K'lJt*zv, JMS^KIC I.. Tailv P Elder. Coke;jury, I II Wheeler, A M S',1^. J/iliirJiehl. f? W Kennedy J Tm;rau.., Aiken, XV Collier. Jlcieburry, C W Moore, T L Da nick Java-ens. Samuel Dun wood v. I'ninn, P (I Bowman. J. R Piekeff. mills Slat font, W P Morgan. IgjfSf-- 1. ' ' ' T?-- .J. - } fJrrrnvil'c Circuity J> L M. ? ' Smith. I>o.n t!ctony William a>n S nith. Saluitl, -I M ?i;umerm:tn. t'oi,nrii i Hf.-frtn-r, } H Spain 1* l']i;h:r. Cj'um'ne, Wail for.! S.niih. (VwV>/'*< (Urn/it, W <J Patterson. j Win<'j trough, i> (.? MclJaniel, C W ! : J Jar.* ics. j (.'<HttJcji \V ( Kii'klamf. #Vtinter, J \? .Welborn, \V S.llolton, , I J) (rJin?ion S./t'itt, foho su|T})ifO(k ihrlingfo.i Circuity L K 1/! j Kin?J. j Jta.icUs'c't'y W 'f Harrison. Missoxs. Brna l flircr, J Holmes, j IPii rm?. \V J Jackson, J Nipper# iVc M r, \V M Kurr. \\r; t.ni ><m?* I Jfrftficr. j H A C Walker P MMcr. Wih.iiitViloii, W A Gammy?!!. firunstcirk, I) W Seal, (' II PritchaiV. j rtw. a I M Bra !lev, I A Porter. ! Fayc'teWc. (' S Waiter, j 1 *ec Dec W S Metfwain. i li'nck River, L Scarborough, I? Cox. O'orgdo/rn, S Leard. Wuccam'tv, S Jo its. D J Sio?n7ons. I''tu !; Rii'i r an I Per Jhe Mission, 31 ' Robbin.;. U re t>n rr J A 31 rri'.k, J Bilia. ?SVimy'ti [f A M 33 illiiiMH. Cape [ray, J II Chandler. Cjikrynv Disrnxr. ! l) Derrick P Lldcr. ('herHT, A 31 Former. G R AVIV, W a.'h'tw J NVjif fn. 3y,ti>EcnoK'>!;oii J L Vatfer S 33' Dl;^ Centre, 3 IJ Fancy. J Richardson. 3f o.\n:o>iERV, C Saiith, A Bird. F>kcp River, 3V C Clark; L Little. Ro<;x!.n(;iia:i. A flovle. R'jcit Fish. J. P KT!O:I. LlNurET'JN l)l5Tit XT. 33* Cook P. Hlde'r. Cif arwt.tb S r *t:o\, C M-ircbr. on. Ckarixittk Circuit, B Hamilton. I,i J B A ntiionv. Lk.nojk C MrClomL 31orto vxro.X; .31 A Mclbben, A 3fe'- I M.tckin. K'.w;;s 3f jsrxr v?r. A Hucka'ca. Kptjil'RFUKV A 15 Mcllvary, C Cro- | -.veil S ijvnmev rv. o?AitrAN]o. ii?;:i S 3Y Cipcrr. ? | \'?)T?a, S Toivasend. Rsvd. C' llotwi, J C I'o.-tr II. a v.I I 3Y j (* AlcCall, located?S Afu>stroii? \vi trans- j ; S rrcd to Alabama ConfceiTciux and :ew| ' 3\i! *v?ro rai n u.t1 J. . CONGEKSS. . . . ; C ,i vrpo'jj c ire cf tlii.Journal of fi afnv irr. j \YKri't-iv,' Feb. n:iT. I '1 reamrf/ .Yo'e Hit'. The house pasvd a resolution tl?i> tnnrn- j n:; I hat the Treasury note bill be reported to the bouse at seven ?> dock, ibis evening. . Tiie r? solution wits ,o ivordeunsi" permit Mr. Wise's arnemhuml i<? be passed cn i bv the Committee. I; ;s tho;I'd)t M*. Who's nmonmnei*.' 1 f ! *viii be a 'opted by the assent of thn adminj :s(ration members, and .Mr. Y/i.-e insists j tint it v.-111 give the administration ample j means?viz. five.millions tVoni and after ; lie l:h of March, over and above all out- , 1. tandin/issues at tl at time. Seine lew few persist in the ns-ertiju that this Will I defeat the extra session tluMidi it has! i r l,v. t|1(. nin ,o;-iI V nc?:i iorm<ni\ . t . !of the whig members a .id tdlicially ani iiDiiuccd to the public. 7 At Tori/. lii the debate u:? (he Treasury note bill, i to-day, Mr. Johnson,of Maryland, made | f-onie remarks which ?.ive ruo to n ennj vernation ofscuu interest on thy Tin i!f question Mr. Johnron deprecated the disposition, which ho ssiid was manifested, on the part et his Southern friends, to excite alarm anmng tlieir constituents on tne subject of i the Tanlf. He alluded to the speeches of i Mr. Wise, Mr. liluck, and Mr. Alford. There \%as no foundation for these jealou. nesaiid alarms, for the Northern members j had avowed their intention to adhere to the Compromise. There seemed to he an : anxious desire on- the part of Southern j ; j lie til hers, to fan the flames of sectional discord, and to rake up the old expiring ! embers of party strife; for the cry of - .. iv 4 ? (v I,, r<> in the verv j Wiu,iaiii., "<?o fucc of the disclaimers positively made hv ! Mr. Cashing nnd others of any wish tare-1 vivo the protective tariff. ! Mr. A!ford, of (Ja. hej/jred leave to ex1 plain. These disclaimers laid not been | made here until after the Southern men ? had protested against a protective tariff, i In his own remarks, he had commented i ??n the declaration of Mr. Barnard, of Now York, that the North was entitled tosom*j protect ton. Mr. Johnson thought, he said, that Mr. j t 'ashing had given his views before Alj ford spoke. Mr. Cashing stated that this was said, ' bo', while up, he would heg leave to ex. ihiin wh.it he meant in usimr the term ' I"*** ? ? . compromise. lie had not alluded to any ; specific act or compact on the subject of the Tariff nor had he stated what ought , to he the construction of the compromise , act. What he said was that the peopta of ; Mass., he believed, were in favor of the i principle and policy of compromise, and averse to an extravagant protective tariff. S >1110 of the southern gentlemen laugh, ed at this explanation, and appeared to . consider it asjustifying Mr. AI ford's views. Mr. Johnson, then asked Mr. Cashing whether he intended this explanation as a qualification of what lie had before stated. {.Correspondence of the Charkstown Courier. W VSII1XOTON, I'S'I. 10. The PreJjtfent elect is at the. National hflotel, having been invited, on ti?" o; fix? city, to take lus rooms tlW?\ fl? dined, yesterday, with" qf tfortfitfilteeof citiy.ens, at (I a osry's i;i^ appeared very cheerfui a.nl h? ? iy. ? He will go to Charles city county on Friday, and remain (h ire tor some days. At o'clock, tin; day, he waitc 1 on the President <>i ihe United States, accompanied hv his suite. I learn that .Mr. Van l>rK'rt\ rcva ived him with the greatest kindness mid courtesy. This was the dav fixed for cmintfrig and cn declaring the votes for President and Vice President of the United Slates. Accordingly, a? t'S o'clock, the Senate, preceded by titcir ollicers, attended in the litwiseg the Vice President arrd the speaker presided, and 1l*r tellers viz: Messrs. Pkks fon of the Senate, and Cuainxo and Joxus of the House, proceeded to open, read, and record the certificates of the votes of the several Slates, beginning with Maine. The galleries were thronged with a very brilliant assemblage of ladies. The President of the Senate announced the vote, and declared mat William If.rxuv Harrison, of Ohio, was duly electcd President of the United States for four venrs, to commence on the dfli day of March next, mid that John Tvlsk, of Virgtn a, was elected Vice President. Previous to \1 o'clock, there was sonre bickering among I lie members ia regard o the negro sf *aliiig debate, ot the last l\v i davs, Messrs. Oidtlings, Alford, Thompson of S. C., and Mark A. Cooper iking part in it. The matter will be ta a :e:i up again to morrow. Several ;\orinrn men ar?? anxious to ruply to Messrs. >!;t? k an*I Cooper. I u iderstaiid tha* General H \aaisox is rt c in expressing his view* and opinions n public nti'.iirs, choice of cabinet ollicers, Ve. I? is not believed hero that he has fixed ii more than two members of his cabinet, i/.: Messrs. Webster and Crittenden.? The rest are in doubt still, though it iasnp>oscd that Mr. Kxving will probably be ruled either to the Treasury or the Post Of. ice. Wunrn (o haVo a gloomy spring in the :onimereial woild. Even the Bostoi fans ?egin In despond, their prospect* for a p>od spring business being darkened by into event.;. Ii seems probable that the spce.lv rail of Cong;-, s ; wilt he urged by all who are in favor of establishing a National Bank. The removal of the Bank of the United .Stales of Pennsylvania, and other like rubbidh. will no doubt f.i. ili'afc the establish, inci/t of a in w National Bank. Mr. Cl\y insists on on extra session, and .i v. iil umloubl-dly be rcwortc !o. Feb. 1U. ALKYAoPJiS :.Il L"rOI> A?.TD THE SlJv.WIT.O VT | r\R0Ll?iE. j ^vfr. Vickcn.-, from the Committee on Foreign Affairs, asked leave 10 make a 1 report from that committee in relation t? . the correspondence in tneen the GovernI menhs of the United Slates and Great i Britain in relation to the, destruction ol the steamboat Caroline during the trouh. C !r;ir\ln>ia in i|,r? u inter K'S Oil l.'!*5 v/.i.wm. of 1637-"*; us aisj in relation to the arrest and ii?r)ris?)f!f!i ml ot .ik-smiler McI."o-.l, a British syhjen*, for lief eg c<>.teemed in the destruction of the boat. Xo objection being made? Mr. Pi-It-.'::.* sent .a the report, as follow*.: ! Toe conimit'ee on Foreign A flair*, tn whom was refcrr i the Message of the O President, transmitting a correspondence i with the B:iiisl M nXt< ri.a relation to the i burning of the steamboat Caroline, anrl the demand mn 1;: for the liberation of Mr. 1 Alexander 3KI<C0'S respectfully report: I It appears thn* !:? rfiumbont "Caroline" was seized and destroyed in the ' month of December, 1607. TiiC committee are induced to believe that the facts of the case are as follows: The boat was owned by, and in possession of, a ; citizen of New York. She was cleared from the citvof Buffalo, and, on the morn. ling of the 29th of 1) comber, 18137, she j left the |>?>rt of Bulfilo, Ixmnd for Schlosi ser, upon the American side of the Niagara river, and within the territory of the i l-nited Slates. The original intention I ? seemed to he to run the bout between Bnf! falo and Schlosser, or perhaps from Black j Rock dam to Schlosser, and, should it j seem protilablo, it was intended to run i her also to Navy Island, ami touch at i Grand Island and Tonawandu. Herown| er was .Mr. Wells, said to be a respectable I citizen of Buffalo, and it is obvious his intention in putting up the boat was i one of speculation and profit entirely.? i The excitement upon that portion of the | frontier, at litis period, had collected a ; great many in the neighborhood, some I from curiosity, some from idleness, and ! jthers from taking an interest in the tin. ; usual and extraordinary collection of adI venturous men gathered together at that I time on Nuvv Island. Navv Island was i "nominally in the British "territory." ' "v ? I i 11U OWiKJl Ul Uiv; V/.iiUil.Jw luuil uu> Uli: tngc of circumstances to make sonic moi O j ncy with his boat, by running her as a j terry boat over to Navy Island. All these appear from testimony regularly taken, i (sec II. II. Doc. No. 3)2, pages 40 and j 00, 2 1 Session, 25th Congress,) and the committee know of no legal evidence to contradict them. There is no proof that any arms or munitions of war were carried in the boat, exeep', perhaps, one small six-pounder field piece belonging to a j passenger. The principal object was to j run the boat as a ferry boat from Schlos. ! scr, on the American side, to Navy Is. j iand, on the Hrisish side. 'It is believed j that, ctrii in war, a neutral Pnuvf hu*tht r'~hl ! > trade ::: 1 r.ftieD*, l ** j v. J at Chut tirnn to extend ton portion of their 'onn territory, and which recommends ps If to ns, full as much from its assumption its from its love of right or law. The British Minister is pleasealso, to cull the C.iro'inc a "piratical oleum, boat.*' The loos; epithets of any one, no ! matter how high in place, cannot make | that piracy which the law of nations do?3 not recognise as such. Pirates arc freebooters, enemies of the human race; and eminent jurists doscrihe them as rav\ aging cverv sea and coas% with no flag | a n> ? 7 z* ; and no home. Piracy conies under the j concurrent jurisdiction of all nations.? ' i Even in the worst point of view that it ' j can he considered, those connected with ! the steamboat Caroline were aiders and .1 alicttors of others engaged in rebellion.? j R R j And t!ie committee are totally at a loss to know upon what authority rebellion is recognised us piracy. Such confounding of terms is resting the case upon opiihel>, in1 : stead of sound law or facts. But even sup1 j poking it to be a ' piratical boat," as the 1 J/iilister asserts it to be,yet the moment j ii touched our soil it fall under our snvorj cihriJty, and no power en earth t:o xlrl right I fm.-y invade it. ,j TI>Ci? '<3 no doctrine more curisrcra'ed ' ? 1..1. i.- 111!i it tliiil p vr>ri' !>11111;i u tii r<mo ? " j being who f ?uchei>'the soil of Gn at I'm it. . ain id immediately covered by British j law*. Suppose one of her vessels won; cut from the banks of the Thames and burnt by Frenchmen, and British citizen; were; assassinated at night, and the French , Minister were to avow thut thev ucled ; under the orders of his Government, arid I that the vessel was "piratical." and the j citizens murdered were outlaws?then there is not an Englishman whose heart would not beat high to avenge the wrong, and vindicate the rights of his country.? Tho law there is the law here. And there is no international law consistent with ! the separate independence oi i?.atior?s, that | sanctions the pursuit of even pinJns to ; to murder and arson ovee tho soil and jurisdiction of one of the Statos of this Confederacy. No greater wrong can he | done to a country than invasion of soil.?' If it can he done with impunity at one ' point, and on one occasion, it can be done ; at another, and the nation that submits I i to it finally sinks down into drivelling imbecility. If a representation of the state of things at Sclosser, and the con! duet of those who had control of the Caroline, had first been inside to the pro1 per authorities of New York, or of the i I C!t??I lion IlioiirAitld (in vo Knon I u llllwli UUUV.l. IIIV1I tllblU HWUIU IIU> v vwv? j some show at least of respect for our sov! ereigntv and independence, and a dispo. sition to treat us as an equal. But in this case, as if to treat our authorities with contempt, there was no preliminary do. mand or representation made. It was hoped that the outrage was perpetrated by a party in sudden heat and excitement, upon their own responsibility. Hut the British 3/lnister now avows Ibat 4 the act was the public act of persons obeying the constitnted authorities of Iter Majesty's Province," and again affirms that "it was a public act of persons in her I Majesty's service, obeying the orders of their superior authorities." If this had been the first and only point of collision with Great Britain, it might not have excited such interest; but there ' is an assumption in most of our intercourse ' with that great Power, revolting to the pride and spirit of independence in a free 1 people. If it be her desire to preserve peace her true policy would be to do jus. . tice, and show that courtesy to equals | which she has always demanded from J ' 71*1 _ ? . .W. ! w d.% .,/.f .1. JLM I'O til . ouier*. 1 in*- i'ouiiiiim-i" ?i?? nut. press visivs on tfiis part of the subject, par j jecf, of course, to seizure and- confiscation j | if taken jvithin the jurisdiction- of cither j of the contending parties.* What is con- j t riband of war is not alwnvs certain.? * t ; Treaty stipulations frequently include : | some articles, and exclude others recognised irr lac law of nations. Trading in 1 contraband articles is no excuse for inva- j idiog the territory and soil of a neutral ; and independent Power, whose private citizens may choose to run the hazards of such a trade. In this instance there were j no two foreign Power* engaged in war; but all concerned in the outbreak or ex- i icitcraent within the British jurisdiction claimed to be British subjects, in resist, j anceof the authorities of Canada, a pro- j i vince of the British empire. Even ad- i mitting, then, that the Caroline was en. i 'gaged ill contraband trade, yet it was with citizens who claimed to he subjects : of the name empire with those who were styled fbc legitimate officers of llie Pro. vince. Abstractly speaking, how was a private citizen to decide who wore right and w ho wrong in these local disputes? And which portion of citizens of the same province must our citizens refuse to have I anv communication with? But the fx>at / % j was merely used for oive day as a terry ; boat, and on the night of the day she commenced running she was seized, while moored at the wharfSchlosscr,and burnt. | Several men were assassinated; certainly i one who fell dead upon the dock. Now, I the insinuation of the British Minister j thatSchlosscr was "nominally" within the I territory of the United Stales miv well he retorted, ns we can with equal truth say that Navy Island was'' nominally"! within the "territory"of the British Gov eminent; at the period to wh:e!i we allude, ; the people collected there had as cfi'cc- ( -| tually defied Canada authorities as any f portion of our people had d sregirded'our.-. I Viw Rritkh authority thought proper to I -~v - ^ - pass by Navy island, then in its "nominal" territory, and, in the plenitude of its power, to cast the a?gis of British jurisj diction over American .'oi1. This was I truly extending over its that kind gnnri ?i t?^Kiit vt'!,Ir'li thnv hail not the ah. itv j1 ficiilavh* as ? demand has been mode' hy tl otir Uovornnient upon the (lovernment of gi I Great Britain lor explanation as to the outrage committed the answer to which, it tl is hoji-jd, witf prove"siUisiiictorv. a . As to the otifcp pMirts presented in the w demand made hy tiie British 3/mister for the 'liberation" of A foamier AftLcotf, the committee believe the facts of tirt? case to he, that the steamboat was seized' a'rwl- \'sl burnt as stated before, and that a citizen or citizens of New York were mntderod ! in theal'ray. And there were reasons to u induce the belief tliat J/cI*eod was parti- <] ; ceps criininis. He was at first arrested, tl j and upon variru* testimony being taken, l> I was then discharged. He was afterwards a I , v j f i C i arrested a second tunc. Lpon the evi- ^ i dencc then presented, he was imprisoned ! to await his trial. There was no invasion xv i of British territory to seize or take him.? e I But, upon liis being voluntarily within our territory, he was arrested as any citi- ^ /.on of of the United States, charged with ' t-. i i iw.?? IV.. u a sini.iar tmeiico, iingm muc. ?. %, know of no law of nations that would ex- ? empt a man from arrest and imprisonment 'l ! for ollhnres charged to l>e committed e i against the "peace and dignity'* of a 1 * ' State, bacauso he hu subject af Great 1 t! Shiiuiu, or bccnirse be committed the ii crime at the instigation or under tint an- o ! i ..... . I i Ihorily of British Piovincial ollicers; much ! 0 less do we know of any law that w ould } r, justify the President to deliver him up S( without trial, at the demand, and upon the j assertion us to facts, of any agent of the i () 1 British Goveremcnt. | a If we had been at open war with Great t ! Britain, and J/eLcod hud committed the j ' ojf'-mi.s charged, then be might have t ! fallen under the rules and regulations of | _ O var, and been treated as a |>risoner of the : ^ | LTnit?d Statis Government, and would t ' have been .subject to the laws <-T nations in j war. Put as the all-g u! criminal acts, in (| I which .lfch od is charged to he implicated, I t j were committed in profound peace, it is a j ( ! crime, as far as he may he concerned, 1 s | solelv against the* peace and dignity" ol j | the Slate of New York arid her criminal j ^ , jurisdiction is complete and exclusive. It J r i the crimes committed he such aV to make j a limn hoil'i hmnnni gram?an outlaw? j a pirate, in the legal acceptation of the j I term, then under the law of nations, the ; , I Gnited .S ates courts and tribunals would J | j have jurisdiction. I>'*t the oft'ence char- j gad in tbiscne,committed as it was in j j j time of peac, as far as this individual , , j was concerned, was one purely against th^ . , i.nini:i'r nvclil'S'lodv WltillO the \ j f r ?#/ I VI f) illiu w.?v . f i criminal juris lietion of the tribunals of!. | N :w York. ' < ' The in his letter of the 10th 1: ! D.ceniber, IP 10, say.?: j ' : il It is quite notorious that J/r. JfeLeoJ j' ?a-> not one of the parly engaged i:i tlie I destruction of ilit- Steamboat Caroline: and ( ' that the pretended charge mm which Ik- ' | has been im;>! is?>D''.l rests only ii|>o ? the , i per jured testimony of certain Canadians, j outlaws, and their abettors." <kc. This j j u?.iy, perchance, alt ho so; hut it won! I : I lie ashinga great deal to require an Amor- ' ; ic?i:i eo il l to yicM jurisdiction, and sur- ! j render up a prisoner charged with otK-nccs against tin* law, upon the mere ipse <lixil . of an\ man. no matter how high in an- ! , I * CI , tho. ily. Whether .l/cLeod he' guilty or i not guilty, is the very point uj/on which an American jury alone have aright to : decide. Jurisrfirliun in Si/ilc tribunal-* over criminal ru.ye.s-, awl trial Inj a jury j , of lib' rvnwy are essential points in Amor- I | ican jurisprudence. And it is a total i , misapprehension as to the nature of our J i system to suppose that there is any right i in the Federal Ivvecntivc to arrest the vordiet of the one, or thwart the jurisdiction j <?: the other. If such a pr.wer existed, 1 j and exercised, it would cffctuallv j j overthrow, and upon a vital point, the scp- j I urate sovereignly and independence of! | these States. The J'V'lcrul Executive might bo clothed with po'Ver to deliver up i fugitives from justice fur ofltv"*# commit- j led against it lurf i.rn S ate, hutb.'^j <hcu j , il might not be obligatory to do so ui'tos i it were made matter of treaty stipulation. ' ; This duty an.I right in an Kxocuiivo has j j generally been considered as dormant, I | unit! made binding by treaty arrange. I | lnCiit. /'lit when the matter is reversed, i ami demur.d in made, not of fugitives from ;, justice for ottered committed against ai , foreign Power, but for the liberation ot a| ; man charged with offruces against the ; peace and dignity of one of O'tr own ( States, then it is thai the demand becomes i ! preposterous in the extreme. The i'actj that Cm clFencos wcro committed under J' 1 - - i ; ! the sanction ot provincial uumumiv.-, , docs not alter the ease, unless wo were in J j a state of war. In such casus as tho pre- :' ' sent the power to deliver up could not he i{ conferred upon the Federal Executive by treaty stipulation. It could only he cot:-, t'errcd in those cases over which jnrisdic-! i tinn is clearly delegated by the Federal j ! Constitution ; such, for instance, as treat*. ', j on which is an oflciico against the con- J joined sovereignty of the States, as defined i i in the Consti'ufion. Over all cases ex- j ccpt those defined in the Constitution, and j < I those coining clearly under the laws of | nations, the Slates have exclusive jurs-1 , diction and tho trial and punishment for | olfenccs against them arc incident to their! I separate sovereignty. It is not pretend ; crl in this case that there is unv treaty stipulation under which the demand is made ; and the Federal Executive, under our system, has no power hut what is cor. j J fcrrod hy the Constitution, or hy sj)ecial j I law of Congress. In the former, it is do-1 clared that " the Executive power is ves; ted in a President of the United States," j and that power is then to he pointed out j j and defined by special laws passed from ; time to time j iiiipo^i ti?j such duties as are' iought propbr and cxpcdieht1 by Confess. Your commit too deem it dangerctft'lor d ic Executive to exorcise any power over subject-mutter not conferred by treaty * I * by law y and to exercise it in any cane 1 conflict \\?i<?b'Skate jurisdiction, would ^ 2 worse than* dangerous 5- it wotrfd be it- 1 irpation.%.\i your committee ftrlicar N> pres^ lose pr*M? further at present,* and they ould not have sflkias rwicb on such clear ues(ions ef inlematfioiHfrl low/hut that iiw us case the demand for liberation hat* een made hy the accredited agewt of tfi rent Power, and under' ciromnstanessrdtf ecu)iar aggravation and excitement,We have other points of difference ith Great Britain, which add interest to* very question that arises between w at? resent. Neither our 'Northeastern or iorlhwestcrn houndares are yet settled ith her, and the subject is not ntirelv free from difficulty. She as recently seized onr vessels and xercised a power involving the rigid of ?a>rhf under the pretext of suppressing ic fore gnslave {nidc,(wUich, f >ersevpred 1, will sweep our coiuniet'Cfc from the coast f Africa, and which is incompatible with ur rights asa nuritinie power. She has L'ccntlv, in lier intercourse with us, reFuL?d indemnity and denied our rights tv ropcrtv, 011 a .subject-matter vital to near ue half the Slates of tlirs Confederacy, nd which, considering her military posiion at Bermuda and her growing, power n the West Indies, is of the last iinpor. ance to our national indcjiendcncc. All tlicsesn'ijects Hiakc every question ictween m*#at this peculiar juncture, of lie deepest interest. _ , Besides this, we are both permanently ? lestined to liuvc, perhaps, tire most exclusive commerce of modern nations. ) ir flags float side by side, over every en,and bay, and miet oftlte known globe. Site moves steadily upon her objects v i t i> an ambit ion that knows no bounds; intl wherever site has had a conflict of incrcst she Iras rarely yielded toanv Tower. At this moment she present* tot be civlized world the .spectacle of the greatest nililary and commercial powsr in corq>ination ever known. From her vast possession in every qttarr.r of the globe, and her peculiar comnieroal svstom she has !>een made the reservoir of h w dth of natio: s. II -r internal rewurees,skil',labor,and nacliiuerv, wit' her capita', arc beyond ; denial ion. Her nature I po i io.i being jhout n.i !way the coast of Europe, given li ?r great control over the outlc'sand currents of commerce. II -r militnrv oc-cupation of Gibraltar, M ilfa, the Ionian Islands, and recently erf ?. Joan (i'Aere, gives hef nwenfaff 'V Oft lite Modi terniyea'i and the Levant, while St. Helena and the ('ape of Goo I Hops. tiv(( her possession over the curreals ot trade n!<>ug those extensive coasts. I hen Bombay. Calcutta, imd her immense posMissions in the Ka^t Indies together with lier recent movements' hi the China 90as ;ind Islands, enable her to extend herpowor over thorn? vast regions that have slumbored for ages in solitary and enervated magnificence. Mho possesses Falkland Island but to control the commerce that . . _ m? ? a passes around Cape Horn, while "mninaa gives her ail alio desires in the Caribbean * _ son. //r'ij'ix at onr and Brruuuht at mn hrr, stand out in great forev over ^ our own coast from one extremity to. the other. Ifnr positions all orer the world arc at this moment, in n military point of viewf equal to a million of men uwfar arms. Her continual conflicts in tiic mighty regions of the Bast only enable her officers to br come skillhi ami to iinjjrove in the art of war, while her great armies and extensive fleets draw their support from the immense countries seized and occupied.? In the present juncture of atluirs, no statesman can overlook these things. Si cam newer has recently brought us so near to? ^efher l.hat, in the event ot any future ^ ' ? ' ?' r?4ism!& it/a 11 KA nrti. colll*. ^ '^v/f i? hi w |/i veipitateb ii)) v< us with uiuch mere rapUi* ty than fomer.'v. Avarice and ambition ar>? the ruling pas. sions of modem limes, and it is in vain to shut our cyesto the state of things around us. It remains to bo seen what effect steam power is to have upon changing and modifying the whole art of defence and war. It may ho a great engine for again levelling mankind* and reducing every fhi:?pf to a contest of mere physical force. In ii?ai event it might be difficult to con. jecture witf* system of national defence will stand ilic W of time and oxperi. once.. *Tn, We have a deep in ponoo, and fondly hope the repose oJ ?-be world will not bo disturbed. We have.certainly not the least desire for any rupture, firm, ness, and a wise prcpartinn, will long Reserve us from such a catastrophe, finl while no temptation should ever prompt us to do injustice on the one hand, to no consideration, on the other hand, should ever induce us to submit to permanent wrong from any Power on earth, no matter what the con sequences mav be. * Vrtiir rnmmittoo would conclude by OX pressing a firm belief that all our points of difficulty may ho honorably ana Rftyj, cably adjusted, and that harmony t^y long be preserved by both Government^ pursuing a liboral and generous poliey, congenial to the interests and feelings of both People, and compatible with the spirit and gonius of an enlightened ago, Mr. Pickens moved that the report he laid 011 the table, and printed. Mr. Everett suggested the propriety of collecting and printing together, in one jia 'plilct, a!! the documents upon the subject.