Farmers' gazette, and Cheraw advertiser. (Cheraw, S.C.) 1839-1843, April 24, 1840, Image 1
- - ?'
* JC .
% v?
" x- -
VOLUME V.
E DITQR AN D PROPRIETOR
TERMS: *
If paid within three months, . $3 00
It paid within threo months after the
close of the year, - - - _ - - . 3 50
If paid within twelve months after the
closo of the year, ..... 4 00
If not paid within that time, ... 5 00 j
Two new subscribers will be entitled to the
paper the first year for Jive dollars, paid at the
timo at subscribing , and five new subscribers I
tor ten dollars paid at the time of subscribing.
No paper to be discontinued but at the option
of the editor till arrearages are paid.
Advertisements not exceeding sixteen lines,
iuseried for one dollar tSe first time, and fifty
' cents, each subsequent ins srtion.
Persons sending in advertisements are requests
to specify the number of times they are to be |
i*iserted; otherwise they will be continued till
ordered out, and charged accordingly.
0*Tho Postage i^ust be Daid ou all comma,
n cations.
For the Cheraw Gazette. |
At the anniversary meeting of the Pee Dee
Agricultural Society convened in the Town of
Cheraw on Saturday 22nd February 1840
The following premiums were awarded viz.
^ To Col. H. Uraig ror uiu g.v-vww.
product of silk, ho having exhibi- !
ted near 15 lbs. of reeled silk, a
silver cup of the value of $25.00
To Gen. James Gillespie for the
greatest production of cotton
from three acres of upland, a silver
cup of the value of $30.0()
To Col. D. S. Harllee, for the best j
Colt a silver cup of the value of $10.001
To Col. D. S. Harllee, for the
beet Plough a silver cup of the
value of 810.00
PEEMIUtMS OFFERED.
The following premiums will be awarded at
the meeting of the Society in Cheraw on the j
Friday before the third Monday in October ,
neat. I,
For tlie beet yearling colt a silver j
cup of the value of . $10.00 |1
* For the best yearling mule a silver 1 '
cup of the value of 10.00 j '
For the best Bull not less than two
years old, a silver cup of the j
laooL
^ .
For the best Milch Cow, a silver 3
cup of the value of 10.00 s
For the best yearling bull between c
the ages of 1 and 2 year* 500 f
For the best boar not less than one j1
/ year old 5.00 f'
For the best sow not less than one , j!
year old 5.00 1
The following premiums will be awarded on t
the next anniversary of the Society; on the <
22nd of February 1841. ?
For tbe greatest production of cot.
too on three acres of upland, the
^ oroduct to be not less than 1200 !
i
lbs. per acre a silver cup of the
Value of . $80.00 ,
For the greatest production of cot. ,
ton on three acres of low grounds; (
the product to be not less than <
1800 lbs. per acre, a silver cup i
of the value of 80.00 1
For the greatest production of corn (
on three acres of upland, the *
product to be not less than 40 1
bushels per acre a silver cup of
the value of , - 30.00
For the grea test production of c orn f
on three acres of low grounds,
the product to be not less than (
60 bushels per acre a silver cup |
of the value of 30.00 f
For tbe greatest production of (
Wheat on one acre, the product. I
i
to be not less than 25 bushels, j
(this it to be in 1641) a silver (
cop of the value of 10 00 (
For the greatest production of I
Turnips on half an acre, the pro* j
duct to be not less than 400 <
bushels per acre, a silver cap, of <
the value of 10.00 1
For the greatest production of sweet (
potatoes on one acre, the pro- 1
duct to be not less than 300
bushels per acre, a silver cup of
the value of 10.00
For the experiment best cr Iculated
to test the profit of the silk cut*
ture, the product to be not less
than 20 {bs, of reeled silk, a silver
cup of the value of 10.00
For the greatest production of
Carrots on the fourth of an acre,
the product to be not less than
? 400 bushels per acre 5.00
For the greatest production of Su?.
gar beets on the fourth of an
acre, the product to be not lcs9
than 400 bushels per acre 5.00
MS. W. BLAKENY,
Secretary.
From the M&gazino of Horticulture.
Some ?unts upon the growth and selection
i of superior varieties of teed. By Dr.
tr. Watson, Philadelphia.
It appears to me that there are few subjects,
connected with the form or the garden,
which seem to be pf more consequence, and
ot the least understood, then iho proper
rowlh ond selection of fee d* for planting,
% *5
ARM
wf .v n c i
CHER.'
particularly of any and every kind of grai
A few remarks in relation thereto, thoug
not strictly confined to the garden, I hat
thought might not be out of the way in yoi
pages.
The farmer ought to be aware, when f
is desirous of obtaining superior k:nds <
grains for seed, such as wheat, oats, barley
&<%, that he should sHect only that whic
is of the best quality, from any neighboi
ing farm ; if imported, so much the better
and above all thinaa. to b<> careful that it i
sown in a well prepared field, as far opai
as possible from any inferior variety ; a
the pollen, or male part of the plant, of th
poorer sort, is so apt to mix with the good
if each sho ild be in flower at the same pc
riod. The result would bo a very rnferio
kind, perhaps worse than either of the pa
rents. The least breath of wind is capa
ble of sending the pollen to a great distance
and the stigma, or female part, has a grea
attraction for it. There arc many tha
ridicule and laugh at this id^a ; but let thosi
a ho disbelieve, take a small quantity o
imported wheat, for instar ce; let it be sowr
contiguous to a piece upon which a kind ii
planted, which has been grown on the same
soil for years; let the result be particular^
noticed, and the consequence wdl be, tha
a hybrid of a very inferior quality, wil
generally be produced.
There is another thing that should b<
considered, and that seriously ; the f*rmei
should never sow his own wheat above tw(
years, at most ; a change of the seed it
beneficial, although it may be only procurer
from the farm of tho nearest neighbor
more especially if the soil is materially deferent
from that in which it had been grown;
as grain taken from one soil, and plan tec
in that of a different kind, wdl produce bet.
tcr, and there will be much less ehanco ol
deterioration. By this practice, the fiirmet
will find thequ in'ity incrcas''d,ondthe quali.
ty equally much improved. Let any cuitiva.
tor continue to sow one kind ofgrain for a
scries of vears, and it will run out, as the
term is, it will be almost entirely useless.?
Many farmers complain that certain kinds
[)f wheat will not produce now as they did
formerly ; the reasou is obvious, from what
has been stated above.
All grain selected for seed, should havo
ill the characters ofgoud quality, viz: Ii
ihouid be thoroughly ripe, and well cured ;
Jut rt/nai rv&yi'djt the fecuht or
itarch, which will cause it to braird sickly ;
ind I am fully convinced, that a great part
>f the grain, so sicklv in appearance when
growing, that is generally sown, is often
tilribuied towortnsand insects, of different
tinds, when it is nothing inure or less than
rery inferior seed ; the experiment, which
s the best test, need only bo made, and
jvery cultivator will soon be convinced as
o its reality. All the farinaceous grains
cultivated on our firms or gardens, with
ho exception of Indian corn, are oxo ic, nnd
he seed should be frequently renewed, by
mporting the very best varieties to be found
in Europe. Many farmers complain that
barley, oats, dec. loose much of their weigh'
sifter a few years cultivation ; but this ought
I . _
:o be expected, as tncy are more *urea 10
i northern lutiitude than any part of our
:ountry. In raising root seeds, even greater
cart} should be taken* if possible. The
yhole of the brassica family ure very apt
o hybridize,even when planned at a great
Jistance from one another. In raising the
SweUsh turnip, one of the most valuable
oots, for seed, the best turnips should be
selected ; they should be of a regular, oval
thape, tapering towards the root, and havng
but one small shoot whore the leaves
irise; plant them m some corner, or part
>f a field, far from any cabbages, radishes,
>rany other kind of turnips that may have
leen set out for producing seed, and would
>e likely to bloom at the same time; without
this precaution, there would be hybirds,
jartakmg out little of the character of either
>lant; and even then, when the greatest
)&s been taken ; the bee, which delights tn
feed on this family of plants, when in
dower, will carry the pollen on i:s legs, and
part of the seed so impregnated will be very
inferior. Let cabbages be planted in the
same manner. Indeed, the whole family
should be treated alike, for by neglecting
the above rule, the grower, ignorant of the
sauscs, caonot prodcce such excellent articles
as formerly, from the same se^'d.?
Potatoes ought never to be planted above
two years on the same f rm. If a change
of seed is made yearly, so much better: always
select the best potatoes for planting
and not the worst as is too generally don<
by many individuals ; t! ese will product
strong and vigorous roots; tt is rare to set
a small vine have good potatoes; the reverst
is generally the case.
There seems to be an apathy or careless
nessamongthe greater purtofour farmers;
they do not seem to think of the necessity
of making improvements, and studying th<
nature and history of the grains which the'
' ? .U ;_U nn* nvio'PnPft Rf
cuuivaie, emu upon WIIHill Ull| VA-?'"?ww
much depends. In conducting experiment
upon nny kinds ofgrain, the zealous farme
should sot apart a certain portion of th
form, say an acre or two, nnd that shoul
be put under high cultivation for growing
and proving seeds, and allowing all kinds c
grain a fair chance for trial. Let the seed
be accurately measured, and the quantit
of land occupied, that the cultivator mn
be enabled to give a correct report, as t
the produce, the quality and quantity, weigh
&c. If wheat, let a certain quantity b
made into flour, in order to ascertain whet!
er it is a superior sort to that which ha
been previously cultivated, ond used m th
family. Societies should bo formed in e*
17 H 611
HERA W
4
?1 ~
LW, SOUTH-CAROLINA,
0. ery county, that they may communicate an,
jh intelligence relative to agriculture, and til
te experiments made; and their results.
ir so doing, a degree of information would b
disseminated, which would be of essentia
to benefit to the farmer, besides the great ad
jf vantages gained in the pecuniary point o
y. view. *
h From whence have all the superior new
r- kinds of wheat, barley, oats, corn and o'hd
; grain, turoips and other roots, been obtain,
is ed, but from the careful observation of fa riprt
crs, who, while investigating minutely rtieii
s fields, have accidentally noticed some plapu
e which were different from all the rest, at1,
traded, probably, by their more vigorous
I nMAMitk lU A *NV 11 rv? m AAA/J A> fkn Kottua
KlUWlllf UIO piUMip^l HMCU, VII |MO in-ilOl
r formed root. These have been planted rar
* apart from the others, the future produced
. carefully watched, and found to be of a su.
, perior quality. The best are again planted,
t and selections again made, repeating the
t practice from year to year, and by this
? means varieties of far greater excellence
f have been secured. The zealous cultiva)
tor, who pursues, this course, is generally
* well remunerated for his trouble, besides the
3 reflection that he has accomplished a great
r good for the community at large. Such is
t the history of many of the best varieties of
1 of grain now in Europe, especially in Brit*
tain, where so much attention has been
* paid to agriculture. The same results may
r be accomplished by our own farmers, if
) ihey would but pay a little more attention to
i the cultivation of their farms. With such
I a soil and climate as we possess, a thousand
; fold might be produced; and it is to be
* hoped that tho time will soon come, when
; the increased attention given to agriculture
I will induce those, who estimate its import.
ance, upon the social and moral, condition
f of the country, to make the same attempts
* to improve the quality of the articles which
. occupy their care and attention,
G. Watson.
> Philadelphia, Jan. 23.18*0.
! ROOT CULTURE.
1 If the representation made by the friends
' of root culture are to be relied on, a great
: change is to be made in our crops bv it.?
c .L: J ?II r?. .u
dome 8ay liiese tmnga uu Tcrjr won ?w?
"little truck patches" of the North, but 'tis
ell idle for a largo farmer to think seriously
of making roots a part of his crop. This
may be so, but if, with the same labor or
more, an aero of ground can be made to
yield in roots thrice the quantity of food for
cattle, that it produces in grain, the "truckpatch"cultivator8
will soon become the moa*
prosp rous, if not the largest land holders. ?
All are aware of the value of succulent food
for stock in tho winter season, par icularly
the young nnd mdeh cows. Look at the
effect of our early rye pastures upon every
thing that feeds upon them. Our cattle are
fed in winter upon food which has lost much
of its nutritive mutter, and the juices of the
rye pastures are very nourishing to them.
It is very essential to the full perfection ot
cattle that th iy should be constantly fed upon
food of this character. The superior keep
of the English cattle is from their roots. The
piocess or drying, to which much of our
common winter food is subjected, tak* s away
a large quantity of nuririve matter, and
nearly ail '.hat water which certainly enters
largely into this nutritive matter. In Eug1
' ? - * i-u. k.. JM?nn Afl
tone, grapes loose m wcigui uj u?/mp, uu ?.
70 parts out of the 100, in this country more,
70 to 75 out of 100. Roots retain their juices,
and if they can be raised successfully,
must form an admirable substitute for green
grasses. It may do that turnips do not an
swer a valuable purpose here?they may be
unceriain.we have known two hundred buth'
e!s gathered from half an acre in this county,
with no more labor than was applied to a
corn crop, and though they have some sea.
sons failed entirely, in places, yet not ten
m lesoff good crops have been made by others
the 8ame >ear. We would not recommend
to any one to do more than make an
1 experiment upon an acre or two We hav*
1 great confidence in the value of the sugar
beet, and are pleased to learn that a number
of judicious farmers in our county, intend
1 to plant from one to three acres this season.
Carrots are cultivated in some parts of the
> country, particularly for colts, and are very
1 highly esteemed.
We copy from the Tennesee Farmer, on
" account of the orop ofG. W. Churchill.
" lsf. Prt paraiion of ground and totting
the seed.?I broke my ground up deep in
' Ft-bruury and replouglied it early in March
?then harrowed it?then threw two furrows
together with a large two horse plough
J O" # ?/
' ?opened that ridge as deep as the plough
? would run?scattered some half rotten ma3
nure in the bottom of the furrow, and then
run the plough on each side, which covered
* up the manure well, leaving a ridge over it.
? Tho ridges I mndc twonnd a half feet apart
f ?I then raked the top of the ridges with
3 hand rakes, and sowed my seeds with a
* drill barrow, which placed them four inches
> apart and two inches deep. Some were
3 covered with the barrow and some with the
r* hand. 1 would here remark, that many per
* sons thought and said it was great labor foi
? nothing?and in fact mv overseer wa?
somewhat displeased at the time and irouoh
? I erunt with such pvneriments. and liughec
I "1?-* ----- ~r
I much at the idea of taking such?pains witt
y "Turnipsand Beets." But in six weeks hi
J and others were greatly astonished ut thi
0 appearance of the crop, and ail who sav
tf them, said they were the best roots the;
0 had seen.
l* u2d Culture.?Shortly after the see<
came up, the ground being very poor am
16 much worn, the grass almost covered th
. plants, f cau*?d the grass to be taken fror
*
1 ga:
ID r E R T
FRIDAY, APRIL 24, 1840
???? ???aeag!gwwie
y among the plants with the hand run a culti.
e va?or between the rows twice?and ploughed
y them twice. The roots grew so high out
b of llie ground, I thought they would not do
] well?and cuused them to Iw hilled up to
? the leaves, which I afterwards fniind was
f wrong.
*'3rd Result.?From the Ruta Baga seed
t I sowed in March, on a piece of ground
r wanting one rod of the fourth of an acre, I
raised upwards of two hundred bushels?
many of tlvm weighing from 12 to 15 lbs.,
and averaging 8 lbs. Th? season was dry,
or the yi 11 would have been greater. From
the experiment 1 made, ! have no doubt but
that our soil and climate is well adapted to
their eultre, and believe when sowed in
good ground and woll cultivated, their average
product will be over nine hundred
bushels per acre. The leaves are smooth
and very luxuriant. I cut the tops thro*
times during the summer. They are fine
for the table and very excellent food for
cows nod greatly increase the quantity and
quality of the milk. The roots are saved
like potatoes, fn the spring they are excellent
for the table, and nothing is better for
hogs and cattle.
I tried the Mangel Wurtzel and Sugar
Beet at the same time and under the same
mode of culture. The Wurtzel did not do
as well as the Sugar Beet. I had a large
crop of Beets. Some measured from 22 to
25 inches round, and weighed 15 lbs.?
average weight 5 lbs. each. The Beet is
excellent for hogs and' cows, and perhaps
with proper culture will yield as much as
the Ruta B iga; though 1 prefer the latter us
a general crop. I am so much pleased
with my crop of roots last year, I shall sow
several acres this spring, and I do earnestly
recommend our farmers to try a crop of
roots at once. 1 am sure they will not regret
the time expended."
Franklin Farmer.
From the Carolina Plantor.
agricultural experiments.
Mr. Editor :
There is much cause of gratification to
be found in the fact, that mnny in'elligent
planters of our State are becoming convinced
that advancement in agricultural science
depends on scientific theories well experimented
upon, and, and scrutinously examined
under all the varions circumstances connected
with soils, sub soils, climates, seasons
and culture ; and i/the spirit of improvement
be prosecuted for ten years with proper energy,
its progress will no doubt astonish its
most sanguine advocate, by inattention to
the diversifications ofsoif, sub soil, manures,
locations, seasons and culture, thousands of
false maxims in agriculture have been ngnin
and again originated, and exploded and re"
vived. For example : A tries an experiment
on one soil * he fails, and condemns
w thout excepton.
B tries the same experiment on another
soil: he succeeds, and commends without
exception.
C tries another experiment; the seasons
prove unfavorable, and he condemns without
respect to seasons.
D tries the same ; the seasons favor and
he pronounces universal approbation.
E tries another experiment under a certain
culture, and succeeds. .
F tries the same experiment under a dif
ferent planjof cultivation, and fails. The
one approves ; the other condemns . and
so on, until a hundred planters may try a
hundred experiments, and thus forming as
many contradictory opinions, practice and
transmit them to the third or fourth generation.
They call themselves practical planimp*
inn and will refer to their own experi
encH in contradiation to those who reason,
discriminate, and try experiments under all
the various comparative circumstances that
may occur. Thus we may account why
there exists such a jumbling ofopinions amongst
planters. The arguments of a majority
of our planters, are about as weighty as
those of a certain writer were in the ninth
number of the Planter, who tells us what
44 the folks" believe so 44 down East"?
ergo, all others must be wrong. I recollect
of having one year a very worthless
overseer, and as I was on a long journey
and absent from my plantation till
July, when I returned I found my cotton
crop over run with grass and weeds ; but
purchasing a reinforce nent of slaves the
grass and weeds were soon taken out of the
cotton beJ, and formed a bed in the middle,
and the season being dry the grass and
weeds were effectually killed : this immense
bed of vegetable matter soon decomposing
and affording moisture, and the cotton having
been worked iRter than usual, n Inter
growth was thereby promoted. Besides,
there wa9 no frost until Nov. that full; and
I made a far better crop than any of my
neighbors who cul;ivated th'tsame quality
of lands. It would be the extreme of folly
however to make such an extraordinary cir,
cumstance a rule of action : yet many planhks
(V>rm nnininnc nnH alloDt oldOS ffOtll C8.
i r r
, ses perhaps not less extraordinary.
The scientific, discriminating, practical
p planter will take care to record all his obser.
, vations Tor years, and thus be prepared to
j form general rules which must seldom fuil
I ofsuccess. It would however.bo impossi.
, ble for one planter or for a dozen planters
d to make all the experiments necessary ;
5 their lives would prove too short, the ex- 1
v pense too considerable, the soils and sub.
P soils too various for so few in number to
collect the sufficient stores of knowledge nej
cessary to carry out the great enterprize. It
j therefore calls forth tho combined wisdom,
e talents, energy and wealth of the State to
n properly unfold the unexplored mysteries of
KET1
.4*^ # ' %
J E R.
??saj 1 w 1 11' '" J" **' '-uianAijuL^. L tr
Agriculture. I have planted, experimented,
and marked resul's for thirty years in a superficial
way. and am now only beginning
to learn. Willing however to throw my
mite into the scale, I beg leave to suggest
the following experiments for those who may
find it convenient to carry them into opera,
tion.
1st. The Pea CroD. It is no longer a I
%
prohlem4hat the green pea vine, if not the
best, is at least one of the most valuable manures
discovered ; it is *the clover of the
Stare. Last year, after my rye and wheat
harvests I sowed a part of the lands broad- 1
east in peas, and turned under the stubble
with the peas, and made and gathered more
peas by ftr than on die samu quantity of i
land in my corn fields. I again sowed rye <
and wheat, and turned under the pea-vines <
in a green state the last of September ; so 1
that by two ploughings I have under way 1
two crops. If therefore I can make & crop I
of wheat or rye and a crop of peas, and still I
improve the lands faster than in any other I
way, the cost will of course amount to noth- 1
ing. Let any try the experiment and he is 1
the gainer. I also turned my fattening 1
hogs upon the peas of one lot, and after the 1
ptMS were eaten off, sowed wheat, turning s
under the green vines ; thus my hogs had 1
not only the benefit of the gleanings of the i
wheat crop, but the pea seed, exclusive of t
great advantages to me in the green vines as
amanuie. f
Secondly, it is now conceded that the 1
pea will grow better after broom-grass than r
any other crop, and that if a field covered f
with broom sedge is sowed in April* with I
peos broadcast, and the turf turned bottom s
upwards with the twisted shovel, it will pro- f
diice a better crop of peas than without the q
sedge. If this prove certain, at all times, it s
surely must be the most valuable plan to re- t
claim such old lands.
3rd. Plant corn in March six or soven
feet distance in the drill;?at tho first or
second ploughing, drill peas in tho step; and
pick off, or turn hogs on them in September,
and then before* frost run one furrow On
each side of tho pea vines so as to bury c
them. The next year plant cotton over the 4
peas and in the corn row, and see lite effects. c
Now there is no extra expense here but 1
ploughing the two furrows to cover the 51
vines. Will not the corn produce as much 1
in proportion to the work as in any other 1
way 7 The fewer rows, the kss hoeing per I
acre ; and the ears must belargcr.
2d. The cotton crop?1st. "An important ?
consideration in the culture of the cotton '
/? _ 1
crop is, nrst, to expedite ns vegetation so as <
to start iho plant ahead of the grass and give 1
it a long stem. For this object, I have for
many years used the liquid manure from the
stable yard ;'and one year tried it row by
row with astonishing effects. Soak the cotton
seed eight or ten hours psevious to plan,
ting in a strong red liquor from the stable
yard, securod by means of an artificial pond;
then roll the aeod in rich earth not
infected with weed or gra?s seed. . I
have not yet made more than one experiment,
row by row, and therefore wish to
hear from ol.ers of the more general results,
so thai if I tm correct the facts may be es.
tublished.
2d. I am convinced that no production
admits of a greater improvement by selection
of seed thau cotton, as two great objects
(the staple and quantity) are thereon de.
pendent. In selecting from my fields lust a
winter, from the most fruitful stalks, I weigh- c
ed the cotton taken from the various boles c
? ? I'fl1 - r ... tn I
or pods ana (ounu aaiuercnce 01 iwcwiy w
fifty grams evon in pods so selected. The t
cotton and seed from the bolos of one stalk V
weighed twenty grains more than that of r
any other stalk I could find, and what was r
more remarkable, the boles contained less f
seed in number, with a thicker coat and a t
finer and longer staple. If like produces its r
like from this stalk, I have but little doubt c
it may prove a superior variety to any yet <
discovered. Let every planter pursue the t
same course, and the quantity and quality \
may be easily advanced twenty per t'ent. <
3rd. The Corn crop.?It is desirable that i
all planters who have fiats of land below .
bold-running springs would try the experi- t
men I s of irrigation. Having made a partial <
experiment last year by conducting a free I
running spring-braach in the middle furrows <
of a field whore corn was planted, I am sat- I
isfied it possesses all the advantages of rain, i
If this plan succeeds, with the aid of manure i
there is no doubt that one hundred bushels <
of corn can bo produced on every acre of
land that can bo irrigated. To make full 1
and fair trial of irrigation, it will be necess. I
ary to leave ten to fifteen rows of corn
-I * * ? ?- ? ? ? MAAMtiMs UtnKnn
wilMQUi watering, auu iu iuauuio h^hwu
J. D. i
berkshire pigs.
Mr Breck :?As many impositions hove (
been palmed off on my brother farmers who
have purchased what we called Berkshire
pigs, I am induced to state a few facts and
offer a few thoughts on this subject. Many
pigs have been sold from droves passing
through this State, Connecticut and Rhode
Island, which do not resemble the true kind
only ns they have some black bristles mixl
ed with white ; some nearly all black, of
common breeds, have been sold for pure
blooded Berkshire. Some drovers have
bought up a lot ofrunts, unfit to breed from,
in Albany and its vicinity, because they
could be obtained cheap, and sold them out
as they passed through the country, while
some men in the vicinity of Albany, (Mr.
Bement informs us,) do not hesitate to sell
half blood for the pure blooded Berkshire,
, they also are disposed of amongthe farmers,
and the impositions are calculated to create
* . #
^ m w>
ijb
.mm - *
jt ;?
'v/ ^
NUMBER 24.
*
P *
a prejudice against this excellent breed of -*
hogs,?for after seeing a pig called Berkshire,
supposing it a fair sample of the breed,
many have supposed them no better then .
the common breeds, in view of these facts,
I would suggest the propriety of our farmers
visiting some establishments where the. pure
bloods are bred, and examining pigs that
have been obtained of honorable breeders,
before they rejectee Berkshifb hogs. We \
also think breeders ought to select the veiy
best to breed from,'and breed from them
only, that the breed may improve instead of
degenerating, ' . *
We are pleased with the principle adopted
by H. 5. Kamsdeil, a breeder of Berkshire
hogs in West Thompson, Ct., who breeds
Dnly from the very best, and in supplying orders
for pigs, send on those worthy to be bred
from, reserving tho inferior ones for the
knife. MrRamsdell has taken great pflina
o obtain a lot to breed from, of the best
rorm without regard to price. Wc visited
lis establishment not long since and found
tome of the best puro blooded Berkshire*
Are have ever seen. At the fairs we hate
utended, or breeding establishments we
lave visited, we havo never seen their equal;
;everal persons in the adjoining towns who
lave purchased Berkshires previous to see.
ng his, engaged pigs of him on account of
he stock being superior to their own.
We could but admire the fine Torm of a
jrandson of Mr C. I*f. Bement** sow * State,
y.' Mr R. informed us it was than 9 1.2
nonths old. On the tape being applied, wo
ound the length from nose to root of tail*
> feet 3 inches. I ought to add, a a the f??
idenceofMr. Ramsdeli is but ofte mfio
rom the Norwich and Worcester railroad,
>ur farmers along the railroad from Thomp.
on to Boston, might conveniently supply
liemselves with pigs from his establishments
.. E. D.
Webster Jan. 1,1840.
New England Farmer.
BATTEH CAEL',
The following is by a lady ;" one pint of
:ream, one pint of sour'milk or buitermiik,
1 eggs, a teaspoonful of salt, saleratus guf&?
dent to destroy the acidity of the milk, and
hrce pints of sifted flour, enough to make
i stiff batter. Stir the articles well 'ogeiher,
md bake in a deep djsfi, To be eaten hot
with butter.'*?Albany Cultivator.
Yeast. Beer yeast, which is (he best for
Dread, shouldjbe strained through a hair
sieve,and two or three quarts of cold spring
water poured over it; when it has stood for
24 hours the water should bo poured off,
he yeast will then be found at the bottom of
be vessel, quite thick.. To preserve that
which may be left over the baking, it should
do put into a bottle, cerked tightly, and kept
n a cool place. In cold weather it will
continue good for a fortrigh', but fresh yea>t
3 always preferable. When it does not
ippear sufficiently, strong, honey or brown
tugar may be mixed with it, in the proporion
of a tea.spoonful to half a pint.
Pork Cheese.?Chose the hnad of a
ima'l pig which may weigh about twelve
lounds the quarter, Sprinkle over it and
he 'ongues of four pig* a little common
ialt atfd a very ijttle saltpetre.?
jet them lie 4 days, wash them, and tie
hem in a clean cloth; boil them until - the
>onc? will come easily out of the head,
ake off the skin as whole as possible, place
i bowl in hot water and put in the bead, _
;utting it into small pieces. In the bottom t
>f a round tin, ?beped like u small dices'',
ay two strips of cloth across each other,
hey must be long enough to fold over tho
op when the shape is full, place dip akin
ound the tin, and nearly half All it with
neab which has been highly seasoned with
>epper, cayenne and sah; put in some
ongne cut into slices, then the rest of the
neat and the remainder of the tonguer
Iraw the cloth tightly across the top ; put
>n it a board or a plate that will 'fit into
ho shope, and place on it a hoary weight,
vhich must not be taken off till it be quite
told. It is eaten wj:h vinegar and mustard,
tnd served for luncheon or supper.
Spruce Beer,?' When ton gallons of waer,
six lbs, of raolasee9, and three ounces
)f bruised ginger have boiled together for
lalf an hour, two pounds of the outer sprigs
if the spruce fir arc to be added, and boiled
for five minutes; the whole is then to bo
Jtrained through a hair sieve, and when
milk-warm, put in'o the cask, and a tea*
supful of good yenst stirred well into it.?
When it has fermented a day or two, it is
to be bunged up, and the following day bottled.
It wil be fit for use i?i a week.?
The ginger is sometimes omitted, and instead
of the spruce fir, thee ounces of the
essence may he used, which is _ to be wail
whisked, together with the mohsses, land a
gallon or two of warm water; then put into
the cask, which is to be filled up with water,
and the yeast added.
TUSCAN CATTLE.
a
In 1921 or 1822 Commodore Bainbridge
brought to Baltimore from Italy a pair of
Tuscan Cattle. They were sold by Mr.
Skinner to J. Middletown, Esq. ofSantee.
Mr. S. thus speaks of them at the time? ^
"These Cattlo were sometime in the
possession of the Editor, (American Farmer,
who became convinced by personal ob
servation, that tor activity ana aaaptauoa w
all kinds of farm labour, and for capacity
to withstand the heat of Southern climate,
they fully justify the character given tham
by Commodore Jones?the colour,form tad
texture of their skin, all indicate thesa 0*?
pneities?we hope they may bo duly apjffBw
dated and fully tested."
w i