>"M. V* L
^ A '
Commodore Joftcs in a letter from G:blaltar,
soys,
"The Cattle that T see in Spain, appeo
, to be nothing superior to ours ; nor have
S'jeo any where on the Mediterranean an;
that appear better than those in America
except a race of White Cattle at Naplc
used fur the draught. I vvas informed by i
gentleman who had used thirty yoke of titer
lor two years, that during that time thev ha
constantly trav^lle^l from 20 to 25 miles
day, excelling Sundays and the holidaystlrt?
place from whence he drew the timbei
being from 40 to 50 miles distant from N?i
pies."
'They are generally 15 hands hightheir
bodies long?have a sharp muzzle !ik
a deer?colour entirely while except a biac
nose, ears, and the tuft of the tail. The
nre most frequently worked in the thills <
a cart, aivj are spirited, and walk ns. quic
us a horse, and appear not to suffer froi
heat more than a horse."
"I have enquired, whenever opportunity
of obtaining correct information have oi
currcd, the <juant'ty of milk given by the
cows and have no where heard of so muc
i?s in our country, except at Genoa, wltei
a good cow i-ives about fourteen quarts p
day, and in Tuscany from fourteen to si
teen."
Tneso Catile have increased on M
Middleton's estate, and for several yea
been sold freely, and much anxiety lu
existed to procure them. A friend of out
? u_ arm nnroltnspd thf! imDOJ
W[IU 3UIIIO Jtuia "ft-' I ?-J
bull, and has had experieuce for a lot
l me with thedialf bred sU?ck, thinks them tl
most valuable in our Siute.for aM purpose
They are good milkers, though not to i
compared io quantity to Ayrshires or Di
hams. They are thrifty and hardy?tai
on flesh rapidly aod hold it well?bear hi
extremely well, and g' t through our wi
tern with ordinary sbuck treatment with I
more flesh thiTn any other S.ock sim'lar
Wnxhid. m
We have for three years had pnssessii
of several Tuscans, and have now a go
many hulf-breds, and with Durhams ai
.common Stock they are not ro be compar
in eondiiion, in scan'y times?in early sui
mer they become fat very rapidly, andco
limit* in good order on pastures where ot
ers full off.
That ihey are better adapted for wo
Cuttle is probable, from tbeir great actiri
?zd apparent strength?being well bui
with firm and close joipls.
For Stock Cutde for penning, they a
most valuable, as two may be kept whe
one Durham would foil j and our exhaust
soil needs coiepens more than editor's pet
although the - latter wo think are requir
to remind planters of many important m;
lAVO (
iC/l
We think the Tuscans and Ayrsh>
will probably suit our climate and soil bt
fer thutj a larger breed?if they can't put
much as is necessary. We#have 8ornetim
heard of Cattle dying of starvation, and
is probt hie. that according to UA Bo<
Planter's" notion, that "Ayrshire, Devo
or Tuscan Cattle can'* cat much," tin
will bo more apt to got through our winte
than other breeds, whose appetites arc rati
or strong. In improving Slock in a soul;
era climate it appears reasonable to su
pose that there is a better prospect of su<
cess in introducing those from a warm*
rather than from a colder country. The Ti
nisinn Sheep from a hot climate have so
ceeded well! in South Carolina, and a
found to shed less wool than most other v
ri^ties.?Carolina Planter.
From the New England Farmer.
ON CUTTING WOOD FOB VARIOUS USES.
There has been muoh diversity of opi
ion relative to the time of the year mc
proper for cutting wood for timber or fu?
GoodstlCs Farmer of tho 26th ult. observ
"that where durability is the object, timb
should be-cut at that seaeou when there
least sap in it, say in February; but whe
* ? - ? _? : i i ?,
a fs Tor me purpose ui clearing kuiu ui
the timber to be cut is of a kind likely
sprout, then it is desirable to have it c
when there is sap in it, as that not on
prevents the stumps from sprouting, b
they rot much sooner than when cut
February,n
The opinion of Mr. Goodsel! is corrob
fated by a writer from the New York Fa
mer, in a communication re-published
the N. E. Farmer, vol. 10, pp. 237, 23
In this it is stated, "we do not seem sufl
ciently aware of the range of expansion ai
contraction afgreeo and growing wood, i
the extent of variation in bulk expanded at
contracted by heat and cold. When oec
pying the least space the wood is of cour
most dense and compact, and it has the
the least possible quantity of sap in it.More
than fifty years ago my father ht
occasion for a barn floor, for use in wint<
the British having been so managed th
the farmers of the aorth could return to the
farms, on doing which his was destitute <
? barn floor, in the depth of winter i
the only alternative he cut down?felled i
the paper farmers say, large red oak tree
fad them sawed into two and a half inc
planks, antf lakJ his floor, perfectly grcei
expecting to lay them ovet again when the
got soasor\pd and shrunk as lie suppose
they would do. This was all done in th
severe cold of a northern winter, and thr
floor has never yet been overhauled, nc
have the planks opened a seam. The sa
was all in hs quarters in the roots under th
blanketing of the muck, and of course coul
not be in th? tree, which was compacte
into the smallest possible space. The hoop
of winter, in these days, were driven wit
tremendous force.
From all these considerations, and fact
(I could che multitudes of similar facts,}
come to the conclusion that !he proper tim<
to cut wood for timber is when the sap i
least in quantity in such wood, and whei
this is least likely toiead to a fermentation
The more saccharine^ matter it has in it
the more likely it is to lead to this process
hs weH as generally, the more sap. Th<
sugar maple, which abounds iu this quality,
If cut immediately after the growth of wood
'.m.
1 even very durable as fence pos's, if not set j
tit! thoroughly seasoned. The same is also j
r true ?;fbemlock uud several other kinds of
I wood, tut they must he well seasoned,,
y before set in'o the ground, as all fence posts
; | should b-\ WltCn wood occupies its lea^t
s | possible space, it is time to cut it bo:h for
a i fuel and timber."
n i The late Col. Pickering, in an essay on
dj"Thc Felling of Trees for Timber," pub.
a lislied in the Now England Farmer, vol. 1
- ; onrrt) 17, gave certain facts which led him
r, i to 'believe that 'the best time J or felting
i. j timber trees for durability, was when their
j sap was vigorously flowing.." Other wri_
' lers, too numerous to be here quoted, have
c. i also recommended May and June, as the
k proper months for cutting down timber
y i trees, where durubil ty is t!:e object. We
jf will, however, quote another passage from
k j Col. Pickering's essay above referred to.
m j "Accident threw in my way the lat*
Oliver Evans* 'book on the construction of
es mills,' to which was subjoined a treatise of
a Mr. Elliot, a millwright, on the same sub,;r
ject. Turning over some of the leaves of
>h j this trea ise, I lighted on the passage to
j which the author directed hickory timber
er J intended for die cogs of wheels, to be cut
x. j when the sap was running, that they might
J not become powder pist"
x. j Co!. Pickering aJverts to the case of "a
rs i larmer, the well pole (or sweep) of whose
| veil happened to break at a very busy time,
:s, and to supply its place he cut down the first
rt. ; small ire", which came to hand ; and this
1!r j was a white birch. The sap then running
be I freely, he put up his pole, anJ it lasted sevs.
i enteen years Hud he put it up with the
be | bark on, it woulJ, probably, have rotted in a
,r. j year; the closeness of the bark would havi
ke! prevented the es ape of the sap. A close
?at1 coal ?f paint laid on unseasoned wood opn.
erates like the close birch bark, by con.
ar bning the sap, and hastening the decay."
!y ! Dryness is favorable, and moisture un
; favorable to the durability of timber. Greer
on I },nd growing timber has less moisture ir
<J | winter than in spring or summer; but it;
Ad i pores being less open in cold than in warn
L(j ; weather, it cannot so well become drj
rr ' befoie it becomes rotten. But in spring
n. summer, and perhaps the forepart o
b.j autumn, the pores of green wood are com1
pnrativcly open, tho moisture more casilj
; exuJes or escnpes provided said pores arc
sy j not sealed by tlie bark. If one wishes tc
j|t| j cut wood, and proposed to let it lie, withou
i being deprived of its bark, winter is his tim<
re with reference to durability. But if it ii
re proposed to strip the bark from the tree
ed the tlfne when the bark p^els most easily
t*s will, we believe, be the season in whiel
other things being equal, the timber wi!
%l. endure longest.
Ifit is wished that when wood is cut, th<
es tree may sprout, and reproduceanothercut
>t. | ting of timber or fire wood, it is best t<
- *i- - - r _ *T < II
so i conionn ly we practice 01 uen. iiewuan
05 ofLynfieM, Mass., who observed as fol
it lows .
>k " Having woodland, from which I have
n> cur, annually, for several years past, iron
,y ! twenty to fifty cords of wood, it has beer
rs my practice to have it cut at the time and it
the mjnner that woulJ best insure a strong
and vigorous growth of sprouts. To efTec
p. this purpose, I never allow a treo to be cui
c. till after the autumnal frosts have caused
er the leaves to full and ihe sap to descend tc
u. the roots, nor later in the vernal season than
c. the month of April. The manner of cutting,
re is to leave the stumps on a level with the
a% surface of the ground from which the suck
ers are much more strong and vigorous
and less liable to be injured by high winds
than a growth from stumps cut twelve or fif
teen inches high, as is the practice of some,
n- * Pursuing this course, I have never beer
>st disappointed ; and have now on land fronr
el. which trees werecut in the midst of winter
es a growth of sprouts, of the most vigorous
er and promising appearance,
is ** Respecting large trees, tbo growth o
re centuries, cut them at whatever season yoi
id please, there is scarcely one stump in f
to thousund that will produce suckers.
a. i .*i ?? r.~i
Ill Ml WUUIilJUimjr wilCll IUWI <*? CApKlia'*':
|y article, every proprietor of woodland shouk
ut manage it in such a way, as not only to b<
in profrable to himself, but, as shall preserve
the growth for the g' neration to come."
0. N. E. Farmer, vol. 10. p. 9.
|?. "
jn Meadvilt.e, Lebanon Co. Po. Dec. 101839,
g To the Editor of the Practical Farmer?
fi. Sir?I wish to give you a short account
id of ono of my Berkshire Hogs, in hope.'
or that you will give it to the public through tn<
id medium of the " Practical Farmer."
u- The excellence and superiority of the
se Berkshire breed of hogs consists,
n 1st. In early or quick growth to full size,
? 2d. In ready fattening at any age.
1(j id. in easy keeping.
Br ' 4th. In hardiness,
at 5th. In being very prolific.
>ir 6th. In returning a greater quantity ol
of flesh for the amount of food consumed.
u 7th. In giving a superior quality of pork,
is From these considora ions the Berkshire*
Sj may justly be pronounced the best breed ol
:h !,0gs which the country affords They ore
o, usually distinguished by their color ; being
,y almost invariably black, with white spo s?
A VitrU Kwlalfoa rafKnw nrvt.ll on w - lon?
I WHVI V l/liauwa IHiMVI Olll lit CUI3 ?IWlip
e ! an J broad on the back?heavy in the quarit
ters?short in the legs, and heads of rn^di,r
um sire. In a word, the Berkshire hogs will
p compare with any and every other kind, in
e each and every respect,
d The one I wish to give you an account
d of, I fattened this fall, and had kith d arid
s weighed in the presence of two of my neigh
h bors. His weight after killed and dressed
was seven hundred and fifty-one pounds,
s The fit on the ribs measured nine and a
I half inches. The thickest place through
0 I the ribs, fat and leao together, measure ! sixs
1 teen and three-quarter inches; The lard
1 when rendered, weighed two hundred and
. ninety.nine pounds. Yours respectfully.
baltuaserort.il i
| Black Ants.?The Boston Cultivator
says thiit, ashes, or soot, or fresh loam,
[ sprinkled over the places infested with ants,
in fresh made garden beds will destroy them.
That colJ water sprinkled on them every
evening, will also produce the same effect.
Sir As! ley Cooper's maxims for prnsorv
ing health wi re temperance, cleanliness,
ex? rcisc and early f sing.
FARM E|R S GAZE T T E.
FRIDAY, APRIL 21, 1840.
There is now Vaccine matter in town.?
Persons wishing to have their children vaccinated
can do so by applying to the.r physicians.
Roberts' Silk Ma>uel.?There is now
a new supply of this work at the Cheraw
Bookstore.
The abolitionists have had a convention
. and nominated James G. Cirney as their can
didate for the Presidency, and some one else
as their candidate for the Vice Presidency.
The election for Governor and Senators ir
Rhode Island has resulted in favor of the
l*T i I ;?. _ r _ t . 1 n/ln , ,
, vv nigs oy a majority 01 aooui xouu, oaia oj
, Whig papers to bo the largest majority eve1
given in a contested election in tne state.
i
i Mr. Calhoun's resolutions in regard to th?
> liberation of slaves by the British authoritiei
: in Bermuda, having been relered to th<
1 Committee on Foreign Relations, were re
1 ported by that' committee w thout materia
[ alteration, and on the 16th. inst. were unani*
' mously adopted by the Senate.
1 a
5 Pennsylvania.?Just as the Legislature o
? this State was about to adjourn sine die oi
the 16th. inst. according to a resolution adopt
ed by both houses, a message was receive)
from the Governor notifying the members t<
) attend an extra session on the next day. Th<
j object of this extra session was to provide th<
i means of paying the interest of the publii
i debt, and also moneys due by the state foi
? work done on canals and railroads. The in
terest of the public debt which will be due be
f fore the commencement of the next session
and which the Legislature was about to adjoun
' without providing for, amounts to $900,000
' and the sums due for public works amount t<
t $1,473,933.
j The Message caused considerable excite
j ment when it was read, and the two hoysei
, immediately adjourned sine die. They me
, the next day in extra session. An effort ti
> procure an immediate adjournment sine di
I failed, and an adjournment till some day ii
May was agreed upon.
The New York City election has termina
ted in favor of the Van Burcn party by a ma
jority of about 16(X\ being five or six hundre
more than the majority of last spring, an
nearly the same as that at the state electioi
in the fall.
Death of Judos White.?The expoaur
of Judge White, on his journey home fror
Washington last winter, after resigning hi
(seat in the U. S. Senate, brought on inflama
tion of the lungs, which terminated in ab6ces
and death.
Destructive Freshet.?A freshet in i
littl* stream running by a village called John
6ton in Rhode Island, lately carried off scvera
houses and drown 20 persons.
During a hail storm in the neighborhood c
Gettysburg, P i. lately, hail f 11 which covere
' the earth to the depth from 4 to 0 feet.
> A treaty with Mexico it published in th
? Globe, for the adjustment of claims of citizen
1 of the United States upon the Government t
P Mexico. It provides for a Board of Com
{ missioners, consisting of four, twt to be ap
, pointed by each government, to adjudicate tin
claims. In cases of difference the question
> are to be refered to the arbitration of th<
1 King of Prussia./ should he decline, to th<
' Queen of England ; and should she decline
; to the King of the Netherlands.
A Tefler in the Bank of Virginia at Rich
mond, named Dibney lately eloped, carrying
off with him bills to the am >unt of $295,OOC
There was bes des this amount a deficit c
I of about $2-^5000. Daoney is supposed *u
' have followed Swartout and Price across th<
Atlantic w *
i An aft ray, not long since, occurrod in low;
Territory, between a Sheriff with his posm
> and a gang of horse thieves in which severa
persons on both sides were killed at d wound
ed.
A bill has been introduced into the Britisl
1 Parliament for the Union of the Canadas.
Movements are making by a por'ion of th<
1 Staterights party in Georgia to nominate i
^ Harrison electoral ticket for that state.
A petit on was lately sent from G'orgia tc
the Vice President, with a requ -at chat he
present it to the Senate, setting forth that a
general Bankrupt Law would not reach the
eviis now existing in the money affairs pf the
country, and praying for a general jubilee and
remission of debtg. The Vice President,
however, did not Dresent the Detition. The
petitioners ought to have sent it to some advocate
of the unlimited obligation of Congress to
receive all petitions
The Mititix.?The Secretary of War, in
his report to Congress at the opening of the
present session, recommended a reorganization
of the nulit ia forces of the country. The
following extract from the report sets forth the
scheme.
Extractfrom the Secretaries Report.
It is proposed to divide the United States
into eight military districts, and to organise
the militia in each district, so as to have a body
of twelve thousand five hundred men in active j
.T V I
I service, and another of equal number as a |
j reserve. This would give an armed militia
force of two hundred thousand men, so drilledand
stationed as to be ready to take their places
in the ranks in defence of the country,
whenever called upon U oppose the enemy or
te;>el the invader. ' The age of the recruit to
be from 20 to 37 ; the whole term of service
to be eight years?four years in th first class,
and four in the reserve : one-fourth part, twenty-five
thousand men, to leave the service
every year passing, at the conclusion of the
first term, into the reserve, and exempted frotn
ordinary tnihtia duty altogether at the end of
the second. In this manner, twenty-five thousand
men will be discharged from militia duty
every year, and twenty-five thousand fresh
recruits be received into the service.?
It will be sufficient for all" useful purposes,
that the remainder ofthe militia, und?-r certain
regulations provided for the government, be
enrolled and be mustered at loug and stated
intervals; for. in due process of time nearly
! the whole mass oi the militia will pass through
t he first and second class, and be either mum.
bers of the active corps, or of the reserve, or
- counted among the exempts, who will be liable
to be called upon only in periods of invasion
or imminent peril.. The manner of^urolmen',
i the number of davs of service, and the rate of
? compensation, ought to be fixed by law; but
r the detiils had better be left subject to regur
Jation?a plan of which I am prepared to submit
to you."
A bill h:is p >sse J the House of Assemi
bly of N. York at the present session, giv.
8 ing the r ght of trinl by jury to persons
5 claimed in that slate as fugitive slaves. The
j following are sections 12 and 14 of the act.
chf.ll nntillo/-) tn
? ui'v* iv* iiu |;wi o?/ii 911'iii w viiiuiv?? iw
n writ ol'hubeas corpus to arrest a fugitive
from labor or service, until be shall have
f delivered to the court or officer to whom api
plication for such writ shall he made, u bond
. to the jieople of this state .in the penal sum
j of one thousand dollars, with two sufficient
3 sureties, inhabitants and freeholders of this
s state, to be approved by such court or offi'
cer, conditioned to pay all costs and expenses
that may aceruc in th* prosecution of
' the said writ, .loyally chargeable to such
r claimant and also to pay weekly the sum of
two dollars to the person having such nl
ledged fugitive, in his custody, for the
, support of such alicdged fugitive, so long
1 as he shall remain in custody under such
; writ of habeas corpus, or be detained
j by the proceedings thereon ; and also
that if any jury impanelled under this
act s all render n i verdict against such
claim then 'hat such claimant sh dl pay all
he costs and expenses of the proceedings,
1 including those to which such alleged fugi?
-live shall have been subjected ; and in addie
'ion thereto, ahall pay to such alledged fugi9
live the sum of one hundred dollars and all
damages which he may sustain. Tne said
bond shall be filled in the office of the clerk
of the county, and may be prosecuted by
" any person claiming any benefit from its
d provisions, in the name of the people of this
d wlate ; hut the p???ple ?h>, 11 nol be liable for
Q any costs in sucli suit.
Hoe. 14. Every person who shall re.,
move from this state or attempt so to re.
e move any fugitive from service or labor, or
n any person alleged to be such fugitive, una
derany pretended certificate grunted by
unv iudtfe or officer, or under nnv other
- J O ' *
8 pretence, unless duly authorized so to do according
to the provisions of this act, shall
forfait five hundred dollars to tho party ag.
a grieved and shall be deemed guilty ?f kidH
napping, anil upon conviction shall be pun.
d ished by imprisonmout, in a stale prison not
exceeding ten years.
Should tho bill pass the Senate and be
||
^ approved by the Governor, thus becoming
a law it will amount to refusal on the part ol
of New York to to suffir fugrives slaves to
e be reclaimed. The difficulties and expense
^ of obtaining them being such as few would
encoun'cr. In such a case it would be a mat.
of serious consideration for the slaveholding
e s'a'es, whether citiz ns or vessels of New
s York shouldbe admitted within their bor.
e ders.
D
'? For the Farmers' Gazette.
Dr M. MacLean.
Dear Sir:?Suffer me through the colj
uinus of your paper to cell the attention of
I. lie Town Council of Cneraw, and the
,f citizen* generally, particularly the owners
0 of real 'State to some facts which the writer
of th's considers a public nuisance; viz ;
Toe Town Hall for several nights in succession
h is been fitted up by a French juga
gl'-r to shew his feats of deception,-?now
n Sir, we 'were told when this house was
1 building 'hat it was intended for a Market
and Town Hall; and for this purpose we
nave been taxed (or two years to the extent
of the law to pay foi its erection. The
i house has been ercct'd with the people's
money and is rh- ir property. But scarcely
was it fiuish'-d before it wag let out for con
, cert-*; for the exhibition of an Albino and
k G ant; nnd now of a juggler; and in Vindication
of th s course we are told that it
will lessen our taxes. That he Town
> Council have a right as individuals to build
? Theatres. olaV Houses or anv other kind
l of house* I do not deny; but as one of the
? tax payers of Cheruw f do solemnly enter
mv protest that they have not the right to
I extort money from me even under the name
o; tajt? si to erect a house to renitout to travel1
ling mountebanks and vagrnn'8 who live
by pi tying on die credulity of the people.
We hear it Constantly urged that it is right
to rent ou: the town hall as it will put mo.
ney in the treasury, but the Council have
an equal right to put up a grog shop at every
corner of the public square and rent them
out to lessen the taxes; and although Such
a meusUro would deservedly receive the
froivn and execration of every good citizen,
yet, I think the effect on the morals of the
community would not be wors- than the
present course of the Council. And in
conclusion. I would remark that if the
Council are determined to desecrate the
Town flail in future by making it a pandc.
monium of vicious exhibitions, they will at
least excuse those from paying taxes for the t
building who are conscientiously opposed t
10 all such exhibitions and believe it immoral
and s'nful to aid such individuals in ;
carrying on their deceptions?and further I
thai the Council return the taxes already <
pud by such indiv.do * Is fo; the erection of i
this house or pay the amounts to some i
missionary or religious enterprise.
Respectfully yours,
D. j
iSlh April, 1840. i
CONGRESSIONAL. <
Washington, Monday, Apr.113th.
In the House of Representative Mr. Adams
consumed the morning hour by an at- .
tempt to refer a series of Joint Resolutions
from the Legislature of Massachusetts, but
i they were iuid on the table by a vote of 104
! to 40. This subject cannot be revive i ai
tins session. The House has subjects enough
of party c.onttnl'ou before it, and U in
no humor to increase them.
At one o'clock, or soon after, the special
order to which precedences was given, by
resolution, was taken up?viz. the Civil and
Diplomatic Appropriation BillMr.
Wis spoke, with lfs usual earnestness,
in rejoinder to the remarks heretofore
made by Mr. Jones?reiterating Irs views
as to the ox ravagauce ol me Administration
He compared the extravagance of ihe pres.
ent and late Admin stations *Gtb the ecoir-L
. v* i
omyof John Quarry Adam's. When ieaeratism
was turned out of power and democracy
took its place at the political revolution in
1801, Mr JeffrsondiJ make a small* reduction
in the'expenses. H s whole expedites
were about two hundred thousand
dollars, less annually, than those of his predecessor.
But modern democracy increased
the expenditures to three times what they
were during John Qtnricy Adam's administration.
The expenditures had gone up
from 13 millions to 37 millions. G- n.
| Jackson spent 145 millions in his eight years'
I which was a great increase on tlx; previous
expenditure ; but Mr. Van Buren bud spent
112 millions in three years.
Ho compared the expenditures at different
periods with the population, to shew, that,
in regard to that test, expences had enormously
increased. The expenditures, in Mr.
Jeff rson's administration, if raised by cap
itntipn tax, would have been T06 cents a.
head ; in Mr. Madison's, including even the
war, i? would have been 2.33: in. Mr. Monroe's
1,36; in Jolm Q jinry. Adams's, 4.32 ;
in Mr. Van Bur n's 2,36?the last being
greater than-even the war adminifija ton of
Mr. M id.son. He had examined the de!
tai'a'of th- bill, and would not put his finger
on any unnecessary expences ; all he wanted
to do was to show that this bill was from
the executive, and that Congress whs nor
responsible for it. H" would go with his
colleague, howover, In any reducion thai"
ho would propose. If the advice of-jhe de.
par ments should be toRowed, anff MrTPbinsen's
standing army adopted, with an active,
force and a sedentary torce?he hoped all
the sedentary soldiers would become dys
nnnMr?cvpi 37 millions would not t>ay ex
r..w . pences.
Mr. Jones of Va. replied briefly. Taking
ihe strongest case put by his colleague,
he would show that there wag noJ tho leas!
ground for a charge of extravagance uguinst
this administration. His coHengue usked
him to uccount for an expenditure of37 mil.
lions ir. Mr. Van Buren's administration,
while Mr, Adams's was only thirteen. In
the year 1939, which he would take, the
gross aggregate expenditures of Mr. Van
Buren. were 39 millions ; in Mr. Adams/
in 1826, 24 millions, including tun millions
, for the public debt.
To account for this d fR-rence, he would
give the items of increase. In the first place
the army was increased?more 'ban two
millions were added there. Fortifications,
d*c. were increased, tho expenditures for
, the navy were Increased.?Mr. v? ise has
said he always opposed the increase of tho
army ; nnd as to the navy, though tho expense
had b- en increased, the Free afloat
had been diminished. Tho navy departmcnt
was in a worse condition now than it
was five years ago. If lie had his own way*
however, he would have expended twentyfive
millions on t ie uavy, if there was any
fair wav to raise it. But we had nothing
to show for the increased expences in the
navy.
Mr. Jones proceeded in his bit of items; ?
Ti?e increased expenses for the Indian
Deparment .were five millions?and no one
could say that these wpre unnecessary. The
prevention and suppression of Indian hos
tilities formed another item of four m llions.
Tne Administration could not be held accountable
for this expense, for there w?re
few in this House who would refuse npp opria'ions
to defend the frontier. The next
item was the building of roads, breakwaters,
p-ers, light.houses, dec. which had involved
a great increase, .
Mr. Wise?I suppose they are ail rght,
too.
Mr. Jones?N?>, St?these were put
upon us by-the Whigs?and we must bear
it as well as we can.
Mr. Wise?Were not those appropriations
made in pursuance of estimates from
the Departments 7 Was not Ihe fortune ot
our present M nisier at Si. Cloud?Lewis
Cass?'made by appropriations for harbors
on the I ikes, recommended by him ?
Mr. Jones could not be led off to a new
inquiry. He passed in the next i:em?
Pensioners and Revolut'onury Claims?in
which there was an increase of more titan
half a million. r
Mr. Wise here said that he knew the
f ict thai tlvre had been frauds in paying bai.
chums. while good claims were left .unpaid.
The public officers of this administration
had been guilty of the most gross outrages
in admitting claims that ought never to have '
n.ncopfh llwt rnncpniipni'n nf u ki?K I
'WWW ?ivw VWUJ< VI ?*|IIWU -*?? *?
even the good claims were now tainted.
Mr. Jones replie d that, if this was n foe,
the six Committees of this House,?majori-,
ties of each one of which were whigs,?
had been grossly negligent of duty in detec
.. 4-.
,in^ tl,e frauds,an'^ bringing their perpetra- 'Wl
;ors lo justice.
Mr. Jones pursued his items?making an
iggregate of fifteen millions to affect the bar*
ance against tin's administration. If he*
were to go ? little farther he could show
that tho diff-rence was but a trifle between
:he ordinary expenditures of 1839 and of
1836.
Mr. W ise insisted upon charging to tins
administration every item that his colleague
had attempted to offset.
Mr. Samuels of Vn., Mr. Stanley of N.
C., Mr. Hopkins of'Vn?and Mr. Wise conliuued
the discussion till five o'clock, when
the Committee rose und the House adjourn*
ed. In the latter part of the debate the subject
of abolition was introduced by Mr. Stanley,
aud as usual,?it ruised quite a row,
Mr. Hopkins took up the matter very earn-*
cslly, throwing the odium of abolition upon
the whigs. Mr. Wise rejoined, throwing *
t'u? charge back upon the administration.
Mr. Clay then rose and entranced tho
S n ltu Sy his eloquence?the manly, dignified,
and statesmanlike views which he tof?k on
the question. He said it there was any
party ready to advocate r war before we
ha I received the ultimatum from Britain^ .
that pai ty was a crim,nal jparly. As to the
question of right, it was with us, that was
not to he deified. Bui there were two mod<s
by whh h th'? mailer was to be settled?
ili? one was by negotiation, the other by
war?the first was with the executive brunch,
Via la f**i- u/itli ilm' Svmnhntlii.
" " *> ~j? r surgas
he did vvith Maine,and [WfJlOlfcand
valorous us he knew her to be, that he was
no- disposed to confine this question solely
to her judgment. If Maine expected the
government to redress her wrongs,she must
leave the mvter.to the general g overmen',
and not undertake to manage the biisiirasa
herself. With regard to the fortification* ^
about which so much had been said, he did
not regard them?they had given him no
inquietude. England was the wt uker pow.
< r?andVe were now ten thousand times* .
better prepared for war to-morrow, tbwi
when we had declared jt befere, whether <>?
occean or on land. Look to tlie means of
transportation, the New York canals, tbo
coun less rail roads, the .augmentation of
population pressing up in dense masses on
the British borders. What had we to fear,
v\i.h 16 millions of freemen, with bravo
hearts and stout arms ? The very i'lea wan
preposterous ! Look ut England, b"r thp-at.
ened> war with China, her Ministers bof''.
mg place by doubtful tenure, the revenues
deficient for t o ordinary expenses, and :
what had we to fear 1 He did not mention
these things for purpose ofassuiling, but *
for showing dm position in which England
stood. The Committee had told you, in a
question like this, so solemn, souwfol,so tre- ,
mendous in is consequences* M we hate
made ihis report for quieting the public- ^
mind, and to indacq*Maine to wait untdwehear
from England in answer to our project.1*-:
hititnfc tntner lieui J -Mr. Otay nronr^hr-oquent,
or listened to with more breathless
a'tenlion, than he was on'this occasion. A
When he had finished. Senators of .aM.pirt?
ies, came round lo s?ii?Ko 1ms haodjnd
press ihe gratification ll>ey felt at lt? view*
he had taken.
Tlie 10,000 miJitional [copies were ar.
clered. The other business of tl.e day was
private, and nohof sufficient interest to io,
luce me to extend this letter.
Correspondence of the Journal of Commerce.' Washington.
Tuesday, April 14.
Th?- Scna'e was a scene of intense iu'er.
est for an hour and a half in the morn in**. * ^
Mr. Buchurinn from the Committee on Foreign
Relations, made his report on the Mm,
sage of the President containing tho official
correspondence in relation to the dispu.
t"d boundary, and tho resolutions of tun
Legislature of M-dne in regard thereto.?.
This Report, on the whole, wag pacificatory
?it breathed u hope that nil our difflciiltiy*
might be amicably settled, and th??t
it was the duty of the country f<> wait
prtiently tho ultimatum from England,
which could not fail to reach us in all
prcsont or coming month. The dncu-i
menl breathes this wholesome spiriMhni "s?>
far as the Committee enn exercise any in.
fluence over the subject, they are resolved
that if war should be the result, which they
confidently hope may not be the case, tho
war should be rendered inevitable by the
conduct of the British Government. Thcv
have believed thut this is the surest mode of
uniting every American heart and every
American arm in defence of the just rights
of the country." After the paper was read,
Mr. Wright moved the printing of 10,600 extra
copies. Mr. Ruggles was not disposed
to oppose or advocate the printing of a large
number. There was a great anxiety oq
the part of Maine to bring this matter to q
close regardles of all consequences, 'fhero
was one thing Maine feared more than war.,
and this was the violation of her right and
the loss of national honor.
From the Buffalo Journal of Saturday. ',
A postcrint to the Toronto Patriot of Tu.
esday last, lias tho following;
** We stop the Press to say that we have
just heard from an authority which map be re*
lied upon, that His Excellency the Lteuton*
nnt Governor, has received Important Despatches
from Major General Sir Richard
in reference, it is supposed, to the North*
Eastern Boundary question Indications of
activity, in our military defences, have been
manifested. Our authorities aro on tho
ulert; and serious difficulties must therefore
be apprehended.
The leading article of the Patriot strong.
It/ f rrrne tkn nrAhnllillfV f\C ft IV ft P hflt VVPfVIl
/ Vlg- o %!?!> !# WVI1
Groat Britain and the United States, on the
ground that the farmer country cannot give
up the disputed territory, without at the
same time relinquishing the Canada*, and
concludes with the following advice
"Our parting words to our loyal fellow
subjects are, keepj/our muskets clean, look.
to your flints, and above ail keep your powder
dry, (or a contest with the United States
cannot be a small war."
Tite Toronto Colonise of Wednesdays?/*
# ~