scriptktti under otif Constitution could make 1
fight tt-oUhi be no longer a disputed question, 1
but he also signed the Harbor bill of 1839, con- 1
taining appropriations for the improvement of
navigation, for in the interior of the country.
In 1819, Gen. Harrison voted for a resolution
in the Ohio legislature, which contained a re- 1
commendation, that the surplus in (he treasury
should be employed in the internal Improvement
of the country, by roads and r.anah^ and
in the support and encouragement of Domestic
^Manufactures." in a letter to Sherod Williams
in 1836, he says, that no money should be
taken from the Treasury of the U. S. to he expended
on Internal) inprovements but for those
that are strictly national." His limitation of
the expenditures of the public money to such
objects as are national, evidently proceeds not
from constitutional objections, but upon grounds
of expediency. In the same letter, he speaks
of the jealousies which have been followed by
expenditures for such objects, and alludes to
thcin as an additional reason for distributing
the surplus revenue among the States, so that
w each State may have the means of accomplishing
its own 6che.no of Internal Improvements."
Thus we see, although Gen. Harrison has a?
i'- t - _ o li: r T.ff
voweu nimsen 10 oe a ivepuoncan 01 uie jvuersonian
School, denying to the General Goveminent
the exercise of any power but wlut is
expressly given to it by the constitution, or
what is essentially necessary to carry the powers
expressly given into effect; he has been
somewhat latr.udinarian in the objects for
which he would distribute- or appropriate the
surplus re venue. Is*. Under certain restrictions
to colonization and emancipation. 2d.
For Internal Improvements by the States.
And tfJ. In 1819, voted in the Ohio Legislature
for a resolution recommending its appropriation
to the Internal Improvement of the country by
mads and canals and for the encouragement
of Domestic Manufactures.
1 have given you, geut.cman, somewhat in
detail, an o Aline of the most important facts
and circumstances in my possession, to form
an opinion of the views of the Presidential candidates
upon questions of general politics of
most importance to our inrerests, and to form
a conclusion from the measures which they
have advocated, I have no hesitation in say-'
ing, that they both entertain opinions which I
tlkinlr o ro ktrrliln aki?t/ih/inftklA o rwl Ia 1
fiiniv\ aig ii'ginjr uuj^i iii'iiai/irt anu w? w mvii i
presume that you will not subscribe. But
South-Carolina will not as in the two last presidential
elections stock her arms upon neutral
ground, and it is necessary for us to decide
which we prefer J It is a grave and important
question, and let us turn in any direction, we
meet difficulties. On one hand is the sub-treasury
with the specie clause?a measure that i
forms the principal ground both of Mr. Van
Bureu'8 popularity, and unpopularity in this
State, and to whJch you know that I am opposed.
Why then it may be asked, do I not at
once decide against Mr. Van Buren ? If this
was tiie only question involved I would do
so. But if General Herrison is elected, and
the Whigs get into power, there is danger of
a National Bank, and between it and the sub
treasury, there is at least this difference. If
found to operate prejudicially to the great in
terra or trie country, uie suu treasury may at \
any dine be repealed. A National Bank must not i
only continue for tlie term of its charter, but ;
with great resources at command, would not .
improbably become so indtntified with the j
commerce of the country, as to render it ex- (
cerdingly difficult to refuse to its rechartcr.? t
Do you not all recollect the convulsions which i
preceeded the expiring agonies of the late c
u monster," when by a rapid curtailment of its r
circulation, it endeavoured for a time to pro-* I
duce such an effect upon the public mind, as i
would not only compel a restoration of the pub- (
lie depositee, which it assumed to claim as <
a right, but a renewal of its charter ? It is a *
high eulogy on the virtue .and intelligence of 1
the people, that in the alarm that was indus- 1
triously raised of an impending commercial 1
and political crisis, they remained true to the
constitution and to the country. Sliould
the party by which General Harrison ^
is supported, get into power, there is also dan- c
ger of the introduction of latitudinarian doc- t
trinrs, which the South, destined as she is to a c
permanent minority, should sedulously guard a
against, * liich would in a great measure sub- r
stilute the discretion of Congress, for our glor- c
ious constitution, and might produce a general c
revival of tliuse obnoxious measures, which but *
lately not only produced the most bitter sec- }
tic nal animosities, but even endangered the !
existence of tlie union. To General Harrison 1
individually, I do not know that the objections '
are very prominent when compared with Mr.
VanBuren. Indeed if we take into review r
their whole political lives, there are reasons $
why a southern inan should prefer him. But, a
notwithstanding the pure political orthodoxy t
of mc?t of his southern, and of some of his w< ?" a
tern friends, I am as I have before intimated,
afraid of the high toned federalism of the great 1
mass of the party by which he is supported. fl
Some however, even of his northern friends, 1
say that so far as the tariff is concerned, they J!
will adhere to the compromise which the South
ha? sanctioned, that there will be no National ^
Bank, till the South demands it?and that they r
wish to see political abolitionism buried in a t
grave from which there shall be no resursec- c
tion. uut aomn mat tney are sincere, can
thev, when the barriers of the constitution,
which are only to be preserved by a strict constrict
ion of the powers of the government, are
broken down, resist the clamorous importunities
of their constituents to vwte for measures
which they beli* ve to be for their best inter*
ests. Or is it wise in us, under such circum6i
ances. to unite with a party for whom we can
entertain but little sympathy, in breaking down
the Democratic party of the non.slave holding
States. A party whose more limited views in
relation to the powers of Congress, make them
the natural allies of the South. Many of
whom are opposed to a Tariff* for protection,
\m Internal Improvement by the General
Government, for objects not strict'y
nations', and to a National Bank upon consti.
tutional grounds. A large majority of the
members of which, have, to a much greater extent
than their opponents, vindicated the rights
uf the South, by an open and manly opposition
to political Abolitionism, and by whose assistance
we have mainly been enabled, in defiance
of hypocritical lamentations for the pretended
violated rights of petition to exclude
that dangerous subject from the halls of the
National Legislature. Petitions to do what?
Virtually to violate the Constitntinn_tn inter.
fere with our domestic institutions, to plunder g
us of our property?to excite our slaves to v
insurrection?to convert the South into a wil- }
dcrness. and to dissolve the Union. t
The circumstance that every member of, or 1
known advocate of the Aboltion Societies of '
the non slave holding States, in Congress, not 1
only is opposed to Mr. Van Buren's, re-elect. 1
ion, but is a zea'pus advocate of Gen. liarri. \
son's election to the Presidency, ought not of J
itself perhaps, to have an influence in determining
our choice in as much as those mem. j
bers may be opposed to Mr. Van Buren and <
may advocate Gen. Harrison upon grounds not i
at all the connected with abolition. But what (
would you say, gentlemen, if I were to tell i
you that at least three of the eight members 1
III.
that c? mposc tl?e Whig Executive Committee, ?
regularly appointed by the opposition members <
rif Congress, and Whose daily occupation it has
been for months past to flood the countijr
with documents, advocating the election of
Gen. Harrison, and who exercise the powcf
of appointing corresponding cormrtUtees in va- (
rious parts of the Dnion, are not only advocates ,
for the consideration of abolition petitions in
Congress, Imt are themselves pledged abolition,
isls and were so long before tkeir appointment.
The Coin nittec of which I speak is composed
nf I?!in Roil Tmin. R. Garland, of La.,
John M, Bolts, of Va., Thos. Corwin of Ohio,
M, H. Grinnell, ofN; Y. Iicverctt SoltonstaU,
of Mass., Trucman Smith, of Conn., Chas.
Naylor, of Penn., an<l John Clark, of N. Y. <
Of these, three at least, are pledged abolition"
ists, to wit, Trucinan Smith, of Connecticut, >
Leverett Sontoostall, of Mass., and John C.
Clark, ol N. Y., and of this the most ample and
conclusive proof is to be found in their own
letters, addressed to Anti-Slavery Societies, or
t? persons friendly to abolition in their respective
States, when thnv wore candidates for the
seats which thpy now hold in Congress. For
extracts embodying the substance of these
'ettcrs, which you will find of the most start
tling character, particularly when you take
into consideration the opportunities which their
writers have of communicating the mora! poison
with which they are infected to others, I
refer you to the Extra Globe of July 1st. In
addition to his being a pleged abolitionist, Leverett
Soltonstsll one of the persons t have
named, was also a member of the Committee
of the Massachusetts legislature, which during
the last war while every patriot disregarding,
supposed local grievances should have been
united in bringing it to a successful termination,
recommended the Hartford Convention.
With this he was charged during the late session
of Congress, by one of his democratic colleagues,
and attempted to excuse himself if not
defend the objects of that Convention.
I bring no charge against tire opposition
members of Congross for having appointed
these three worthies on their most important
Committee, because their dangerous sentiments.
although long and onenly avowed may,
by possibility, have escaped their observatidn.
But I do charge that party, or at least the anti-abolition
part of it, and those who profess
doctrines of strict construction, with gross di
reliction for allowing pledged abolitionist* and
Hartford Convention, federalists to remain on
a Committee which was their selected organ
of communication with the people of this coun.
try, after their sentiments were made knowu 1
through the Columns of the public press in 1
Washington at least twenty days before the
adjournment ofCongrrs*. a id could not by J
feasibility have escaped their observation.
Suppose it should be said that no documents J
ire circulated as proceeding from the Com- ,
uittee, that are not by a majority of all* its j
member*, (I know not whether it is so or not) <
it is no excuse for retaining on it pledged ah- <
Mitionists, known to be so. F??r f lie moral i
;ffect, if for no other, they should have been i
expelled from the Committee, and their degra. i
jati<>n, should have been publicly made known. 1
There are members of that party who are ;
truly patriotic, who drank deeply at the foun- ]
tains of political wisdom, and who are honest '
ind pure in the opinions which they advocate |
?gentleman with whom, upon important subects
I have frequently acted, and in whonr my
?l.J t
jonnnencc is unuiiuuiiHii^n. i unru uhc ,
hose gentleman say in effect?" that if he met <
i mad dog or wolf upon the road, and a person l
>ffered to assist in kil'ing him,he would not con- j
lider it necessary to inquire into his principles i
>efore he accepted his services : and if the per. I
ion should turn out to he scoundrel, the mere 1
Tact of hi* having aided him to destroy a danger. )
mm animal won Id give him tin claim to be an aa. '
K>cute." This may be very well in private life, 1
vliere a gentl unan would be in no way affedlod 1
>y the principles of an individual from a carnal i
neeting, whose society he might immediately 51
hrow off; but the rule is not applicable in tho 1
?resent case. For the defeat of Mr. Van Buren 1
nay bring those into power who tnay not so easily c
e disposed of. The parties are *onoarly balan- 6
ed in many of the non slavuholding Statos that I
he election of President with the patronage ne- *
essarily connected with the legtimate exercises 1
>f the office would give the majority to either. A '
eference to the journals of Congress, to tho pro. *
seeding* at primary assemblies of the poople and (
>f the State Legislaturns in the non-slaveholding <
States, will shew that of the two great parties (
vhich devide the country, the Democratic is less *
ndoctriuatod than their opponents with lalitud. \
narian docttines, and consequently its ascend. '
mcy is less dangerous to the South. A faithful <
idherenco to the Constitution, and limiting the 1
general government within its legitimate bounds, 1
low is, and ever will be, the best bulwark of the !
South against the encroachments of an irrcspon
lible majority, and is the ouly safe guarantee for 1
he continuance ofthe Union wi'h its blessings 1
md ben -fits. 1
Shall we then, because wc may not approve of *
if r. Van Puree's administration oppose his re 1
(lection, when by doing so wc shall aid to bring 1
nto power a party, tho westorn and northern di. c
isions of which are not only known to be more
avorable to a tariff for preelection, to a system a
>f internal improvements by the general Govern. 1
nent and to a United Slates Bank, but who al- c
eady shew so little respect to tho feelings ofthe *
>euth, that on their most important cominitee, I
sonsisling of but eight, thoir organ of coinmuui- (
:ation with any part of the Union, they have up- 1
minted three pledged abolitionists, and continued '
hem on tho same committee, after it must have 1
>een known to all that they-were so, and at least '
me of whom is also known to be a Hartford l 'on- <
rention Fe .'eralist, not merely in principle, but '
is an active participator in the promotion of the
..... i _i . t
neasures r>y wmcn u was nrougiu hwuu
I regard the veto power of the President upon ?
he question of slavery in the District of Columbia (
is valueless, because, as lias been truly said t>y the J
opposition members of Congress from Georgia, I
n their late address to their constituents "The f
nonient tho abolitionists acquire strength enough >
n Congress to pass an act abolishing slave-y in {
he District of Columbia, the Union is dissolved, (
ind the p ssage of such an act would bo its fun- (
jral kneel. Iievo ution would be its immedi ate f
jonsequcnce. What would avail tho veto pow
>r amidst the loud uproar of the dissolving Un- 1
ou ? Its voice wouid be hushed in Uie stern 1
ipirit of anarchy. It is therefore idlo to talk of '
he President's veto." But docs it afford a reason <
vhy we should aid in advancing a party in the 1
lon-slaveholding States, whoso representatives (
n Congres* are shewn by the record, the journals, j
o have voted against all measures intended or >
lalculated to prevent discussion of abolition pe- 1
iliuns, particularly if it is truo, us the soine gen- *
letnen have said in the same address, that " the i
afoty of Southern institutions depends upon i
guarding vigilantly the out posts. The approach 1
vhich the abolitionists have endeavored or late *
'ears to make, 19 through the alleged right of {
petition and discussion." How is it, gentlemen, (
hat wo are called upon to aid in bringing a party I
nto power who have endeavored to bre. k down ?
lie "out pos's,"?and uncover the defences erected 1
>y the assistance of non-blavoiiolding Democrats '
o prevent the abolitionists from making encro- '
ichments upon Sonthcrn institutions 44 through 1
.he alleged right of discussion and petition." A
jarty who, even while they are courting, have I
usulted the South by appointing and retaining J
>n their Congressional Executive Committee, at >
east three known abolitionists, one of whom I
[Lcverett Sontolstall has said that he considered '
it a sufficient ground) of a want of care in the
President of the United States, thkt in entering I
on the duties of his office, he made the gratuitous
fcclaction in effect that |fo shotird veto any bill
whi :h had for its object the abol.tinn of hi ivery
in the District of Columbia:?the most objection a*
Ide sentiment over, avowed by a Chief Magistrate
ttf ajnation!"1 Another of whom (Truman Smith)
is so thorough in his feeling*,'that bfehas pronounced
it a subjectwhere there can be neither toncession
nor compromise." And the other of
whom;(hv.n C. Clark) has declared tliat he would
sustain the,right of petition *' in its fullest latitude,
without reft-renceto condition or color"?hopes
that the period is not remote, when Congress will
abolish slavery in the District of Columbia, and
says that should he hold a seat in Congress when
that peried arrives, " the appeals of the*,, free, the
humane,ami the oppressed, shall not be made in
vain." 1 do not say that the opposition party in
Congress, from the non^lavehoiding States, are
ruly represented by these three worthies, in the
extreme motions which they entertain on the
buhjcct of abolition : but I do say that almost with,
out exception, they have truckled to the abolitionist*
by voting against all reatrictions attempted
to be imposed upon the " approach which abolitionists
have endeavored, of late years, to make
through the alleged right ofdiscussiou and poll,
tion upon Southern institntions. ItissaidJhat
the views of Gen. Harrison are. in some respects,
I ._ .L. C>?<L I 41 '-f u.
iiHiru cuiigwinai iu mu uvuui| mau uiuw oi inf?
Van Buren, and that by giving him a geseroussuppor',
the South may control hi? administrate
iou' Gen. Harrison was chosen at the Harrisburg
Convention, iu opposition to every-South'*
ern vole, and exclusively by she votes of the ana*
slaveholding Slates, and surely it cannot,bexupr.
|K>sed that he will repudiate the friends to whom
he will pwo his, elect ion, if elected, forthoso tfrho
not only preferred jyipthcr^bu^whflce .ppKtieal
sentimonU'areiiot; in general, so congenial with
his own. V^d^uf^ircumstarTieesfto dferiMAe
to his Southern mends the power of conlroli ng
his administration', aiid with it the great cqassof
the party by which he may be brought into offiee,
and u^on whom he must principally rely for
port, H indeed to attribute to them an influence,
but little less wonderful and romantic tkan the |
monster teaming influence, attributed bj some
classic writers, " to tho fabulous heroes end demigods
of antiquity.** It is not so muck to the
opinions of the President, as to the principles of
the predominant paily in the country, tkatwe are
to look for the preservation of the Government in
its purity. Cast your eyes back for a tew years,
over the history of the country, and you eannot
fail to be reminded that the worst of tymnts is
the ' many headed despot,**?an irresponsible
majority cxe ctsing undelegated powers. In illustration,
I will refer but to a single cxanple?
the late protective Tariff, in reviewing which you
will also have an opportunity of observing the
insidious advancement of power, even in our
Government, where tlie rights of all are apparent
Iv so well secured bv the limitations of a writ
,-v 1 w
leu Constitution. 4. ^
Exngcrated apprehensions existed at llie conclusiuit
uf the fast war that ^vo might o^'ain'be
found unaupplicd with many articles for iheaUp>1/of
which, previous to its commencement, we
tad relied chiefly upon foreign trade. At the
etui n of peace army circumstances both interrial
md external, opened an extensive field UrAmsrican
enterprise. The Planters of the South
jred a golden harvest in supplying the European
nanufacturers with the raw matenat. The Fanner
of tho middle and eastern Slates received a
rich reward of his iudustry. The West filled up
rapidly, with a rigorous thriving ropulation. With
i free ocean before us, the various productious of
>ur unexhausted soil were pourd forth to feed
uid cloth the population of the world. Our
commerce and agriculture enjoyed ah unexampled
prosperity. Our manufacturers ^Iio had
arospored during the suspension of foreign comnerco
were upou the return of peace almost overwhelmed
by the importation of foreign goods, tod
>f alljthcjintercst* in the country, were alone una>le
to join heartily in the general song of grateful
y that sounded from one extremity or the Un
- - A iL .1.
ion 10 uie oincr. a tympamy wasexcueu in weir
favor, the,sooth il^lf gmxerDuiilycxtendedthc fod.
jering liaqd of protection, and in 1816 the wed^
ivus entered, which was driven and driven, until
n 1832 it produced a schism which many feared
vould prove incurable. ' Even ihon some of our
(talesmen saw the outline of that gathering storifi,
vhich uf erwards burst upon us with such dcsoliting
fury. In vain, however, did those faithful
lentincls warn thdir countrymen?the current
vas too strong to be resisted, and in 1816 the
loor was widely opened, through which the eontitution
was assailed and tho inhabits of a
mrty of Union, were under the formi of the
Jonstitulion, but in violation of its princi>les,
made tributai? to thoso, of another*?
lad this system been carried to tho extent conemplatod
by some of its friends, vix. to the ex.
:luaioa of all foreign importations that came in
:ompctition with-Amcrican manufactures of pre*
tactions, South.Carolina wonld ha e been as effectually
a colony of New England, as she was
ofore the revolution, a colony of old England;'
VI iny are now looking with hope, to the reviwi
if this system, and our only safe guard against it
s in the general .prevalence of such a construe*
ion of the Constitution, as will-leave the domestic
ndustryofthe country free to regulate itselfr
squally exempt from tire stimulant or control of
egislative interference a. That sach a construe*
ion is gaining ground rapidly with the democratic
arty of the non slaveholding States, and that
uch is in the platform upon which they mustuj*
matalv aland at all. I Hmva aa littla dnubt Ss that
lie reverse position must be occupied by their
ipi>ouonts.|
In suying this, however, I enter my protest
igainst all arguments by which the specie clause
il'tlie sub-treasury was recommended by the domo.
:ratic party to the support of the manufacturers,
ending to show that in proportion as it operated
0 reduce the nominal prices of labor, and to
:hrck f<*re gn importations, it would advanco
heir interests. 1 here arguments, although perlaps
incidentally used, make a direct appeal to
ivaricisus f .clings, and have a very broad squining
towards interference with the domestic inlustry
of the country, to the prejudice of the incrests
of the planting Slates.
Except whrn there may be a departure fVptn
he ordinary course of legislation, the President:
s in a great measure impotont to do evil. He
jun make neitherj$&4.f?or war, he cHpnot pass
1 law, or lay his hand upon a single cent of tlie
mblic money tmt regularly appropriated. Ileyis :
nerely the agent of the people, to carry their |rity [
nto effect, as expressed through their representiiivcs
ii. Congress, having no other constitutional:
jontrol over the legislation than in the sets pow,
sr. It is in our foreign relations that the influ.
snco to his character is most important. Since
Mr. Van Burcn has been in office, our relations
ivith England and Mexico have both been of aielicale
character, particularly with the first,
[lis enemies will not deny that they have been
sonducled with prudence, with firmness, and with
ibility. As an evidence of the high confidence
mtcrtained by Congress in Mr. Van Buren's pa.Holism
and discretion I need only state that'
mined, ately prccoding the expiration of the
wenty-fiflh Congress, when the clouds of war
iccmcd ready to burst on our northeastern front tola
Ann r\(* I lio inosf nnufAfflll natinno r\C (hn j
Ol t n HI vuv \?l WlVHIV??|fvnv?>Mi MWMVHV vi fclflU
jlobc. ten millions of dollars were appropriated
ind placed at his disposal with almost discretiontry
power to adopt such measures as the contin.
jencic* might in his estimation require for the
lefencc of the country. What triumph of a
Roman general, with caplivo princes and. the.
spoil* ot conquered nations led in hia train?
,vhat civic honor, conferred upon a bonefactoi of
lis race, ever excelled in moral sublimity this tri)Ute
in 'which all parties united to the wisdom
ind patriotism of this republican President ?
It was an act by which the peace of the rounry,
tho lives of.thousand, and the-prosperity of
Millions were entrusted to the man. Tho result
s matter of history. Well and faithfully did he
Mirform the trust The peace oi the country and
ts honor were reserved.
Having alroadv extended this very imierfc<
t hitter to an inconvenient length* I
will, after answering distinctly the questions
which, in carrying the resolutions of the Democratic
party of Marion into effect, you hare
propounded to me,lo-wit.
1st. u Are you in favor of the re-electron of
Mr. Van Buren as President of the United
States ?
"2d. In esse the election for President
should come into the House of Representatives,
which of the two candidates would you vote
for?"
To the first of these questions, I answer,
that however much I may object to certain incidents
in Mr. Van Buren's political life, or
dissent from particular measures of his Administration
I am, under existing circumstances,
in favor of his re-election; because his course
upon the whole, since he has been President
of the United States, has been sucli, in my estimation,
as to entitle him to the confidence of
the South; and because I prefer the principles
of the party in the non-slave-holding states by
wnich he is supported, and whose ascendency
I believe to be in a great measure identified
with his re-election, to those of the party in
the same states by which he it opposed.
To your seconu interrogatory, the answer
is already made, so far as my personal preferences
are concerned, but should the contingency
happen, which your question contemplates
I will endeavor to carry out the choice of the
state as it may be expressed by her electoral
vote.
I am, gentlemen, very respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
(Signed) JOHN CAMPBELL.
Messrs. Hardee, Killin, and Gregg, Commiltee
of the Democratic Party*
FALSE ATTITUDES OF CHILDREN.
The false postures and attitudes taken by
young persons at school, or when engaged
in some particular trade or labor, often b<;come
a cause of distorted sp!ne and other
deformities?a state to be deplored in all,
but more especially pitiable in the female
sex. fri the remarks which we propose
making on the causes, prevention, and hygienic
treatment of these deformities, we
shnll content ourselves with the arguments
and illustrations in the work of Surgeon
Duffin, to which we have already directed
the attentive perusal of all parents, guar,
dians, and instructors, on whose knowledge
of this miuter much will depend, before professional
assistance is invoked.
For the better understanding of the subject
by our readers, we shall premise a few
particulars respecting the structure of the
parts more immediately nlfected in spinal |
distortion. We caunot, of course, be ex.
pected, in that place, to speak with professional
or technical precision; hut while endeavoring
to be plain, we hope to be accurate;
at least enough so for hygienic purposes.
The back bone is a pillur built of twenty-four
short cylindrical bones, called vertebrae,
piled one upon another, and extended
from the large solid bones that support
the body, when sitting erect, to the lowest
part of the head. We say nothing for the
present of the projections from the vertebrae,
but proceed to * remark that the body, as
the centre-part is called, does not directly
fouch the one above, or the oqe Delow itthere
intervea a strong elastic substance of
of considerable thickness, which is girt
round by a powerful ligamentous band.?
.This substance, culled technically rntcrvcr
tebral, retains the two vertebrae to which it
belongs, continually together; and though,
strictly speaking, it prevents ull immediate
motion of one bone of the spine upon an.
other, permits of the most extensive motion
of the whole column of bones taken
conjointly, by means of the great elastic
power of which it is possessed. To which
ever side the body inclines, this substance
readily yields and returns in a moment to
its proper position, by a very powerful
spring, when when the weight of the body
and force of the muscular contraction cease
to operate. As this substance is continually
yielding underpressure during the day
a person of ordinary stature, will often be
found considerably toller in the morning,
than at night. In old age, the body is shor.
ter than in youth, from the greater condensation
of this substance; and its inclination
forwards, in persons advanced in years deponds
upon the yielding of this compressi. <
hie substance to the weight of the superincumbent
structure. Hence any undue
inclination to either side, during life, if frequent,
constant or protracted, will cause a
certain diminution in the thickness of this
substance on the side to which the body inclines,
accompanied by a proportionate rising
of the same, on the oppsite side, and
will in the course of time produce permanent
distortion of the whole column of bones.
This effect will be more easily produced
during childhood, when the bones are in a 1
state of growth, the ligaments more yieldjng,
and the intervertebral substance, peculiarly
soft. mA tumor on the head or
jaw," remarks Mr. Charles Bell, "which '
makes a child carry the head on one side,
or constant stooping, such as is used by a
girl in working at the tambour, or the car..
Vying of a weakly child always on ono arm
by a negligent or awkward nurse, will cause
to time a fu' d and irremediable dismr- '
Won." 1
The moving power of the vertebra, or 1
back bone, consists in several layers of
muscles. On each side of the spine is felt 1
a mass or cushion of flesh, the muscles of !
which are attached to various projections
from the individual bones (vetebra.) By
the joint and concurrent action of these mus- '
culur masses, the vertical position is main
-.?? _:j_ l
tainerl, ana according as one 01 omer mue, <
or a particular portion of cither, contract*, 1
the body i* bent in that direction. The (
muscle* on the front part of the body bend 1
it forward, when they are called into con* 1
traction by volition.
Now it must be very obvious, that by a 1
long voluntary contraction of the muscles 1
on one side of the back bone, as when we
lean in that direction for a length of time,
in writing or drawing at a desk, or when 1
eng.igod at some particular handicraft em> 1
ployment. they acquire, eventually, a dis- f
eased habit. They become in a measure 1
permanently contracted?while those on the
opposite side, from heing in u s'alo of rest,
become weaker than natural, and are unable
to draw the spine to their side, and to
restore the vertical position. The effect of
this posture is, as already said, to compress '
the intervertebral clastic substance on the
side towards which the body leans, and finally
to render it firmer and thinner than
on the opposite side. There is then formed
a lateral curvature, which becomes fixed
spinal diisorion, and a raising of the shoulder
on the same side with the prominence
of the spine.
The natural consequence of sitting long
in the same posture, is an attempt to leaning
a little, to one or the other; and hence
a risk of deformity in young persons, who
are kept too long u time in school, of ac.
quiring a permanently false attitude, and
of suffering from spinal deformity. The
risk will be increased, if the person be of a
feeble and sickly liabit of body and ollowcd
to sit long in such a position, as to throw
ap one of the shoulders and the ribs of the
sume side.?Journal of Health.
INDIAN NEWS.
JACKSONV1LL, Sept. 15.
Indians.?Lt. Hanson, al Wacahoota
has recently had an engagement with the
enemy in which he lost one man, and had
four wounded. Same day, 6th iusf. a young
man by the name of Geiger, was murdered
at the same place.
On Saturday, the 12th an Indian with two
ponies was seen about 17 miles of this place.
0..e of the ponies was taken, but the Indian
with the other escaped. He is supposed to
be one of the large party conceuled in a
swamp near this place A scout of citizens
vol' n'e<TS stared th s morning to scour
the hammock.
Corcspondence of the Georgi/in
JACKSONVILLE, Sep'. 16
Dear Sir?In addition to what you will
find in the Advocate, I have learned the
the following prrticulurs, which I send
you.
1 have just conversed with a gontlemnn
d rect from Newnansville, who stated that
the body of Geiger was not found until
'I hursduy 10th. When found it exhibiied
nn* nf the most revnliinu soectucles of
W"W " ??,5 ^ -r fiendish
vengeance, seen since tint commencem<
nt of the war. fie was first whip
ped until his buck was a muss of cloned
gore; his logs i ipjx.d from his feet to his hips
then cut with a knife entirely round until
his upper parts were nearly seperuted from
the lower, his heart taken out, and his head
cut off. He was one of a party of volun.
teers stationed at Fort Walker, who curried
the express of Lt. Hanson, informing him
of Indian signs. His companions had left
Wacahoota but a few minutes before, and
pussed the battle ground unmolested. There
were about 100 Indians.
APALAGHICOLA, S pt. 12.
By nn arrival from Coder Keys, wo k-urn
that on the 4 h inst., the 2d Regiment of
Dragoons, Cupt. B. L. Beull, surprised and
aitecked a party of aqout 20 Indians, on
the Wacassassie River, and suceeded in
enpturing Holn Too Chee, a sub chief of the
Miscasukies. Husun Hdrjo or craggy Moss,
Holan To Muthln Chee, ond No Cos Chilla
or Beor Foot. The others fled to the
hammocks, whither, according to our informant,
C.ipt. B. with the troops nnder
his command, intended to pcrsue them,
taking the prisoners with them, to usscrtain
if possible their place of retreat.
We learn also that n party of indinns
burnt a house a few miles below clutahoochee
a few days since; its occupants had
previously fled from apprehension of attack.
Advert iter.
Electric Telegraph.?A telegraph work,
ed by electricity is in operation on the Great
Western Railway, between Drayton nnd
Paddingtun in England, by which news is
couveved at the rule of two hundred tii >us
" " /
and mile* per second, or eight thousand
times quicker than light travels during the
same period. Electrical currents passing
through coils of copper wire placed immediately
behind some magnetic needles, are
made to operate upon a circular series of
twenty letters, which indicate such terms,
either separately or collectively, as they
have been arranged
Postcripl of a letter, dated,
New Orleans. Sept. 13.
Our friend J110. H. Miller, Esq. has this
day returned from one of his Cotton Plan,
tationsat the Attakapus, upon which the
Army worm have almost entirely destroyed
his crops. It usually yields 400 bales, and
this season he will not gather more than 50
to 75 bales. It s.vecps off 100 acres in a
single night, leaving the naked stalk, without
leaves or boles. In every part of our
State it is extending its ravages, und in Mississippi
it has made its appearcnce, and it is
expected it will prove equally destructive
there.
t '
From the Peru fVI) Gaxeile 11 th inst.
Fatal Accident.?Last Sunday morning,
Mr. Micheal Shannon, a maried man, boarding
with his brother John, in our village,
after oil the family except himself and brothcr
J. had gone to the Catholic Church to
which they are attached, while looking tor
some article that had been mislaid, with a
pipe in his mouth, turned up an emiy barrel
which proved to have a keg nearly full of
powder under it, the head of the keg being
out. A spark from his pipe fell into it, and
by the explosion, the unfortunate man was
perfectly flayed from his hair to within
about four inches of his ancles, and pieces
of flesh from two to four inches in circumference
fastened like wafers to the side of
room ! the whole of the clothes except the
waist bands of his pantaloons, was blown
ofT, his facA first charted and left black as
an African's. He presented the most agonizing
spectacle we ever beheld, and survived
until about 4 o'clock, bearing his tor.
lure with great fortimde aud expressing his
desire to live only until his spiritual friend
' 1 1 1 ' * - r..
rind pastor could aid mm 10 prupure iur
death. He would probably have been
killed instantly but for the fact that the house
was unfinished. There were nine large
windows in the lower story, nil of wh ch
burst iuAiards, and a hay stack near the
house was fired and consumed, the wind being
favourable to save the house.
The Gemma* Univbsities.?The For}
eign Quarterly states that the number a ?
stndents in the several German Unt*
versities, nt the commencement of the year*
was as follows:? j
Berlin, 1778 Jena, 450
Bonn, 4 648 Leipzig, 4 925
Breslau, 4 631 Leyden, 1 614
Grlnngen, 4 825 Marburg, . 276
Freiburg, 4 315 Munich, ' 1440
Gicssen, 4 377. Rostock . li?
Gottlngen, 4 675 Tubengeo,4 720
Groningen, 1 274 Utreclit, 4 516
Heidelburg, 622 Wurburg 4 447
Acci'lcnl from Somnambulism.?On
Friday night a girl about 16 years of age,
residing with Mr. Henderson/bootmaker, in
Sou'h Gay street, walked out of a second
story window during a fit of somnambulism
She fell upon tho brick pavement of the
yard of the house. The only injUrey reisul
ting from this perilous leap was a spraned*
nnklo. She has been in the habfhof walk*
ing m her sleep, and considerable vigilence
was required to prevent her from injuring
herself. On this occasion she Itoisted the
window very deliberately and walked oat.
Bait. Sun. ,
m%
Cotton Crop.?The Natchez Courier of
a lite date says;?The fine prospect for a ,v
large crop which the phnters in this neighborhood
had a month ago, has been destroyed
by the drought and worm and cat; ^
erpill.tr. On many plantations the damages
done is from one-fourth to one-faird;.
and unless we have rain xiihin a day or
two, in many instances, not mora than half
a crop will be made.
From the North Alabamian of the 5th
inst wo cut the following relative of the
prospects in the Tennesse Valley.
The Corio* Crop.?Th? worm is doinv
immense injury to the cotton. Several
larin> rs with whom we have conversed iii " ^
the last few days, represent their prospects
as exceeding gloomy. They think' from
three to five hundred pounds to' the acre,
is as much as they will save ofTfrom ground
which but recently bid fair for 1,000
pounds, in other parts oi me state we siso
hear similar complaints.
Young Louis Napolron.?This unfor
tun.ue young man still remains in prison*
his trial lakes place before the Chamber
Peers, October 5th. He is much depress*
cd, and looks very ill. It is expected he
Will not be put to death, but imprisoned.? '
Loirs und his men made excellent provision
for their own comfort and enjoyment
while on board the steam packet, for tliero
were found in it upwards of 800 bottles
(large and small) of every kind of wine
porter, punch, ginger bear, and soda water.
The cuptain of the steamboat said he never
saw men drink so much of alt sorts of
wines, &c. ; i
Louis is in the cell that was occupied by
Fieschi, and is guarded by three <uen, night
and day. ... ,v
Louis Bonaparte, ex King of Hollander. hud
purchased ? 100,000 worth of diamonds
out of his royal savings which diamonds
fell into the hinds of the present lw>g of
Holland. He had just given young Lou's
?40,000 indemnity for these]?;^*[s.-,. And
this sum served for the Boulogne expedi-. '
lion. , *;
A large quantity of furniture, the proper* .
ty of Prince Louis Napoleon Bonaparte,- '
was sold by auction by Messrs. Christie
and M mson. Tins furniture consisted of
a casket of gems, of pictures, books, plate,
linen, glass, ch.na, and a bust of Napclooo*
when Cousu), by Cawovn.
Arrest of a mail robber.?A letter to . ^
the Postmaster af this city, from un Agent
of the Post Office Department, dated
lunibus. Oiiio, September 10 h, 1640, states
that tne iudividual who robbed t be I/. 8.
Mail, east ol Springfield, Ohio, on the night
of the 10th of M arch last, has been arrested,
and sixteen thousand dollars of the'tnpney
recovered. Charles Bosterick, the driver
of the mail stage, turns out to be the xob^ .
bcr.?Ball, Am, >"
- ?u
Paris, Aug. 29.A
(Tooting deplomatic letters have been
addressed to the ambassadors of'France
and England by the chiefs of the oppressed
Syrians, detailing the horrible acts of tyranny
of Mchemnt, and supplicating France to .*-*
lend a hand for their deliverance. Tiie
letter to Englnnd says, "Since the invasion
" - . II. L. L l_J
ot oyria oy menemn mi, iib wis irampicu
us under foot by nn oppression which knows
no bounds, and by a tyranny the most atro*
cious and cruel. For the last eight years
we have acceded to all his demands, and
because he has left us nothing more to give - * '
he menaces us with extermination, nor will , " "
his unbounded rapacity be satisfied until b-"
he drink9 the very blood of our children, and:
satiates the lust of his soldiery by the Jm>o? fs! or
of our families. Driven to desperatiuo,
we have taken up arms for the defence of
our lives, and for guarding our dwellings
from lire and ourselves from the sword,
with which he threatens to erase us from
among nations." -
It seems, however, that Constantinople
is not without the possibility of continued
conspiracies against the Sultan, which miglit
create a diversion in faror of Mehcmel, and produce
a general conflagration. Khosrew
Pacha, who has been exiled for conspiring
to dethrone the young Sultan, has found pa
rti/,ans to continue the work which had'*
dropped from his hand; but this second con*
spiracy had also failed, and fifteen hundred ^
of the pasons implicated havo been thrown
into the sea, with the appendage of a stone
hanging from the neck of each. Twenty
thousand Albanians are sent for to garrison
Constantinople. The object of these attempts
is to prevent the cstabishment of the
new constitution for putting Turkey, on a
level with the kingdoms of Europe, which
the Pachas find to be the destruction of their
power.
.
Wm. W. Price. Esq., former district sftorncy
in New York, has recommended his
-irofessional career in that city.