Farmers' gazette, and Cheraw advertiser. (Cheraw, S.C.) 1839-1843, September 09, 1840, Image 2
g?i >im \tMtBmmmaaammmmmmmmmmmmm
land never ploughed but once, and planted with
potitoos the lost year am! manured in hills, this
yoar harrowed, 20 ? bushels of leached ashes ,
spread on. I havo 40 tons of English hay, 15 tons
of salt and fresh hay. 6) barrels of winter apples
11 barrels of culer, 40 bushels of beets and car.
rots, some pears peaches, grapes and plums. I
keep one horse, 4 oxen, 9 cows; calves sold 50
dollars; milk sold at the house 150'J gallons at
14 cents; and ntado some cheese in the hot
weather. I have a son who takes the principal
caro of the farming. We hiro two men 7 months,
>- h.,?7 ma
at 17 aii'J 13 dollars wr IllMUll. ..t.j
nure in Nowlmryport at $t 75 and $2 par load
of half a cord or more; ashes 6 cents a bushel. I
sell hay at ?11 per ton. Onions are sold at .V)
cents a bushel. Onion ground we manure with
about 12 loads to the aere; plough it in the fall;
about 15th April plough it a^ain and s.nv when
the ground is fit. 1 sow in rows 16 inches apart,
three pounds of seed to the acre: two pounds are
enough if wo were sure all would be right; 1
think if we have plenty of manure it is host to
plough it in?if wh hare not a plenty, make the
best of it and put it in the hills?then we shall i
not miss unless a very drv season. To cultivate
an acre of onions ou my ground, would cost
25duvo' labor.
Summary of the alove.
No. of acres, 110
Products.? Indian corn, on 5 acres, 200 bushels.
Potatoes, 6 acres, 1500 bushels.
Onions, !| acie, 740 *
Beets and carrots, 40
Winter rye, one'acrc, 26 '
% Barley, 3 acres, 100 *
Oats, I acre, 75
English hay, 40 '
Black gr-ss, 16 '
Salt and fresh hay, 15
Winter apples, barrels 60
Cider., 4 11
Milk sold at the house at 14 cts. per gal'.,
1500 gallons.
Calves sold, 50 dollars.
I raise plenty cf peas, beans, cabbages, turnips.
squashes, &c.
" * ? ?""lid In dinr no.
i should like to rjiici some ulaviiiitv ? "to r '
tatoes witn ox-?n or horses.
November 23, 1339.
From the Cultivator.
4 so much for*'?bekkskires*
Friend Tuckf.k?You have probably
j udged from the tenor of wm" of my former
communications, that ue were curse I i:>
this part of the nountry, w.'th a specks o.
wild uuimals, coll I hog*; an! also of m)
intention to take sonv steps to routine my
fellow-citizens, tout they were en inly mistaken
in thearticle. I am happy to state to
you, that I have been eiiiincn.lv successful.
The wi'nesies which I have it t oduced to
prove my case, have, by a speaking, though
dumb, eloqueneu, convinced the most seep
tic a I.
In short. I received a few davs since
from A. B. A;.lf.n, Esq. of BuftMo, the
first pair ol B rkshiro puis ever seen in this
country; and had 1 iuliodu-ed an African
lio", | *e?dv believe it would not liaveexci
i
led more curiosity. I ii'-y iitucuru vim.
ted by hundreds, who bad read i|i? descnp
tion ? ? ! seen the pie tire ol ihem, ev?*r\
one of whom believed it to be an overwrought
(jftf'Tipiitrti uiiO p cuire; an l ev< ry one of
whom is now convinced, that 4,ihe half ha<I
not been told diem." Were the pair dial I
have as prolific us a sw irrn of bees, I have
already had more applications for pigs than
1 could supply.
This, sir, is the Ix-m fit of demonstrating
to the ey< s of the people the advantage? of
improvement in agriculture, in socks ami
implements of husbandry. This is one of
the fruiis of agricultural journals. What a
lesson may every day bM learnt by examin.
ing these fruiin. It is a bsson that should
teach every philanthropic m nhow mueii
good he may do his country by a little ex?*r.
tson to extend the reading of such journals,
by the easy method which 1 have several
times pointed out before.
a ~,i > ? ,ut?tiiv(> duiv that everv friend
."I IIU II IO |.?? v ,
lo agricultural inprovcineut. o*>s o himself
and. his countrv, to take immediate mens,
urrs io introduce improved stock into hs
neighborhood.
Let those that are now able, set the example,
and those tuat are less able will surely
follow.
We are all creatures of example; influenced
by the circumstances with which we
ore surrounded; and say what you will about
"rich and poor." the poor look to the rich
or example, and it is the positive duty of
the rich to see that they have such examples
as American freemen ought to follow.?
Reader! 1 sp-*ak now directly tolyoo! Let
not ano her day p:>ss over your head, t>|!
you enquire whether you are not able lo extend
the reading of an agricultural journal
in your neighborhood? Is there not one
poor laborer who would willingly work a
day or two for you. if you would proeure
the paper for him/ Are vou nor abl to
procure a pair of the improved breed 01
pigs, or some other stock, and introduce it
into voor neighborhood? You will soon
see the leaven wotk. audit will do your heart
good, to gee the -miles and hear the corigratuld
ury ( xpr< ssions that will welcome
your ( irons m a good cause.
Try it my tri? nd, you never will curse
the good advice of vou* o'd fri-iul.
SOLON ROBINSON.
Lake C. II. Ia. July 6, 1840.
A. i n in rro
From the London Horticultural Magazine \
Treaties on an Improved and cheap Method
of Cultivating A p tragus. By Nuiiun
Niven, Lan Urape-G.ird<'i?er, I e Curator
ol lloya! Dubl n S??ci< ly's Botanic
Garden, Glusnevin, Author of r e "i]ntanio
Gai'Itm Companion."I'urnpli. 12
rno. pj?31. Duolm, IS: 9.
About nine years ago, Mr Nivn began i<>
pay attention to lite rul ure of asparagus,
from being situated in a place wlxio, pre.
viouuly 10 his management, the cr< p ha <
nlwuvs faile i. H 'adopted us a principle I uenriching
of the surface soil n;;d theencorag-.
nient ol 'he surface feeding roots, in opposition
to the usnal prac'ice of deep trenching
and deep manuring. Wec<>n easily conceive
that the result of this would^b" earlier and h i
ter fl ivored heads; nut Mr. Niven also found
that the produce of cultivation on the ?:nrfare.feeding
principle was even more bu-ky
than that r tilery or deep preperatiou ol
feeding. Mi. Niv?'ii planted in rows.?
The surface of ihe sod to he planted '*idi
asparagus is enriched with hulfroenj
loaves and rotten botjbed dung. to the depth
of 3 in. fo which is ad I. d, where i: rail <?b- I
tuiued, a s t Hum of seaweed. Before plan- J T*
ting, the grond is laid up in ridges 4 ft- rt
apart and the roots of the plains are Vl
down on the htie ridge or saddle prep -red ?i|
for them, as a man sts upon horseback;*' a n
nrrson following with a harrow full of sund,
which, with the spade, he "lays over the p
roo's and crowns, a'?out an inch thick, ob- il
serving to tread successively both sides ol si
earh hne as he proceeds, vvitn oil? foot, to t<
firm t'?e sand to the plants, so to secure t!
them from ho action of the air, until the m
proc-ss of planting is concluded, when a <'
Bfcr,ni{ mid fniiil converiiu? ol nhout 4 in.-? \ a
of rich compost of dung and rotten leaves
is to be pui over the tidies or lines, which a
is to be firmly trodden to the line of plants ?
ns before. A small portion of original stir- I1
face between the rows may then he thrown ''
up with the spad'*, right and left, dressing u
neatly between every two lines as yon pio 1
ceed, and the process of planting, which is t
exceedingly simple, is finished." (p. 22.)? 1
Tim produce of two rows, trea e?.| in this i
inann'-r, Mr. N ven has found 4,fully equaljii. '
quantity to any one bed with three rows on t
it, besides being much superior in quahty."
<
The plants appear growing out of eleva *
fed ridges; nnd in May, when the shot grass <
mowing begins, n portion of grass is shaken 1
in between the rows so as 'O fi 1 tho hollow
space quite to the n*'cks of the plan's.?
This supplies nourishment and retains mois- *
tnre while the slight degree of fermentation .
which takes place, heats the soil ar.d s'iriiu- '
j ates the roots. When ihe shoo s come up. '
h,f ?.iiruri(T ttw-AV lie weak '
llllTjr CH*j in iiv vi .. .
es\ so that by the end of tin; first season. '
1 ru t more 'h m two, or at least three, shoots ?
arc l< ft to grow to maturity on eatdi plantPro|i;i?*r
attention to the t i ling ol iispara* '
gus. in the fi st insent, imined?a'ely aft* r i '
t?luiting, du'hig rhe first and second years, I
and afterwards nl>o in cut mg lor use, is of
essential unponame o .var Is the future we| i
I fare of the plan." Mi* Niven's ohjrtis I
rto leave a supply of stroug shoots regularly '
I over I m! bed hi order ill u t' e i>iid? formed I
'a* the base of those shoo s may be s rung and t
fit to tnrow oji vigorous heads next year.
We in iv h re observe that the pracnc?* 4
of the maiket gard ners in the neighborood
ofLoodoii is. to eut over every shoot. I
w o'thrr small or larg?'$ up to a rer'am i
day in June?after winch :lie heaps are lef I
on ouelied uli theiime lor winbr dress ng.- '
T i , it would appear, 3 'bund to the most I
profitable mode lor a market-gardener, be. '
C'.u e he sorts his h? a Is into three sizes, nod !
finds a demand lor each; whereas tiie pri- 1
vat-* g'-ntleuiiiii's gardener can 8' nd no '
head to table tint is not large and finely 1
grown. <
But lo return to Mr. Niven's practice.? <
In Novetnb* r, wiienthe tops l aving become 1
yellow are cut over, ih" crown of the ridg?- 1
is reduced a hole with ilv hand, and about 4 1
in. of sea or rabbit sand is laid over
tue line of plants, while ro Ml dung. 1
l< av?*s, and sea sand are sl.-ghSy stirred '
j into the soil bet wen the ridges. But it is '
J needless to go farther in o rout ne culture.? '
Suffice it to say, that Mr. Niven has fully] I
* ' ' ' ' : 1 nf c?r ' I
s aui sn?'ti me su|)' i ui hu?hhi>i(;v,.i ?. ?...
face culture, which, had the subject been 1
duly re/hced on, might have been foreseen. i
Tne some principle is now being very gen. '
rally applied to the culture of every dev. (
scnplion of useful plan', and more especially '
to tiie cul ure of huit tress. In short, the {
subsoil is begining to be considered as 1
chi? fly useful as a reservoir of w?yr, an I '
the surface soil as a store-house of food. I
We ore glad to find Mr. Nven disap J
proving of cutting the heads of asparagus 1
a lt-w inches below the surface; "for wha1 *
uselul purpose this is done," he says, "we 4
arc at u loss to conce ive, inasmuch as the f
! wli te or blanched part of the grass is so f
usually hard und stingy as to be scarcely 1
fit tor use; whereas, by allowing the heads
:ogrow the proper length nbovrthe surface, *
say about 8 in. or so, tin y wdl not only 1
s ill be compact, bui the whole of the grass '
wdl be tender and eatable.v (p. 27.) *
SHHK3JBKSXi7VQHMHBflMD9BinBnV!0E9!flKnNHNM3Eflfll ^
TI1K HOOE CASt;'. ?
LETTER OF MR. VAN BUREN. J
Washington Aug. 1840. 1
Sir : I have received >our Ni?t, asking I
me, for yours l't and in be u?l of llio cni 1
zens of Murtin counv, North Carolina, to "
give you a statement of the ease of Lietiien '
ant HoO? of the navy, with my views upon *'
fie subject?a request witu which 1 do no' ^
hesitate to comply.
It appears from the official report of the ^
case made by the S cretnry of the Navy to 1
Congress, that Li' Utennnt Hooe was tried Jl
by n court martial upon several charges. H
portions of which wen- for causing several c
persons to bo flogged on board oftfie IT.i- 11
ted States sliip Vandal a, in disregard ot I
t he internnl regulations of said sh'p, and in '
direct viola ion of the ac: for tfv better gov- 5
ernn ent of the navy?th ?t he was acquitted '
upon a portion of tin* charges, and convie 1
Jed upon the residue?tint in the course ol '
?is dial two coloied seamen, belonging to f
he crew of the v? ss?'l on boarJ of illicit he 1
was serving, wero offeied as witness's to 1
substantia.e a por ion of tho chnrg* s?lha 1
ney w re object'd to by Lieutenant Hoo?, '
hu* ndm tied by the court, a m 'jori y of '
which was composed ol Southern officers? 1
itiut the proceedings of the court martial ^
were referred by the S cre ary of the Navy. 1
?n the absence of the Attorney General. v
... ?\? a tioriipv for rh ? Dis r c;. a nat ve ot 4
I'/ 1 !' ; ;i
sluvehol ling Slut'*, mid subseq i ntiy id 0
tn-* A tortiey G n ral hiinsi*if. tor diti.- o|>. ''
ii.ion in legurj to il? objection. *v uch had 1
h?-Ciii made on Ui??!rial us to the competent 11
of tin? colore*! witnesses?ilia! tiie.se gen. r
l''in? n uui e-J hi the opinion th.it inasrnuc .
as ilfi* testimony given by those *\itii"ss'i> *
was not muteri J to tin? question of th- **iji t }
or iunocei.ce of Lieutenant Hoot*, ki respcci ^
to lii?! charges upon which he had Icen J'
convicti J, (that question having h'-en deri- "
ded upon other test mony,) the objection 'J
raised to their eotiiprWHiC) ought to have no 1
influence with n?? Secret-try in passing
upon the finding of ihe court?that the st n.
truce of the court, hy which Leurnaui J
Hooe wns d.reeled a to be dismissed from n'
le West Id-tin squadron, after having been
premanded in neutral orders by the See.
unry of the Navy,*' was thereupon appromi
by the Secretary?and that, upon un
ppeal to me by Lieutenant llooe, I dech.
ed to interfere with the decision.
Thes mp!o qu"s:ion presented by these
roeeedings, was whether ti>e admission o!
leifal evidence (assuming it to he so) to
iib-tan i.ite parts only of the charges ought
) be allowed (0 invalidate the finding o!
ie court in regard to those charges whicli
/ere established lo the satisfaction of the
ourt by oilier and unquestioned evidence?
i oilier words, w hether. Lieut. Uooeougbl
) bo suffered to avoid the consequence* o!
, conviction upon prool a luii ted to h^ legal
lid deemed to he sufficient, because tin
uhlic prosecutor attempted to sus'nin o'hfil
barges ?lt:iinst hun by proof which tin
iccuse1 claimed 10 lie illegal. Toe cour
narti-il thought not?the law officers o
lie Government thought not?the Serr?*tart
if t.'ie Navy thought not?and I sustains
heir u t i 11 i opinion. No principle is he I*
er established lit courts of law than that .*
lew trial will never be granted on tin
{round of the introduction of illegal testun
ny. when the verdict complained of is fulh
>Ustained by proof to which there was n<
hjection?toe common sense and juslifi
which rule will be ut once obvious t<
very ingenious mind.
Th s d-sposes of ilie case of Li ut. Hoof
is far as i was parsed upon ei'her by th<
lV ivy Department or myself. But it does
1 it as you will perceive, touch tae questim
is to lie- legality oi permitting free black
o te-tify ?ga nst wlii'e persons in navu
'ourts martial. It isohviuusly not so mui'.l
he hid v i loai case, as 1 * ? gener -I prneiplt
nhieh has excited yur attention, and it i
hoivloie due to you to give ycu 11 wide
/iew of tlui subject. By your State laws
lacks are prohibited from tes if> ing again;
.vhi:e men. Y >u very naturally, ?s we
rmn ma! consi fern ion as fioni votir ow
*.<.11 i<rw l,?.b u iili reninrnance UDOii their ad
....... .. .. r -D
niss oil as w:intjjsi s Odor H'O Federal tr
[> n Is. Tim question, is, whether the law
i. ii nowstiiu>Is, authorizes their admTsioi
n 1 if it ?lo \s, the nex is, whetucr the l.r
'Ug'it to b\ and how it ran he, change'
i\.ere in no tici of Congress which prohibi
Lie admission of coored persons us withes
jes in courts martial. It is b?lieved tin
the practice of permitting .In-in to testify
lias been uniform, and I h ive not found In
the question has ev?-r before been brougl
up for decision. Indeed, 1 did no: porceiv
that, except by the accused, the illegality (
h -ir adinisNion is even now objected to i
iiny quarter. Tfie officers constituting :h
court. a large ntajoiity oUvfioni wer- Soutf
win gentlemen, of highly respectable star
ding, c ?g. it nit of all tiinr rigli's, and, in n
sense, hahle o the inipu'aton of b ing in
!ispo>ed o sust .in liein. did not, it appear
Itesiui e as to tee legaliv of th?* testunnnv
The D s riot A torney, Air. Key. declare
tlio witnesses to have b*en competent as th
law now stands. The Judiciary Committe
?< onipo cd of profess onal gentleman, n
least a majority of whom could not be so*
pected of a disposition to scie-n the De
partment or tii<* Lxecutive from response
i ny, if ihey ii id sanctioned an illegal net?
sre silent upon the subject, ?n i the very rt:
lolutions even by winch the case of Lieut
Minnt Hooe-wus brought before Congres?
(.'though denohixing t ie proceedings wit
jre.il vehemence, do nor, I believe, aljedgi
nut the admission of th'-se witness's wa
{legal. The matter ro*ts upon very simpl
{rounds : The able men viio (rained th
udieiary act of 1789, wisely adapted it. n
ar as practicable as many of them had as
listed in doing wi h the Constitution ilsel
md us ihey did with most of the early ii in
undamental nets of the Government, to th
>"Culiur condition of tie different Slate
'omposing the confederacy in respect ti
heir local laws and domestic institutions. I
vas to this end provided, " that the laws a
he several States, except where the Cons i
ution, treaties, or statu s, of the Unitei
States, shall otherwise require or provide
hdl he regarded as rules of decision in tri
>ls at common law in the courts of thi
J ruled States, in c ises w hen? tlicy apply
Che consequence of tins provision in res
iect to ties par.iculur ques ion is, .hat wtiei
he Federal courts sit in a Sta ? where, h'
Is own Jaws, colored persons are prohibitei
rom testifying against while persons, th,Ji
n? ?>vcluded in those conr s : ..rid when I hi
?!?te law<? a <ttiit them in ilifc S ate courts
hev are admitted io the Federal courts jil?r?
Such bus lie? n the uniform practice undo
lie act, and all oxcit'-m- nt upon the subjec
las boon by (ha! moans avoided. Hut till
pphes only to Of judicial tribunals of' tin
louotry. The law ol courts martial ha
10; been framed with so much rare. 1 hei
?roc? ed ngs have been exclusively regulate?
>>' in ts of CouiiP-bS wituout reference t<
it ate laws or Sti;? ustiiges. Those act;
i tve never prohibited tli? introduction o
olored persons as witnesses; and lienci
heir frequent ad ii'ssioii in iliut capacity
laniciilurly in n?\al couris in mial. soin1
if I hem almost invariably t ruling a portioi
?i pveiy si up > crow. 1> i be wiong toad
nit tlx in, ihu oul is m the law, and fx
einedy is ;o he io in i only in us aherai.on
[: is gundy not n cessary dial I should sa;
o vou, s r. I lib t is cannot he accouijjlis ;e<
i, ni'. VV? re I eiiher to disregard t??<
;iw as it statias, wn?n a case fordoing si
viis presented, or to at.empf to change it<
?(<e aiioti, there would indeed he cause to
i nop <11111 and ?iu But whilst
i i\e (i??:| tic cons: Ki ionni power to alterth<
aw, | iiuve no hesitation ii say in:; that
lave no; neeii able to discover a suflioien
ason why the rule which pro/ails with tie
ons- n |anu appro >ut.on ol"nil ?:i the judicial
ooui I not !> extended to the military tnUna
Is <)! tltO COJntiA. Toe I? ??*sl?; n*?n o
Jouitress n eessar. to arcompiisit litat ob ct
would lie very simple, n b- in^ onlv
eeessarVjto prov.de that the rule, in re^arl
i the admission ot witnesses in ibis par.,
cuter. Should he fiesam" in both classes
f courts. Some special enactment in reird
to courts ma tia| held at sen, and out
r the jurisdiction of auv State ini^hi be
jcessary, but could easily be adjusted.
Ii is thus seen that ?'(tofts designed to be R
useful in the matter should be directed to
Congress, and not to the Executive. M
1 am, sir. very respectfully.
Your obedient servant.
m. van buren. v
To Mr. Eu??cne Burras, *" ^
Jamestown. Martin county, N. C.
Gen. Me Duffle has published a long letf
ter in the Columbia Carolinian, the first ^
' part of which is a correction of some re. j
J marks by a correspondent of the Charles- f]
I ton Courrier over the signature, 4,An Un[
chunked Nulhfier," and the latter part states ^
some of the General's reasons for preferring
} Mr. Van Buren to Gen. Harrison for the ^
r Pr sid.'iicy. The h:tter is too long (or our f
j columns at ibis time, bur we copy that part (
I* of it which relates to the currency ofthe conn- I
/ try. In correcting errors into which the *
I Courrier's correspondent It id fallen in re.
poring some remarks m idu by Gen. Me $
Duffie at a public dinner ut Abbeville C. H. I
. lie says: J
' On the subject of the Sub-Treasury and j
} a National Bank, I spoke in the same mens- \
l! ured terms, that 1 did in a letter published
3 more than two years ago; believing tbut j
both parties placed an extravagant es'i- \
' ina e on the benefits or evils likely to r?'suh
L* from the former measure. I stated that i be- i
" heved the refusal to re.charter the old Bank t
II c:f the United States?-a measure for which
* the whole South, Whigs and D -moTHfs, c
were more r sponsible than Gen. Jackson, j
1 as their voles decided it?was a great puh- f
" lie mistortune, as it h is given rise, as 1 pre- '
dieted it would, to a blind clamor lor a f
r similar institution, which would now be u '
/ mere par y machine, and wlnca woulu be
utterly impotent either to reform the cur. ^
rency, or give reli-d' to the embarrassed (
l'1 portion of the community; Tuat a B ink i
! with a capital ol '.15 or oven 50 millions of *
I dollars could not possibly con rot 1 000 j
Banks with a capital of 400 millions; and (
' that if it could, ii must be by compelling tne (
|V Sta e Banks suddenly to contract their cir- i
* cul i i )ti, to an extern, that would gicady 1
N increase the sufFrings of the indebted class.
es. Thai, in the absence of a National 1
II Bank, (be Sub-Treasury was tiie only re.. <
f* maining alternative, unless we returned to I
11 the uotorous pei-B oik system, wbicb gave '
" o the Federal Executive a more daugeiou^ ,
r and corrupting influence titan any scheme
ev?*r suggested, un?J w.irh hah been con. '
' demited by experience, and denounced by 1
e both par i'-s in succession : That though
'* I did no: believe the Sub.Treasury system
* uould give us a sound and uniform eurreti?
r-'nev, it would certainly withdraw from the j
Bunks, lli.il stimulus to excessive issues, i
s which the use of the public funds ns priv- <
* ate capital, had produced to so ruinous un
!S extent, in 1837 and ilius ttnd greatly to p e
*' vent fluctuu inns in the currency: And, !
e finally, that 1 believed die currency of the
11 United Stat"s, had become loo vast and J
'* compl'caied a system, now essentially d?- ,
pending upon th?* sovereign States of the I
>m Confederacy, to be regulated by a Federal 1
Bunk, or liv any other exertion of Federal
1 authority; and that ? ach S ate vonld Mhv< ,
to take care of its own currency. That
ihe great evil, was not so iiuieli tfie dilFr^
ence between the currency of the d fT r? ti." I
ri States, at the same time, as the difference in 1
* the value of the currency of same State, at
' different fmes: That the former produced ,
only n*i inconvenience to merchants and <
N tiav? llers?die exchange always ronforui- 1
'* mg substantial!}* to the in r.n? c difference
' in the values of the r??sp?ciive currencies f
?while tiie latter produced the gro*,t in- \
'* Justice. of coinu-'llino debtors to pay, in a ?
\J I n .
8 scarce and dear currency, what they con. 1
11 ir ?ct?'(J to pay when i whs cheap and abun }
' <Ih111.* That th" idea enter aine<J bv sum**. t
^ tha: the Cotton Planters paid the Hitf-ronce ?
in the exeliango between tin? North and 1
I f
the Soutn, was almost precisely the reverse j
'* of the fact, lor if tlu-y sold their Cotton y
here, the purchaser added the difference ol K
s exchange to the price ol'the cotton; and il f
* they slopped it, they could sell tiie bills
I drawn against it, at a premaim equal to the
1 j d fferenee of exchange; nnd that almost
' every planter obtained a premium upon I
one thousand dollars worth of cotton, when; 1
f he paid a premium upon one hundred doL 1
n lars worth merchandise; But that, m fact, f
* was neither a gain, in the one case. I
' nor a loss in the other; the apparent exr
change being tn'-rely the difference be. '
1 tween the values of the different curren- 1
* cies.
a
8 Contents orthe Farmer's Register No. VIII. 1
; vol. VIII.
} Original Communications.
8 Observations on ihe earliest marled districts
of Prince George countv.
Queries to ascertain the action of she!
marl as a in mure, and answers as to the ^
oldest m-rled district in Prince George
' county, Va.
1 1 r\ ?
Answers to Queues:
I. Bv James If. Cocke, of Bonnacord
II. By John If. Bland, of Fountain*.
' III. B.' EIw. A. Marks, of Barley. '
j IV. By Jo.in H. M irks, in regard :o Old .
K Town firm.
} V. By Lt. Harrison H. Cocke, U. S. '
N., in regard to Evergreen
r j farm. \
I VI. By Elgin Russell.
VII. By Dr. Bland, of Jordan's Po'nt. '
j VIII. By Edmund Wilkins, of Sprmfield
t farm. 1
IX. By Wdhain Wilkins.
" It . I II II ; _f LI .
j A. IJy ll.civira :>i. nurnsonf 01 num.
in*?for? farm.
f XI. By Edmund Ruffin. in regard 10
Coggin's Point furm.
. Conculding remarks, on the Queries and c
I Answers.
Cautions for purchasers of silk reels. Silk "
, culture his year. '
Marling in Nor.h Carolina. *
Editorial reply to -'Query." J
The oppression of the fence law, and the '
I dawn of r lief.
I I
w *-r-'. "
t W '*
.emarks nnd inquiries in regard to Mr. 1
Seidell's change of rotation. sny*
loathly commercial report. sum
Selections. 8,!l 1
p|an;inz-. ,
Inking una cutting hnv. j
ournalofa recent visit to the piinripal n
vineyards of Spain and Franco?eoueluded.
f
articles used n? food for horses. ?
lun floWT plant. liuv
!*!k? hollow horn. An;
Lecaptulation of the effects of calcareous can
manures. ?no
lots, and their cure. con
Lgriculiure in Massachusetts?morals of tun
iubor.
To preserve cucumbers from insects. bro
chicory. W'1
/Ojfii sown for forage. 1C8!
)es'roying bushes. ne:l
Jcrkshire hogs. din
Jonsid'-rntion on the means of diffusing bel
knowledge iti marling in South Carolina, on
Itngnnnt water. u^'
9
\gricultural moralities.
d? rks!iire hogs. W,J
The small farms of B lgium.
Extraordinary sale of lox-hounds. Ar
ud silk-worms of Assam, and lln ir pro. 'en
ducts. apl
d'-ns' Eggs. . co.
iVheat after oats. gr?
, an
American Enterprise.?Under lliis ciption "it
he Hurrisburg "Kovstone" of the 2l)th st.lcs Ar
'that the Emperor of Russia by his agent, has ;ih,
dosed a contract with Mr. Morris, of Philadel. . >
?hia, for "two hundred Locomotive Engines," L]
'?rty of which arc to In: del-ver.d each year? -Uf
or which the Einpcror is to piy J$l.4ls0,0C0. ??V
rhese engines aro principally to run upon the s-,?
rreat railroad, now in construction between St. {J^
Petersburg and Moscow."
RICHMOND, AUGUST '22 Steam Boat Exjlosion.?Yesterday
morning, about six u'c ock,
he steuin tow-boat Jamos Gibbon, Captain Sk.nner
was blown up by the explosion ot In r boi!- C<i
sr. Two of the hands won- blown off, and have 'ft
iOt been fmnd. Capt. S.'s wife fnl motlur in- j
law were scaldod, the former badly?tliiej of his
children on boird, and a servant, were a.so sealJ?d
one of his children, u liltlo boy, di.d in a n J
ihorl time after the event, No other persons .In
received material injury.
ft is rvqtimnfnd thai the Eo iestiiJII Statute of
Washington projected by the Philadelphia!!* will '>1
:<wt $50,000 when completed. The base of the i Ik
pedestal is designed to be constructed of New
hlagland granite, and thirteen steps, emblcmical
jfthe tirst Conf ;dcralcd States, uf Pennsylvania j(.f
mrble. I he einbe.lishments on the Pedestal
will iilustrute four of the most prominent scenes -v*
In the life of Washington. It wilt be an honor "1
>o the public spirit and Patriotism of the city of Ti
Penn. y(]
Hp
MADAWASKA.?The Bangor Whig states 0u
that Colonel Paiks, the Marshal, has returned uj
froui the Madawask Territory, and that the populalion
of the settlemeiil according to the ecu.
sus which bus been taken is 3500. t'
lie
Amusing JnciuEmt.?The Baltimore Clipper Pa
ays: On Sunday last several ladies in com puny llu
with gentlemen came into one of our churche-; |]ji
a* the heat was excessive, and they were with- (Jn
out fans, a gentleman in the choir noticing it.
sailed the acxton, and giving linn n couple o! " '
fans, told lain to hand them to the gentleman at J-'
.lie head of the pew for the ladi s, and aft> r ser lei
rice to bring them up?meaning the fans; in.
itead o. tlio tans he sent the strangers up, us
>vas afterword ascertained.
I ii
Yankeeism.?A young Yankee farm r hip- kVl
>oueJ, soma six months back, to sac a par .graph
in one of the Now York pipers, relative to tue y>;:
irrivil and sale or' a lot of foreign cm ry birds,
inJ immediate y began to calculate if he could
10I niako a good spec in the same busin-ss. lie
Mine to the conclusion that lie could un Icrsell At
.he foreign article, and make money by it. lie yj,
h* rot ore procured some d >xuta of canary birds,
tot them to breeding, and as soon as their young ' .
in ?* were fit for m ?rkot, he made u multitude of
rcry handsome small cagjs put a bird into e ic!i. fit
ind packed the whole on a sinad and h.os cu- |,;i
'iously con?:rue/od wagon, which was also the
vorkof his own h inds, and ofTioNew York,
vliere he arrived ill due tin.e, and ask -d four Ar
loll irs for each cage and bird. From some per. kit
ions ho got what he ask :d? from others some. ?'i,
hing less; but in no case less tli in three dollars [h[
or each bird and cage; and having about three j,,r
inndrod Sirds he must have received jbout
JllOt) wthch after deducting the liberal alow. "?t
?nco of #100 for expenses and loss of time, left ho
tint $1000 clear profit. un
[Journal of Commerce.
k 1
The China War.?The off et of the j
^itiiiH war, should there he one, upon our . j,|,
:ommerce wr;th that country, may be infer- p0
ed from the annexed col'o'juy wnxh took at
tldcein the Br tisli House ol Commons, July N(.
3tli. ci?
Roberl Pee' said,44 He .wished to know, c;l
f the Noble Lord It id no objection lo make
lie statement, u hat he considered would
?!?* ci.nntinn of foreign ntcrcliun s, Am
! (? w?
U
pricans for ins a rice, who belonged to :li?* V"
, f
lactones, because, as he understood, in the *
East, a merchant was considered to beion?r .
o the country to which the factory belonged;
l?ut in this country a Dutc'irnhi currying
in business in uri American luctory would
>e considered a Dutehm in."
Lord Palrncrsron said, In respect the *
Jrder in Council ii ha 1 been cop ed Iroririhe 011
jrevious Orders in Council. The course !?
jsually pursued under such Orders in Couii- ?n
:il, tie believed, was to detain the vess Is ?.f
hose that wore neutral, and ulso tlms'wih p,!
vhom the country was at war; and then, if ''
he matter in dispu e was In ought to ari am ex
cable conclusion, both lh?> ships an J the car.
foes were released ; but if war endued, tt<en j
he ships of the enemy were condemned, )r
Hid the neu'ral cargo was restored by tt?e
lenience of n Court of Amimlty duly comnissioned
for the purpose; and if, ufter ho*. u"
ilaies had commenced, any neutral chose
o fix his residence in the state winch was
u war, he assumed the cli iracter of a corn- ofi
non enemy, und would bo treated as such. Fr
pil
Sickness in the Country.?The papers in
roni the interior contain melancholy ac- fr?
:oun's of the health. The YVeiumka Argu> isf
if the 19th *oys: 4,Tho corili has become ?r
a:orated with water, nnd the heal is intense, pu
There is consequently much sickness in ih* b??
own and conn ry. Pljces that have In r tin
ofore been healthy are now filial with s ck I lej
iVe anticipate a fatal September!"
Mobile Register. Jo
0 get rid of a Visiter.?A late writer ^
>'i once had a constant and trouble*
e visitor, whom I tried many ways to
rid of. First, I essayed smoke, which
ho re like a badger; then I tried fire,
li he endured like a salamander.**?
as?, I lent him five dollars, und I have .
1 r seen him sinee!"
rom mexico?the REVOLUTION ENDED;
ly the ship Norma from Havunn, we
e papers fiom that city to the 22d of
just, rontaireng advices from the Mexi*
cupttul to July 28:h. Although but
day later than our previous dates, they
tain intelligence of considerable impor*
I'he rnvolut on, it will be remember d#
ke ou' on the morning of the 15th, from
it'll lime t II the 26th there wis more or
i lighting between the contending parties
irly every day. It appears, however,
t during the whole affair only 80 of the
hgcients were killed or wounded, while
lite o li r hand no less than 460 "peace*
e inhabitants" shared the same fate,
Tnc first overtures lor a compiomise
re made by the insurgents (under Gen.
re??,) on (lie 23d, at the solicitation of the
chinstiop and Generals Herrcra, Mtche.
a. and Angulo. Commissioners were
mimed on both sid?s, and after long
i'.iuiie I confi-Teives, were unable to a.
e. Fighting was thereupon resumed,
J continued, more or less, till the 26th
lusivc. In the evening of that day the
rhbishop wai ed on President BustanV'te,
J entreated hirri ;o stop the effusion of
>od by gran ing lo the insurgen t suitable
trainees for their enluy. At eleven
lock oftho same night a Convention woe
tied by the Commissioners of the ron*
id.ug parties.
Jour. Commerce.
The Connecticut Meteor ?A gentle>n
>i/1ii i ! >? nul r<>tilrnMil iVnm S'fiil ford.
??1 ?? II" "MiJ |MJ? * IM' I ? VIII I ? (W> * ?
mil., s'a < s that in the southern part of
uuibiil, f ree mil?'S from where lie wag,
ragmen! of stone fell to the earth, of the
,a of a perk measure. This stone loll in
private path, ploughing along for some
dance, and scorching the grass all the
iv. No other fragments had as yet been
lad. It is conjectured that the explosion
the body of which this was a part, caused
; ?\ ar.hqu rk':" of the 16 h ult.
A Canadian Heroine dead.?At Lothin*
e, on the 27ih July, at the age of a 100
ars and several months, Charlotte, Quelle!,
the parish of S . Anne de la PocatiVre.
lis lady was one of a number of other
ung girls of St. Antf, who put on men's
pIreland shouldered the musket to drive
it n detachment of English Regulars,
10 were amusing themselves by setting
e to the barns and dwellings of the inheb*
tn'so St. Ann** dunng the seign of Que*
This lady and the rest of her com*
riy fired upon ilie soldiers, who instantly
d, making temporary burrows in tl?-if
rht, to rescue thcr dead, who had fade*
dor lite fire of these brave Canadian
;'.s' At ttie ago of 100 yrnis, and a few
ysonly before tier death, Charlotte, OiK-L .
.could not refrain Irom it hearty laugh
tt?e Hioiigiit that she was one who had
?de tlii! best sl.o s. She has left two
ugh ers. the ?I,Jest of whom has been a
fu tor 5o yeais, tl?e second has just lost
r hush ind alter a happy union of 53
irs. ?Sioun'on {Vl ) American.
Contagion conveyed by a Letter.?The
iiru-t No. ofiiie Ainvri -an Journal of the
*?:ic-1! Soi'-ii'-es relates a singular instance
small |>??* contagion. Mr. Robert At. ^
iison of Lancaster, Pa., was seized with
i s ii.>11 j?r#x in Decernbei last, and after
ssmg Ilirou_li a severe sickness with the
leas -, recovered. Afer his recovery lie
ore a leter to his hrotlier. Richard At- *
ison of VVclUville, Ohio, giving an acnnt
of his *i kiM'.ss, i'he fetter was writi
on glazed paper and seal'd wi h n wain
dm usual manner. B?drg detained on
' road by the great snows which fell ft.
ut that ii me. it did not reach Wellsville
ril two or three weeks afcr it was written,
er receiving the Jitter, Mr. Richard Alison
opened it. and carried it in his vest
< ket for several days. About one month
erwar is lie was taken sick with the small
x an i died. There had been no cases
Wellsville or near that placo for * two
urs, Miid no other c ?use of its introduction
lild bu assigned, than the letter from LauSt?T.
Frog Found, in Coal.?On Wednesday
nrnuig an two colliers, George Rosa and
nvs G ?r?l? ner. were in one of the rooms
ill* Old iMuirfield Pit, at G irgioston, they
Mid a living fr"g embedded in the solid
in of coal, at least twelve fathoms bcuih
ilie surface of the earth. The niche in
lie!) it had lived was perfectly smooth inIr,
of the exact shape of the frog and withi
a cra' k or crevice to give admittance
air. The hind legs of the animal are at
i.si a third longer than usual, the fore legs
nrter, the toes !o g -r urid liar Jer, and its
ncral colour is of a bronze shade. It
ipcd briskly about the momen* that it wa?
cavilled from its narrow cell. How maeeuturies
it has bven siiut out from light
d air, and entotnled in its dreary dormit.
Y% it is impossible to say?certain it is,
ii altliou^n diminutive in form and with
fat brilliancy of eye, it has n most anteuviun
aspect.?Edinburg Courant,
*
Something New?Among the candidate9
ered yesu iday Cor admission to th *
eshman CI i*s, at Cambridge, was a pu?
of the Perkins Institution for the educa.
n of the Biind?a youth of sixteen, blind
>m his birth. Unpaged a perfectly sat*
act >ry examination in all the branches,
d was duly admitted. lie has beeft a
pil oftlie insritu'ion over six years, and
s ncqijired, bosdes an aeqi.a-n'iince with
i br inches requisi e for adu ission to CoL
je, a knowledge of the Frnch language
J of the science of mutic.?Boston Mere
ur. ^