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V , rr *? 'f, * i v ; ' VOLUME V. * 3g0' 9B4.&&B&W) ."*-' . EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. TERMS; IfpaiJ within three month?, . . $3 00 Ii DiiJ within three month? afler the close of the year, 3 50 If paid within twelve months after the close of the year, ..... 4 00 If net paid within that time, ... 5 00 Two new subscribers will be entitled to the paper the first year for/re dollars, paid at the time of subscribing , and five new subscribers for ten dollars paid at the time of subscribing. No paper to be discontinued but at the option of the editor till arrearages are paid. -Advertisements not exceeding sixteen lines, 4 inserted for one dollar the first time, and fifty cents, each subsequent ins irtion. Persons sending in advertisements are requester ;o specify the number of times they are to be inserted; otherwise they will be continued till ordered out, end charged accordingly. fUTThe Postage must bo mud-osi alleominue5?SSS^^SSjfe^KESEE^e=!^=S5=9 " From the Cultivator. ^DURHAM CATTLE?CROSSING-. Messrs.'Editors.?In the March number of the Cultivator, in a synopsis of the pro-, ceedjngs of the Highland Agricultural So. ciety, you publish the remarks of Mr. Heroit in relation to that family of the Iinproved Short Horn breed of cattle known as the "Alloy"?so incorrect in themselves, nnd so misleading in their tendency, that * they should not be suffered to go forth without correction. The conwction whioh . Mr. Heroit appears in to the^Iighland Socie y, and the fact that he sp aks as from personal .knowledge and observation, attach to his assertions a aegree 01 creuii, which ih'-y do npt deserve. ' The history of-the precis') manner in which the celebrated crass between the Short Horns and polled C?Howays was effected, from which sprung the Alloy, though of little importance compare'! with the great point of?/A? consequences of that cross?should nevertheless * be truly stated for the information of suecording breeders,_ and even this, Mr. II.? Jias ndt done. The following paragraph, which I quote from the London Farmer's Magazine, (tti? substance'of Which was given in the Cultivato^) presents bis assertions in full, on bdth points; MIn the number just published of the Eng. tosh Agricultural Society, a d stinguished n-.bleman, in his article on the breeding of ca?t!e and sheep, has been led into an erro>: for that noble lord says?'' The most successful cross between two different breeds of cattle, of which I am aware, was theona between a Durham bull and n Gcrl- ? loway Scotch cow, ma le by Mr. Charles Coiling. The produce of this cross sold for enormous prices at his sale, and at the present dayM majority of the best Snort4Homed c.iltie are descending from iU This is certainly mistake. The prose was betwean a G.didWav bull "and So<mv Horned cows. From this crow were fjjbduced gev era! splendid females, but c?entu?lly be Sincd neither famejior profit by the Itpcriwit and. although by this time carefully guarded against the Mood thrown in by this cross, which haa?ever since been techicalty polled the Alloy.w *' The "nobte lord" so categorically, set to . right by Mr. Herjot, was Earl "Spencer,* ^ the President of the Engl sh Agricultural Society, of the Sinithfield Club, dec., and psobubly the most extensive brcederof pure - Short Horns in the world! It does not appear from the Herd Book, that Mr. He roil has ever been tf?e breeder or owner'of one! . The foil iwing is the real historjf of the cross, by the Rev. Henry Berry, nnd as it is adoptod by Mr. Youatt in his history of British cattle. It should be remnrked, too, that it is fully confirmed by the Herd Book, (an authority which Mr. Heriot acknowledges in a preceding part of t ic .- rvw> namarftnh. ? nnrlinn of which is OLIO. - r?? r < ??i-ted/) as may be seen by referring to the pedigree of any of thO animals mentioned by Mr. Berry. *Mr. Colbng's Short florned bull, Bolingbrokf-*,' was put to a beautiful red polled Galloway cow, nnd the produce being a bull calf, was in due time put to Johanna, a pure Siior t Horn?she also produced a bull calf. The grandson oi Bolingbroke was the sire of the cow Lady, by another pure Short Horn dam, and from Lady has sprung the highly valuable family of improved Snort Horns, termed in reproach t ?e Aloy. How fur the alloy was d?*roga. lory, let facts terify. It will probably be admitted that the prejudice against this cross, w;?* at the time of Mr. CharletfCo'hng's sale. * * * * Lady, before mentioned, at fourteen years old, sold for two hundred nnd six guineas. Countess, her daughter, nine years aid, for four hundred guineas. Laura, ^another daughter, four yeargpld, for two hundred and ten guineas." ISfajor and George, two of her sons, tbd1 Tomer three years old, the latter a calf, fat two hundred guineas, and one hundred |i)U thirty; beside a number of others, mo? remotely from Lady, which all sold for high prices?in fact, in a sale of forty eight lots realizing ?7,115,17s.? Lady antf" her descendants sold for a larger ^ sum than any other family obtained." The sale here referred to affords a prct. ty decisive cbmpv?n.|fy on tho statement, that Colling "gained neither fame nor profit by the experiment!" Mr. lleriot's closing assertion in <tbe parngraph quoted above, that breeders who possess the best herds, have always carefully guarded against the blood thrown in by this crop*," is as inex^ cusably untrue. Earl Spencer, Rev. H.Berry, Mr. Charge, Mr. Champion, Majffrr Better kno#n to b"eedars pei'iapj under hi? former title of Lefd Ahhorp. * ** , rfK> 4 . :p| . " 4 IBM J1 JVD h C1IERJ Bower, Mr. VVhittaker, and a multitude of others among the distinguished breeders of England, have bred the Ailoy, and many of them have given n decided preference.? This was par.icularly the case with Mr. VVhittaker, who, until his retirement, was perhaps the .most fashionable breeder of England, and the most successful seller of Short Horned stock. His bull ^Frederick," considered by him, I believe, the best animal of the kind in England, and ' Charles" (sired bv the latter) the names of one of - * r i * which occur in too pecngree 01 uimosi every animal bred by him, were of the alloy.? Mr. Berry's Actonia, whose portrait graces the work on cattle in the 'Farmers'Series,' as splendid a model of u Short Horn cow as any known^ was of the Alloy. The American breeders almost to a man,* have bred more or less deeply into .this blood.? The names of Williams, Munson, Rodman, Powell, Rotch, Orne, Henry Watson, Clay, GihV>ns, Bement, the Messrs. Ajlen, the Ohio Company, &s.? occnr to- me.? Co.1. Powel's imported bulls,. Gloucester, Bolivar, Bertram,* &c. were alloyed.? Wye Cornet, (owned by HenrJ Watson) so celebrated in the'eastern and northern stales, possessed this blood. The present President of our State Agricultural Sociely, accordingly the most eminent breeder in the state, though commencing with animals ol^ar of ths alloy, has since intro. diiced it into hi9 herd, and his stock of bulls for several years have ull been irtlhs strain. 1 might go on with the enumeration,' but perhaps enough has been said to test conclusively the correctness of Mr. Herioi's assertion, f The consequences of Mr. Colling's sue. cessful experiment, hove established deci. sively, the correctness of the principle of crossing, where circumstances require.? He resorted to it to obviate the deterjora. t;on produced by in-and in b; ceding which was slowly but surely leading to a hereditary debility ofcons itution. He not only renovated the blood of the Short Horns by the rre-w infusion, without injury to them otherwise, but with masterly skill he imnroved a breed already near perfection, by p. - _ engrafting on it the peculiar excellences of nnolher breed, in the main far inferior!? This splendid solution of a much mooted and very interesting question, is too important in its general application, to be lost sight of or discredited under the assaults of any of that antiquated class of sticklers for the ancien regime of Short Horn blood, to which Mr.Jleriot seems to belong. Mr. George Contes (compiler of the HerdBook) was a memorable, example of the same class. Once the possessor of one of the most valuable herds of Short Horns in England, he disdained to cross with the alloy, and Charles Colling soon distanced : him in the competition for popular favor.? Mr. Contes' herd sunk into obscurity and disrepute. J I do not design to be understood as advocating any new cross, having for its object the improveffi'nt of the full blooded Short Horns of the present day, Asa variety thfty do not need i', ,Thnt system of an ijjrdnddn breeding, which once made it nccessaryftiHs a general thing, long since been abandoned. - It seems astonishing that intelligent breeders should ever have been wilting to permit the incestuous connexion between the sire and his own progeny, his progeny's progeny, and so on the third and fourth generation, yet such was the fact/ The sire and the grandsire of | of the celebrated Comet, sold by Colling j for $5,000, was the same animal, Favorite. The H^rd-Book abounds in instances where this direct in. and-in breeding has extended much farther. Indeed it was difficult, when the entire variety consistod of but few ani . ?.l a nnaran. with mats, to nvoi'j cihh*-it aubu ? v?MIH..r out merging to some extent their newly at* Francis Rotch, Esq., of Louisville, Otsego Co. tNoto by the Editors?The error ofthe Iferiot is ably exposed by our correspondent; but, as the subject is one of considerable importance to the c.ittle breeder, and has been much misunderstood in this country, as Well as, it seems in Eng and, we have introduced hero a statement by H. Ccrttercll, Esq., oncoftho best authorities on the matter. It is from the Fanner's Magazine for DeC. and corroborates full)* the position of our correspondent;? ' In the next paragraph [of Mr. Hcroits statement,] Mr. C. Colling perceiving that by continuing this close brce.iing, he was rendering the slock delicate, took the remarkable step of putting a Galloway bull to somo of his best cows: and that a noble lord [Earl Spencor] was in crror in saying, 'The most successful cross be t?nnn i it? hrowls of cattle, of which ho was aware, was. tho one bctwoen the Durham bull and a Galloway Scotch cow, made by Mr. Colling,' "Here, again, Mr. Ileriot is in error. Mr. C. Colling did not breed as hero asserted by Mr. Ileriot, nor aro his Improved Short florns got by a Scotch bull, but tho cross was asserted by his 'The celebrated cow, Lady, (page 351.) was got by a grandson of Bolingbroke?-dam, Phoenix, by Faljambc. "The grandson of Bo'ingbroko (No 285) was got by O'Collaghan, son Bolingbroko?dam by C. Collittg's lame bull. "O'Callaghan, son of Bolingbroko (No. 469) was got by Bolingbrokc?dam, a red polledGalloway Scotch coir. "What breeder of Improved Short "Horns would not be possesnd of Major, or Western Comet, Lady's son and grandson. "Thi*gentleman [Mr. Ileriot] appears to bo runinga wrong scent. Ilubback's pedigree was endeavored to l>o stained by tho assertion of | having scotch blood in hirn; not only John Hun. ter (whoso father bred his dam) denies it, but Mr. I Charlee Colling informed mo, that he bad not the least doubt but Hubback was a true bred Short Horn." ? II have never known a pur* Short Horn that would kick; and rarely a bull of this brood any ago, that wouid even menace with his horns.? The grades invariably, so far as my knowledge has extended, preserve the characteristic. ,, * ' > * * K 11 Si 9 MM Hjw-CT TE R .1 II' .1 LW, SOUTH-CAROLINA, ' i lained characteristics. ^When those char- t(> acteristics became sufficiently stamped on the ri< improved breed, to render their hereditary at transmission certain, Colling* had"recourse to 0f the Galloway cross. Had Bakewell resorted ^ to a similar step, it is probable that the once J famous New Leicesters would not have passed aw ay as they have done like a dream.-r- "j The number of Short Horns is now so exten- ?' ded, that it is practicable to, breed from affini. Pf ties too remote to produce any evil consequent ct cos, and, assumming that they are already the ai best breed. lt is, as I have already remarked, p. unnecessary to cross them. 0 jn But, if a breed ''near perfection," ^ have been improved in certain parHcula^f by admixture with an "inferior breed," the ^ same experiment cstablshod conclusively j that the inferior breed received tl>e gratest ? advantago from the cross* In ot|ief words, ^ Lady, und her descendants wero more improved frofft'the Galloway cow, frofn ?v which they sprang, than from their Darh'am f" ancestors; but with ihis-difTerencci?the Short -v Horned look but one cross of the Galloway, ^ and then breed back to the pure blood: the a Galloway blood on the other hand was merged ^ and nearly.extinguished by repeated admix- lfl tare with the Short Horn. This is by no mean* ^ a sol tary example of the improvements effected by judicious crossing and as it is n subject ofniuch interest to our s ock raisers, I will-cite a few examples. The Ayrs'iircs, so celebrated for the- dairy, are, as have dbeen remarked on a former occasion, th- j1 produce of a cross between the miserable ' nnd stinted original breed of Cunningh am, artd some of the earlier Short Horns. The admixture between the Durham nnd Hold. n crness, or, in other words, between the im- lt proved and unimproved Short Horns, was (1 signally successful; the produce being the lu favorite cow of all the English metro. politan dairies. The cross between the Short Hofn and North Devon had increased the jj size of the latter, and very decidedly im. proved their qualities as milkers, Henry S. Randall. Cortlandville. April, 1840. . ^ . w " ,|J y-1 0 From the Southern Cultivator. ON SECURING THE CORN CR<?P, . tl And the value of Us Blades and Stalks. v Whilst so much of the valuable labor of il the South and West is-devoted to the pro- fi duction of Indiap corn, it is a crop upon t; which less economy perhaps is employed I than upon any other known to our range of ( husbandry. Jts very abundance has perhaps e contributed to hfibits under which it has been a wasfefully harvested and prodigally'scaltered fc as food to all manner of domestic animals, a Thoro is an economy elsewhere employed b in securing the corn crop, which is but little C known or practiced with us. Our farmers should look to it?and this is the proper sea. c ( on for turning their.attention to this impor- t tant matter. We are not about to enter r upon a speculation as to what that economy p consists in;,we will notVenture to give ad- \ vice to the hundreds and thousands of vene- b rable corn planters'in the great valley of the t Mississippi, upon a subject with which thev b have so old an acquaintance, and upon which b they should be so well in formed the benefit of young farmers, we wtll make i the timely remark, that there is a diversity < of opinions as to the best method ofsecuring the whole benefit of the corn crop?and that j they may have the benefit of those opinions, * (whilst in all due deference we refrain from j an expression of our own,) wo shall here pro t ceed to present them the recorded views o? a variety ofhigh agricultural authorities, viz. I The President of tho Maryland Agrirult- i ural Society (Mr. Robert Smith,) in an ad- I J ' * ? ? rann pl/nri _ iliuf 1 ureas ueiure we sweicij, una ib>u.nnvu|4<.ii.i " not only corn fodder, but the very corn < stalks, instead of1 wasting their sweets on < the desert air,' may, if well cured and pre. | < served, be converted into nourishing food 11 for the maintenance" of stock throughout the j whole winter season. i A writer in the Farmer.' Register, for I October, 1835, makes the following remarks: i " The value of the corn crop, no citizens of the United States know better, or are more I willing to acknowledge, than those of Virgi- i uia. If they are sincere in this acknowledg- i ement, it will be unnecessary to use many ? wotds to prove the propriety and good sense t of endeavoring to find out the most econo- < mical and judicious mode of saving, not only i the grain, but benefi ting themselves by the j t ofFal, or forage it affords: While it gives n j? j groat mass of food of the trujlagc'> kind, it s ! certainly aids astonishingly in the production | of manure. But these are not all the ad- c vantages that the cul ivation of this grain. \ cluims. If it can be removed ofTthe ground I in time for other crops to succeed in the f same piece of ground, nnd in the same year, i it is no small addition to its claims on the t floriculturist. Ifllie fora?e nart of the corn * "" r* - - * t i ?i crop can be saved with less labor, and more i of the nutritive principles secured in every i part of it, then the plan ought to bo adopted. 1 That there is nutrition in every part of the^i plant, the course of our animals tells us at i once, when the cow, and indeed the lulmgry horse, and mule, will devour with avijity, ; the blanched remains in the field. Aware t thousands of corn raisers nre perfectly ig- t norant of the real extent of the advantages to I be derived from this plant, judiciously man- < aged, I would respectfully suggest to them, ; that during the ensuing corn.saving season, that f will give it a fair trial, taking the foil. : owing course. As soon as tho corn exhibits I blades that requite curing, pull them off, and i cure, which will generally be found tQ.be but few, until the shuck turns yellow,'and the I corn exliib ts a glazed appearance, with con- < siderable, hardness. By this period it will I be discovered that the remaining blades and "* + ' 7**' * 4 .** * .. \fiV T -.Sjr Cr JL 2 ^ ?3 ?~r WEDNESDAY, AUGUT J ps, rail foe saving ; and let this be the ped3 o? cutting down th estalk at the ground, id shocking on the ground, or hauling out "the fieldas cut, aodshocking in nn encloire?diacent to lite barn yard or place here it will be wanted Wfeed away, with ost convenience. There remains no doubt '.the lingular advantugo of steaming every iH-or the refuse of.corn, even cob?if it donev-if it cannot, the cutting up. id letting it become charged wfth the pie-* ffatioil f have suggested, wiifamply secure its effects on the jcatde,. thb suffrage of e [danter who will try iu >441 have found the curing process aided I shoeing about fifty or sixty stalks in the ibck.todns for one hundred, if the shock mAteifltoJy observing to spread it well, at ie bottom, tying at the topjsyith a baiidful f rye straw, and permitting^Wie butt-end of ic slarfks to press into.oreven agMjistnety. r ploughed grounJ. Ifiha weathef ts wclint lay be calkbldry let those shocks stand bout ten. day's?if wet, say twelve; and it miters not if Hie corn is cut and shocked i ar slight rain. My experience of years rould prefer it. * 0> tokihg dowpjhe shocks'to put away, ie%irn m'ay be pulled off*.and cribbed. ,nd if the stalk is to hp cut in the box, f prer shucking at the time> letting thp shuck j.here to the stajk, for the spying of time tid convenience ofcuttiog np. In all cases sprinkle salt amongst my corn when crib. whether shucked or put up' in tlio shuck -as also $very species of grain,-4 ruffage,1 nd hay, when I stpek, that I put up for winir provend? r. It is too late in the day to m-stioii, or be even ignorant erf the advahiges of this course; After taking off* the orn, the stalks, &c.,' may be preserved in ic old foJder house mode. Hut for the reservation of every thing, I prefer -the nard shelter, Rnd open barn. It is true e_ onomy, and that is to me sufficient." The following is an extract from Lorra s's Husbandry.*nd relates to experiments n topping corn : 44 It was discovered early in August, 1810, bat proper grasses for soiling my cattle fould soon be dcry deficient; nnd on the I J.h of that monlh^one row of^corn in a iold of thirteen acres was topped to nscer . a tin hotv the pkoit wou.ct Dear eariy cutting, t was tliougfrE0jfti.il had received no injury. )n the 21at of tliesame mouih, I commencd feeding the cnttle with the tops cut daily s wanted. Tnese lasted until *the 18th of >i*ptember. After this, the blades were tripped, commencing where tho toppings >egan. They fed the catllo until the 6th of * ** In the process of lopp'ng and blading, ino row was left entire, standing between ho row which had been topped on the 20th if August, ond anotner row which was topled on the 2d of September. Th^se rows vere cut off by the roots on the 2d of Octo? >er, and hauled in, and set up separately inder my own inspection. They were lusked and measured on the 8th of Novem>er. , " Produce of row that had not b^cn topped ind stripped, nine bushels ond five-eighths of torn in the ear. One of tho rows which had been topped uid stripped, measured seven bushels and Mueighths :and the o her topped-and stripped row measured seven bushels and Jhree?igths of corn in the car. i4 Thus it clearly appears that mutilating he corn plant before its fruit is perfected* is * Very injurious practice. The injury done :o my crop by this mode of management was clearly seen some time'before the-three experimental rows were cutoff. Through>ut the whole field tho husks were genera'ly Irv and open, except on the row-which hud int been topped and stripped. On this they ?til! retained ti greenish hue and wife close iet to the ear when the plants were cut off jy the roots." The following is from the Genesee FarTvr, for th?? yenr 1836: 14 Farmers the present year have had n ine opportunity of testing the respective Tie its of the two mode? of saving corn by he bottom, respecting which some diversity still appears to exist among tfiose who are the most interested; Ttre frost of the 5th 3fS''p'ember was widely and severely felt; ind while soine adopted the old method of opping, o:hers resorted to cu'lingup by the ground, and when dried, setting up in small jtneks. Either course was undoubtedly ireferahie to lotting 1 he corn stand with the Jead tops adhering; hut we think experience vill convince ull who are cofelul observers, hat cutting at the ground, is greaily be pre* erred by the farmer who wishes to make as nuch as possible of his frost-bitten field of :orn. We krfew of two pieces of corn own. d by the same individuals, planted at nearly he same time, and both equally promising, ivhen their progress was stopped by the 'rost of the. 5th. One of the pieces was im. nediately topped, and the other \vnsras soon is possible cut by the bottom and stalked. ^ lin?l/n/l > olinrl limp Since. 1 llt^y Wl'IU UUlll Iiusnv/U U cnvx - , ind tho owners assured us, that contrary to he expectation of mnny who witnessed the JifTcrent modes of curing, they should get at !east one.third more sound corn frdfti that cut up, than from that which was topped ind left on the hill." We make the following extract from an xrticle on the cultivating and harvesting of fndian corn, by Judge Bael, which appeared in the Albany Cultivator in 1836: ' There is pother question of interest to farmers, which relates to the mode of har> vesting the crop ; that is whether it is best :o top the stalks, cut tho whole at the ground whenpaiii glazed, or cut the whole when %Z E R . , ' ....... .2, 1840. * , the grain has fully ripened. We have 8tn?Ldi ted the experiments of Mr. Clark, of $0rjh- to ampton, one of the best practical farmers of our country, and pf other gemlemeftehowipg til that the graitfjurors a-diminution of six or th eight bushelswe acre, by topping the stallis; .m and there seems to be no counterbalancing sv benefit in the fodder, unless at the expense m of carrying the stalks-to the borders of the m field, thafclhey may be secured before the di cron is rrr.thered, and before th*?y becomo tfi T o blanched and half ruined. .And it is no pro. k< tection against early autunlrial frosts, bofYa. ai ther exposes unripP?d grain ta be more in- 01 jure J. Hence, so for. as regards thi^two' ifj modes, oil who have made <e comparison, .t<? seem to concur jntbeT&pjmoh, that stripping n< the corn of its tops and leifves, is a bad prac- k< tice. \y 111 in np 4^ r m rcfayflf ? Maryland, has given us in the Farmers' Register, iris b< experiments ia this matter, which g</to cor- T roborate ttie conclusion we ha ye drawn, fie pi took, promiscuously, one hundred ears from pi corn that had'beenntopjjed, and one hundred is ears from that which had Tiot been topped. d< growmg side by side. Tue first weighed, al 0:1 the cob, 50 pounds; shelled 41 pounds, hi and measured 21 quarts 1 pint. The other b< on the cob, 56 poundsj^helled 46, alrid men- th sured 26 qu irts?showing a-difference of r* nearly one-fith in favor of the unstripped or I unfopped corn. The (act is, that topping je not only prevents the furthe^elahoraffon of the sap, which'can only take place tn the f)( leaves, and which is 'necessary for the a growth of the corn, hut ii deprives the grain e of much that is already elaborated, and on 0 its way to the grain.". 0 The editor therefore concludes, " that in 0 harvesting corn, the crop should be cut at $ the ground as soon as the gram is glazed." j? A correspondent of the American Farmer, w furnishes tho following, experiments, from p memoranda noted at the time; w "1917. September 20th. Cut down half an acre of common soft (16 row) corn. t| and .put up in* very small 9horks none ex- g eeeding 250 hills. Within forty eight hours |< all were blown down by a storm of wind and rain, which lasted some" days.?Six j( days after cutting, the shocks again put up. ^ When gathered, the grain perfecily sound, but the fodder unfit for food. The blades of^he surrounding corn, stripped at the same time, were much injured, notwiihstan-. ding having taken more trouble than they were wdrth, to save them from the effectqf s the weather. This fi 'Id was new ground, * planted late anJ produced about 20 bushels 1 per ncrej%< v v 7818. August 31st. Cut down tw? a-, cres of goo.d^orn, (just in the slate to begin ( stripping the-blades,)?part immediately . into shocks of 300 io 400 bills, and the re- mainder tweiityffour hours after. N<> rain until the 17th of- September. The. fodder cured well and'tho "corn as sound as any , "part of the prop! ~ ( 181$. September 10.h. Cut four acres in a much dryer state than the gjpreeding. j and shocked after ten hours exposure to the | sun. Heavy rains, September 17th and October 2dfc much of the grain mouldly ( when gnthcred. ' 1818. September 21. Cut an acre of , small flifat corn, on rich low ground,.and put ; into shocks after laying forty eight hours-? j When gathered, not ono damaged ear ob-- ( served. The fodder its good as could have. | * * 1 ' ?!r?o wlipn been looKeu lor, us u wus u?^? r.^. ....v... cut, and burnt still more by the sun before ' shocking. ' j 1820. Cut down sixteen acres of flint corn as soon as the time for stripping arrived, put into large shocks (800 to 1000 stalks J after lny:ng forty-eight hours. The 1 grain proved as good as that left standing. . all having much rot from the. unusual wet- ! ness of the season. The fodder much ! worse than that s'ripped at the same time, and on the same pi<*co of low ground. 18*20. September 20:h. Cut five acres of the common soft corn on a rich clay sod. 1 having allowed it to stand as late as possible * without injury to the fodder'.^?- After laying 1 one cloudy day* put irifojiHocksi of 400 bills. 1 contains, about five busings of corn each. ( Of the ten succeeding days, no* One was 1 clear of rain, nnd the weather uncommonly cool. The fodder cured green and of good j' quality; but# the corn was much injured, j1 about one.fourth being ro'ton or motildly, 1 All mv fodder gathered rn the usual way < - - ? ? ?.i? 11 had been stacked before* me oau treuiiirt .. commenced, except from fifteen acres, I which was in consequence lost. I From my slight experience it seems that the grain of the sma'l northern corn is not 1 endangered by this trea!men% but for the ' most productive kind for a southern climate, | and for the fodder in nny case, the practice is attended much risk.?I suppose the labor 1 of cutting down and shocking, with the con- I sequent trouble attending that mode, to be ' about equal to that of the common practice ' of stripping, topping and shocking; and that 1 the superiority of the former consists in ' leaving the field cleaned for sowing wheat.?? ' There ! we have done our du?y?given ' the best opinions and practices before us to 1 our renders, and in proper season. Let them J ponder them?practice upon them, test them, and report success, forthe benefit of 1 themselves, their fellow farmers, and poster- 1 it y. ; I FROM stuarts stable- economy. articles used in food for horses. [continued.] ^ *1 * I"" ?'? o/iurtrul vnriolips tvlll'rll VMTS. I IICI<in.?">v??.?i ?.-v..? need not be described. Good Oats nrc afbout one year olJ, plump, ; short, hard, ra'tling when, poured into the mangor, sweet, clean, free from chaff anj 1 M-t. ' * * ? J ! ( Jff * ^ ^ '* - '** . J -# ..;-l ** , * -I I" 'l ' ? - 1 , NUMBBli 39. - j ? ??t?^4 ist, and weighin^boui fo*y pouuds yper jshel. * m Nero Oats Are sligbily purgative, indiges>!?, and unprofitable. They seem to resist e action of the stotnacHJ and'to retain their itriment. Tbyy make the horse soft; he ^ats s^(4jifl> mtich at work. If they | u'st be used when und- r three or four on;li<^old|mey may be improved by kiln. 1 ;yin?- ?They are not good, however* iey ar| abotrt .a year old. They may*he 3 ?pt till too old, when they become musty4 id full of insects. The period at vqjiich J its begin to degenerate depends so much * ? pon the manner in which tney are harvest d and preserved thatihe age alone dfcfafa 5 ?-e for rejecting tlifcm. Tliey can be edfin gflod condition for several years. iCMijwiiSWS/ * 'hey ore^fOt through this process to im- > .1 'ove their dolor. A -good deal of the $ul-* fiur adheres to the husk of (ji0 oat, which of a pretty color. A li'ile-sulphur cannot a the horse .any harm, , but light small oats asorb a considerable qu ?a*ity. The sulpjr is easily detected by rubbing the- oat# 4 lJ - ufnr.-rti.rt Wh^fl 31 ween me nanus ? nu?> fe sulphur is in large quantity, the horses jfuse the oats, or they do not feod heartily, da not perceivo that fumigated oats ars ob? ctio ha bio in other respects. . Ki/n-driedOuts nro- those which have een dried by the ap;?ic<iiio?>offire. They rc generally bhumt(J for producing diabet* s; but thougtfhnis "disease-'is. common enugli, it does not appear wherever ktln-clried * } us are used. In many parts of Russia* ats and all other kinds of corn are kiln* ried in the straw before they Ore stored, II ; not likely thnf-this would be the case if it rere'so prejudicial to the oats as many peale imagine.. ^Mokt of the kiln-dried oats rhich nre grven to horses have been damn, ed before they were dried, and I suspect iat,lhe injury rtceived in harvesting or ia taring has moreio do with .diabetes than iln drying has, ? ... Bad Oats.?Some oafs are light, contain* ig little nutriment in proportion to thfir iulk; some contain much dust and cfca? mall stones, 8nd earth; these can hardly be ailed gocxPbats, yet there are others which ire much worse. -Liglrt, husky, and ill. ilennsed oats may b? sweet and wholesome; f they do little good they do no ipirm, but iome oa's arc positively injurious to the lortfe. They may please the eye tolerably well, but they have a bad smell and a bjtter disagreeable taste. Horses do not like them. After the first day ortwo they begin to "refuse them.? That whielAhoy eat pro* duces diabetes, a disease which goes under rhariy names. The roost common are staL ing-e vil and j aw-piss. itlo not know hour the onts obtains thi^ diuretic property; many, as I have said, attribute it io ktiff-drying, many to the bat*having been heated, undergone a Utile fermentation in the stack or in ;he granary, and a few ascribe it tojfe oats being ill harvested, musty; or half-rotten before they are got off the field. Oats may be frost-bitten, damaged by insects, or in- " ? * lured in various other ways, but it seems >.' yet uncertain what condition .they are in when they produce diabetes; or whst makes them so strongly diuretic. There is no doubt but heated oats will produce diabetes; but whether any other alteration in the oats will have the same effect I do not femur. Whatever be the cause, the oats must be langed as soon as it is discovered that they produce. Diaheles.?It is the same disease as that which arises fom th* u9e of mow-burot lay. The lueses urinate ofien: the urfne " . it u s qnitd colorless, and i? is atscnargcu mmense quantities. The horse would drink orcver, and the water is hardly down bis hr< at till it*is thrown among his Feet in the "orm pfurine. In a day or two his coal stares, Ve refnsp.s to feed, loses flesh, and bccoiM vxcessively weak. He may For ? time cooinue at Work, but if he catch cold; and ~renain at work while he has both the cold and Jiubores upon him he often become? glaod?red. .* * - ' The horses may not be all alike. In a largo sfyd some are always more.affected by these bad oats than others. The worst oust go out of work for a. while, and some xhers must be spared as much as possible, while a few may continue at their usual ejn. ploymont. The'oats must be changed. Give slenty ofbeans, som? barley,.and good hay. Let each horse have a lump of rock sak, *nd a piece of chalk in his manger. Put somo clay and bean-meal in the water. Carrots, whims, or grass may be given with benefit. But by changing the oats, and diminishing he work, the disease will generally disap-* pear. If all these means fail, medicine must be tried. A veterinarian will furnish that " * * ? ? will arrMf af the proper kind, our waning the disease permanently unless the oafs bo changed. If no: very bad, they may do (bp horses in easy^wo'rk. But while a horse lias diabetes, beicannot maintain his condi* ion for full work, fie .vould lose flesh though he stood tip to the knees in corn. There is a kind qf diabetes wh eh does not proceed from had food, h is accompanied with a good deal of fever, and requir. ?s different trenfmenf; it may be suspected when the food has not been chang1 but the eye is red, and the mouth hot, an<^ tjho horse is dull for a day or two before the sUling.evil is upon him. ^ % Preparations of Oa/s.-7-Most frequently oats are giv?*n raw and whole. Butoccns, ionally they are bruised, or coarsely ground f Sometimes thev are boiled, and sometimes germinated. There is no objection^ bpm* v '* 0^ ? 1# *3T ' * ' ?