Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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At a gently pice, he m >y travel a low mil s i to day, but ho is unfit lor a journey to,mo.\ ' row? By cul'ing the grass.and bringing it { to tii*' stable, the horse may be saved tiio.jji-i borWcollating it; but still ho can render I ferv Htilo service. Grass, however, or green lieibage of j somo kind, is given to nlmos^ill iiorses du- j part oftlteyear. The young imimals,' from the time they arc wontied till they are", fit fur work, receive grass as long as it can be hfrd-. Hunting and racing colts except- ( ed. they receive Uttfe e!s<\ is coinmoufy believed that grftss has i *om? renovirting and purifying properties, not possess'd by hav nor by corn. It is true .that nli the kinds of green herbage, in - and eluding clov'fiv^ttiiHioiii, IUV.. _ ryegrass, prpdupu ETclian^e upon the horse. ! Bot Whether the be for belter or for ! worse* is- affother qoe*tion. For the first i two or iforee days, jgreen men* relaxes the bbw r*and HicnUst-s tlie secr^'tioa.of i)rine*j , unci of pe rsphration. Very <4ien "it produces an eruption .on the ?k in,'particularly - whan, given along with a large allowance of corn. &*?* t4ie horaeiv permitted to eat what he fdeases,-the helly becomes large. Tliese effects nw?y be termed immediate. They, ?r? most apparent at die coiothehcemen?.. but y? vis bki so long us the horse reaves any considerable quandiy of grass. Orceii meat produces other ?fleets not .so cngijy traced. Wounds heal more kindly, inftam. MKitory diseases qre n t So fatal, and citron c diseases frequently a We, or they entirely disappear under the use of'grass." The horse, however,- is. always %<H), whejj; fe.T much on green meat- lie" sweats a great dfeul, and is soon exhausted by his work. " Clover, Ryegrass, Tares, Lucerne, Saint fain* oiul the Oul-Pianimrc all" used, as green mem. So f;fr as 'die horse is .Con. ce lined v ope sdefm-to be as good-as~:my of theiflhe.rs. Tltey appear to produce the same effect ay grass. Affkid such variety we might cxtveot to find some difference, . "bnt I have not been able to .perceive any. Some horSes, indeM,dij$e one article betterthan another.*but tlris seems to be ware . tnon% lor no one.of t"htm app-ars to be grn-y era lly* preferred nor rejected. There are ' tutwAv^r.ds to the comfvir vtnuusTj/iH'w.ii ? - ( ntive valueof rho>e urrieleS. Some I'fllrm. Hint clover is loss ruti'mous th'm ryegrass, some thnt lares fire poor watery fj*?dmgs ?od others that Iu<*ecno nnd,sainfoin are tine .U-fii of tlte whole But nfinan on Hib* suKjfK't seems to?be quit^ vague. Whatever one nfftrms, abutter jjtill be fouR'f'to dewy, lii Secrtariil. hjeemfc tu-d sa ntfoin are v?*fv i'de us d ; but etovtfr, rv ?jia$i, aijW tares, a re gi\ en <*.<<h In -iliftfr season, as'tfone wojp "trqu ! uo :iiH?i.?e'c* " ' 3 iH.g, wheat, rv?y .mid o'its,. the wJudeIflfii t, i.n> some:lines; bat very seldom," riud , never r> gulufly used us food for J)orseu. Cabbage, .and some other gree r .a r.ielos, arp eaten, but they deserve lio particular net.'?e* Several, which form tfie ordinary greeu. met1 of horses in other countries, are not grown here. The leaves and clippings of the vine are much usedin many parts of FVaoce, Whin, Furze, or G'jrse. This is an abund ant and cheap plant.' It is very good green meat for horses, aud is pfoefcrtd w hen tliere is no other. To sicjc horses k is an .excellent substitute for grass, Grid many will eat it when they will eat nothing e sc ; but i?' has bpeji *ev tensively tried as an article of ordinary feeding. It has long been used iu many parte of \VaIe* and of Scotland, and in several of the -Jriph countries. Mr.Tytler of ftalmain was the) first, I undenuand, to publish a useful accoutd of its properties. His Esray wTh- be found in the filth volume oTthe Highland- Society's Transactions. " It appears eha', far five successive, years, >lr. -Tytlcr (< d his farm-horses from the-begmoiV^gty November to the* midile of March, on furze aftd straw, with a very moderate allowance of ogta during efily a -part or that lime. AI first <?<\ta wcre-given throughou1 vh? winter, but*afterwards.only fropi the' be* 7 * . giouing, at February * am] tli?n only at the rate I tfiMe peu^ds oyoo*., or;ubopt oup-thiifr] of a pcdk. of average /juality^-to- e ch; tbe daily ah Iowa nee of furse during the first' period being twenty-eight pounds and during the .second* . eighteen pour?k, ?witn fourteen of straw. * ? 'I he whin]s were qui -by a womanPr6vi'h d wifli a pa r of stout hedgegloVes* a alteep'*fcin.? apron, a r<>apiu<r-hookr-Hu?l a *forke<i sttok, site drew the plants to berwit.i thu CurK? andxut off the s'tjdjiulent tfhoots bl the yoafc growth. These" being hikJ in bundles coYnpteand by a srokn of the'foot; were ready fbrjcartiijg. Sufficient for a do. j xsui'JibrieOt their/uHest fi ed, could be cut iq sis or seven hours." A rr.ojo .^nd boycart tfd, the load trfthe farm-yard, wljpre the mule was yok'd to bruising-mill. -Thar consisted of an (J J tnill-slonc, mounted upon a !?oibwnial axkflwelve f et long.-attached by an end to a post, round wh eh the stone revolved on a paved circular bed, dight fee t io diamotor.- To tlip other- extremity a awiao|e-tree warning for yoking the mule. I Tko w Mas ^<ir? spread, in the c >urse, -r.nd j turned over until sufficiently crushed. This process occupied uboiit three hours. f>*n?ns? of fe?din^ fiirht *" | fid "II I 'J - f 7' .r-j horses was thus calculated bv Mr. Tytler:? :?rr- - . $oy lo Fe? t0 Fiti March. B d. S. (h ' Woman's wages, <T 6 (i 4 l*aK wagc? of boy, 0 4 0 3 Part keep 6f mule, 0 4 0 3 1 cwt. of straw, 2 0 - 2*0 23 lbs. ofouU:, * 0 0 2 6. V 2 ' 5 . 4 . By-t'uis it n pgeurvth.it tlto. keep ofeach l?ors?, per day, amounted to opiy foucpence tbreiB farthing* in the first periifd, and eighipence in the secowl, loo work was the same as that of othdljP Berwickshire teams, | which-is by no mean^lifcht; and- Mr. Tviior j says, lite horses not only kept, but improved t'-eir ouiudi'ion diriitO ibc whole season ; but . >, v b:-?*n to show u dislnpje -to life whins u' it th-?-<MHii!enc^n?ottt of Spring. - ** run.r is ii?'uer<?ily-<used pit the frontiers . f r :uix* unit Spin; ?vnd ibc British cavalc t\ wntk- 4it lite i^vrtaacesTundtr the L>ukc *lVclll??!on, had no elis r luu'^e. I * According to fte Mot Loihian R<fport | (Append1*, No. VI p. 56). *t has been found ihiit.an ucie of whins is sitfiirint lor six horses, ^during four months; that they ^P! quire two vearqpti) produce*! hem ; that iioiv s. w itU whins, and one ieed "I core, wore in as gaud order !*s with two feedsand straw; thai all the straw and one feed of oats \v?;re thus saved ; that, valuing these at seven pe/ice ?*day each horse, the saving in seventeen weeks, amounted on the six Iter, scs, to Sf> 12s.,?-from which, deducting five shillings a wooK, as the expense of Isutting. and bruising; there would JvrTjiiin j? 13 12s., as the product of l^o acres. Dry Herbage.? in -this country the dry j Jamfharge consists of hay and straw. In.) trance, the vine-leaves are collected and j stored for winter fi>Jd?r. In dm West Ind. ' i s. the tons of the sugar, cane nro deemed U./.V.I., ni.t.it,/v.iu nfu.r rli#?v jiri? dried una 1 IIMII U'?>UU) J ? sweatedla little id' hrm'pa. In a season of j abundance,tricks of the cane-tops.the billends in, are mode rn n corber yf.tiach field > to supply Uje wjmt of pastdYase an(| otter food. These ar'^ chopped suitdta'nd- rtfixed with eoiTtmon snltHor sprinkled With a so fir. ' iion of.inul issc?h.* Maize is sometimes made 'into hay. 44 When Guinea or Indian corn is plant d in May. and cut in July, in order to bear seed, jhat yenr,-that cutting properly pidrfed, makesexcellent hay, which rattle prefer to meorow nay. In like manner, afier the corn has done be irin^ seed, the after crop (lirn'shos abundance of.that.kind of fodder, which keeps'well in ricks for tw.o4 or- threes-ears." 44 In some-places dried, ' ferns, reeds, flat;*, snial! bi-an -hes, o/twigs*' are dricitand'qsed mm substitutes- f<rr lYay.'K UoubHess there aw many otlier-pUiTils.madr into fodder in diflerom parts efi the wpTld. Wh^re C-rnory corn hs raised, the diafFand, j srraw are ?iven to horses,-from wdyoli it is said they dejivo more -nutriment Oiap- frprir hay. . 'x . fl.iY -!?la SoojIanJ most pfthe hay rtsed i for horse* is composed (,f rvgrdss, or rye. ! grass and c|ov?j\ T'm naturaJ hay, whichj is not vers mjjen uyed li<'Ve,coH H,ins several } plants. ?Mi)ch of tire hay in Scotland is had. 4#A good deal is .grown otlpobr kind, nnd ibjs f" is soft, dwarfish, amhJeslnu e oOm.'wi>ent. | Bui h iy irt^M'fierui is ix>t -well m^dd "In i tiie sou fi.it is cured \vi(,li frxire skill, and pro. .served "Witfi more care. The'best we hitve m tijo west ot Scotland js proCur? a ' f rom Stirlingshire,.atjd is composed of ry' gias?' dr?d l?t|K?"clover. , / *In l$oglajiJx!overdiny stands<a highjrc.pule for luirJ-working <hraijght houses. In tho market-it brings 2fkper rent mohfllrtrn meadow ar ryegrass hay. Hard -tipApcT nvadow/is preferr?,(i'for huntprs anrd racers, lx?<niuse (-suppose they, are- ap^- to ent too much tif theelovei\ In.Seo land, ryeg*a<?9, Mr n ni'xtu're of ryegrass npd clover*'is con<i?lvrod the best for a'l- horsed. Hf?re \ve h ^ve aln as/ no good meadow" fliry. and mo?p bfthat made frrtrn tha tpilurul grasses is hardly worth .preserving. Hood Hoy is about a year ohh long and large; hard. 'o?gh^ its color inclining to green, raile-r than to white ; it has a sweet I l _ . II - _ J ! ? . I taste mi ' piP'i*ani sm* li; ine seen is auuntj nt : infW-d io Ju>l wafer, if produces a ricji dnrfr-oo!ored t a. Tlia Joss djjst it ^s about H lite better; but, frorp the soil, and :hfc way in which bty is. made here, if is sVl. dom free from du\t. In dmnp'weather Inv arlw??t>8 much moistun'. and. weighs n ?no<i d<arl the heavier. In Bnglaod. ibe market ' * M M weight of nCw hav is mx'y pourum per f>u?s till tb<r 4*') (if September. The truss ofo'd hay contains only fiffv-si* pounds. AVto Hay upyrpitiive and dchiliuflng. ftsection to h?' d> f8'*pk eff diges ion. The. horse is fond of it, and wjJj.eAt a large giuin^ lity, tnych of which passes through him little altered by the digestive ptocosv, and.ptobnhly retaining u good dftal jnf ?U? outrrmertf. On the other hat Hi, hay which is very old, is dry, tasteless, brittle. The horse pj'-cis. much, and oats little." Old hay is fnucjv *u, commended; but by old, I suppose is m? ant ont r??uiv In the south, nerhnns stacked-hav. " * ' m 1 - " /" flops not scr soort degenerate as in the north, where't, is-CTtnirily old enough in one yf?c. H^at' d Ilay sometimes termed -wcuv^ burnt, tsthai w! ich has un bfgooQ too much fermentation.- fa cbfiog b.fy.i is threwq; in a leap to sweat, llml is, Oil u sh?ht degree of-fermentation takes pjnce, w4iihu is nires? ted "by exposing the Iwyjtb tho ijir. "This/ it appears is necessary fur its prescrvat?on in|he stack. But s metimes.lhe precis i*' cajreied too far, br, more frequently*; i: Ts reexctfed, after, the hay is stored pcty. tfa> that has bfceruhusinju..f?d is not urll idike. Some of ii acqnir's a very, sweet sugary taste; and this portion ic eaten; sonae fd it is changed in-coloMo n dark-brown, and has it texture'altered ; it is short, brmle hs rotten wood, and has a disagreeable ibs e;''liis po 4ion seems to be rejected: another poitmnof' | t!ic same slack is moutdly, sinking quite rou | teji, and no horse will eat :his. All kinds I I hay, however good originally, rnay suffer this injury* When the damage J jus .been sliglit. rpost horses tti!| eut certain portions | of the hay very greedily; they seem to po fond of i: for iho first* wefek, but subsequently it is rejected in disgust. Upon die whole, I believe it is the most unprofitable fodder that hors s can receive. When very -had, | it is dear though obtained as a gift, for it ofh-rj j does much mischief, particularly to horses, of fast**\v<H'k. Much is wasted, and thai" which isdL'ctfen does-liitle good. Ilia almost! ; as poisonous .'is it is nutritious. Slow draught -horses may not, indeed, lie greatly injured by it, Hut good wheat straw nm be better* To fast, hard..working -liors'-s, suelriis those employ ?d in mails, it is a.strong diuretic ;and its djure'ic power does not diuuifisli by use. Hay forms an important j part of the horse's Ibod, par.icularly -oft hosthorses that receive no roots nor bfeikd n\eut. 'Bad hay will change the horstf'siippearanee and condition in two days, tven whwf lie bus an unlimited,quantity ofcorn. I>y bad fuu, I- mean dial w hicb is unwholesome. It may be poor, having little nutriment, hut sweet and digestible, without being pernicious. But good straw is better (ban unwholesome hay for all kinds of ho/scs. The kidneys are excited to extraordinary activity. The urine, which, in ties disease, is al?v ysper i wiiwBlwgBMei?naiP lecily transparent, is discoursed very frequently unci in copious prolusion. Tlie hors* Isoon liebomos hidebound, emaciated, ant I feeble. His thirst is excessive. Hi; nevei j refuses water, and h? drinks as if he uouli noier give over. ^Fhe dseiise does no | produce death, but it renders tjjo h?rse lens. and ruins- the constitution, Snouid hi I catch Cul l, or take tli.u influenza which pre I vailed ho much in Glasgow during the win ter of I8U6. glamlersjs seldom fir oflT. Th< worthless hay is always sold at n low rate and much of it enters the coaching-stables bu I utn perfectly safe that it would beehea p? i; ;oy?ny th<? highest price forfhe best. Orn ton iff* good hay will, unless-lRe men be ex tessively careli ss, go ??s far as tv/o' tons o Uint which is Had. To slow.work horses (howburnt bay may be given with less de tfhnent, hulit is- least un;rofi;ahi.e wftei consumed by cattle. . ^ Musty Hint as known by its bad color, it unpleasant smell, and biter taste. It issof and.coated .with lungi. Like all hay, i?i smell is most distinct w|j?n slightly damp ened by breulliiij* upon it. Old hay is of ten musty, without jiavtng been heated.? None but a huitgry horse will eat it, ?nt when eaten in considerable- quantity it i, snid'to be"bad for thfe wind." In truth, i is >had for every pait of the body. Ir so mo-places l.hey sprinkle this inus y h'tj with a solution of salt, which induces tin horse to cat it* but even thus, it answer.' i>et:er for'bedding than for feeding, and K tluil, purpose-! he horse applies rhejnotji of it Ivtalher bcatek'-Hai/ is ttnit wnich h;n lain in ttuv ward exposed to the iwrin am tin? sun. Ii is ini!9ty,.tull of dart,; sapless bh'pcbhd, or blacken'rd, anil destitute o 'seed. i^iich,-^ls6v is the state of that wKtcl has stood jop tailg uncut. All hay shook *b cut a few imys before rhie se?d is "quia rifle, After it has Tost mrtst .of its seed I and iis juices, little is~ left to uflfuid nufri : i tie in.. ] Salted Hay. wj:h Mich salt Uii: j been minted at- iht; tihria of' Stack in-fit,.*! not imn-liTuseifm Scotlund, -It is uo> to bi hud. ;l cab te(l nothngg aTibut it. 4Iorsei are-said ie ^efe^iuto Vny-athcf. 'principal motive f?fr sailing' hoy is to pre servo it when die. jMitfh'er requires licit j be "starked-before if js sufljoien *v dry.?Sijit prevents or cheeks fcrfften lotion. 1 darkens thir>oJor Uf the J>ay find makes i , wAi?U"* ftwiyh r,"foc saU^Mfhrncts moistOre 3<%Jv I-tWnIc.*<hbUfil nftt- be foroc/d? oiv i)}? liorte. kmay excite too much Uiir?t.? ".Given apurt Vroir die food,he may take al lliut is good jfuf. bitji.. Damaged, liny is of feu sprittklej with sub wat?Yr which seem 'to rWlttfur ii less disgusting, anchnay |>ossi bly correct its bad*pf.o|>e*rci??; it should bi Vetted ur wanted, foJ- it-seen becomes sod den and rotten. The Daily QrianfUy of ffoy-a'dowed ti each horsd must vary vviih quality ale die work. - If die corn be kmifed.'tlin horjg ^%irl eat ti greater weigh! el* porw bay thai of that which is nu r tious. If it be dama g??J, be must consume more titaa if it w?t sound, for he rejects some, perhaps a ball and that wli.cit he cats do* s not furnish si much nutriment. When the work is last the horse must not have so much as t< 'give Virn a large b?dly. Eight pounds o good hay is about the usu^l allowance U last-jerking horses, who titay receive fjon twelve to ftfleen or eighteen pounds of corn Large ikad^t'h.orscs-wdl consume fr?n worry to ttftfiy pounds, but .'he ((Huntity i seldom limited for these. Much, however <l? pemls upon lito allowance of corn. A German a .riciriltirist calculates ih it eij^i pounds, of meadow hay, -or ??vl?n of llw mhde ffom clover, tares, or aainilbirf, nflbrt as inuch nourishment as three pounds a oats. Of the hay raised on poor soils, nan pounds may bp required; A horse, can bve pn hay ?1nd wnfei and when thrown off wftrk, lor a consider nbl? jKiriod, lie often r'ecieves'ntubing ?dse Tliis is pot "always ri/fht. * The horse be comes'so fe- hJu and so.jrot-tallied that it i long frcfeHiter ^rioO yrTlI* restorfi'his condi lion lor v%orJ;. A 'kfde com, some-roots, o a hrun rrvtshf though giyeu only anc? in tw< /fays, will. hidpto.keepjihrt iff flesh. t have heard <lf iho Jiori#tJ>fJiig l^ept almost entire ly hu'.hirt', -rcct ivt'ing.cgrn. only wlien hi . \yns lo l#b used. J would recommend th1 owii'HT to:Coivfln"u IhimstJf to bread atid wa tor foe a week or two* nfitf thon.tty what i l#vf-sie??k vv ifl do. Tlieyo is a materia <hftcren?e between ft8tmg*fo.liv/s and eating to* work. The s/omach and bowels wil hardly hold toflfcirniWy to keep even ai idle horSo tifive. The only preparation which hay .receive: j before ins given*is thjtt of cutting it int< j chafT, iuio short pieces. When giv?n un cut, the groom does, or should shake out ihi I dnst before 'ho- puts -it jii the rack. ~[to"BE continued.] on THtv renovation of the soil. Defer orated by Improvident Cultivation. It is a fctnoi lo be disputed that by im. provident cultivation the best soils in oui country have been deteriorated so forth* they will hot produce one half the umouri of.harvc-t whioh might once have been col * l.litiv'i uii niiirgiviu noguvaii\;c7* This is the ens-*' more p:?r?icularly nt tli< Soutl), on ihe .Yiluritic coast, than in rhi New EnglariH Sutes, where necessity sooner cornpi 1 d the owners of Ut d< t? *u,?pl\ by means of vaii ius manures, theexhtiustulion occasioned-by excessive cropping. In Maryland, ^irjjiniat and.the Carolinai much of their soil which was first cubivaled-, lying within fi ty miles of the coos was ol ito level a surface the plough, after i Jhw y-afs contention with stunts ant snags, found no obstacle in -its progress through u genfintus mould; and wthou mucii Agricul or?l skill to direct as to tin timcunj) maiHi'T of its movements w.isroor taught the tudo lesson of annually turning the-wotId upside down, and loosening it{ suif'^e ior the reception cil seeds that wert to produce an exhausting crop. This anurtl revolution of the surface soi ?allowing it-no rest?no Wine to recruit its wasted, strength?no nvafts to rlhlenish iu dra.ucd bosom with proper and natural nti ti-UTu ir, provcd'^iuiC'St r?s pernioious to tin. 9 ?a??8>**p .[toil as fr? quent political suhverfions-arld rev. ?l olutions do lo^lie body politic?pasting its I! strength m exjfcfihfeiw and allowing no r' time lor the good seeds that had been sown 11 to.take d? ep root and filf the country wi(ji l j perennial J?ui:v? s s. J Th? grasses must tike their .turn in tsft ?j rotation of crops, an?f they rftust not'be nnJ nuallv disturbed. In a -ft* years, if prtv . perly sown, they fill the soH with vegetable i matter, of which it.has been exhausted by cropping with grain. And ht this Way we !. sufler the la nd u to test" from ncvertj iabor . until it has again become qualified to yiefti x up its store* in the-shape.of grain?roPcot. tor.?of tobaco?of flux?ol ITemp?or of f sugar cane. ; ft is no disparagement to scripture that . Moses gavg different directions?on which , we have improved for the recruitihg,. or * rest," of worn out soils. GraduM ims provemenis are rtre order of .Providence} arid Moses was not " raised up" in Asia to g leach the western vvdVId how to manage ih? jr lands. We are not certain that the ancient mode . of suffering land "to rdst" eve y seve nth I year?ha a ring no burthen whatever,?was s j ever ndop'ed by our fathers. Hula practice I t anulagous to 'his has formerly prevailed to I! a great extent both in England Hud in the Nnffy'rn frafe# It is cirtle3 in gngiao'lt tTie"hiked fallnA^ br^'-^ummej.firllow." a In N'-w England it iA known b? Iter* by Hie j nam ;<of ''summer tijlage.'* lub'eih countries the same practice pre. , va:ldtl? Jt consisted in repeated pjbdgh** I' ings of n ??W ttjrough the sVnson.-ajnd suffifiutfno vegetation of any kind to make I* i s-tlp'pparanee. The fundamental drrcirin*' , whs that- the land needed rest?that is, rest j fiffm ibe labor of production; an ftbe rules - ofAlosf-s, if they (Vrre ihOngh^oPitrtbe ; operation, wert^so-Tard?*purJed from ijvif'. niifloug'h tBe^oii Wfus (Tot iriiowtfd to nJCi|" .yet-jt migfrtMv* ucU*d upon"by the plq^sK' . liirnu'di rbe wholo'seasmi, wuhoul atry risk < of fsjKigu"v. i llepoated ploughing^, thrpughfho- sum? * pj?t jiroJionoficoH to urfy roil, be it more .. jvyliciitorlyjo ficnvV, or clayey surfaces. Tfiijy sefye to-ameliorate aRdratinitoumciit*' t <rii%Jiard-snd* and lamps, gndre;table lliem . more r?-ucillyfc!(> imbibe from iJlft- enriebmg .' tpidlftes. . "-Bui after all,*tbese4repented stirt rin^s serve rather to nf^p.ire'a g'oodedd lor a ert)fs>lun to rmiKO a poor soil got)?!.' ? .They fy tbi pulverised earth jo-.yieid op all . the ricljefVit pas^ess^ ra ji.lr tfnrf store k | atfundtrndy with food for future plants. . L iMOIVBRX IMPROVEBTfS IX FALLOWS. s . ?. Ojio..of*iUe greatest-imprp^emei)?s oj r,- Of modern culture consists in substituting , green dal lb \v crop? the nlletl crop?for the. ^'uiikedTaJlow;. and.rehiring life soil as well 3 as the-farmers' children. uhatys to be doing I something. Children are naturally inclined ^ fo be busy, arid t1rt?y should alwt^'8'be ep-^ ? gyt?'df through the dny,*in Iab6uc,1n mmml exercises, or in proper 8pnrts;-but ilian ness-ehpttid never btMolefated. . p Lauds arc qifi.'e as naturally inclined to J bo dfiing something; and they n< ed, through the swrinvr, no rest. Thorns or Hiinles? * weeds or briars, tfrdl1 generally be found in f neglected- fielils, aril this ge?< ral ioeliiin3 don. to bo active should instigate us krturn ) if to good uccount. ?> - GflEfeN 'CROPS PLOUGHED Iff. ' I - * . 4 m i One ofjho besf modes which* we,have trieS lor- iccruning worn out lands, is to L plough iu green, growing crops. VVebavtf I vacjrtus modes and seasons for practising t this, of which we shall give a detuifed ac? j count, promising that we w< uld be undei*. i stood as neglectirtg or -undervaluing the c I usual iBiiourcs .'UJ'I mnaf\s of fertilization in firaotice throughput tho'country. In Virginia awf in Maryluudt many* of ^ thaif- horses arc turned -Co ptisfure in -gum. oner. And from the appearance of some . >vVe should judge llrey haJ much-the same 8 kecprtig through winter- Bu| fmners will . -pt learn?many have leu>n?rf?:hot horses f at grass are ?s$es, that &fty are only lidjf , horses} and will not perform half the labor. t of horses fed iri-the stable. But we would say onmvord'in this-place, ^ m to the value of their manure. When [. jjfOjieilyJii^t irt stable, having no tluor, and . we(j lijie'red with.straws or hoy absorbing a matter, ono-horsc'w]H mplte fifeen [otfds'of most excellent manure?thirty bushels tv I ,~turvf'nt. OK counted bv <he T MIC i|| -jiii j . - , , -4 - ? J coi\Jrke w^Iannually rnakefour c?rds; and ^ that. ig>noug h. "for a <frqissit|g for nn aoce. Kept in liDsTnanner, nil the stale is sated; ^ .CRfl no manure which we have ever tried, x is eqijal-ta if. Ho?-mnnuref?ud.cui)tp6sts . Gwrried ftom the back house?caH- d byjbe ? French pnudntftfc?urdbg vo tp vegetation* sudden start, but north wi)l continue |ot ac: ;4o-v?*ilully si/Ion4- ns w< ll mapag'id ma? nitre fripn the h?r.suitable. " . As many fine horse* in Maryland, *y?rginia, nn I tht?.CuroliiraK urHcept in 'the ntw ble throiiglulie year, we would anil the on r tendon'oPsJUr Southern patronj to this suht jcct. As tliey feed principally with straw ' and grain, and ra se these articles in al;un dance on*their plantations?they hav<* no lack of material for enriching thci"* 'fields 'o a great extent; tiiis attain, together, wita the coiKenfs of lb* hug-pen qnd the cow yard, wliicl) should not b" ajlpwed to ro_ t .main uncovered and unmixed, will serve to enrich a part of the plantation. ( But how shall five hundred-acrrts, in one bodv of exh.njsud. Jtind, be enriched and . mnd<* to produce a crop worththo harvest' ms??! ?nd that litis been run with Indian >? corn until throe barrels :e rim ??ro are'us I mHch.tu* the planter expects, arid more than > ihe blacjts wUh toother and cnrry to-fhe t i rioks. Can the manure of h.jjf a .dozen ' horses, and halfns manv cowsprocJuoe.any ?. sensation on such an extern of impoverished* I plain? j I lt'is a sore evjl to possess so many acres i of land,?some of them, on Geomejriool principles, must lie at a distance from the 1 house. ?nji the biirus?and if Sheds and'lut borers' huls arp-located through the lots, ? all must he often inspected;" and- in any mode of mariagtwfcnt, we suffer from pre: ciscly the same cause us that vvli'cu ufflhets inn himmammmmmfTrmmmamwrnummj i'J? lm some of our merchants and many of ^our! Bank*?|oo g'reatVxpansujti. Afanumvutanoi be corrven H'ntly-carfied lo alH ports of h large plantaiicyi. 'Hicy ! should thoreforebeapplied?to the Grids near < where they aire made; and the'.more distant . fields must be enriched with green crops. Tares are much used for* this put pose in Europe, bat whether these would grow as ! rank and as raptdlvin our dry climate, we. are not certAirf. VVe think they have not j been Atehfi vdly A ried. \0{Us have been sometimes sown to he jdpdglied in,-but they give only a'sxnfhll-iayer when the land is poor. Rye will j?row oa* pqor soils, but we must-use muck seed, or i we iflust lot' it grow, tall, else we have tm' little to bury with ttte plough. i Round turnips fofm a good green crop 1 for the plough, but they will give 110 top in poor ground. Indian torn Has been re. * commended and partially tried.* Ttiis .is not.more exhausting. th?f) eats or ry<\. and 1 on fields not worn-do wo low, pr6bubly-.no green crop would fumfeh more matter 10 -be covered by plough than, this one. But' on qui;e;exhausted kind, this would not answer our purpose; and* the quantity of seed necessary for such a purpose, would be I'oUr. or fivo bushels, quite un objection with I economists. 1 Uuckwheat is a grain t! a! will grow-on I mo*; ptTbr soils. It d- ligH's most in drv lo. ?a it r?S 1 soil rrfclhwl to graveltrr'Wnd.--IU ' hmoy qualtie^^m&Trecomin^jd^negh ly as an artu-ln to l?e growr#for the [mrpose j of filling the soil with vegetabh)' matter, of j jvlticb'It has been mu<*h 'exhaust*-d, jit the Stales of which jwe have sboken. * 'III Ute fi"i'8t place",""it* wHl-^grow OfiicI pro duco a handsome laV-T for tlfo -plough," on l/jnds jluft will produce nothing? )?'. li?fhe*rcotld/J)la ;e. wddi) not fiiuilt an-cxhu.us twig crop, ^e can raise it mrwiy years trf . tfiuccessido 011 our poor.lands" without q.ny fnijnure? tfncl VpvHrv comojon'y savofifii^fi or twenty ^usfjuU <>nlje gram from an. acre. 'i*hi$ plfht it'au a very snialf, - fibrous r?ou, and i* easily pplfeil up by hand., ll also* a large brirtohiug top^thut n^ver romd gel us supf>oft from thte.ro^t. ft1??1ari|fr.e(itire. ' probably greater facilities for "pwfcOriii^ i1?urshaftmtfr<frn tip atmosphere,limn, most', plants have.- ' . . Aril theory anall hxjxf< i i1 h ce, unite in siloing that this piaofr-takesTc/ss from die ? soil, titan any other of life- same siz*. la . the-' next -place, it" has. a rapid growl'1, ex -wiffks in Massachusetts hwjng- l&og enough to bring -it frr Tuli hK)jreuin,?w3ien" ift ' shouhM>e ploughed in. . 'Three cropririty* 'here fore Tie lurried under? in iwie seasrtn in . Virginia, ond then it will l>e .early enough : ' ~(Sep?. lst.)rr-:<> &ow dowU AvWu grass seed. . . * ' r 4 .Another. adVafitage attends the r-uijiinu of-dps forgrain and for gre?n crops; the expensu is apt great. Uusunlly ifears the same' priee as our best corn, and 'is worth qui'O as mpch for fattening utrimajs, and' one bushel of see J is'eiurugh for the acre.' Whenit w raised fuf flie purpose of sating the grain, we often sow but half a bushel. Tlw-etraw is also greedily eat' n by the young- oatde and hy hopees-^-cnlts may b" wintered on i.t. Yet wo have kpown large piles of this straw to lie- burned in the. field' where ?t was" threshed! Now with:thin article*?this old, eogf-c t<*d.abandoned,. and rfbusixi/ track wnenr? i \vj? coujil soon re?wv?tc tbtf onew botfiiuhii plains, formed 'from ttto washings of (lie gu'ph of Mekico,*aiid lying between, tjie-AJ. leghsny ridge end ihe AYtaatic ocean.? Much of lW fine.tract h is bi*en crQppcd. lirtli) ouf of mind, wbde nPtJrnS' was j*ro*y\ - that could make any adequate retiuuT for ' what wutuabs.rttOKfd. * The natural advantages efthnl tr?fnt of * country are.-snpcrior, in our tlunnhli! oppv ion, tt> tfre furr famed WeiU And rkpijgh i the soil has been mismanaged and ubUsed,. a few yeats of correct h'usdandry- would*1 ^ again restore -it: to iia pristine- v.flue ^pd imjioitance. No critjwil niceties need to be .observed/no nicer loiterers than flie bl.fsks are c^p ?6lo of perfhrnling, are rcqoiretT to ' vbring these fen$jbfo soils ng.jip to fcrtdity, , . And whert they arti hroughu-to 'thatjptate* Iftftre'is* no^>m?plty'in?ke< qpjtg tbcRMWe. None ef-th? vuf'fous grasses nre groat.<;xhausiersof 1H6 aoiV and grosses must form one of the-scries pf Uie rotiujpn of cfpp.s.? Wrien Jamds are half the rtfne fo gras$, fttyrtoataunnue ......... ' thnf torn* to rfthrmw direc tly qn being.; turnod" by the plough; nii'd, by fcieao* of ribsipg niere g*na<, more stock, may,be -kept, nnd that increases the- quantity of anhftal manuce*. Thepoliey oTraisi ng so tttrfhy*. acres of. cor-n oii redound lapd, rtuist b? .abandoned. When in Are buckwheat can be. raised on the tier" th.Ju i? obtained of In ian corn., it .should be substituted for corn in u great ine.gnro, for it requites not a *ixth parj of life estpeuserjo-proJuce ii-^-aiid^h'-'U buck' w(lent is Aiised for us grain, ifprop?*r Care j he takenio sow somet'ung wiiji that may j he turned in for a grebn crop in Juno, the j Mand will-prove more productive, year after JOn the wpt-and efayev lnn<Js eftliatdis. j of country buckwheat may not be . sown. Sqch lands may not be trcalod' a* I ?> mirfrMiss I&ikIjt of tlrut" character j WC ll? II' at the iXofih. They m*y be turned ovvr j in autumn tfnd seeded down again d.recih -to gross.k . . \ . i * A?s to enriejimg their lands with any kind if-Hm**, tfieSouth wiH sonit <k?y sen die fu- , i tihty of the attempt.. Stone lime, may ope. i | <ate partially as a 3'imnJa.nt, or uS a corny:. Ith* oT the ho we la of sojrld eufitfer?>1and' it is i proftahly equal to. sniikl for disintegrating ,: Card el'.ys. Their- ltnio from sh-dla will-"" rove mote cnriithiirg. And sdieli* of oij kinds vvili serve to break apart hard soils. 1 Jfiut some shells possess amuia I mutt?:j\? ! And whim this is the case there is -no doubt! oft heir enriching "qua litre. On this [ coHiit vvo bhould (/refer ttie ncwpcst shells. Green crops form the cheapest mahuc^s and there is no question but they j uro suitable for tUo soils on which theyj grow. Whod they are gi own, a hoavy To!- ;; ler must he passed over them before the ' i egg? * plough is uteri, and in the same direction as the intended furrows. full seeding to grass is more safe th# spring seeding?and when a field ha? been enriched by the turning in of two green i rops in the summer it may be laid to grata in Virginia at hny rime in September. And it it is the.cfiief object of the proprietor to improve ;he quality of his soil, he will do well io sow notlring but gross seeds. If clover is apt to be wtofer killed, alien sown lute, it should be sown on thesQow in -?j ujnfr. When the lajid is intended for pasturing, (ho smallest kinds of Sbuihern u clover and the Dutch honey.suokle should fl lompfisq a part of the seed. fl VVlten the quality of the soil has been 1 so improved that a good growth .of clover " cati bo produced, wheat m<:y be grown in I urn?Ixit Avhtei rnusf not often intrude on v these worn lauds unless sfuWe manure bo | benpplied, neither can any kind of grain* excepting buek.wlioat, be frequently introduced ns a roraiion^crbp. oh these nkf fields* without'the application-of manure.* * Tim owm w of these Inrge plantations \ would do much better'to tiH less grrflind und let a greater number of acres lie in grass. They cannot moke tt profi able to raise ten bushels of *orn to the acre wheo its prce is r o liigher than fifty cents. But if they will fill their koil with cheaply grown vegefc.. ^ tile in after?lay the grcu test portion to grass, ae. i keepmo^ s'oek.xii^j^y have fifty liiieMs nf.eoru tew, and twee# or'ntiiT^ busli'va * -wheat i? lieu of cijv. blacks would be better employed, half-tiff sum nver, .in" haul fug up muck from the swamps and mkiftg ft witli the animal manures lhair'o bbj-unningover %indrcd? m I of acr?s.arfnuafy lor harvests tlint wi?uld not pay n >fhite ;ninn the gathering.? % field thus..laid to pasture - will be constantly yioMiog.son?eth?iig-of value, Ids'earl of subjecting is owri<T to expense, as ^ njaH>ti]iedYn;Vlt?fvy de. Ami by shifting , lhese-fields frOrn grass to grain and tlven tjrnnvgfain to grass, the wltwle will grow Vic lief from, ydafc tQ*yeiir. We bavuLhcavd Aomc formers earpress a doyjtf ig riie.-cwir cfhess oClbtfreud fh theo. tv of i/rowjn'trgrecn crops on the set! wo C . ' r? w , , w ^ .wjV'? -to enri< h, TVy argue in favor of the a-icupfl nukuJ-faljdw,* mid tray *^po~gdfa nothing by firsv rnhiitfg-gmm crops and {boo plonghing them in, Uccatmttjhe raising o/.t!*; crop" lakes precisely as mucll from tkh'soil wywe- raiurir to k "when -we bury unit;crop unJer-eod." N?m if it wore jrue dwtplarxs obtain ail their ri?u/whinetil ficpf'nfiiiasni}4lns reason* i trfjr would be correct. But this js never the (ase. Plants van npvor como to maturity witi*aui a free circulation of etr; and some seem to live tClnlojst wholly upon it. Various ?xj?ertments show that plants may be gr&wu in/boxes of earth in tbe'opej* air,fl^fctyrtieo tftey llh've qfrivetj-at maturity, the earth in which they grew has not-been diminished,*} the amount of one hundredtlnpart of the weight of the plants. 0t? .reversing tins operation we find that one luihdred pounds of wood consumed in dbopeif the* phyie, will not leave one pound of earthy matter on'the hearth. Now whnt has become of the ninety and nine pounds? They have ascended the chimney to become the food of other plants. They baVe Deen mixed with die atmosphere, and in it they pervade every bud?every leaf, and every ^ flowor. As all plants obtain a portion of tbeir food -through the l?taf, we can eurioh a soil by growing any one kind thereon, and. then buryiog it under the sod. Btn as {here is a-greutdiiiorence in plants Ws to tlie'ir powpr of eb&ining nutripient through rhe.leuf. apd consequently Of drawing (h)ra the soil; by.selpctingtkose which not only appear to be qualified, by*their organization, but whioh on - ' - ' - ? . -v- ^.rLu.. i actual'trial arc lounu to cxiuuim uic svm-uuv p?, we proceed with cooHdeijce in oar theory, confirmed by actual practice, and raise up plants .out 6i* tlu? tenth to be returned again to enrich k an hundred fofcl.?Cultivator. , . * #T!tc Cuic I'ea sbeins better adapted to tlie ^ soil and climate oi Hie middle aurl lower Pee Dee chantry" for green crop nuiquring -than any thing else hitherto tried.'Deriving a large-proportion of its nourishment from the air, it yields on abundant coat of vines and leaves from lond sot poor as to be capabte of producing scarcely any t^in'g else; and iris available as a majjprc a few months after being planted.' Land rich enough fbr other crops, bat-whieh the farmer wishes to make still richer, itlrty'W manured wi^coir'peas-after producing, tlie ?$ue season, a fuH> crop of .Indian own, small grain, Irish potatoes orspringt urn if*. * . Efer. Gaz. . , , , . Cochineal. Tirijt article which is lite nr?o?t important of hll-dyemg -piatermls, ex(. fit indigo, wn* fint-<ffico?*H ?ti "Mexten, in 15J.Q*. 'tlw imtfet fr?m .*Iii<# it is derived; is g*t!i?r:d from a plant called by the -Mexicans nnpn!. When the croplmsteach e<l niHturiiy. much care i9 necessary ill '1 4 1 '*- :? ?-??!?,? /%!' itullAswiitan thaVarili. MO* fJIIOUS ^anicinig, mv in^aF from -rh? nop.iis, which is performed by tha Indian aonien. The insects tphtu "'iiFiord, af? killed, e-itlier -by throwing ttwiri. into boiling wafer, or smothering tiny nin ?u> ovrii. Hwrubold says that $2,000 "nrrAbas of ibis elegant scarli t dye w*t fbi! quantify nnuualty exported from South AnvriCh; tliwr worh j?500,000 sl'*rling?a vast amoun\ and well calculated to show i/s tlje absurdity of desp.ising any mhwuls on uecoant offheir igntitenngs. To extract Wax fr&m />oney comb?The 3 c.sgow Much itrio's Gazette gives the folio wing nffrde ofex'caetmg wuy?-Have en the firtrjui'op ii vessel of boiling water, and stau/l by ihe lire an op**n vessel" of ceid - ?L 1?" - ?: J ViHi.l" vva:?r; trie cpruu ciuse tit-o ?jujr r m i__ bag, ;h ihe boiling water, and repeatedly squeeze it down. with a slick er a large wooden'spoon; the wax w>ll-come through 1?e bg auJ swim on die lop of iho wulct; * s!vim it ofTand put il'in the vend of cold wcterj .'b/ repeatedly squeezing the big and skimming, every particle of wax is obtained; when congealed il may l?e taken off and melted, add*cas; into moulds of ;auy caovc'tiicKt sffrpe for sale* Emily Antoinette, a little daughter of Mr. Lewis Bradly, of west Haven, about four years of age, on Wednesday morning last fi;ll jn:o a kettle of boding water, and was so severely scalded as lo survive llur aceidoutlatf afe\y hours.?IVeir ILixfcn Herald.