Farmers' gazette, and Cheraw advertiser. (Cheraw, S.C.) 1839-1843, March 27, 1840, Image 2
^
ldcat^t nur! most sterile countries of Est- I
ropf\ Scotland Willi all its disadvantage
rivn to a s"nto of agricultural prosperity,"
far bevond any thing which could have been'
expected from such ti sod and climate ; a ml ;
some of tho counties, especially tho Lnthi. j
mis, are not inferior, in point of cuhivntiun
and product, to the richest in England. At
n meeting of thai Society, held a few weeks
previous to my arrival, 177 memb- fs wore
added r.t one time, paying three guineas entrance,
and one guinea annually, and these
included the names of the most respectable
men m the country. At this meeting, there
vas an additional sum of ?1,500 ($7,000)
&u scribed, to promote tton intcrcs's of the
Society. Every agricultural county makes
. an annual report, and thus thirty-throe re.
. ports, embracing every object of agncuL
tural interest, are annually submitted to the
Society.* English Agricultural Societies,
although with less uniformity, are seduousIv
Oiigaged in the same cause, and the result
has been {lie general diffusion oi agriCultural
knowledge. The different soils
?
->nn\ ~,,,a?tt?? k:nds of manures
via yu ^ ? nnd;
modes of cultivation ndnpicd to each,
Ivjvo been pointed out. Tin*steam engine
has been introduced in 'hn.shing nnd agr*
cultural purposes, an J Great Britain (including
Ireland and. Scotland;'.vb.ich formerly average
' n'no bushels of Wheat to the acre,
last year produced in the aggregate,- 19J
bushel! ;aad three oflhe counties of Sco*.
l-tn'4'and several of En^hidr tivtrogcd 5i
lninhol.i in tbr nr-rn Y~PirfnrT' X)V the
name of Thotttt^Ohvei^ reAdtug five or
*Tiii? Society was founded in I7rl, by a ff-w
gentlemen, who "formed themselves into a hole
corner club, in a coffee house called the Exchange,"
in Edinburgh. From a most wretched
state they have railed the agriculture of Scot,
land, until it his reached tho very topmost ran It.
The means winch were employed by this society,
are thus detailed in the Edinburgh Quarterly
Journal of Agriculture :
In t e dc.ys of its v.<uth a:nl focblenc?', the
Ilighlu nd Society sent the leaven of the turnip
' husbandry into all the g'aus and straths of the
nort , byotfors of small prizes to certain High,
land parishes ; and the same may be said as to
.the growth of clover and the liner grasses. As it
advanced in elrcnglli,(us to numbers and to cash,)
attention was giveu to premiums for stocle ; then
camo offers of reward to men of science to discover
better implements and machines, to diminish
friction *nd consequently draught, tiich as in
the-thrasking mill and other parts of agricultural
'machinery. Still advancing in the Scale of intejiect
anij science, premiums were offered lor
essays to bring to light th? facts connected with
ebemwtry ati-J natiiral philosophy; and, under
tiio auspices of the society was Set up the 'Quar.
lerly Journal of. Agriculture,' u work which has
been tlfe vehicle of conveying so much useful
information to the agriculturist,-that weltumbly
venture V> say it ought to appear on the tabic and
took shelf of every farmer's parlor. After this,
the great stock shows wero resolved upon, as
another liuk of union bo* ween the soeibtv and
the practical farmer, at the same time throwing
aside all paltry fooling, end milking them open
to stock from both sides ol the Tweed, [i. e. from
England ae well as Scotland. ] How well they
have suoc3eded, let the last oao at Glasgow boar
witness. (This was thb most splendid show of
fino cattle ever exhibited ) . Nor lias the Society
forgotten the beauty of tho" country, as tho* premiums
offered in regard to planting trees and
such like Fubrjccts fully testify ; and to sum up
all, it may be said, the Highland Society has
been a pciat d* appui, a rallying point, to wbich
t bo agriculturists of Scotland might Iraki and
a fostering mother to all who, although strong
in talent, wero weak iu iatecest to mttwe it pub.
he." *
Premiums to the amount '"$17,000 were of.
fared the last year, undor the following classiti
cation :
"Class I.?Agricultural machinery, SCO sov.
crcigns and a gold and silver medal.
Class II.?Essays and report <m various sub.
} ;cts, embracing thirty-one Fubjectfs of high'niter
efci 10 me farmer, v:x:
1. Geological survey*.
2. Reports on coal districts;
Mines and Mineral#. .
? 4 Produqto of peat moss, &c.
ii. Comparison between diftetcnt kinds of manure
in raising- potatoes.
ii. Extended application of water and other
power to farm purposes.
7. Comparative efficacy of the two modes of
thotougfi draining. .
8. Reports on irrigation.
9. Forest planting.
lu. Sheep pastures at elerations.
lU Improved-sheep salvo.
12:*On crossing Ihe Cheviot with t!ic New
Iviieester ram.
13. CalGvation oTthc recently introduced correal
and other gpins.
14.-4PeeJir?g farm horses on raw aud prepared
fcfti
' 1.1. Early rearing and fattening of lamhs.
t(u Insects injurious to agricultural* plunts.
J7. Insects injurious to forest trees.
18. Comparative nutritivs property of grasses.
19. Extirpating ferns front pastures.
5). Ihorough-drainiug.
21. Subsoil plowing of thorough-drained land.
32. Mole plow*
23. idxpciiments with manures.
34. Analysis of bone or rape dust.
25. On the effects of altitude on vegetation :
IW* Feeding of Cattle.
'37. Forests of larch.
38, On raising improved varieties of grains :
39. Reports on improved rural economy abroad.
39. Honorary premium lor reports on certain
districts in Scotland.
iU. Investigation of certain points connected
with the-eetenco of agriculture, viz :
An essay vO? memoir explaining on scion tide
principles, the tnodc in winch soil operates in
producing or facilitating tho germination and
growth of vegetables.
An essay or moiuoir describing and proving, on
scientific principles, what is tho best adoiixturooftho
ordinary elements of soil, foe pro*
moling tho germination and growth of ? trticiu
lar vegetables.
A.i essay or memoir describing, on scientific
principles, the mode in which linio operates
in rendering the soil better adapted lor tho
germination and growth of particular vegota.
b!cs^ ?
An essay or moraoir explaining, on scientific (
principles, tiio eff >ct of drainage in altering ,
tbo constitution or qualities of the so:!, ami in.']
creasing its fertility. t
An essay or memoir, showing the nature of the i
atmospheric influence on soil, in promoting i
its fertility, including the modification ofi
these influences arising froin heat and cold,!
dryness and moisture. - j
C'inss Iil>?Waste. lumh?their improvement j
bv tillage... f
" Clan* IV ? Crops and culture.
Class- V.-"Pastures?tlicir management.
% . Class VI."? fiive Stock?districts competitors. [
Crass VII'.?'Products of Jivo stock?batter
and cheese.
Class VIII-r-Tho best kept cottago and cot- I
1 go gardens.
Class IX.?Woods eii-1 plantations.
CliasiXW^Gencral show oflive stock, and ag. '
cculitxral meeting at Inverness."
? 'f?t car
V A.* :k
t # , *
i ' *' w
six miles from Edinburgh, loosed a form fprj
jtho !asUwe*dy years, of 150 "acres, paying
hnmiaiv n .rout of 10 guineas per ncny
.^fS7?r>0()) on which lie raised grain, fray
?r. i vegetables fur the mftrk'et of Edinbuigh.
! 'Phis lease Ik; has recently renewed for'
| nineteen years, (die usual time to which;
i leasestpr.; on the same t?rrr.s, nnd from a
poor man ho has become independent in
; his circumstances, and now rides in his
j carriage. What American Farmer could
make a profr t!j it would enable him to pay
j such an enormous rent ? Ali may bo nci
counted for on liie principles of judidlods
' manuring and careful industrious cullivaj
fion. On the continent, especially *"? Geri
many, their annual fairs bring together the
; farmers nnd pemsnn's of nil the surrounding
1 country, whero'their amb.tion nnd indus ry
j are stimulated by a variety of fetes, and the
distribution of prices to successful compc:
titors, and whilst Princes, Dukes and Barons
1 '? ? biaoo
; arc engaged m awarding prizes iu uhf~
I who have been mos* successful in the culti;
vat on of grams and catd'vlieir lovely wives
i are occupied in a humbler, hut much mor*
lively scene, in complimon'ing and distribut
ing premiums to the industrious housewife,
for her fine specimens of fruit?her bu tor
; and clictso?her linen cloths, weaving.
kntt'lng, and other manufactures. I huv-;
no Jouj/l I shall be ridiculed for my want of
.; taste, uI en I state that to me, the Grand
' Duc'i.ss of Budcr* present uig a silver cup
f to > poasmt girl, before an asspmWfti crowd
oi fmcst speci,
i men of mariofnctured gloves, was a more
! ?*n teres ting s:g!;t than that of he gay Queen
Victoria, racing through St- James Park,
, with fifty fools at her heela, striving not to
! be distanced by the r lovely rnis rcss.
, " The industry and expense bestowed in
i collecting nn?f applying measures in Eng,*
i.tnd, and which is only exceeded by rile
j more scientific mode adopted iu the envi?
j rons of Paris, at tho "Bdyantcrifc de Mont:
faucon," where all the nfFJ from the city,
, including every dead animal ? (t ie horses
; of this description alone amounting annual'!
!y fo 16,000)?is converted into manure,
' may be noticed in a future number,.and is a
: subject \vhicit is ndt only of great impornnce
, to the Farmer, but should lie carefully ini
A est iga [ed by the authorities of all large ctl1
{teg.
From a cursory review of the eti! ivution
1 cf the various kingdoms of Europe, it ap.
1 pcared fo me that England was in the h;gl>
I est state of cultivation, and whh-h fr -rn its
I ?
! beautiful thorn hedges?its neat rot-ages,
t ado r.cd by tin; eglantine, honey suck I * and
' tM.wfind lhor#? Kv f!,f? flfirk
j ??%, VII' |WViVV? ll' l" KIIVJ MM.... ? J J
j and palace, rendered the whole land a pic
turcsqm gardei. Sorrr* of the counties ol
' Scotland, such as 'he Lothians and the carso
i of S erling and Gowrie, arc in no- wise infe.
; rio:\ '^ho lililo I saw of the cultivation ol
! Irel >nd, railierexceeded my expectations.?
| Belgium and portions of the Netherlands,
i have a better sod than that of England,
and are fully as productive, but they want
i neatness of cultivation, and, like the whole
. continent of Europe, are di s'i'ute of f wrs
and hedges ? to me the fields wan ed orna.
: inent, and the eottages seemed without
11 much comfort. The fields of Denmark
;; were-loaded wi'ltno abundant crop of wheat,
j 4u: there, as well as every where else, I
\ hoard bitter complaints of hard times, and
f the seycre exactions of Government. I fre
quew'Iy thought thnt it woald.be no ba<J
pfan for bur Aw.ciicnn grumblers about taxes
j and oppression, to take a trip to Europe,
1 ttrid j**arn a who'esome lessen. Take my.
| word for it?it wiil stop the mouths of dema|
gogucs, reconcile them to their own country,
| and they wouJJ return?not as politicians,
| but Anrn ricans, saying, I have smned
against heaven and my native land, and am
i now only worthy to bo called thy son. I
! found the Grand Duchy of Baden and parts
,| of Wirtctnburg, belter cultivated than Prusisia
in general, probably b< cause the soil
i was more susceptible of improvement. Swit;
zcr-land is too romantic to be rich?and tin;
j Rbir.e ks ioo classic a stream to be the dull
; river orcuinuiercei or be surrounded by
; any thing else than mountains, where tho
1 vino clambers along its sides ai.d the ruined
1 castle frow n-? on its loft eSt peaks. In the
| cultivation of Ecu nee. I was greatly disup
pointed?the sword has scarcely had time
to he beat tn'o the ploughshire?:he?oMier
finds ii hard to sloop to the labor of the
; harrow end the hoe, and seems disposed,
| yet a while, to leave this drugery to the
women. Austria, with its Hoe soil and
! climate, is*retarded in Agricultural improve
ment by the wealth of its nobles and the op.
! pression of i:s peasantry. Its possessions
{ in Bohemia appeared rather better rnltivii
ted than those por ions bordering on Hun '
gary and Venice.
\ Of fruits, I found tlie apples in England
! leathery and inferior?on the continent, th"
i flavour w.f& finer?but I give a decided
j preference to those of my own country?
j Beaches were every where wanting in
flavour. T?:e best 1 tasted were from a
j green house near London. The only ones
! 1 found growing :n the open a r that I re.
| garded as in any way comparable to those
[ of America, wero nt SohafFhausen, nt the
I falls of the Rhine. But whilst the Aorth.
i ern part of Europe does not appear lo be
! we'd adapted to impart a delicious flavour to
i the upplo and the peach?it greatly excels
in other fruits. 1 find myself growing envif
? O O
ouswhenl thin!; of llic'r fine goosbcrrie9
i and cherries?the pears and plums of
[ France and Germany are most delicious,
and when my noes inform mo that I bought
the latter, of the size of a fowl's egg, twen*
ty-fivc a penny, I feel tlmt I ne'er shall see
the like and so cheap again. wen; i a
cultivator of frails in Carolina, I would imncrt
the few varieties of apple that succeed
'In our middle- midha ok country, and the i
peach thot succeeds every where, if not at- |
tacked by the circuiio, from Pennsylvania ;
or New Jersey?the; gooseberry and cur-;
r;in?, which succeeds among our mountains, i
from Long fslanl?the cherrv from some!
* I
ofour Northern Stn'es?the grape from '
some of the best varieties cultivated in our'
:rji('i r country?and the pear plum, and ;
pr .r.'o :':o:c So: I. tv.x ; ;v? ; "brought from
C'.'S SIIOUIU IIC (Jill ei Ulljr (<uiii.k ,t.u utiu n.iw?
iiito Iiio fnrm-vard. '
When t is found necessary to empty the
dung yard* early in the season, whether *
with h view to make room in the yards, to ]
expedite spring work, or employ the teams
in unfavorable werit ?er. when they could
not otherwise he employed to c.rlvaieage _
' upon the farm, I recommend that preparations
should be made in the usual manner y
for the reception of the dung heaps in the
intended turnip fields, viz*, hy collecting *
large heaps of rlay, m;trlf or such ?ther 11
material. The bottoms-of the henps should ,
not l>e In d above fix or eight inches thick ; st
1 of the material, and a large quantity of t to t!
1 be placed in rows on each side of the bot- ?c
tonis marked ou'?the dung should t?e*n be m
drawn out of the vnrds, and j?|ae d upon toe
* bottoms, l>u' not in the usual way of throwing
it up loosely to cause fermentation? on ti
lite coritiar\, by drawing the carts with heir si
loads upon the heaps, for the purpose r f re
compressing the dung, and thereby prevent i a|
ing fermentation. One or two men (at - j(J
cording 10 the numb 'r of teams employed, ^
and distance from ho yards) should r nna n
constantly at the heaps w hile the teams are fc
at work, on purpose to spiend and level , ,s
the dung regularly, so ns to rendi-rr the as- I ^
cent easv for the sueceding teams as tot y
come witti their loads. sa
If the dung has not been rreviously mixed
In ?kn >m?iIo ? ulmnlil Im vn in ilraiiiutf !n
I?i lliu Jf'r lu^i ?l miuuiu wv ?? - f} " i
the heaps, by means of '.iking up ft few w
loads from one yard, nnd a few from i ^
another* alternately, and even from :lie i *h
same yard the loads of dung should bo rt&en }
from different parts alternately, by reason j nc
that the dung is irot of equal quality* ne'r ^
m .do with the sarin? regularity? iti all p.His
of i bo yard.
The coal ashes, road scraping*, and all pt
other collections of manure about the farm
house, should also be carried to tee n'u a
heaps in the fi<-l<ls ; and when the heaps are hc
ra sed as high as convenient for thn liors s jt,
to draw up, several loads should be shut up jt
at the cuds of the heaps, for the. purpose of &
making them up to the square of the centre : tjr
the whole heaps should then be completely ^
covered with the marl and clay, or soil previously
collected in rows bv the sides of the
beans; and if the c should no; have been -i
sufficient quaiui y of material collected in' afj
the first instance, more should be got rc idy
without loss of time, so as to effectually enclose
the dung heaps i:: crusls, and they are C<
thenceforth railed pies. The dung will hp w<
preserved in the pics in a very perfect state, w!
with little or no deterioration or diminution ju<
j without fermentation, and without loss by
| exhalation or evaporation. The pies should
i remain in this slate until within ten days <-r
| a fortnight of the time the manure will* I*- y,
[ wanted for the turnip ground* when they *
' should be turned carefully over, and the
crust, top, bottom, and sides in imaiely mixed *e
up with the dung : when the turning is co n- lo
pb ted, immediately plough several furrows ;
of the natural soil all round the heaps, and git
with the loose earth ploughed up, aguirt coa' ab
the heaps all over; the pies will then take
a gentle fermentation ; the earth intermixed ?>n
j with and covering the dung will absorb ill" ea
| juices and gasses of the dung, and the conir ro
j post come out in a fine state of preparation
j for using on the turnip land.
: When the turnips are sowed in the Xor-*
I thtimbnrinrfd ridge system, 'he drills should ^
: be split open, the dung taken from the pies/
land spread in the rows, then covered up, j c0
and th?* seed sr^vn immediately in the fresh I 011
earth?the whole operation should, ii pussco
Id", be completed in the same day, when f:i
every ridge or drill forms a little hot bed, to j tir
encourage the vegetation of the plan's and
force them speedily out of dm reach of the !
turnip files. : J;.j
When dung is taken out the yards hue 0f
m
* '^V'- '
the Jaterr place. nfe particularly jN&iptcd toiiu
the cdim&te uf*Cb?rtestoi?, and I ^hjve seen* is
thorn ridttva ted hero with great sfepccss. **ja
": * * - ? +* - for
Farm Yakd Manure.
[Continued Ifom.l-?s; w?\ k.J I '
Having p'? ntft-l o Jt what I con^jder the Pa
i principal errors in the prevalent or common
j m tliod of husbanding firm-yard ninnur**. V!<
i will now endeavor io explain Jpy ideas
of what [consider a more perfi?rsys*?m UP
and it I am correct in the opinion^ have ve
formed on lie subject, I will venturoto say, tr;
| there can b * no difficulty in producing upoii *'
; the farm n sufficient quantity of yard muck SI*
! or compost to manure the* whole of 'ho tur- ttl
j nip land upon any farm, in a medium st iff? "V1'
of fertility, cul'ivitted up<?n the four course j111
I husbandry ; and if mv premises a?o corre^tj ';u
! the occupier may may then reserve the
i whole of his stipulated quality of o !-cak?'
for his wheat crop, that d -script on f ma- 'ei
| nure being c< rtainly m ?re adapted to .the P1
j wheat than to die turn'p crop. P^'
As the great object I aim ?t tlie fnllmg- l,f
ing !- n s to improv- the quality ?fs well as* r<
to increase the quantity of firm yard ma- ta
nures, f stiongly recommend, indeed I fgn- *r
siiler it mdisponsablv necessary, rfiAr all dr. If1
script ions of farm-yard dung should, in tiie
first instance, be as intimately mixed tugeiii- "O?
- ? w
er ns possible, and ?hnt particular nuruujni
sbou'd be paid ?o the husbanding of the
horse dung, which sionld without (ait be re
Tiiovwljkiiltj into tiio store cit'le yards in
tlic rnSur I have previously recuuinvri- *
'liSr'AoiSKisa s??k. /j
ways be k' pt n the yards?*-no dry straw '4b
should lie left to blow about the slack yards ; *c
al! .-hiui i bo brought into the cattle jards.
No"ties, thtellcs, arid other coarse weeds:
(not in seed) should be brought into the (
,j yards, and-not allowed to die nnJ waste in 1,1
i tne fields and ditches w hen th?y n?-e cut
J down. The h irsts Kepi on lite ld?rn should U1
be fed w ih gven font! in the yards*in t v 1,1
summer moot is, and they should also be 1,1
1 allowed to run loose,in the yards in win.er, 1,1
were not included in the statement upon ?
1 h iVitig s abb's or slieds 'o t?o into at pleas.
ure. The yards, s tables, and sheds should .
at all times be kept well littered wi hs raw. ,n
riie soap lc? s from the farm..house should sl
he carefully preserved, and thrown upoi.1
the dung in the vards?saw-dust, leaves of i'''
trees, road scrapiugs, scourings of ditehes, c*
. m short, all animal and vegetable subs; an- ,M
I U I r..ll.. .nlLiitnJ an/I llir/.mn dt
w the
spring, or only a short iirrfo before if th
wanted for ilio, fu^rnip ground, 4hn "prepa. Q\
ion should in some degree rjifl?*r from the fcj
egoing, because of the. pies or compost
;ips having l<-ss time for incorporating.?
ecommcnd the following process for prerng
dung late in tin? spring, -First let "
; bottoms.and si3a heaps of earth I)*' pro
led, in lie S inn* m-innras for lho winter P(
:tps, l?u. tlx; dung sliould not be carte l ft
on be heaps So compress tlx-m, and pfe. {j.
ut ft'rmont.ition as in winter ; nn the con* -e:
?ry, the d ing sh uld he thrown up lightly a|
ill llu? fork, upon the ho-toms, and the
le heaps ofearth mixed intimately along
ti^the dung, which answers the dotibl-:
irp se (,f reducing the straw part of "the
ng to a proper stale for applying to t e n'
id, and prevents an excess of f-rmenta. 'r
<n in the cen rO|0j?tt^f;ips^ j^Vhen tlx* ci
ops arc raised nflpppritly h^gh, and cx- fr
id :o cover ^Rsrpfflrcs^ : he bottoms pre- fi
red. illy nafnrij soil of ffrt* fit.Id sliofild tic 5
lughe^pufl round tho fin rips, nn'P thrown 0
von'ffleinfill ti?e mn^itr hnro'otoie
J ; the pi#s ttfifl t'qp take $ g'-orfu fennel ^
t on, ahd*soniT %?*ratfy Tor We. The ,
no requirAMor preparing
is mannqjr must depend opnrv live s r.eivgth
the dung* artd^he quanti:y oflWl Hay or w
arl thrown'op nlong*wiih4t; Exfrrien#e. ^
ill soon point out the proper jqudfciit/ 01 b
arl to bo appliod, and ;he'neoessnry tim" ti
r the pins to remain before they are us-'d. b
urf'urncd up for a vmir preeueding, on v
by live sid?s of roids, makes exc.fl- c
nt pie meat. Good compost heaps up*
ied lo l-n i have the nlT-nt of r-novaiing
uls worn out ivy arauJj^dlure and stnnu
ling manor *
Oojer ions (on rhe score of expense) will "
raised against ihe svs cm I have recom c
r.ded, hut when it is considered that the t
'eater part of tlm addi'ionaf'oxpense is in. p
' nual lalw>r, surely tha' objection should s
tvc no w iglt: in the scnl?*r when wefghod j
balance against ;he ult mate benefi io
ie farmer, and the highly creditable me hi
of employing the superabundance of lavrrers,
or excess nf population, with which
c landed, interes* is at present burth -ned ;
i preference to the custom ?rv method of 6
ippotting the extra laborers and their fa mi- '
s as paupers. or wi?ioh is much ihe same '
iug, employing such laborers in what-is s
ilied rejja ring tlv roads, that is (accord- t
g to the eomm m piacice) thro irig the t
rt from the sides nto the centre, nnd there- t
/creating a jnb for some other persons to j
row the dirt out ngan.
FARMERS' GAZETTE. I
; t
FRIDAY. MARCH >7. 1840.
Show fell in this town for several hours on
t'ednesciay the 18th. but the ground being
ct from a previous rain, it melted as soon as
touched the earth. The nexj morning
ia!low water was cofcred with ice, and the '
irfaec o p!oug!.ed ground wis frozen; but ;
icre being no deposite of frost, vegetation, I
'' * ? i i i i.
? mr ns we nave ouscrveu, Has not uwu
uch affected. t
A bill passed both branches of the Legisla- *
ire of Pennsylvania, more than ten days
nee, to compel the banks of the state to
sume; but on the last reading in one branch,
m-ndments were added, in which the other j
anch refused to concur. The result, after
ie ifbual formalities, was the appointment of
>mmittee of conference. That committee it
now said cannot agree, and it ti believed (
ic bill will be lost.
In the Legislature of Virginia a bill on the |
nne subject was postponed till next year.
m
Col. Elmoro was unanimously elected President
is unanimously elected President of the S. W. ^
filroad Co., but declined. Col. Oadsden was 3
eu elected. 3
The Governor of Missifwnppi tietord 13 of tho
its passed byheth branches of tho L-gislatur? j *
that state during its lat sossion.
i
The prospectus of the ''Suirthcrn Baptist ]
j!pit" shall be inserted ne.it'week. r
A wf>man in St. Louis, in the absence of 1
T husband took down a rusty pistol to clean
not supposing it to be loaded and snapped
first at a female neighbor to scare her, and !'
en twice at a Mr. RusseH. The second r
ne it went oflf and killed him. So much for
p folly of meddling with what one does not 1
iderstand. 1
1 -4?> c
Illinois and N^tgponain hare a difficulty r
tftfcfheir dividit^pjo^nderies. ? v ?
1 I ?*
At the late commencement of the fifc'tfical c
)llege of the State of South Carolina, there
>rc 06 graduates. The whole number
rich attended the lectures during the session I
^ * I
it closed was 193. 1
' . v - p?
Two important ifqras of intelligence' brought *
the British Queen lately .arrived in New |
>rk frorn London,, are, that the British Min- f
ry were defeated in the House of Commons, j
?b. 27, on the question of g.ving a pension ,
\T rvrv?? in/1 I (,af lIlA HO K
Oir JUIIII liuwpuil | aIIU WIAW 1 IVlll/ll \
inistry were defeated on tlio question of ;
zing an annuity to the King's son, who is i
out to marry, and they bad therefore resign- J
. Such are questions to agitate tne two '
tost powerful and enlightened nations on
rth." The Ki ig oft he French, for whose 1
n an annuity is claimed, is himseff the rlcht
man in the world.
Messrs. Saunders and Moore the candi- A
tes for Governor of North Carolina have \
mmenced attending the courts anJ making
jctionei nng stump speeches. At Orange 1
urt they consumed an entire afternoon in a
therwarm debate; each speaking several |
ncs. i
: I
It is said that Duff Green is about to estab- I
h a paper in Baltimore to favor tho election I
Ger. "Harrison- Whether true or one ef a '
tousand baseless efGnesVctfculatcdtin the
re of a Prcsidtmiial clettion we not
k* \ w '
low, . fl| 1
The following' appropriate remarks we copy
on) tho Camden Journal otlhe 21st. inst. on
subject which concerns a large portion of the
?6p!e of the State. VVc hope the Bank of
?e Stat* will not attempt in the present cmtrras^ed
condition of the money market, to
<act specie from the other bonks whose notes
re receivable for state taxes rnd must be
aid into that bank; and yet Camden Joural
would hardly speak as it does, unless it
ad information to be relied on. We can see
o adequate motive ,|pr such a course,?air
ideod, any gp>d motive at all. If- the
reditore of tho state were to demand spocieJ
orn the ba~nk when, it is paying out Stale
inds to them, it ift%ht perhaps, in that case,
e justified in also'requiring specie for the bills
fother banks deposited with it for making
!*e payment/. Such demand, however,.will
ot bo mafltby the creditor* of the state. At^
it will any extentr-rpcrhape it will
pi Cy a*"iftig!?tfndividual. T!ie course of
rhichr we afteajc on the pprt of thd bank^
Jiuld sewn to imply that l^has betoid^s''
tradened as to be unable, from it6own funds^
o commend specie- for the redqpiption- of iff
ills a<< fast as they come in upctfl it. Ifd^-it
could 9urely be more just and honortWe*, and
reate less d?stre&p i^ the community, torus
\end at once lifian attempt to hold out at thft
ixpen'^e of other banks thrown somewhat
into its power, not in the ngular course
f banking business, but by accidenJ al
ircunMance of its being .the fiscal agent of
he state. It cannot be the wish rtf the peoile
of Sou'tlr Carolina that the funds of the
fate should be used to embarrass barilfscreaed
for the public accommodation, and which
ire manfully struggling in tile most trying
ircumstances to fulnl the end- fur which
he 8tate created them. The public, funds
ire not deposited with the bank for any
uch purposi-; but for the purpose only
>f safe-keeping, and being paid out to the
egal orders of authorized agents - of the
if ?f.e WnnU should attentat to abuee
he incidental trust of holding for tire state
ho bills of other bank?, by calling upon these
iank9 to bear, or share, any embarrassment
iroughtiipon it, either by its dtfn misnfauagenenf,
or by unforeseen revulsions in the money
narket, affecting them equally withitselfc we
lave no hesitation in coming to the conclusion
hat, in such case, the other banks ought to
lefeat the a Item pi by suspending specie pay.'
nents, as to the notes thus presented by the
Bank of the Stale, rather than d.stress the
tommunity by J he contraction wlifcli migbt be
leressary to redeem them, For the public
ind not the banks would be the chief sufferere.
This the banks could do, and still pay specie
is :a now done, in the course of their ordinary
justness. Vv.
We are very far from being disposed to
ountenance that laxnese of morals which
illows nvn to make engagements that they
tave no reasonable profiled of being able to
neet,?or, which is no better, allows thein to
tvade, without a constraining necessity, the
jrompt payment of just debt->. But.wlien un
orcscen embarrassments occur which could,
tot lave been provided against, then,
i reasonable indulgence is due to debtjrs;
especially if the creditor has no fair
:laim to prompt payment. When such indulgence
is not voluntarily granted the debtor
a riirht tn flnv fair Ann IpctaI means oi
Staining it..
We would create no prejudice against the
Bank of the State. So far as we know, it lias
ilwnyi been well conducted. The times,
without any fault of its own, may have thrown
t into embarrassment, and for the laudable
mrpose of extricating itsef from this embar ?f
ftiMgti- it may be tempted to abuse an
mportasrt trust. But the time of temptation
s tiie time of xnal to principle. Almost any
nan or corporw>fc%ay do right wlien there
s no temptation to tip wrong.
11 is perhaptftpsppefj, to prevent misappre*
lension, we sbduld nay tb^L we are influenced
jy no locaLinlerwrtlrTtUese remarks. Thd bank
ocatcd in this community has be^n so cautious,
y conducted that we understand it would not
>e materially affected by being/"required to
ed' em in specie or specie funds any quantity
>f its bills lively to pass into the. state treasuy*
V ."JtL
The Allowing js tlie.article from the Cam.,
ten Journal to wltich we referred above.
^ tux: xji* xot ju o-rrtc uatnrs. c.
Tlfe suhjedi of |t?e late Tax Act, nncHts
jrobyble efTects upon the; Banks nnd tfir
r-onle. has heretofore aitracied a f;iree
1 * " * 0
share of public attention, and is likely. we
liink, still to command it. It will he nantmberid
that the Lrjjisltuun: enabled that
he Taxes should ho paid " in specie, pap- r
nedium op the notes of the specie puying
dunks of 'his State. At the time this enact
nent'tihs made, only the following Banks
vera paying specie, and up to this period,
here are none o her, viz ; The Bunk of
lie S ate, the Bank of Charleston, t.ie Comrn
jviiil B ink, the Bunk ofGeorgetown, the
dank ofCamden, and the Merchant's Batik.
Uh-raw. As the cireul ition of tiie notes oj
h'* Banks in the city, which pav specie, is
wry limited* it is probable ihat more Uian
hree fourths of the taxes will b?* paid in tin
lO'es of the country banks. These notes
v 111 of course go immediately into the Bank
if the Sat*% which is practically the State
n ntiMudAn iknn
rrensury. i IIU iiupui unit ijuv.oiiun iiivii
i !s?'s, what wijl the 13.ink (Ju with Thorn?
Will it pay them out n^nin to tl?e cr'adii6r?
>f tl?? S'ato1?Or, will speine b<> demanded
br theifi 1 VV?- scarcely know how to ere
lit the ass- rt on, but we have heard it stated
hat the Bank of the State will adopt the
ut.tr course. If such be the factrand fron;
[he manner in which it comes, to us, w<
inrdly Have room to doubt, we cannot .but
* - % ?
li' * - 1 " 9 i
^pK^Sp^io^AiH^int and Directors have
widew$i8tai^tlic object"of the C^gialature,
in jjie onSnmerfPto wirich we have re.
lerred. TndMBly, certainly never contemplated
that irvy were creating an engine
to cripple and break down the action of the^>
specie paying batiks. On die contrary, we
had always supposed that the Legislature
by this measure intended jo compliment
Mind eneoorfcgo those Banks that were using
every effort to fulfil their obligations, rather
than oppress and punish them.
If lite creditors of the State demanded
specie for their claims, the case, would be
'widely different', and there would be just
gro Jiids .for. the contemplated action, but
we have no intimny^n that such a contingency
is anti' ipaled.
The whole taxes of th* Stale amount to
f^omeiliing over two hundred and eighty
I thousand dollars. If eighty thousand of
j tins amount is coHcctcd in tho notes of tho ^
I B.rnk of die State and tho Bank of Charleston
(and we question if half that sum is paid
io those notes) it wiH leave two hundred
.thousand to be paid in the notes of the interior
Banks. Now, what will be the effect
of the withdw*0nt once, from these Banks,
of thisenorrtimi^^mount of specie ? The ne^cs^aril^rrffjtiUibln
and immediate result
wilt*" thif these Banks must, in the same
proportUft dbrtuil tkgjf?irculution, by rcfu.
^ng forHi^r HccoiftSfcions, <k enforcing
with an unsparing mKd, payment from
ihciir denigrs ; the firsfclaw of n:4*fPself.
compeHlicm, painful and
unpleasaaSa it must l>e, lo pursue this
'liowrse.^JBscd over such a large space
of country as the debtors of thu l&fcFQf.
Banks nr**, and divided as the loans Qjte, o?
rn-.>ng such a vast number of b?<fcvicu.ds.
chiefly planters and farmers,? p^fcrarc and
panic may be expected under such a cours>,
so far as tins State isconccrnud, whrch will
throw that orated by the removal of (ho
posit' s, jpecio circular end all, by Gen.
Jackson, fai into 'lie back ground.
If thed&iUe credifoado not demand apecie
for thfcir claims we can look upon its ^
demand by the State from rfi'ose Banks
which arc trying in these times ofemburrflssmen'
and pressure, to discharge {heir obligations
'o the public, in no other light than
a speculation on the distresses of her people. ^
We sincerely trust, however, that belter
counsels will prevail, and that the course we
have heard suggested, will fiot lie adopted;
and that tho Batik of die State will not require
from 'he oilier'Banks uny other payment
for lite notes which may be received
fojr TiJjte*t than such ns will amply satisfy
ftlie 'public creditors. This much it is, most
a96uredly, its duty to do, and more is not
renuiroiL We can see no ndeQUBtC fetwon.
?I ? * I
at this particular juncture, for the measure
proposed, and coming from the source it
<Un s, ut a time of such unprecedented -em- *
barr issm^nt, it cannot foil to meet the uni*
qualified condemnation pf a largo ^ajority
. of thaso who have a right to spetdl aodho bo'
heard on the subject.
Not only is (he w hole coqprn^rce of the
country oppressed and deranged,'fhd every
iwin connected wj h comfeorcial pprsuif?r
compelled o sTain every nt^ve, and flnke
sacrifices to n* el bis engagement* but the
pressure is feit hy the planter and the farmer,
jit consequence of the d-preciated prices of
he products of tiic soil. Is it ytfse/ Is it
just ? Do the circumstance^ of "dtflirSlato
require thai this additional slop,sb&uld be
taken to and to the dis'resses of a community
.already sufficiently harrussod ?.
We make these remarks not because ?e
have any particular sympathy for the fhmjtt*
(br.ii has b<*en said (hat they are HBfiftfe*"
and "souJ&m"?<of course /Arv aSftfuFfitd ;
but in preserving themsclveg irmay 'W^ghi^,
ne- essury far them to adtgrtflT
policy so severe ns even t^QFpautfol'wjB
corporation which has noitf^Tyfafcri^ a ^
\V> doubt not, huj if the plaitJhfcJ^lfbr
US W?- uriiryu |t IS, UC uvilllliriuij ?wp?ww|
inn interior brinks will be prepared for th?
result and meet ?he demand, but the people,
ihe .ultimate su/F*r? rs, will hold the advisors
and the actor* in this speculation to a strict
accoun', at ihe proper tribunal, for ihe (lis:ress
and embarrassment thus urvnecessafdy
forced Ujion ihem.
The following article which was on file
come weeks and excluded for want of room, we
copy from the Charleston Courier, where it
appealed as editorial. I/lho editor is serious.
he is entitled tp credit as to hit facts, though
not as to his theory of cither eeereiion or hysterics
being tha^prigin of the phenomena. It
is not true'-thShysteria, or any "anomalous
s ite ef the n4rvousrFyatein is very
treeuJf^tit ever does create, "or engendersuch
.phenomena./' The phenomena if they reaHy
r occurred admitf-ef. bu* ?no explanation, which *
- is, that eithdr the spiders, or the eggs from
' Vhwh. they canje, probably the latter, were*
some way. introdueecJjjjitn the eye.
Secretion Extraordinary.?We are informed,
on high medical authority not in thl way
of hoax,*i>ut in sober earnest, that there is an
individual, (whose sex we purposely*'leave
doubtful), in this city, whose eyes, for the last
eight weeks, have been, secreting or hatching
a generation of spiders. We learn that one
night, on a visit to some dwelling, in the country,
which was very much infested with spiders,
something which was taken, or fancied '
to b< a spider or a bug, was felt to strike
against one o1 the person's eyes, while lying
in bed, and brushed off with'the hand. The
next day, or shortly after, a spider's leg, or
perhaps several spider legs, were brushed out
of the eye, which the patient and the patient'#
friends, at first, tried to persuade themselves,
were only loose cyc-lashes; but the matter
? - ? ? ? ? J .1 t f Iia
was MiiJii bruicuj ui^ruuu uuu?iuvciayu^ujr ?uy
secretion or extraction of a whole spwp-jfrojn
itb parent orb of liquid black,
orb soon followed suit, and both
since continued to multiply the
and furdish subjects for the new
occular entomology. Wo learn tfrn^post^
the apidera, when extracted, are ve?ty6ttngf jr?
and so exceedingly delicate, tnat 4e 'tpoafc.
tender maniupulation, or handling, is requisite*
to prevent their being crushed?anoijuj. authority,
however," states that many gfclhego
long-legged children" of the eye, are; fflrverv
I tender infanta at the tirnn of their fcfrthw ft
f if also remarkable that they exhibit's very
'v-V j>. ^ * V ''
P
4
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