14 ^ ^
w v rT>.~.u?-1 * * '-j.
feet miracle if he was tchavc a crop of iherr
tipon such land.
And here I rr^ist beg leave to epologizi
for live high coloring of the foregoing str.c.
tarc.<. ft is certainly neither my wish not
intennon, more than my duty or interest
to give otf'Mce to the rospectable body o
?twn to whom 1 may be considered as op
plying* the foregoing observations but
cpfMider it in some decree necessary fo
mt 'purpose to rouse the feelings to a spiri
of inquiry and having done so, I ask tftj
*-VanTnJ observer to take-au impartial view
of the subject, and say whether these thing
f2afa 90 ? I may t>e told, lhat to spenk ihi
" '"truth* is in some cases a libel; if so, I stum
*' ' c^nficted ; however, if in speaking th?
1 inittf in the present instance, I provoke hi
"finVftftry which may in the result terminab
v"' fhibe advantage of lh? parties coneerne<
"f Kbiill consider myself a fortunate ra le
c^indeed, however uncourteous my remark
npty Hppehf1. As ir is a failing in bumai
^ ftatftrH ro* too frequ ntly misinterpret ou
fiends'best inientions, porticulwy wher
.i- ' *|$$>l^ahnoi bwtrtd^e fold of their fauh$
and .asm is more easy to se^ o'hgreMfeult
| - .-than onov owivf i*will take It* forgrawiec
^ ' tbfrt-the majority of Ihokeaders'of ;he fore
^^i^c&ervatio^.x-onsid^ them mor
. uSfflKfPr-* tn ibf;ir nepvhbo/s svstem <?
.-f nr ? p-pr - , ?
^naliagement tnnn to their own. I arr
^ ^o?rover, not without htfpos, that some fci
^ liberal minded, unprejudiced nvm, will qc
i. <1kn*>wledj??tat once '.hat the cap fits them
tidies, and from such' men I entertaian th
J :gr&tie$t hopes of improvement.
:qfes -j, (To be Continued )
- I'll?-lIU-LJ J-1L "- ?
? *1? \R w B R S ' GAZETTK.
Friday, M^UCII 20, rao.
-:,J* ?;?
4- he\v o omit the usual Price Current, (i
w&ni of loom. No change since l.ist wee
fixcept fl| Wclasses which ha3 _fall- n frot
jifrtO MM?
' ' ;The River has risen several feet withi
P I J* 4
v.ijtvfp days and is still rising.
" AVe last week referred to an alledged "per
Fonal difficulty" between two members <
Congress from South Carolina, and to th
statements cf the Columbia Carolinian ar.
? Charleston Courier in regard to it. The Con
^.rjer has since stated that the difficulty occurrc
.^etween Mr. Pickens and "a gentleman no\
wi Charleston, who would ill all probability
4 " ? ?
^Jkavetecn eleced Speaker pf the House c
' Representatives, had he not resigned his sea
;"'in;Congrcst." That gentleman, of course, i
dol. Eltnore; but the Courier adds that th
* difficulty originated frcru an entire minappre
^ Jiension, and has been accommodated. It i
' highly inaecorus to introduce the private quai
jels of gentlemen, in either public or privat
4ifp, into the newspapers; and we alluded t
, the fact that it had been done m this instanct
. . <ihty to refer to the very high compliment pai
. the peoplo of the state in the expression c
U 'd fears that a private quarrel between tw
*" ' of their supposed loaders was about to involv
: Ihem in a general ear pulling.
Messrs. Philemon Dickersorr, Wm. P
j Cooper, Daniel B. Ryall, and Joseph Ki!h
' from New Jersey, Here swoin and too
fheir seats in the IIouso of Representative
1 on the 16tK
f A Van Buren Convention which lately me
,v' in Pennsylvania, nominated Mr. Van Burci
' for President, and Col. R. M. Johusou, fo
Vice President.
* --New jersey election.?It will be scei
3 under the Congressional head that th
, ^ijouse of Representalives have finally dis
. posed of this ngitaling subject for the pre
? "?enif by admitting to seats the Admini.s'rn
tion claimants. The Commi;tc? on KIt
" tiorw hud through the influence of th
^chairman, first determined to make n<
port until they siiouid be able to repoi
"^hully on the merits of the case. Th
' " treasons for this course, n9 set forth by tlv
** " In fV\r\ ritmurlr
cnainriuu ui uiv luiniun.tu m m\. .v.*.....
KV
c; copied into our columns two weeks sine*
<< ought, il souned to us, to sa'isfy any impar
> tail mind that it was the proper course ?
The Hou^liowevertoyerruled the defter
, minution of, tha. cotriniiftce nnd requires
them to which set o
. .<$*didates had received the greatest ounrnc
{ oflawful votes; a thing wjiici the com
~?Miltce hhd inlormfd them fcpuid iT&t bi
donefortkwUh; but which they were cot
. kctiug the necessary evidence to do a
\ .early .ns practicable. The committee
^ l-w> mofA o r\j
?YH9WUWIt Uiva v \.ivaiuic C4?j
<-' Ggwi of ihe House, wore bound by in
,t; instructions, and undertook to conform t<
f* ?
* r.tfiem as nearly ns, in tho nature of tlx
'* , _ ?
.sC?sp, was possrb.e. Tliey felt tba
t- although thea t comply, in form, t<
i'tho direction of ute House, they- migh;no
alue to fact, for thVvtont of th<
Jawfulevideaih;, and ilwi?, like a party com
f peUe&to go to trial i^a tynirt of Jaw, whu
'-tleoie&^pC to procutB material witnesses
m'VhMwu must depfe^' Upon the evidence
< At band. According to this evidence, :Uie;
.^deducting ftom the number of votes receiver
jty ifra ^?n Buren candidates the whole
*; minuK'r of illegal votes proved tu- have beer
'Vjost ot iho election, they s*ill haj.a majority
tovcr their opponents. The committee
?.therefore, reported that the Van Buren can
dilates had received a majority of lawfu
: votes. Their decision was governed bj
"file evidence before them ; and being driver
y4^*?tbe ^ouse uea'nsl l^e'r judgment, to i
v^isicn they could be gorerncd by nc
V
inn O hhh?wwSBSfe
; -y:
1.1 other. It \yas alleged that the majority of J
the Van Buren candidates was owinir to
'; illegal votes, and duo diligence was u*i ig to
r j collect evidenceof this alleged fact. The
, j committee were waiting for this evidence
* | which they doomed npcessary to ennl.1
J j them to come to a proper decision
in the case. Without it their decision
r i
I j might be righteous or it might not. The
5' FIous^ however forh.ide their wai'ing for it. [
Puitv lerter writers from Washington?
? i
* j h ive be< n ungenerous enough.to hint pretty j
] i plainly''thai the precipitate action of the j
? ""j House in the case is to he escribed to on
i j npprclicnsion that the votes of tho New
j Jer^v members might be necessary to
r ! enable 4he Administration party to carry
s | the Sub.Treasury bill. But would men
i | opposed measure vote in members
f j f r the pu^5teS*of enrryingit through ?
B j jfte mitjprbjt^pjSlfe committed made a
^ ; Bteupy rc^#t, jhe porpont^pf which*we
I 1 haf^not fcpen suited. * * .*
*1, V -a ^ A- '
j *QON$HtE$?V,* * i-l
' 0?rresnpTidpn*> of tho C?Mr lestoo' C^urirt.
j#J WcglLiQgloji^Jltarckl.' m
' ' Tiie S"ritit(fndjqurae4*al a late hour, last
| 1 nigh'. The debate was conlnued with!
groat spirit. Nr. Preston and Mr. Clay both
declared that they had always bolit ved that
the object of this administration was to do.
: s'roy commerce, prostn tc credit, establish
i a metallic curr?*ncv. abobsk the banks, dec.
th?v had understood these measures to be
advocated by the organs of the udministra"
lion. Mr. k'ng, of Alabama and Mr.
Brown of N. C. disclaimed this policy, and
( declared that 'Jie Sena'ors had no warrant
,r 1 for impaling it to live administration.
~ 1 *? ? II - ...u ?
>? i Mr. b^nton atu :wr. /viicii, wjiu wnti
n i particularly alluded Jo by Mr. Clay, made
i no exp'ara i xi. Mr. Preston endeavored
to bring them out, as well ns his colleague,
n : Mr. Calhoun said, he would sutler no one
i to say for him, what his principles were on
j these subjects. Long experience had shown
hiin wlsst w.isthe character of these ins itu>!
j .ions. He m;.de no war upon the banks?
e j hut they were p railing hy self-slaught'T?
tl a train of mora! and political development
i. | was in progress which would lead to th< ir
^ complete overthrow. They carried within
v j them, the seeds of their own d^s'ruction.?
J Ho would never assent to .'he doctrines or
JI propositions of the Senator from 'Pennsyl'
! var.ia, (Mr. Buchanan) in regard to the
lt ! continuance of the banks and the recogni's
i tinu of them, bv the General Government
e j He diflhrred tetoraio. from the gentleman
- ' on this subject. He was opposed to his ; ro
is j position to amend tho Constitution with a
.. j view to regulate tho banks, because that
e would necessarily engraft them upon our i
0 Cors ,tution. After Mr. Calhoun had ex-{
, prised theso views, Mr. Clay, of Ky. ex-1
"j 1 claimed?"that is manly?that is candid? i
f j open." The inlima'ion on the part of Mr.
Utav aa l otaers, was Ma: inese rancm pru- ;
0 jecfs were forwurded by rmny who did not
e openly avow them.
Tne Senate tinally adopteJ, by a strong
, riiy, tlx* resolutions ?nd repot t against
" j the assumption of State Debts?so that mui' ?;
;er is
k
ASSUMPTION OF ST.ATE DEBTS.
MnrcK 5th, Mr. Grundy fini^ed his re.
' marks on the report of the select committee
, ; against th" assumption of the St.it? debts, j
' and was briefly replied to by Messrs. Tall-1
111 mnd^oand Crittenden. At the suggestion |
f ; of Mr. \Vebsl"r, the subject was passed over;
] informally, in order to afford Mr. Davis
* (then indisposed) time to make some re.
i marks in rrply^to Mr. ff ichuna i's speech.
e' March dfh. Mr. Ciittenden moved (o
- j strike out all the resolutions reported by the
; j committee an 1 substitute the following;
| ResotocrJ, That the debts of lite several
! State?, so fur as they arc known to the Sen^
| ate, have been contracted in the exercise
u i of trie undoubted right and constitutional
? j po\v?-r of said States respectively, and that
t ' ther? is no ground to warrant any doubt of
Q j ihe ability or disposition of those States to
(j fulfil their contracts.
L ! Resolved, That it would b> jus: and
s 1 proper to distribute the proceeds of the
sales of ihe public lands nmonjj the several
.. | State**, in fair nnd rateable proportions, and
that the condition of such of the S'ates as
j have contacted debts in such, at the pres
" i out moment of | re^suro and diffieul'y, as to
J* render such (listrrtiution especially exj e
if i Jit nv ao-1 importanf.
r ' Oa litis tTM^ian the vote stood.
! YEAS?MT?w,-rs. Bt4is<'Clav of Kentucky,
j Crttiendon, Davis, Dixon, Knijjh , Mrr/iek,'
a j Phejps, ftojter, iVen:is^Ru?jdP>, Smith, of
- j Intffima, 'Soutiiard Spence,' Tullinad^o,
s ; VVebaHyr, White-r^".
NAYS?Messrs/Allen, Anderson, Ben
' i too, Brown, Calhoun, Clay of Alabama,
' J Cu:hb<-it, Fulton, Grundy. Henderson, I lub
s I bard, King, Linn, Lumpkin, Mouton, IMndin5!
Ins, Norvdl, Pierce, Preston, {tynm*, RobmB
J sop, Sevier, Strtrngpj Sturgeon, Tuppnn,
' ; Wall, *W.iilia*ns, Wright?28.
The first resolution ofrthe Srleet Coin3
. iniiWe wqpjgpad, as follows;'
|i KeSo/re-d, That the nssump'ird), diB
greedy or imliri'^iy^Uy tkWfcneral Govern
i tnent, of the ddbj$ ttfcich have been, or maj
* | bei contracted! by th^Sui|Bs k>r locul otr
1 jects or StatG purpoSSE. yeulJT be unjust,
bi'b to the S'ates oncRo the People.
3 Mr. Prentiss moved' to strike out th"
words "directly or indirectlyin ordr 'h >i
it might be reduced to a simple proposition.
! Motion lost, 6 to 28.
- The resolution was the n adopted, Ay? s.
i; 50 ; Nays 1.
The second end third resolutions (se?>
i below) were then successively adopted,
( 29 to 3.
; Ti?e fourth resolution was then reaJ, as
! 1 follows :
j! 4. Resolved, That to set apart the pub(|
lie lands or the revenues arising therefrom,
; for the bofo.e mentioned purposes, would
k be equally unjust, inexpedient, uivJ uncott.
{ 1
. - ' .
Mr. Benson moved to ifhieiirt by striking
oui all after tho word "resolved,* and ins?
r ing: " * A
-That the* assumption &? such dob's,
either openly, by n direc^pprowiise to pay
tlirm. or disguised!)-, by gi*ift?j security for
tlieir [>?\ m**nt, or by creating? surplus revenue,
or by apply ing'thrnatrofwil funds to pay
ti.em, ivouid oea grass cnd flagrant violation
of the Constitution, and. wholly unwarranted
by the letter or s|$ri it4>f that instrumb"
- J*
WUr. Grundy consented" fo.jTbe amend.
m? n?, remarking that, as t)Ji! Senate bad
adopted three o! the resolutions reported by
t!ie com nut ten, it was far ihut the original
mov? r should have the opportuiuty of introducing
one of bis own^
Mr. Nurvell mov- d to ad 'a-fifih-resoTblion
(see Mow) wlrlS wa* adopted, Ave.s
22; Nays 7, Viz :? M^rs. CuIuoim, Hub.
^arcl, Pii rce, Soii^b, Indiana, Strange,
T^npan, \Vhi;<?7.
M# Prentiss then moved to further
amend the resolution, by inserting the following;
,
"Hut nalthibg confafried jn Ib-> foregoing
resolutions 'is to be undo'Stpod ns denying%or
qucsciopinjf tIn? right or power ol
Cuamr ss Co make an^cquol distribution <>'
tho [froclVds-of ike public lands among nil
the Slates, accord ng *o the t<-rms and conditions
of the dgi'd* of c?s*inii."
Lost by a tot> of 6 hj 2j.
So i!ih resolu tuns were agreed to, as
follows :
]. Resolved, That the assumption, directly,
or indirectly, by the Genpsal.Gov
crnment, of the debts which have been or
may fee coir meted by the S at^s for local
objects Ar S ate purposes. wrouM he unjust,
hotli to the S iiles and to the People.
2. Resolved. That such assump ion would
he highly inexpedi' nt, and dangerous to the
Union of the States.
3. Resolved, That suc|i assumption
would be wholly unauthorized by noti a violalion
of fie Constitution of the United States'
and utterly repugnant to all the objects and
jftirpos s for which the Federal Union was
finned.
4. Resolved, That the Assumption of
sudi debts, eitlii r op nlv, by a direct promise
to pay them, or disguis* ?Wy, by giving
sc unity for their pa * men', or by creating
surplus, r- v< nue, or l?y apply i(y{ the nation
;i| funds to pay them, would be ji gross and
flagrant violation of the Cons'itution, mid
wholly unwarranted by tho letter or spj^rit,
of that instrument.
5. Resolved, That while the Senate ol
of the United States is fully .iinpryjf'd wi ti
the importance and correctness of the
principles contained in the foregoing 'eso
lutioris, it is no! intended thereby to create
nny doubt of the constitutional riglrt or tfv
S ntes to contract debts, nor of their re.
sources, dispos don or ability to fulfil ''he
engagements w lech tli -y have contracted
for purposes of in em d improvement, as
I ttji.lt f.ii.^r?iil)ii.ptc within the r..ni?e ol
their reserved powers.
A resolution to adjourn Hi M ay was
move d on the O.h, but after soined scussion
was postponed for a week. ,
HOU^E OF REFUESENTATIV^S.
March 9lh.?Mr. Adams moved the Ibl!
lowing resolution :
I Iiesolced, Teat the Secretary of War he
directed to report te> tins House* the? natural,
political, and tnarial history of the blood,
hound, showing tl:c* peculiar fitness of I hit
class of warriors to be the j?ssoc>ato o< tf?<
gallant Army of the United States?sp'*ci
lying the nice? discrimination of his scent between
the blood of the* freeman nnd the
blood of the slave??between the blood ol
the armed *aui<>r and that of wennen sin !
,t._ ui i .?i' ii.ii , |.?.b
Cllliur< II uf >V*:? 'II iflk UIIJI'u <ji ?! ? '? n
vv!ii e, and colored m;in--bi,iwu,n ilie bloo
of s ?v g .v'Mjj'ioles and that of ill'* Anglo
Saxon pious Chri.sian. Also,a statement
o die number of bloodhounds, and of ?h?-i?
conduc ors, irnjior ed bv this Government
or by the authorities of Florida, from the
Island of Cub s and the cost of the importation.
Al-io, whether a further importation
of'the same heroic race into tho State ol
Maine to await tho contingency of a con
tested Northeastern boutidaiy question
? o iti'inpl i?c?J, or only to set an example tr:
bo followod hy our possible adversary ui tin4
event of a conflict. Wue h4,r m< asun s bavb4,en
taken to secure exclusively t? (,ur
selves the employment of tics auxiliary force
and whether he deems it CXp"Jien to ex.end
to the sai 1 bloodhounds and their uoshTit*,
? " " 1 . '1 ' I
tire benefits of ilur Pension Laws.
Tli s resolution hav ng bn-n rend, Mr.
Linn B ?yd called tbr the yeas an I nays ot
the qi:cstion ofcohsideranpn, Mr. Turnei
suggested to :Mt. Boyd to call for the yea?
and nays itm adoption of the resolution.
Mr. Boyd tyf&fig done so, Mr. Adams said,
if the question was ^joitig to be taken now
by yeas and nays, lie desired to say a few
words. It was then laid over.
The New Jersey Election.
Jlirch 10.
The following resolutions offered by Mr
Fjllmore, which had bittn beforf: the Hous
.for some daVfe were taken up, viz.
Whereas this House did, by a resolution
adopted on the 2?ih February. 1840. anions
other tlrn^s, d<ree*ihe Committee of Floe,
lions *tp report forthwith which five of tin
ten it)d|vidunls claiming seals from the 8 ate
of New Jer-ey received the grea est num.
hpp nf lawful votes from the w hole Staff* for
Representatives in the Gi>r?gT*^ss of h?* United
Stat s at the elect.on of 1*38 lit sai
State."
And who re.ris this House hn<J previously
referred evidence to that coinmi'tee tending
to show that the poll at South Am hoy. in
said State, at said election, was not hel.?
according to law, and nam- reus votes given
at said election were unlawful, because the
persons vo'ing had no legal right to vote,
and the parlies to said contest are now absent
fiorn (his city with the consent and
under ifn; authority of "said committee, tu.
king testimony in said case, for the purpose
of ascertaining who received the greatest
number of lawful votes ul said t-lec.ion in
said S;alc. Aud whereas certain doposi
lions allege*] to have gbcen taken by one I
of the parties to said conies', in pursuance I
of the directions of said committee, in a
sealed envelope, wer- ad 'ressed to lite SpeaIwr'of
this House, tendn.g to show, as is al
lege'!, that the polls at S ?uih Ambov were
not held according to law, and that unlawful
votes were taken at said poll. And
whereas said cammi t'-e, in acting on the
tsaid resolutions of this House, refused to
' cdnsi'er nrry portion of said evidence, hut
determined to report, and have reported,
sifnply t >e number * of vein's adjudg-cf to
have b?-en given to *!?e several claimants
by tin- Governor and Privy Council'ol New
J rsev. ioge:ner with those r-'urned by he
cle? ion officers of the townships oi Miltvilie,
,iu Cumberland county, and South Am boy,
in M.ddlesex county, to the cl?'rks of sa'd
eoun i'-s respectively," without inquiring
wJirth'T s ii I votes were /awful or not
Therefore resolved. T> at said r--port be
r'ecornm teJ o s *.d cmnm {'hp, witli the
instructions to inqurc and the report to this
House, with all convenient despatch, which
five of the ten claimants to the vacant scats
in this Hou^e from said Sato weived the
gfenio-, ndmher of law.ul votes at the last
f Congreseional election.in said Staie,
V Mr. Petnkin had.mov?'d 10 substi'ute the
I following.
*'17 appears by the report of the Commiltee
of Elections th at Puiiemon Di?*k? Tson,
Pet'-r D Vfoom, D 'niel B Ryall, William
R. Cooper, and Joseph Kille n'ceived the
greatest number of lawful votes cast in t ie
Slate of New Jersey, at the election holdcn
in that S ale for Repres iVatives in the 26th
1 'Congress.
Hesofred, Thai f'li.R-m- n l/fKerson,
, P.- ?r I). Vnttftn. 0 mid, B. R> .11, William
R. Cooper, and Joseph K li an? eni'led to
take ill irsruts in the Hots-' of R pieson.
ta ives as members of tlv 20 h Congress ;
and that the Speaker of the I louse, on heir
presenting themselves, qualify them as such;
provided hot nothing herein contained shall
, prevent tile investigation into said election
from being continued on the implication of
the five claimarts for sai l seats.1'
On this guhsiitu'e Mr. P triken having
moved tho previous question, it was earned,
113 to 94.
Mr. Monroe said. I have not read the J
report ot the eommit'eo ; I have .not heard
it read so as to unders and it. It has not
l been printed ; and I am called upon to vote,
w ten my name is called, on a question be,
fore this [louse, involvin a gr^ith r constitutional
principle h ?n has ever be *n known
to anv legislative body. I no.v solemnly
i protest against this proceeding | and I ask
Ko llnuco ?/? uvi>na? n?^ from eorrimit'iiii/
sireh nn outrage against my conscience and
. the rights of my constituents.
And the qu-s'iori being taken, the House
excused Mr. M. from vothig.
i Mr. Shinlv when ins name mis called in
| order on the roll, said he would not vote.?
i Mr. Adhmx, with lesseon'tnuacv, and more
f digri tv. sil'Mitlv declined answering.
Hnsuecessful ntlenip's were mado to
I compel both to vote. Pmuallv if was an
, iiounred that th?- subs't ute of Mr. Petrikin
was adopt.-d hv toe Pillow ngvo ps, viz :
YEAS?Messrs** Jn lno^ A l"n, [] igbj.
\nd rson, Athchin, Bankl^B >fty,|J* irrie.
Blnekwed," Bovd, Br wsfer, A. V". Brown
A. G. Brown. Burke, W. 0. Bu l* r. S. II
' :?utler, Bvnum, Carr, Carroll, C <s y, Ctiap?
nian.Cl tTor i, Coles, Connor, Craig, Crarv,
(*oss. Danni, T? omas Davee, John D ivis.
I- John VV. Divis. Dunn, Dog, Dromgoole,
1 Duncan, Karl, Eastman, E v, Ft ;e, Fish- r, |
, Floyd, Fortiance, Galbrath, Gerrv, Ham
. mond, Hand, John Hastings flawk ns. John
p Hill, ol North Caroli ?n, Hdlen, llolleI
man, Holmes, Hook. Howard, Hubnard,
J iineson, J.?s. Johnson, Cave John
I son, N. Jones, J. \V, J >nrs, Kein, Kemble,
Lea. I better* L ', Loiiard Lewis, Lowell,
I Luea , McCI.II an, McKav, Marchand,
. M -di.'l, Mill- r, Montgomery. S. \V. M >rr s'
N'Wh iid, Ptrisn,Parment r, Parris, Payn
, t<r, Pt-i.r.kin, P.cKens, I'r ruiss, Kirnsey
Reynolds, Rj?-|, Rives, Robinson, E. Ro
! -.-crs. J. Rogers,Samuels, Shaw, Sneparl,A.
; SiiiHh, J. Smith, T. Smith* S arkwcaiiier,Seenrod,
Sirong, Sumter* Saeariiigen,
. Sw eiiv,Tavlor, F. Thomas, P. F. Tno?n.-<s?
( J. Thompson, Turney, Wagoner, Watterson,
, Wo.lcr, VVu ki H. Wiiliiims, YVor.hinton?
111.
nays? M"Sim. A'forT, J. W. Alien,
A ml rows, B irnur li- II. B. ldb\Boud, Boils
l' B?o k*ay, \V. B Campbell, Carter, Chum.
Crittenden, CI rk, James Cooper, M. A.
Cooper, Corvv n, Crahb, Cranston, John
\V. Croekeit, Curtis, Gushing, EJwurd l)a
! vi< s, Garrett I >avis, D iwson, D--berry, Den
nis Dil'ei, EJvarJs, Evans, Everett. Fill.
. more, James G.nland. Rice Garland, Ga es*
Gen ry, Goggin, Goode, Graham. Grang r,
Graves, Green, Grinucll, aberslmm, Wiiliain,
S. H usinigs, Hawe's, Heiirv, Jem Hill,
oi Virginia, [1 ffmin, II in', J.tines-, Jeni
fer, Chaile-; Johnston, VV. Cost Johnson,
K< mpsh dl, Kmg, L iii-oin, MCarty, M ?rtin,
S. M tsoil, Mi cliell, Morgan, C. Morr
s, N sb t. Osborne, Pope. Profit* Randal',
Run iolpli, R ?rid n, R ivm r- Ridgway, Russ
il, S?l on,tall, Smionton, Slate, Truman
S iot'?, Siorr*, Siuar, Pad ifi-rro, Pilling I*
I 4 't% rw? ft I
1 i.j'S!, loin', I n,?|Hf| , | riiint)u:|f unter.
: woo--, P. J. VV?-ner# J. \V it , T. VV.
WL. W Hi mis, J. L. VVil i uns, C.
' H. WiljiamsS William,?02.
The r< solu ions -?3 amnded were titer,
adopted 111 o 81. and the vacant scats
given to tic* a ministration claimants.
The following remarks which we find
m the Journal of Commerce furnish h?
tnos' satisfactory account which we hive
seen of ground tak n by tho commitice in
Heir repor.
JSew Jersey Contested Election.?1 has
been already announced that the Committee
of the U. S. House of Representatives hav'
ing the New Jersey disputed election cas
in charge, have reported that the five Vm
Buren candidates 'received the greases
numb r of la vvul votes." But on examin
ing their report, it appears that by "lawful"
votes they only mean votes "taken at poll.helJ
in conformity with law." Accordingly
they have included in their calculation the
votes of MillviHc and South Amboy, which
, : v r
J- -*/*'- JtL.
. were not inclu>h*d in tlic statement upon
winch liie Governor and Council based
their decision. In short, the csHTimittfie have
r porta l only what is the prima 'ucie evide.accordingto
the returns of the local
officers of the several polls. Upon what
other basis, they ask, could a Report which
was required by the resolution to he made
' forthwith," be constructed ? "Manifes Iv
not upon lho partial, inconclusive, and incompc
ent <e^t m.>ny ilS to (ho legality' of
votes now in the possession ot the conuniltec.
The House cannot have contemplated
a report, involving an investigation ot the
ballot box*?, without allowing time or
opportunity fur that investigation to be
ihurough.
M The committee arc confirmed in this
construction, and the course consequent
lh??reon, by the consideration that any juug.
mem iooking beyond the face ol the polls,
wt.ich they might base upon the inconclusive
test,mo% in their possession, would be uns
iti:.factory to the House unjust to the parties,
and calculated to produce erroncoi-s
conclusions i ? relation to a mass of lacts
which appair to b > *erifi- d by the oaths o
voters, but which, eirwt'l ?cause of the extrajudicial
administration of the oaths, or
the want of due notice to-the opposite par- 1
ti*-s, have bePnf rejected as not sufficiently
proven. It is proper, however, to state thai,
'should nil ti,e *0'eS proved to be ill* gal by
cotnp' tent t< s i uonv, be d ducted from
hose who reia ived the gr< a'est numb r at j
1 ti>c pol's, which appear to have be:en he d n |
"confbrmry with law, the result woulJ not;
affect the r'L'h' ef any candidate to a sea ?"
F ont tue above facts it is obvious, tha:
the lleport of the Commit no amounts ou'y
o thts, that th<* polls held at Mi I villi? and
South Ainbov, vn re M held iti conform.tv
wi h law." Tee question, how many illegal
votes were taken III tnose places, or ttlsevvlii'ie,
the connn fee do not pretend to de.
Oidc. They mer< ly observe that the *? partial,
inconclusive, and incompetent testimony"
before them, does not prove so j,Teat a
number of votes to be illegal, as o defeat
the elecon of either of ih five V. Burm i
candidates. - More complete and more
competent evi l? nee might, or might not,
produce ad IF'ren' result.
Mil. CALlJuUiN'B SBEttCH.
In Senate, Wednesday. Feb. 5. 1"40?On
Mr. Grundy's report in relation to the
assumption of the debts of the States by
the Federal Government.
(Continued )
I trusf that I have now establish.
eel if) the entire satisfaction of the
Sen.ile, the truth of the great p i elide
which has b? en laid down?that every
inyia ase of protective duties is necessarily
followed, in-the present condition ol our
coan'ry, by an expansion of the currency,
which must continue to increase till the it.*
creased price of product ion, ea used by the
expulsion, shall be equal to the duty imoo.
s- d. ivtien a new t iriff will be requir- d. Assuming,
then, the principle as incontrovert
ible, it follows that be natural tendency of
no pro eelive system is 'o expand, in seeking
ooic-umplisli its object, nil it. tcrmio* '1tft
iff^ij^fosmn. It wouid be eu?y to
s niv, Irdlftkyvhat has already lieen stated,
mat ihisiendency in ist continue till the exports
siiaM be so reduced as to ho barely
' sufficient t?? mat the demands of tnq coun
try for the articles not included in the pro|
tec t ?n ; hs it must be obvious, so long as
I it icy exceed thu amour)', so long must specie
| continue to be imported, and the exchange
o be in our lavor, till in* prut* ciioi? is crow
down by the t'xpan-ion of the currency. t
T <e consummation, ih: reibr<',of die system.
must bo out ot two t ungs : explos on,
?.r Ily; reduction ot In* exports, so as not
o exceed the amount of tn? unprotected ur'iflt-s
; but either termination must prove
disastrous lo the system ; 'he former by a
sudden and violent overthrow, and the luit'-r
by lite impoverishment of customers and
raising u'? of rivals. as they ceased to be
customers. To have u just conception of
its operation in this par iculnr, it will b * necessary
iu bear in mind, that the Sou Ii and
.ho West are the great consumers of the
products of ihe North and K st; and that
the capuci v of ihe South to consume, de_
[)? nds on her gie.it agricultural staples almost
exclusively; and that their stiie and
consumption depend man lv on the foreign
mark't. What, then would be the efleel
of reducing Iter expor s to the point indica
~ ?l* 0* It 0k
fed, say to forty or fitly oiiiiiot.s oi dollars t
Most ceramly to diminish her rapacity to
consume the products of the North and East
m ?h?' sum propor ion, followed by a cor.
responding diminution ofthe revenue, and
the commerce and navigation of the coum.
try. Bui the evil would not end there, as
greut as it would he. It would have an cqu
.1 or greuter effect on the consumption
of the West. Teat gr a' and growing sec.
I on i-i t!?i? nrnvi.cioo oornotl of the Union.
? I ? r * .
Her wide and fertile region gives her an unlimited
capacity -to produ ? grain ai d s ock
of vrv docriplion ; and h?s", for iho most
p Ml, fi id their market in the staple S ates.
Cm off their expoits, and t eir market
would be destroyed ; and wita ir, tiie means
>1 tue West, to a great ox en!, for carrying
on trade wi ll the Northern and L mtum
Siat's. To the same cxi-nt, they and tee
sinple Sates would be compelled to produce
their own supplies, and wou'd thus, from
consumers, he converted into r.vals with the
oilier section. *
How much w is'-r for all would be the opj.osite
sy<,t in of low dut-es, w ith t!ie market
ifthe world opened to our gieat agricultural
sfaples J The effcc'S would be a vast inrease
of our exports, with a corresponding
increase of the capacity to consume on the
part of the Soutn and West, making lliem
-ieh and contented customers, instead of
mpovorisiied and discontend rivals of the
other section. I; is time that this subject
, iliould b?* regarded in its true light. The
protective system is neither more nor less
than u war on the exports. 1 again repeat,
if we cannot import, we cannot long export;
and just as wh c?t off or burden the imports,
to the same exient do we, in effect, cut off
and burden the exports. This/have long
seen, and shall now proceed to prove, bv
?
reference to tfie public documents, that my
assertion is sus'ained by facts. The table
of exports shows that during the seven ^
years irom 1624 to 1831, our domestic exs ^
pons remained nearly s:ationnry, notwilh- i
standing the great increase of our population
during that period. Your statute book will
show, that during the same period, the protective
system was irt i s groat vigor. The
first relaxation look place in December.
18*10, under the art of the 20th May. of
the same year, which made a great deduction
in the duties on coffee and tea. f shall
now turn to the table, and give the exports
of domestic articles fot tlioso years, beginning
with 1824:
Here Mr. C. read the following stale*
merit ;
In 1824 the domestic exports wero 50,649,500
1825 - " " 66,944,745
1*26 " > 53,055,110
1827 ? ? " 58,921,691
1828 ? *. ? 56,609,669
? 1829 " ? ? 55.700,193
1830 * ? ? 59.462,028
* If we take the average of the first three
and 'he last of the these years, #e shall find
the former is a million and a half greater
? .V i .. . i : i r_;iv_ _/s?
Minn me inner, Knowing mi ui-iuai imirng err,
iristoud of an increase, to that extent, in our
. * k<- *,
expors.
itli 1831, the reduction of duties com.
rnenccd on tlie articles mentioned ; and in
Decern be r, 1834J the first great reduction
took pi?ee uuier ilie compromise act. I
shall tir^to lite name table, beginning with
1831, sflW'read a statement of the exports
lor lire eight yean* under the approach to ^
the in e trade sy stem. It is but an npprnvh.
1 invite especial attention to the
tmfffd "-ise, after the great reduction ir. Decenib<
r. 1833. * . .*
In 1831 the dofll\^|tic exports were fil4177,057
1&12 14 * 44 44 63 137,470
1*33 44 44 44 70.317,698
1834 . 44 44 44 81 034.162 ' ^
1835 44 44 44 101.189,062 W
1830 44 44 44 1 06.916,680
1837 44 44 44 95,564 414
1838 44 44 44 96,033,621
How rapid the rise just ns the weighs ure
removed ! The increase, since the great
redueton in 1633. has neatly doubled the
average exports,romp; rod with the average
of the s'-ven tariff years preceding 1831,
mid viouid have quite doubled them, had
not the expanded and deranged condition of
the currency, mid the consequent embarrassment
of commerce, pr vented it.
But wf?at.will appear still more extraordinary
o 'I os? who have not reflected on the
operation of the protective system, is the
gr? a: increase ol tee exports of our domesio
rnanufac.urcrs, as the duties go off, fbllowing,
in hat resp'Ct, the same Jaw that
regulates the expor a of the pr at agp'ctiltuai
s'aples. It >s a precious fact, thui speaks
volumes, and which demands the serioti9
eon-i 'eration of the m niufacturing por:ion
<> ' t:o Union. 1 w< II remember the sunguiue
expectationspf lint Iriends of the syst'-ur,
of the great ipcre.iseof the exports ot*
(lorTitwiK* iiiiinufae urers which thev believed
would followtih jsnffol 1828* Wt4f, we
iio?v luve llie ri45|t of experience, under
that act, mid also tfivU r iliajt of a partial ap.
pioaeli 10 free trade, it id the result is ex.>
actly the reverse of tlie anticipations of he
friends and advocates of protection. So
lar from increasing, under the tariff of 1828,
tile exports of nimutiictured articles actual"
ly dnunished, wh ie they have rapidly increased
just us they have gone off.
Bui the tal>le of exports shall speak for
i self. During the four years under the tariff
of 28, went into operation, the exports
of domestic rnauuftc urc rs gradually declii
ried from $5,729,797. in the year '25, $5,548.334
in me venr '28. From thut time it ^
steadily dec 1 in'd, under the tariff of *28,
each succeeding year showing a falling off
compared with the preceding, till *33, decli
.i._ i >i... I i* as J an
! nmg, luruiignoiu uiu prnou, irom
320 in '29. to 85,059,633 in '32, and showing;
an aggregate lulling off*, during the whole
tariff* rcgrime of eight years,from '25 to'32,
of nearly $700,090. At this p. int, we enicrou
ihe reluxu ion of the system, nod
there has heen an onward move, wnh but
Utile vibration, throughout :h'? whole period,
till tli? present time. The last year we
! have is '33 when the exports exceeded nny
preceding year. Tney amounted to 88,
I 397.078, being an increase, during the nix
I cars o! ttie reduction of duties, ol $3,316,445.
against a falling off*, in the preceding
I eight years of protection, of $700,000?an
increase ol' 65 per cnt. in six years, and
this in the midst of all the embarrassment
of commerce, and expansion' nod derangement
of the currency, and, let me add whut
has been so much dreaded by the friends of
manufactures, the mighty increase of the
exports of our great agricultural staples, during
the same per od ; a clear proof that,
under the free trade sys' m, the one does
not interfere with the other. Let no fiiond
of manufacturers suppose that this interest
| mp result is accidental. It is the operation
j of fixed laws, steady, and immutable in their
course, as I shall hereafter show.
Now, sir, I feel myself, with these facts*
warranted iu asserting that if the deranged,
! state of the currency had not in erferred,
l ie great'manufacturing inlerest would have
gone 011 in a flourishing condi.ion during*
the whole period of the reduction under'the
cwn promis act, proving thereby, to the satisfaction
of all, the fall try of the protective
sys'em. Any supposed loss, from the re.
duction of duties, would have been much
moie tiian made up by tho increased ability
of the South and YVesi to consume, nod the
rap dily growing importance of the Cordgn
market.
Out I have not yt done with the system.
It has additional and heavy sins to answer
for. The tariff of *28 is tho source in which
has Originated ;hat very derangement of the
currency, which Has so greatly embarrassed,
at this time, the very interest it was intended
to protect, as well as nil oiher branches of
industry. Uoldasisihe assertion, 1 am
prepared to establish it to thao.her letter.
It lias already been proved that the great
expunsion of the currency in '29, 'SO, and
'31, was lite immediate effect of the tariff of