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46 - jsgg-*1". .J J. perfectly level projections of earth about t' feet wide, an 1 rising six or eight inch nhove the surface of the floor, and are b yards or more in length, for receiving t bricks to be dried ; and they should run a north and south direction, in order tl both sides of the pile may receive i:s d proportion of sun-shinfe, and they must about four feet apart to allow wheeling w a barrow between them. The boy that i ceives the bricks from the moulder, ho! them by the cuds of the turning-board a p'accsthomon a barrow constructed fort purpose, with a high raised stage of frurr work, that is levrl when the barrow is ru ning, and holds twenty bricks. It must r upon planks to prevent concussion to t 1 - U-.'-l.- tTo .arril'S thciU tO yei renocr one as, uc va...v. hick and lays them reguiariy upon it, len ing the turning boarJs under them un:il t row is nearly filled, and this allows time 1 the bricks to dry and become a lit lo ha on the surface, which they will do in half hour in fine weather. Another who is attendance at the hacks, takes them up a moves them to tlte next adjoining hack, pi viously covered with sand raked smoot' and ;n doing so,.places them on their edg by inclining the turning-board with o hand nnd, applying the other to i brick, while he slides away the boards be returned in the empty barrow to t moulder. The soft bricks are thus dispos i.? an angular manner like a worm fenc but in no case more than two inches asuud in the widest part, anJ not touching ai whore. The row or hack being finisht the bricks arc sanded on their tops, and ;f t hark is long, the bricks at the end first p down will he dry enough to permit a sreo tier to be laid upon them, and so until eir tiers or layers afo so disposed, which is t greatest number that can bo placed witlx danger of crushing or spoiling the shape the lower br.cks, and this number shot no: be attempted unless the hacks are lor and the weather fine and dry. Tneobp ol placing the bri ks in this oprn rnnnn - * i i i >s to permit the air to D.ow mrougn ?nu u them as effectually as possible, but th n?usi not dry too rapid.y, ns that will cau them to crack. Should the sun bo t* powerful, the hack will require slielb which is obtained by constructing a numb of light frames of a kind of basic, t work twigs and straw interwoven. They arcs feet long, as high as the hacks, and ma< as hght as possible. The straw hurdles a so useful, no brick maker should bcwitho * them ; they afford shelter against both s*j rain, and frost, (which are the greatest cn inirs of the brickmaker in this singe of il business.) or they are set up in angular p sitions to catch and direct the wind into ti hacks, if the b: icks dry too slowly. Shou violent rains come on which might destn ail the work, the top of the hacks must I thatched, by placing long wheat or r straw transversely across their tops, k<-e ing ii from blowing away by planks la htftgtjjwtse on them. The hacksare ra:s above the natural soil, for ti e purp-se - . r keeping the lo^cr tier of bricks out or n wef, slioui J raio oecur. In about a week the bricks will be sufl cientfy dry for turning, which is done I moving them from tl?o hack on which th* were first dried,JtoJt he n'Jjacrnt one hftem; ty fo receive them. They are now dispos u$ before ypon their edge.', but are pi para lieftto.es ch other, about one inch ap ti NuUjhosidd, that was before downwards turned- upwards. In the second ti r < course; each brick is placed over the opt i ?ng between the two below, end so of i courses that succeed un:il the e.ght tiers a again completed. lit this manner they s; expose considerable surface to t'ie a.r, ai as the bricks have now become toleiab dry, ?nd do not require sun, the last dryii hacks arc somet.mes covered for their w he extent Willi a slight thatched roof to prote vlaefTi from rain ; or if the kiln is not read mfo a bnildii tn**y ar? tuiiiviitiinii i?>.. vv. .. tor safely. 'Hie hacks sometimes requi turning three or four times before the bncl are sufficiently dry fur the kiln, and tl drying usually takes from three to ft weeks, depending on the state of the weal he Bricks arc always ma le by piece wo n'-ur London, where a skilful moulder, ha tag alt things in good order around him, w tnuuld and haeK from five to seven thousar in a day of fourteen hours work, or ubo five hundred per hour; but to accompli: this he w.ll require six hands to wait on hir nit of winch are children. They supp hitn with the tempered clay and sand, at water to dip his touL into, remove the oriel as fust as they a?e moulded, and return tl turning boards. When small quantities of bricks ore t quired in a country where they cannot 1 obtained, or for particular jobs, the clay m; be tempered and mixed by placing it on hard bottom, and working it by a shovel < spade with water, and trampling it in t! manner already described for pudding i stead uf waiting for a frost to break it dovv Jn tin's case more water must be added tht is fit for tempering brick earth, but it ct be got rid of afterwards by draining itawa or exposing the earlh !o dry ; when ti moulding and drying must be conducted ; above described, but on a smaller scale. In the vicinity of London, where the d mand for bricks is enormously great, tl large brick makers adopt a different metht to that above described for tempering at preparing their clay, but there is no vari. tiow in the manner of moulding and dryii upon tiie bucks. The clay is dug in autun and frosted as usual; but instead of heir piled in ridges or small heaps, the whole wheeled into one immense pile, as froit.i the iuterior is of less importance when m chinery is used. At the breaking up of (I frost lite clay is carried in navigators' ba rows toa mill cuiled a pug-mill, whore it worked by horse power, and incorporab with the necessary quantity of sand, chal or other material, and water, which is off pumped up and delivered into the mill, I tiie same power, :n sucii quantity as will r duet; lira whole earth to so thin a state th it is just capable of running from anopenii made ih the bottom of (he mill for its di ( Uurge. it is received upon a wire sieve ivo | strainer, that stops all stones or foreign init's i gradients, if their size would prove prejudifty cial to the bricks about to be made. Two he capacious ponds or reservoirs, about three in or four feet deep, are formed for receiving tat tins diluted car h, and they are so placed in uk J respect to iheiudl, that its pjoduce can be be discharged into either at pleasure, by means ith | of wooden shoots or spoo's. The pugged e- j stuff is conducted into one reservoir until it Ids ! is quite filled, when it is lurued into the oth- r; nd an I wh le :li?* second is filling, the earthy lie matter subsides in the firs', leaving nothing in but clear water ai ihe s irlace, and this carein fully drawn ofTby w.thdrawiug peg*, that un are placed very close, one below the other, lie fi\?ni holes in a thick plank let in o the upp r a part of the reservoir. In ih s way he waiv. i ter is drained off and runs to waS'ej leaving he I a finely divided and most equable mud in or I the reservoir, which becomes of such conrd ! sistence by draining, that it can be taken up an j by shovels, pir into barrows, and bo taken in I away. , The discharge of the mill is tlun nd again turned in o the first reservoir, which re- fills, w'lil" a similar draining and removal of i ; the contents of the second is taken place. ;es j In this manner the clay is more rninu'tdy d ne j vi led -nd broken up, or tempered, than b j could possibly be dono by ihe former proto | cess of hand labor, and in J;s S()ft slat<? when he first moved, is in excellent condition for re. I'd reiving finely sifted breeze, or any thing re, else that may be necessary for improving I?t i the quality or color of the brick. After this, ay ! all that is necessary for rendering the earth 'd. fir for the moulder, is a few days exposure he to tho nir. 'o make it sufficiently dry for his nit j use ; anil ilion the process proceeds exaoily | n?l j as before described, unless indeed a patent ;bi moulding machine should bo employed, in- I he stead of a band moulder, forming tie bricks. >tit and then the compos' is delivt red to tb m i- J of chine, of which there are several varieties, lid said to produce more compact bricks than )g, band moulding, because greuer pressure is cl exerted to compress the clay into tie* mould **r? than can be exerted by a man working the j try j wbolo day through, cv (To be continued.) se | voj on surerannuting a b.my officers, -r, j ? i't official report of From the Secretary of War, in compliance ;ix with, a resolution of the. Senate, on the Je subject of prrm:tting officers of the Army r- to retire on half pay. ut IN SENA TB?January 8, 1840. n, ? e- War Department, Januaj-y 7, 1840. he Sik : In reply to the rosolu ton of the o- Senate of ttie 27th ultimo, asking, first, ie "What would be the effect upon the militaId ry service of the country of a regulation by >y which all officers of iho Army, on arriving he at sixty years of age, should be permitted to ye retire from the service upon half pay p. and, second, "What would lie the probable id annual charge upon the Treasury by such ed a regulation," I have the honor to submit of the accompanying report by the Command, he j ing General, and venture to hope that the j importance of the subject will be deemed n i a .sufficient nnoiogv for bis presenting at th> I w >y same time a plan calculated 'o provide for y j disabled officers and to render the service p- more efficient. d Very respectfully, your most obedient ut servant, t, J. R. POINSETT. is Hon. R. M. Johnson, President or the >r Senate. ill [Iead Quarters of tiie Army. re Washington City Jan. 4, 1840 ill Sir : In conformity with your directions id I have considered the two queries contain. Jy ed in die resoiu.ion of the Snate of the ig 27ih of December, 1839, viz. 1st. "Whin ile would be the efTect upon the military ser Ct v.ce of the counry of a regulation by which y, all officers of the Armv, on arriving ut sixty ig years of age, should be permitted to retire re ! from service on half pay ?" 2d. 44VVfiat ks would be the probable annual charge upon lie the Treasury of such a regulation?" And ve I have the honor to report that, upon an r. examination of the probaolo ag? s of the rk officers, there does not app- ar to be in the v. whole Army more than eight who have ill arrived at the ago of sixty, and few, if any id of them, would bo willing to retire on half ut pay, because the pay would be too small - riv _ >1) to afford them a decent subsist nee. me n, highest half poy would not probably exceed ly thirty-seven and a half dollars a month, and id the lowest twenty-five ; but let it be suppoks sed that four, or one half-pay list, say two ie colonels and two lieutenant colonels, the expense a year for the two colonels would e-1 be, at $37 50 a month each, $900 00 !>e j For the two lieutenant colonels, iy I at $30 u month each, 7*20 00 u j - arl Total expense a year $1,620 00 ie Of the otHcers above sixty years of n?*e, n- there are many of them hearty, hale and ef. n. lective men, capable of rend* ri. g good s?-r- I in vice, and now actively and usefully employin cd. v, As it is presumed that the object of th" ie resolution is to allow officers who may as conceive themselves unfit for the active duties of the pro'es^ion to retire, and make o. room for others more efficient in physical ie I power, and at the same time to provide for -L a -L- ? iioufe nf :iOTi? flij jU SUCH Ullti'LTS auovir J>.um -b- ? id mav be willing to retire*, I would r?specta lully beg leave to suggest a plan of a more igi extended nature, and on a more liberal in ' scale of compensation, free from any exig ! pense or burden the Governm-nt, which, is! besides having the advantage of economy lg j would render the corps of officers quite ( a-1 effective, and consequently improve gr<a ly he the condition of the whole service, r. My plan is this : Let every officer who, is from age, wounds, or other infirmities, shall cd become unfit to perform the duties of his Ik, office, be retired from service on his ordi an nary pay, without rations, or other allowan. by ces whatever; and let the officer next in the c- line of promotion fill the place of such mt retired officer, with the emoluments beiig longing to that rank, and the pay of the is- I commission from w hich he may be promoorited. So that, if a colonel be retired, the X' XX X*/ 1'X -? ?< _ ?????? > \ lieutenant colonel, who, according to the established rules of promotion, should receive the vacant colonelcy, would bt* colonel with the pay of lieutenant colonel, and the emolument of a full colonel.? Tnis promotion would vacate the lieutenant colonelcy, which, in like manner, would he filled by promotion of the major, who wou'd enjoy the rank of li* u enant colonel, w t? the pay of major and the emolument of lieutenant colonel; so woul I tie* eldest captain, and the rank, command, arid emoluments ofliutenant c Intel | so would the eldest captain be m ?j'>rt vvirh the pay uf captain, and die rank, cortunand, .-md etno!. umens of major; so with the eld-st rt. s* lieu cnari j wiio would he ciptum, with 'he pay oI first lieuten m , and tii<? emoluments of fap'ain ; and so down to tiie foo of the raiment, where ttiero woal I be ? v icanry, whicn could bo suppled by 'he brevet second lieutenant, or ?rad.nteof the M lif irv Academy, or new appointment, according to eircumstanees. Now the i of t'lis plan will be seen bv exhibiting the cosi of a regiment as it exists, an i the cost of a regiment with a Mired colonel on ordinary pay, and it will be se n that there will he an actual saving in money, with the advantage that all the officers would b" effective. If the retired colonel shall have served forty years, he will leave eight rations a day to ;he Public, which eight rations are worth, at twenty Cents each, (die regulated price.) $1 60 a day, or $584 a year, and the additional expense of placing a second lieutenant a the foot of the regiment will he #3')0 a year, making an actual saving of $284 a year. (See tahie herewith, made out by the paym .stor-general, marked A.*) Now f the w bole of the officers of the Army, supposed o he uon-efF-otive, wr? reired on the same priucipl , h re would be som thing like twen v officers?elevn "t tin* artilh ry, an ! nine in the infin rv. Tin? ? x ra rations rcccved by these oflloirs lor every five yours*service, are estimit'd to amount to sixty f?ur rations ; d?v Tor h ar llltrrv, ami filly for the infmtrv ; n: 'king 114 rations a day saved, or 41.610 minis a ye tr. at twenty ecu's, amouu'in j 'o t'te j sum of $3 322 Now, to supply Ir? wen. ty vacant second lieutenancies, occasion"d by th" retirement of the twenty offic TS will cost, at $306 each. 80 000 a year; which sum, deducted front $3,322, leaves cl< ar saving of $2,322 a year. By the present system, nil officers receive full pay ami emoluments, whet'??T ihey are cap ibleuf s-rvi-o or not, and t ie effective offic rs are obliged to do the dm\ of :he notKelfective, without any advantage; but, by the above plan, the non-effective officer Will have a reasonable allowance made him on Ij- ing retired, and the officer who will be obi god to do his duty will re cetve advanced rank with additional emoluments : so thn?. if the nronosed plan he ... , ? I I adopted, it may bo expected tli tt all parti ;s interested would be satisfied. I have the honor to lie, sir, with great respect, your obedient servant, ALEX. MACOMB, Major General, (Commanding >n Chief. lion. J. II. Poinsett, Secretary at War. Tiuso tablos we omit.?Ed. Ciii. THE EIGHTH OF JANUARY. The reception Of G'*n. Jackson on the Sth, was siteli .is must have boon extrerq ly grat ljing to the aged and war-worn veteran. lie was escorted to the city down the river by a convoy of four steamboats, laden with pissengers and soldiers, with cannon firing ?nd < oh.rs streaming. At the Levee, a crowd of several thousand spectators hul'd the gallant Chief on I Hiding The waving oflm's, and a chorus of enthusiastic cheers, announced his touch -I - -? . . ing IH?J snore, wnicn twen y-nv-- years ago his valor ii id defended. A profession was ilien formed, consisting of a mdt arv escort and the citizens, and ilto General was conducted tn mi open carriage nlong the Levcc and ('anal Street, amid a sea of human heads, to (he State House. From thence the procession moved through Canal and Char r?*s streets to the Place d*Arines and the Cathedral. The city ha t dions turned out in Inrg" nutnhers, and madfe cer. tainly a magnificent display. Hut all die pride, pomp and circumstance of war was forgotten and ov< Hooked, in the cage de. sire to gaze on the "old G neral." Truly, he was a spectacle worthy the veeerat on of the people, who owe so much to his military achievements. His head was white, as if the snow of a hundred winters had fallen upon it ; and the pa'id and wan aspect of his features indica'ed the near approach of the aged [Iero to "that bourne wh'-ti'-e no traveller returns." In passing along the turong, we noticed the General Irequently reurnmg the salute of spectators, and the waive of white handkerchiefs hy "ladies fair," never failed 10 un?et \vi It n polite response from the g dlan: veteran. From the PI ice d:Arni< s the process on mov *d into the Cathedral where an eloquent and appropriate tiddross was delivered by Judge Watts. We uude stand the remarks of th- orator wer listened to with great satisfaction by the G-neral, who " "nifiud hr??v mnrh h fidt the linnnN dune .. - - ? him in a brief reply. It was the intentio.. to march the old Hero to the scene of his exploits?the battle ground? the pta'n ot Chalmettes?but the fatigue of (he t}>> y was too much even for the iron frame of 01 Hickory, enfeebled as it had been by sickness, and broken by I be hardships ol War For th;s reason thejspeetacle closed at the Cathedral, and from thence General Jack son was conducted to the splendid apartments prepared lor him at the French Exchange. The pageant, onthejwhole, was well got up, and handsomely conducted.? The Victor of New Orl-ans has reason to be pleased wi li the cordiality and enthusi asm of his welcome. While the citizens o of New Orleans enjoy the satisfaction of having paid marks of honor and venera ion to their champion and hero, who has come on his last visit tog ize for the last time on the scene of his GLORY. JScw Orleans Bulletin. APPOINTMENTS OF THE PREACHERS OF THE Jl. E. CHURCH. Charleston District,?Henry Biss, P. E. Charleston. N. Talv, II. A. C* VV ilk-r, Wlniefoord Srn tli, ? W. Capers. E ii:or of thti Soutnern CI ristian Advocate. B ack ' Swamp, R J. Bo.d, W. L. Prgues.? ' VValt -rhoro.' Theophdus Ujuggitts. Bar .. well, H. II. Duruut, Aij?rw J. Greer..? < Jr ng buig. Allen MJfTrquodule, S imu I Dun wo iy. Cypress, W. J. Limehouse, J. R. Locke. Cooppr' River, George R. Pally Missions,?Beaufort, Thou.as E. Lenlbetter, Martin Ea ly. Pumtnligo. John N. D ivis. Cornbanee and Ashi-poo, J. R. Coburn. Wiiharn H illi lay. Poii Pon, Cm Wilson, Soutn S-in'ee. Mark Russ-'l. Nonh San en, VV. C FeireJI.? Cooper River, Abraham Net |.-s*. Cokesberry District.?VV. M Wighrnmn, P. E. Cokeshury Circii't, Joseph H. Wheeler, VV. P. Mouzon. E lg -field, D ivi i Dernek, S. VV. K"n.i.-rl>, P?*ndl on, J din Z m. merman. Gr-'anvdle. Da*id IHiard, Wil- I linmson Smjfti. Yorkv l!e, J. G. Posfe J. Union, J.imps C. Posiell, Titos. S. Daniel. Laurens, David VV. Seal. >le\vb?Trv, George VV. Moore, John Tarrant. A ken. Jo-1 VV. Townsend. Sulu-la mission, J. VV. VVelborn. Jam's S:ney, Agent for Cokeshnry Manual Labour School, and R uidolph Ma ' con C <11 ge. Columbia District,?Il.tr;well Spain, P. E. Columbia,?Charles B "ts, C lumbia circuit, B. Thomason. Winnsboro,' VV. C. - _ T tX7;n;nin t'a terson, w. ldiiht. uiiidKi' !, Bruckiruon, Lewis Little. Cam 'en, Sam u-'l Townseud. Smtee, C. A. Crowell, Z. VV. Barnes. Darlington, Samuel W. Cap -rs, L. O'Neal. Cites erfield, VV. S. Ilal'om. Missions?U?per Santee, S. D. Lai)"V. Bro uj River. Joseph Holmes.? Waferee, VV. J. Jaekson, Jar*ob Nipper. Korkv M . mission, K. L. K tig. Wilmington District,?B. English, P. E. Wilmington, VV. A Gamewe||. Brunswick, Simpson Jones. Joseph P Kerton.? Blad'-n. A Doyle. II. E. Ogburn. Fay. etievillo, Samuel Leard. Rockingham, VV . Harrison, William McSwam. Cheraw, W. C. Kirkland. Pee Dee, J. R. Picket, A. M. Ch ietzberg. Black River, Charles S Wa ker, Michael Bobbins G?*o getown, A. M. Forst'T. Waecamaw, Lewis Scarborough, A. Richardson. Missions? Bla-'k River and Poo Dee, Marcus A. .YJ.-K'bben. Waeeamaw Neck, J. A Minich, James L. Bolin, Snupi', Paul A. M. Williams. Lincolnton District.?William Crook, P. E. Lincolnldn, D. G; McDaniel, VV. C. Clarke. D"ep R:ver, J. M. Bradley, M. P. Myers. Montgomery, W.iliatn M. Kerr, A. Huekahoe Wades bo o,' Ira L. Potter. Centre, A. VV. Walker. Ch irlott**, A. B. McG Ivary, Charlotte circuit. P G Bowman, Campbell Smi h. Ruiheiford, J. B. Alimony. Kings Mom-tain, Benj. Hamilton. Morganton?Colin Murcliison. " ? * 1 O A JamMs U. Unanoier. opartnnourg, o. nrm>trong, C. M'Cloud. Missions?Ruck Fish, J. A. McMackm. James E. Evans, transferred to the Georgia Conference. ku-isla. According to die official account of the bir. Us and deaths in Mi - Russian empire i> appe ars tnal in the course of last year, a great many persons died who had utlained a remarkuhly high age. Toe number ol births was 2.333 902 Oea;lis 1,563,733 Evcess of hirtlis 77l),259 M.?rriag-s 492,424 Among the deaths there were of persons From 100 to 105 years, 858 Fiom 110 to 115 years, 125 From 116 o 120 years, 130 From 120 to 130 years, 3 From to 145 years, 1 From 150 to 156y?.ar9, 3 Of 160 years, 1 Of 166 years, 1 Tilt* provinces on both sid-'S the Cauea. sus, C.tusasia, and Transeausia, are not nic'u fed. According to Mm report of the Finance D -pariirmnt, Mm population of the Russian Empire in 1336 was sixty millirtri? Sad Condition of British India.? 500,000 people swept off. British India is an ?mpirc as large us Europe, exclusive of Russia, witli a population including iribu ary States, of more ihnn 150,000,000. Over tnis empire and people a away is exercised wholly 0 itis i ; while ii is affirm* d that ignorance, poverty, crime and d ss lisfactiol) pit'vail there, to a distressing and alarming extent. It tins been estimated the famine of 1837 and 1833, in the Upper Provinces, of Bengal. swept off mce than 500,000 people. Toe famines of 1339, visited the Northern Provinces of Bomnny and Ma irns The Asia i'* Journal for Augusta, 1838, states thai'"200,000 were scantily fed daily ny Government and private individuals in tne north west provinces; vet this is a faint palliative. The people arc dying like do^s ?mothers throwing tn?ir*livmg children at ? J- a : | ui ?h into lin* Jumna-?disease ?e.s r? \ih? numbers Whom famine has spared Jugs and Jack ds ac utlly devouring bodies in which Ii?e has not extinct*" At Gwalior "bydrophobi.i was as fa al as cholera?famine dreadful?horses, asses, buffalo* sf every thing that had died a natural death, eaten hy tne natives." A? Agra "the police pick up 150 bodies daily." On the 14 h of April, 1833, 78.000 pining wretches, men women and children, were led by the bounty at Agra : and between ihe 1st and 15lh of March, 71.523 ntirm and sightless creatures were r liev euf in a similar manner. So great were ;he ravages ef death, that the air for miles was taiuted with the effluva from the putrilying carcases of men and cattle, and tne rivers of the Jsmna and Ganges were choukcd up and poisoned by the dead, bodies t.?rown into .heir Channels. Th" i water and fish of these rivers were rejected j as unfit 'or use, and nvn k<pf constan Iy fj emp'oyed in pushing the accurnuluh d i)o a di< s down the torrents. The mortality was (I i?t the rat" often thousand a month ; a Je e struetion of life which, if it had continued, a would have swpt off the entire population ii in less 'han a year. u tl From the N. y. Journal of Commerce. i The Aini8lead Africans.?Judg- Judson, ? on MoinJay pronounced his d< cis on in t .c o c -se of those negroes. He d-*cl.ir s li-m v free, with the exception of Amoino and r decides tfiat, by vir ue of existing laws il??*y n oiiifht to tre eommi ted 10 tno car-of the 3 (Jailed States government, for the purpose O' being restored to the land from win- h <1 t ,ey were stolen. Th s decision we uii? r derstand wili not probably he appealed f om. ? Ten days however, were allowed for an ? ..ppeal to be taken, if desired by any of the ! parlies interested; oiiierwisea decree will be issued on the 23 I i'lst. in conformity to ' the decision h"re given. For the sake of those persons v?h.o havo no leisure to read I the entire Opinion, we will s ate the priuci- i pa! points, which arc as follows. I 1. That th" District Court for Connec i- ' eut has jurisdiction the schooner having j been taken possess on of, in a legal sense, 1 on the "high seas " ' 2. Tnat the libel of Thomas R. Gedn'-y i a.id others is properly filed in the Distric. ' Coun of Connecticut. ' 1 3. That he se'2- rs are entitled to salvage, i and an appraisement will be ordere and I t one third of ihat amount and cost will be < decreed, just and reasonable. I 4. That Green and Fordham, of Sag l .i.irbor, wiio claim to have taken original < possession of vessel and cargo, cannot sus- l nin their claim and therefore their libels be i dismissed. } 5. That Ruiz an ! Montcz through th t | Spanish Minster, Inve est iblished no titl?? 1 to tli?' Afrcuns, ns they are und uhtedly ? i Rozd n groes or negro 's recently im(>or- ' ed from Airica, in violation of the iuws o ? Spain. 1 6. That the demand of restoration, to ? have the question trieJ in Cuba, ma ie by 1 the Spanish Minister, cannot bo complied s with as by th- ir own laws it is certain t.iey 1 cannot enslave these Africans and therefore t cannot prop' rly demand tle-m for trial. 7. That Antoine, being a Creole, and le. [ ga'ly a slave, an I expressing a strong wish I to ho returned to II ivana, a restora ion will he decreed und r the treaty of 17(J5. ' T tat th-so Africans b d -hVcrcd to * the President of the United States, uud? r ' I the 2d sec. of th?? Act of March 3. IS39, ( j and the 1st sec. of the law of 181H, stjil in J I force, to bo transported to Africa, there to 1 be delivered to tho agent appointed to re. 1 ceive and conduct them home. ' t ? * Court of Equity.?A ease of the highest 2 interest is now pending before Chancellor f J. Johnson, in theCourt of Equity, for this { District, now silting n this City. It is known 1 among the profession, us the case of PeV 1 and Ball, a suit instituted between the rep- ' resentatives of the lute II. S. Ball and Lady, of this City, two of the unfortunate vie- 1 tims m the explosion and wreck of ilio s eam ( packet Pulaxkiy in order to settle the ques- ' lion of survivorship between the husband 1 and wife, vvho shared nn eve n grave on I tnat ttppuliue occ asion. All the harrowing ? " * l|f 1 ' * - I 4 incidents ol tbe iJreaiitui caias ropne nave b'*en of course diseloscd by the evidence, so ' far <9 they could be collec:ed from tlie sur viwi.nesses and suff *rers : nnd a ! eau liful model of die boat is placed before Ihe 1 Chancellor, 10 illustrate ihe evidence and the argument. The ablest counsel at our Oar are engaged in the cause, and a therm- 1 so studd"d with die materials of eloquence, ' will dnubdess call forih the high-sf efforts ol I f. rsensir power. The fl<>n. Ml'GH S Le., ' oarfi, commenced the argument jfc-ucrday. ' in behalf of ihe survivorship of ;hc wife, and ? unchanged the attention of bis au liehce. t until tbo adjournment of the Court, \viih a < speech of tarilling effect, and rarely equal ' led power, magnificence, and beauty. We < understand tlmt he will resume nnd con- ( elude his urgum?-ni to-day. Char. Cour. 1 Thursday, JanUaRy 18, 1^40. j Mr. Clay, of Kentucky, presented the 1 memorial of a committee of die \m -ricaii i Silk Society, praying the aid and patronage t of the Government in the printing and dis tributing ihe journal of said society. 1 lu presenting this nn morial, Mr. Cla\ 1 said while I am up I will remark that, in < - - ? my opinion, there is naraiy n prouucuuu m winch thiscoun'ry is engaged which is more 1 imporuut to b?? duly atien led to a! this time ' taan iliut of sdk. As an ?>iriiriuhtlr ?I pro- < duct i: is appropriate to all par s of the coun- | try. An I among the c u es winch have ' occasion'd the unexampled state ofdis ress I from which no portion of this wide country < is exempt, which has increased, is increus. | inland I wish to God I could S"eany hope t of its end?at leust among the foreign caus- I es of this remarkable state of distress, is ' unquestionably that of purchasing so mu h ' abroad. Sir, we must make more a' home and bring less from abroad if we would re* move the causes of distress } and this tv- ' mark is applicable to our own produCiions i in every form, of agriculture as w? ll as of 1 fabrication. And in rega d to silk its' If 1 look at the facts. For seven years pas the < annual amour.t of it brought into this coun- 1 1 i oi.iSnnnnn .....i I irv II"S <5? 1 ?,UU('tUUU U1III wuc ^<-"1 n rose to $20,000,000 ; and this $12,500 000 ! is for un article w hich, if any thing is tor the udornmen' and luxury of man, silk i that article 1 Sir, no country can long s'and for which ' the annual imports exceed the exports by 1 sum- $40 000,000 or $50,000,000. And i if I was not ahsolu ely powerless, if my 1 friends and myself had any power in the i direction of this Government, I would to- I morrow impose a duty equal to the maxi- < mum witch the compromise act udm ts, that < is, 20 per cent, on this import o! $12,500.- i ()00 m silk. I would lay this du:y on silk, ' and with a view in part, to prevent a dan gerous excess of revenue, I would distnb. ' re the annual proceeds of the sales of the .0 >ubl c lands to the State os their own proertv, 'o which they are already entitled ; nd let tins fund assisst them to liquidate lieir debts, and to fost?r those great inter* sis which are jus ly dear to them, so far s there is now -freedom from debt. I would npose this duty on silk and on other luxfri s, and if the lands are not necessary to fie support of this Government, I would disribuie the proceeds of the lands among the ?.ai?'s who are entitled to them. But we, it* at least I am no; in the condition to do rhat I have suggested, and therefore i canlot do o h'Tw se than to ask that this menorial he r- f rred *o the ComTftittee oo damifar* urcs and printed. ^ ^ "* Mr. Calhoun said : I rose to make no ipposi ion to the motion, but to make a few crnarks connected with those topics which ire now of chief importance and i hope that lot much more of this session will pass< i.-roro we shall go deeply into tiiat subject. _ r<ie C"Unfry is now at a point at winch las become of far more in'erest thaa ever. Sir, I differ in totafrom the Senator from t ritucky as to the causes of distress ; and, am not mistaken, they H? the very op. >oiife of what have been o&tgged. To. evive lite olf, the ti^j^^ndcondenied American system, ? u Ul IIJUUJI The iscribes to iho importation rum other causes. He looked upo^rMpW^V neasure that would, at this time, increase he credit of the S ates so as to enable them 0 s< II more bonds in foreign markets, as jositiv- !y injurious. We ship our creditr md bring in goods. I bold the very reverse )t what the Senator has indicated as the rue policy, anJ I hope for an early oppor* unity of pointing out that policy, and that ^ tt an earl) day we shall look deep into the subject. Mr. Clay. This is a li:tie unusual, to ngage in a discussion on this subject thus >< tore the time. Sir, have I proposed or iuggesteo a revival of the tariff further than lh compromise allows? Not in the slightest degree, I merely proposed a duty on 1 lk, as an article of luxury, ei tirely con* iistent with the compromise. Sir, what vas it thai I proposed 1 It was simply that he maximum duty of the compromise?That is, twenty per cent,?should be hnjose i on silk, which is in no way iacomjuiible with the compromise. , An i how can this injure the manufactures ofco:ton, shipbuilding, or any thing il.se, which are now nearly prostrated ? The vo Icti manufacture at the North is almost ru irely stopped, and that of iron itself is unong the most languishing. How can he duty on this luxury affect either thu nunuiac urea or agriculture oftl^ coun:ry \ It will benefit them ; for it will direct* y aid the nianufu-tu e of silk, and, if raw ?i!k is pio luced wi h success, it becomes a it obj ct for importation, and it may aid 'really m r moving that ruinous excess in he balance of trade, which will crush us all, juIoss ttie people can rise to And the State debts? Sir, I should liko o know by what right (lie subject of Statu ]< bis is >o frequently dragged into this Senate, and tne States are here chided nnd :ensur?'d as if un ler our supervision. Who jive* us jurisdiction over them ? By what tuthor ty have we the right to sny to Penn* tylvittiia, or Illinois, or any other S ate, you extravagant; \ou have got in o debt; ami we will leave you to get out a* you can.? Whence is this right? Who made it tho day of the Federal Government to give lec. yff Hires 10 the States on getting into this debt t But those debts have be -n contracted, and, us tho S nator from South Carolina says, one effect of it has been to enlarge our im? por s, becaus tho means arising from the S.aie bonds has been thrown into the chan. rod iff commerce. Bu' it will be no longer <o, for tiiat very means will now become in obstruction to commence. But thoso J bts exis% and, as men of honor and lions'v, those who owethein must pay them ; md 1 rus1 no man here will be so destituto if honor u;,d probity as to say they ought 101 to be p.id. Titey have been contrac?'d, and our Stales h.ive received the bene, it; and I believe that not a S ate of this Un. . ion will be so lost to honor and good faith is not to p iy such debts. The debts exist, md in ihe worst forms, b c ?use the foreign r is .tgn nst us. riot as a whole, but a9 dL vided into parts, as separate members of the Confederacy, on whom th'Te is foreign Job , and consequen 1> for- ign influence. And what is to be done ? The States have here proposed nothing, ineiiher branch, of Congress. But we know of the exist. fn eofihese debts, mid the distress which prevails in these different communities J and we know ilia taxation will be necessary.? , Some of i he States, right or wrong, havo contracted debts to an ex ent which the leopie camo* bear; and if we are not desliute of all those feelings which ought to belong to a parent Government, and which, in such, wo should cherish, we ought deeply to sympathize with all these sufferings. Well, and what suggestion did I make? Was it to assume these debts? No, sir; no, sir. But we are in possession of an important fund, which, of right, belongs to he States. The States have no power of KnuosKiu duties on tmporis for the Duroose jf lelicving themselves. And what was in> suggestion T The debts exist, and must be paid, principal and interest j and my 4 suggestion' was, that we should give up wii.it belongs to the States, or, at least, do wnut we can for them, by imposing duties on articles purely of luxury, and give tho States their own property, the proceeds of t e public lauds, which would of itself bo sufficient to pay the interest on a debt of $100,000,000, and 1 believe the wbole amount ot the Siate debts is not much more than $100,000,000. But.I havo been drawn into an exhibition of these views on an occasion which 1 had no! intended it. I merely meant to moke some suggestions appropriate on presenting a memorial. The ^uator front South Carolina thought fit to express, what is not at oil extraordinary.