Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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hit'cr extractive." Now, the qu?*tion arises, if the internal membrane of the nli. tr.rntnry canai, through which ihe nutritive portions of the food are absorbed, becoiw coated with this viscid sliiny mucus, is no! tire licakhful action of the absorbing glands impaired t I do hot entertain a doubt of i:?nnd if ao the health of the nnim d is consequently injured. Now, In addition to the instrumentality of the vegetable bitter fottnl in most gratscs, is it npt probable that the roughness of the hay or fodder itseif would in its progress through much of ;he nlimenlary canal, aid to remove this viscid slimy mucus, and by dis'eosion and certain excitement produce a healthy action in the villous membrane on which the 1 actuals era dis:rit?u'ed? I am at present * unshaken in such an opinion. 1 3m borne otit it, too, by all the f ?c s heretofore addin cod front the high authorities earned. If these conc!us:ons arc correct, then, when. . ever, the entire food of a cow is corn, let it t. ?.r..l ... litulu r.-,r f)c ever SO OOUM-IUJ, &IH7 K"> nut unvi j .v.. any great length of time together to exhibit evidences of improvement,and in the course of a long wincr would in at! probability be greatly impoverished. How important ii i*, then, for every farmer to lay in a due proporiton of "roughness" for hi* cows? evei)?*hock$, corn-stalks, &raw. and such cheap fodder as curmo: otherwise be profit ably used. K. So't'hvrn Cultivator, '* Sir Humphrey Davy has shown, by accurate chemical teats, that of fifteen varieties of the moat common grasses, an average of 4o out or 1000 parts consists of soluble or nutritive matter. Of this soluble matter, *n av??rage of little more than one tenth part was found to be extract. He also ascertained that this principle was wholly absent in nearly a!l nutritious grains and excellent roots, embracing wheats rye, oats, linseed, barley, parsnipt, carrois, cabbages, common turnips. &c. SILK CULTURE. silk' cfltcse ix connecticut. We extract the following paragraph from a communication furnished by Mr. Mason $ iaw of Augusta to the South Carolinian. Mr. Shaw was for several years engng. fi j ? ? . , _ ~ ?, | in the Silk Culture m cunurcucui, uuu j has for sonic time been engaged in h ' near Augusta, G;*. The counties of Windham, Tolland, and New London, in the Slitcof Connecticut, have tor many years been concerned in the cul ure ofsilk which was coTiwmc- d firs: in the town of Mansfi-.W, in the county of Windham, about the year 1760. I s progress, from that time to the present, has bean onward. Id that town, eon'aninj; about 1500 inhabitants, is made yearly, about one ton of silk, which is manufactured ; in their families, into sewing s Ik, twist votings, &c. &c., and the product amounts, annually, to about nineteen or twenty thousand dollars. They are at no expense for cocooneries : their barns, wood^houses, and garrets, answer their purpose, fitted up with temporary shelves of rough boards, which are removed and piled away for the next year, as soon us the worms have gone up and spun. The eggs are hatched the las! of May, so that the worms are out of the way before, they commence their hay-making. A town less in debt, is probably riot to he found in the United States ; and they a I. ways have the sure means of payment on hand, for uil their wants, and pay aceordiugly. The hum of domestic industry, on tlteir silk wheels, may be heard in every house. The value of their real estate is increased j *? rirr-Lsirds. in this ratio : x>y lilt'i IlllllMt. kl j Wl f 'i dingo land, seven years ago, was worth twenty dollars an acre, which set out in n mulberry orchard, twenty foci apait, and the trpes in good condition, ten years old would and did sell for eighty dollars an acre. One f irmer, in answer to my question, ofhow much silk he made yearly, said his average amount was about one hundred pounds of reeled sdfc, which he manufictur. <1 iri his family, and always sold it at the rate of nine to ten dollars a pound. H s farm contained about two hundred acres ofbnd. Jlis mulberry trees grow by the way side, and by tho wails dividing his fields, so that they did not diminish the in., romo of bislarm, in other wuys, equal to the expense of keeping one cow lor the year: and his silk produced more than nil the other income from bis farm. The leaves were gathered principally by women and children. From the National Silk Farmer. STANDING STATISTICS. Being" frequently applied to for informa% tion on al! r*f the following topics, wo have prepared the subjoined paragraphs for standing reference. A a many persons are engaged in the silk business, the experience of each tniy not te precisely similar ; but the particulars here stated are sufficiently near the general average to be depended on. Cocooneries?A building 43 by 21 feet, and one story high, with three rows of shelves three feet wide, and seven tiers one above tlie other, will feed 150,000 worms nt i!mp. From three to five such crop3 may be fed in a season: if fins be jkept up on cool days, five crops may be easily reared. A building of two stori s high will feed double the above quantity. Trees.-?-An acre of grouad will contain 14,520 trees, planted in rows three feet apart and one loot asunder in the rows, and if on medium good land, will yield one pound of .eaves fi oor each tree the first Season. Long experience proves thut 150 ibs. of leaves will yield one pound of reeled silk. Many have obtained a pound of reel, cd silk from 100 lbs, of leaves, nod some from only 50, 60, &c. But 150 Jbs, is anu pie allowance. E?G3, &c.?One ounce ofaggs will hatch ubouf 30,000 worm9 ; 2500 good cocoons, or 3000 of fa;r average quality, will yield u pound of reeled silk : 250 to 800 cocoons weigh a pound ; a bushel contains about 2500 to 3000 cocoons, according to quality -?hence s bushel of cocoons is equal (o a p^und of moled silk, some to a pound and t quarter. Cocoons are meosured by hea. am ^r? ping the bushel if the fioss r mains on them ; if taken ofF, the bushel is struck, or i even with its sides. A femalo moth will 1 lay from 400 to 500 eggs. < The mammoth while, pen-nut and sulphur worms, are all very good to feed. Every person has his preference. The colour oi the silk dues not alter its value, one corn manding us good a price as the other. The pierced cocoons, from which the moth has eaten ou an purchased hy those who purchase the perfect cocoons. A few hours' boding in soap suds renders them as soft and manageable as raw cotton. There is a cish market in Philadelphia 1 for all tho raw si k that can be produced ; tho supj ly is far short of the demand, and it commands a higher price than any of the foreign article. Mr. John VVilbank. No317 Market street, and Messrs. flaldoni & VVillinmsoh, comer of Ninth and Carpentei streets, purchase it, and pay according to the quality. A market for cocoons is already opened in various parts of the country, as will b-seen below ; and we know of many other points where a similar market will be open" -I '? 1 Oil I-.. nnif mmnhllf tlinf ITIilV Kf HI i1 'I <11 ijr y ?- produced. Tney uro now purchased or reeled on shanks by Ilaldorn &. Williamson, at their S.Ik F-ictory, corner of Ninth and Carpenier streets, Philadelphia, Joseph L??eds, No. 2 Franklin Place, do. The Burlington Silk Company. John A Puin?. Newark, N. J. F. D 'ining & Co.. and Cyrus Ford, M.i si'lon, Ohio. Wdliam IC. Stnith, Esn. Fredericksburg, Vd. I>r. G'orge Green, B< Ividere, N. J. Satnu d Whitmursh, Northampton, Massi Benjamin Acton, Salem, N. J. J. F. Cdlan, Washington, D. C. J. II. D. Lownes, Richmond, Va. PRICEE3 CURRF.NT IN PHILADBL PHIA. Cocoons throe to five dollars p?-r bushel; tlie demand exceeding the supply. Silk Worm Eggs, liree to ten dollars per ounce of clear eggs. American Reeled Silk, four dollars to five dollars and fify cents per pound. Brooks's Red for reefing and twist tig si&, thirty-five to forty dolfi.rs, Dennis's Re<!, about thirty dollars. Gay's complete S Ik Machinery, 400 dollars. Cheney's Reel, s'x dollars. r* - __ f. i: _ r? ...I itc J l r.tffjmotlicse or nuiiiiu iveei, iiuccii uujlars. Queen Victoria lately made a formal announcement of h<*r intention to marry her cousin, IVnce Albert of Saxe Cobur^. Germany. In reference to the offi -inl relations of the queens husband the Baltimore \m<r:ran says: 44 Tiie marr.age of Prince Albert with tl,? Queen cf Rowland will confer upon him no official power whatever. 44 He will haV' says the London Spectator, * rank without dui e$, re lies without labour" yet he will be 44 n gilded puppet who can perform no action becoming an elevated birth and exulted station ; who can follow no pursuit worthy of a warrior or a s a teaman ; whos? entire importance is r< fleeted ; and who can avow no opinion (except perhaps on an article of dress, a piece of furniture, or a horse) even though the fate and character of his wifolielat stake, without violatingthe eonsti utiou of the coun'ry that has adopted hui?." Tue blood royal?that sublimated quin tcssrnce nl' power incorpora;o?cannoi bcommunicated except by the transmission of inheritance. NVinn William the Third ascended the throne it was not as husband of Mary. the daughter ofthe abdicated monarch, but by a violation of the Constitution deliberately committed by Parlianrvnt?in other words, by a revolution. When he was, at first, invited to assume the government as regent in behalf of his wife, the high spirited Hollander refused?he would be every inch a king, or nothing. Prince Albert, it appears, has no such scruples?he is willing to be even leas than n reg< m, Yet his iuflu'Tce as tho Queen's husband may bo very great, ex officially. M The representations and advice ofMin. inters," says the Spectator," v\ill avail little against the wishes and argumcn's of a t>eloved spouse ; and the deliberations of the nuptial couch?if, as is nrdently hoped, harmony, tenderness, and love attend it?will probably be found infinitely more eftioa| ciotis than those of the Couneilboard. Hap pifv, the destinies of England do not dep-uid upon the will of any two human beings ; but if Prince Albert be endowed with gr? at intellectual at a omenta, sagacity, and firmness. united with ambition he may never1 heless have immense influence in ihiscountry, and mny become me instrument u? $ ?*?? good or irromediblo evil." The marriages of Qu^ds regent in England are said to have been generally ot short duration?a historical fact, ho* ever which need not be regarded as ominous Queen Mary's union with Philip lasted only four vears, and William the Thiid be came u widower in less than six years af>r his accession. Victoria's husband bv vir tuo of bis marriage will be created a Duke and a Privy Counsellor, a Field M irshnll, &c ; he will bo nuthons'd to quarter tli arms of England, but he will not take precedence of Dukes of the blood royal. Tlr Specfutor estimates his probable allowance from Parliament at 20,000/ n year, which is considered very moderate ; but which the Prince, no doubt will find somewhat mnrample than the income of bis German principality. From the Greenville Mountaineer. CITIZEM BEWARE. It is the opinion of several persons, that there is a gang of desperate villains Iurk'ng about this S ate, against whom it would be well for every worthy c tizen to be on his guard. In several places, the wri er has heard of suspicious looking persons being seen. Several attempts hare beoo made, within a few weeks past.in the eastern part regn nf Laurens District, to steal negroes in open Mi day. At one time, a small boy was taken givii off. and secreted, who, the following night his j made his escape, and relumed to his master. M >? At another, u negro woman was waylaid, his on the way to the field, and ordered to was stand ; but bv running and screaming, was r ial rescued and pursut commenced, but with- he s ou succi ss. The man who made the last and mentioned attempt, had been seen frequent, to b ly passing near.he same place, for more nul iian ? week previous; sometimes on ers, foof. and at others riding a large s?r. of tf rel horse, with saddie-bigs. Ho was ere dressed in a mixed homespun coat, met and y llow or copperas pan aloons. He it ? was ge, c rally uione, but sometimes in roin. the puny with another person, whose appear- pr s anceis not recollcc ed. No intelligence <*d d C InltrAil ntf i has deon obtaineu 01 miy mmui .#u which ilies;; persons hud in that neighbor- alio hood, nor have they been seen for a f? w ing days past. '? ni In addition to the above, two camps have Sen been discovered within a few mill's of that Got place, remote from any iond or dwelling hud house, at which horses find been kept, con These enmps were in the most s -crot part occ of a very extensive tract of woodland, and clas had been much us1 d. Atone ol them, the ft fire was still burning when it was discov- nat< end. ilv 1 Several other nt'empts were mad**, near of d the same time, to carry offnegroes, in that and part of the coun ry; hu; the writer is not fine informed of thn particulars, so as to he au givi thor.zcd to state them , nor is he able to s >y now with certainly wheth'T any have been taken of t off, tiiat have not ben recov red. app These fans surely suggest the propriety l' I' of the utmost vgilanc" on t ie par' ol every Mr. honest man in ti:e community. Every i: person of suspicious appeararic , should he h r? closely watched, for even au honest man Adi is * none tho worse for watching." Such all i a course of conduct could do no injury, him even if it should do no goo i. / A CITIZEN. S. ( Near Iluntstille* S. C. ) sup IX c 12, 1H39. $ 'ion no MESSRS. CL \Y AND CALHOUN, and it? srnate- ion, Friday. January 3. ers Agreeably to no ice given on Tuesday, wh las , Mr. Calhoun asked leave, and iutro. wa> duced a b'll lo cede the public Ian Is to tho rrs? States in which they are respectively sinia- bee >ed. Th" bill was r*ad by it* title, and on oft motion o; Mr. C., referred to the Committee sid< on Public Lands ; ate Soon aiVr. Mr. Clay (of Ky ) having con n..iu.i. nt h < in en nil ti? move to in- wif| vii v. - im ?... roducv the copyright bill, staed tiia1 he re. Hie "retted thai be was detained by indispnsi. Tin lion this morning, and prevented from he. que mg pres- nt when tin* bill was i ui rod uc"d by n?tr, lie Senator Iroin South Carolina (Mr. CaL onl iioun) for ceding tlie public l.uids to '*t?rtnii; at I States within which th v are situat* d. II" nov had wished to sugg?wi some oilier r Terence s? n ??f it t'mri to i .o Committee on the Public ees Lands ; bu\ unless some S nator would eou move a reconsiders ion of the order of re- hisi f-rence to that coinmitto", he could no- was otter the suggestion which he wish?d to froi make. I'rie [Mr, Southard moved the reconsideration, Ins and Mr. Calhoun objecting to it without some C. satisfactory reason.] hmi Mr. Clay went on 'o observe, that as 'he woi rommi c? was cons'itumd, four of its fiv? am members were from the new Suites, H?* Sot inea t to offer no d srospect to them : but lie mus' say dial tbis was a measure wuich, Mi disguised as it may be, and cnloraide as its provisions were, was, in effect a donation ?'H of upwards of 100 million of acres of tlv Tb common property of all '.ire Sates of this wai Union to particular Siates. " H . did no An think it right it?at such a measure should be ?Hi comini;ted to the hands of Senators cxciu- no sively representing the doners. He thought 'he that n committ<*e ought to bo constituted in tha which the old Stal'-s should have n fuller cot and iWcr ^presentation. *Ve should pre. hoi serve, whatever *e may do, the dernrum lht> of legislation, and not violate the decencies ofjustice. I lot Whilst up Mr. Clay would he glad il the any Senator would inform him whether iIk *tri Adornistration is in favor of or against this inh nr asure, or stands neutral and uncommitted, tag Tnis inquiry he should not make, if mo re- noi cent relations between the Sulfite who in- at < rodueed this bill and the head ul tint A !- the m nis:ration continued to exist ; but rumors, ov< of which the city, the circles, and the press It I are full, assert that those relations are en- un< tirely changed, and have, within a few d;iys G<i been substituted by o h- rs of an intimate, all friendly, and confidential nature. And . i shortly after the time when this new state iue of tlenps is alleged to have taken place, the bill Senator gave notice of his intention to move but io introduce this bill. VViio l?< r tins mo'ion pel lias or bus nut any conn vxion with that ad- ha justmeut of differences, the Public would, he I had no doub', be glad toknow. At all ev. C. cats, it is important to know in what relation par of support, opposition, or neutrality, 'he Ad- lini ministration actually stands to tnn momen. ma tous measure ; and he (Mr. C.) supposed | that the Sen itor from South Carolina, could communicate the desired information. cla Mr. Calhoun said he had supposed that ant no man hud as much occasion for delicucv to I in rcfering to political, compromises as iho it. Senator from Kentucky. Tout Senator I ft hud referred to some transaction in the po. t m litical course o: Mr. C which occurred Sei some twelve or thirteen years ago, and had cor illiid'd to certain passages in which Mr. Th C. was accused of chunking Ins politic il re. a S lafioRS. But that Senntor knew that it was tim others who had changed their relations to are political subjects and poh ical measures ra. er, iher than Mr. C., who had followed less in In regard to those subjects and measures than oft he was followed. The S(,nntor was accus- ?t tomed to have his example followed by oth- der ers ; but Mr. C. had not usually followed occ it, and especially would he no' follow i now. Kei But Mr. C's personal relations must of Jae course follow bis political relations. Tiie not Senator had now got the whole story, and ?up Mr. C. trusted it would be satisfactory in atoi irtl to tho rumdra to which he had alluded. 1 \ C. found it impossible to move wrliouf f ng occasion to accusations of changing rrouud. I' he was against t'-e Chi? f i ?istrate, he was ennrged with changing < opinions. If ho was in favor of aim lc > then accused of changing his political * lions. II"t he had no. changed at all; s tood now where he had always stood, | that was on the unchangeable purpose i rng back the Government to i s orig?- i simplicity and economy. He, with otn- s ha 1 succeeded in expunging the whole a ie Senator's Amercan System, and othxt avag inc -s, so as to give the Govern- t. U a c'ance of taking a fp-slt shirt, And j fave Mr. C. pleasure to say, tha' [ best part of the measures of the j ;cnt C!ii''f Magistrate were approv- i by Mr. C., and Mr. C. was hap- t >f the opportunity to make these declar- t ns.and he would s and to .hem. Notli- t should prevent Mr. C fiom supporting i an while tie was politically right. The \ a.or from K< ntuHty hid given the I ^eminent a wrong direction. Mr. C. ( resisted die proceeding, and he should i tinue to do sor standing on the ground I iipied bv Mr. Jefferson and others of his j *. . { fr. ('lav said h" hud und-Tstoo I the Se- < >r as felici.Mting lii.nse'f on the opportnn w lirli nad been now ntTonh d by Mr. C. i I finoig once more bis pohiical position ; | Mr. C. must say that lie had now de- i d it verv ciearlv. and had apparently i / ? * . m it a new definition. The S -imtor I r declared that all the leading measures lie present Administration hid nr-t his | rohaum and should r? ceive his support. I irn d out, then, that the rumor ;o which i C. had alluded was true, and .hot the I lator troni-South Carolina m'ght be i ^.ifier regarded as a supporter of this i min stra ion, since he had declared that ts leading measures were approved by I i. and should have his support. o th ? .illusion w ic.n the Senator from Jurol ua had made io regard to Mr. C's port of the head of another A Immistra. A lums) to occasoned Mr. C pain whatever. It was an old s'ory. one winch nad iotig been sunk in obhv , except when iheS-oaor and a few nththought proper to bring it up. But it were the facts of that ens*1 ? Mr. C. < i then n member o! t'ie II ?use of R-p. ii'ativt s. to whom three persons ha I i) returned, from whom it was the duty h?- House to in ike seleetion lor (tie Pi ncy. As to one of those three Candidas he was know n to hs in an u dlrlutiate d tiou, in which no one symphnt zed li him more than d'd Mr. C. Certainly Senator from South Carolina did not. ut gentlemen wis there fore out of the stmii as u candid tie for'he Chief M ig acy . nn i Mr. C. had consequen l> the y alternative of the illu trous individual he Hermtt .ge, or of the man who was v distinguished m the House of Repre_ t hives, and who had held so manv pla wi It honor to hiin?elf,and beuefi to :he lutry. And if th> re was ?mv truth in lory, the choice which Mr. C. then m i le s precisely the choice which :h" Senator in Sou h Carolina h id urged upon his oils. The Senator h msejf uad deel >rod preter nce of Adams to Jackson. Mr. made the same choice ; md experience I approved it from fna' day to dus, and uld to t'Tiiity. His'ory wojid ratify 1 approve it. L-t the S n.itor from ith Carolina make any thing on; of thai t of Mr. Cm public career if lie couiJ, . C. him. l'ne S :i?itrvr h d allude I o Mr. C. as ho mcate of compromise. Certainly h- was. is Government itself, to a great extent, s founded and rested on compromise, d to tiie particular compromise to which ission had been made, Mr. C. thought man ouglr to bt? more grateful for i ttiati Senator from South-Carolina. Rut for compromise, Mr. C. was not a' all ifident that lie would have now had the tor to men. that Senator face to face in < Nu ional Capitol. rue S -na or had sai I that his ovn post, t was Imt of S ate rights. But what w is .*-1 . "u i ?. - i.:11 ._ chjiI'.icut 01 litis inn i r w is m Din io p sM'veirorn or the Sintcs of th' ir rigiirful eritanre ; io sell it all for a mess ot po ;e ; fo surrender it for a tr.flu?a men* mud sum. The hill was, ?n cfirct, on iiiij?l io strip an ! rohsevenecn S at"s o! i Union of tii<-ir pioprr y, aii'l assign it ir to some eight or nine of 'In- States, his was whai ihe Senate called vindica. I the rights o' theSates, Mr C. prayed id to deliver us fioin all such rights and such ad vocal s. Mr. Calhoun said ihe Senator from Konky ent r? lv mistook ftie c ar ic er of the It was not only a St.re rights measure, was iiidispcnsubl to the p? ace and pros ity of the Staes, as the only measure t would well efftct the object in view, [laving used the word compromise, Mr. felt hound to refer the Senaior io that ticular compromise; and the S nator J said in reply, that ifany one should be nkful to him for that compromise? [Mr. Clay. Not to me.] Mr. Calhoun. The Senator ulways nned to l)o ttie author of that measure. I I am not in tne smallest degree thankful him fur it. I knew he could not avoid 1 was his master on ihnt occasion, and treed it upon him. I wrote home at that e half a dozen letters, saying that the jator would be obliged to accede fo a nproinisc. I will now explain all that. > iFiii i of nullification is this : that when I ate interposes, tho majority must some, es yieM to flio n itiority. Tlios? who to have the smallesi share of the plund. in the majority, are sure to get sway, the American system the consii uents he Senaor obtained a very small portion hey were rather of those that were plun' d. At tae time when Gen. Jackson lasioned the foree hill, the Senator from mucky had lost the manufacturers ; Gen. kson had supplanted him ; and a Senator, now present, was also in the way of erseding him in that inferos*. The Senr from Kentucky was therefore flat on lis back, nnd notliins" woutrf answer his own mrpose but the compromise. I( was w ith >im ei'her compromise or annihilation. I; ffas necessary that either he or the Ameri an system should fall, it was nofmy deare to mention these things, hut the Senator I vent ou' of Ins way to touch on kindred inhjocts, and I therefore fel myself compiled to make these statements I h ive illuded to my letters on that occasion : and perdicted in them, by the third duy of th?icssion, that this question would terminate is it did. Sir, I will go further. I yielded a good leai in that Compromise. It was my first ) '"position, fha* it should go out in 1840. iroceeding in an equal proportion for ev?*ry rear of fifteen per cent. And I will say urther, that at the session before we nullii?d in South-Carolina, I nnd others said hat the question must be settled. I: was even years which I then fixed on for i's termination, and it would have been carried in hat time, but for certain circumstances.?fn regard to ail, I yielded : my colleague Mr. IV's'oo) knows why I did it, but I do iot choose to s'nte it here. And I should now lave said nothing on the subject, if the S-nitor had been silent himself. But lie has no ;rati'ude on my pait; and Soa'h-Carnlina jwrs him no gra'itud**. lie ncied under he necessity of the case. I, hack-id by he gall int State winch I represent, comw.n.wi S, na;nr jo break down ihe sys- | em one decisive blow ; and it is my op- ' inion that it will bring back the Government o its original principle. Mr. Clay. I am sorry to bo obliged to prolong this d scus>iot?; but I made no allusion to compromises till it was done by the Sena'or himself. 1 made no re f re nee to the event of 1825, till he bad made i ; mid 1 did not, in tl?o most distant manner, allude to nullification.* and it is extraordinary that the Senator himself tdiould have in_ iroduced it, esp'tcially ai a rnom-nt when be is uniting with tlv authors of the force bill, and of those mensureb which put down nullification. The Senator says I was fl it on my hack, and thai he w :s my master. Sir, 1 would no own him as my slave, fl- my master! and I comp-IIed by him!?'And, as if it were impossible to go far enough in one paragraph, he r- fers to certain lelt< rs of bis own to prove that I was fiat on rny hack ! and. that I was not only fl?t on my back, hut another S nator and die President bad robbed me ! I was fl it on my back, and unable to do any * hi g hut wtiat the Senator from South Carolina peimitted me t< do! Sir, what was the cas-? I introduc-d ?h- compromise in spite ol the opposition of 'be gentleman who is said to have rob., bed me of the manufacture rs. Ir met bis uncompromising opposition. That measure had, on my pa t, nothing p tuoiihI in it. Rn I s iw the condition of the Senator from Sou h C irol na and hi* friends. Tn?> had reduced Sou 11-Carolina hy b it now ise m< asure (of nullification) to a stae of w.ar; and I therefore w shed to s ive the effusion of human blood, and especially lb- blood of our I How.citizens. That was on- motive with me?and another was a p'gard for that very interest which the Sena'or savs 1 helped to destroy. I saw that ties great inlerest had so got in the power of the C mef Magis rate, tii ?t it was evidi-n' that, a* die n-xl session ol Congress, the w no!- prot-e tive system would busw-pt bv the board. I therefore desired to give it a l-ast a lease ( " < of y?*ars, uml for that purpose, 1, i*i concert i \vi h oili'Ts brought forward that measure, ' wliicil was nec> nsary to save that interest ! from 'of.il anniinla ton. Uut to display soil lur fr tl?n cifeurTH'nn* ces in winch tin* Senator is placed, he says, from tli.:t very d ?\ of lh?* compromise, till obligations w?ih cancelled that could, on account of r, rcsr on liiin, on Sotin. Carolina, and on the South. Sir, what right has his to speak in the name of the whole South 7 or even of South Carolina its'If? For if li story is to ho relied upon, i!'we m i\ judge of tin? future from the past, the time wdi cone* when the Senator cannot propose to oe the org in even of die chivalrous and enlightened people of South CarolinaSir, I am not one of those who are looking ou for what inay enure"to thems- Ives. Mv course is nearly run; it s so hy nature, ? ?. i " . _ and so in the progress 01 |?(>i<u<*ai events. 1 have nothing to ask of the Senator, of me South, nor o' South Carolina, nor yet of :he country at large. But I will go, when I <lo go, or when I choose to go, in 0 retire, mi nt, wills the undying convict on that, for a qu irt' r of a c.en ury, I havo endeavored to serve and to save the country, faithfully .tnd honorably, wiihout a view to my own interest or my own uggrandiz ment; and of that delightful conviction and conscious, noss no human being, nor all mankind can ever deprive me. Nbw York, January 5. The packet ships which were so long d<*. tamed in the harbor hy the ice reached the city 11st night in tow of steamboots. Tne news by the (England, which is to the 7tii from Loudon, and 81I1, is not at all remark, able, and may he stated in suhsianee to be? A decline in cotton of a firming, caused by the report of the state of the crops cur. ried out hy the Great Western. A chec k, if not a defeat, of the Frenc forces in Africa?Abdel Kl Kader h;?v. ing m ?de sudden onsets upon tne French outposts, wi'h much success. The Pars press seems to be chiefly occupied with this matter, and the Government is has'emng forward large reinforcements, so that the naval and milttury dirtricts in the south of Franco are in a state of great activity. The Duke of Orleans goes out with the rein. u orcoments MR. CALHOOM AND THE PRESIDENCY. We take the followi ig p ssages on this subject from the correspondence of the Charleston Courier. Washington Jan. 6. Mr. Calhoun has expressed an intention to retire from the Senate as soon as his present term expires, wh ch will b? in 1841. His reason for retiring is the expectation that after the passage of the Sub Treasury and Land Bills, matters now no a longer of sprctilat on, that the country will be in a state of comparative quiet. Another reason, however, may he the fact, that his nan>o is now united throughout the Middle S atrs and VirJnia for the Presidency? and that there are many in the Senate and the House who have been heretofore silent, that now press his claims boldly for thai office. The Old Dominion, from what we know of her through her representatives her-', will never 3upporl Mr. Benton, and the doctrines of Mr, Calhoun are known to be those of the leading men of both Whigs and Democrats, of the old Jeffersouinn school. 1 think, thereforo, if Mr. C's. star was eVcr in the ascendant it is at this time?he has decidedly the ub/est champions in the Representative Hall, and many firm and staunch supporters in the Senate. Mr. Clay intimated a similar intention * to withdraw, in h;s remarks, on Friday last, so that the canopy of our Republican glory 4 wdl be soon deprived of two of its brightest luminaries. Retirement can detract nothing from the laurels of either of the Stoles* men, und their countrymen will only truly value their worih and services when they miss them from the forum in the discussion of greai principles of National Liberty. . . We have old Commodore Elliott in the H?. iitnntrniTed in some matter touch* the Court Martial and Court of Inquiry, which have been held to try him for some breaches of dicipline. He is in good health and spirits, but not exactly on terms with the present Secretary of the Navy. January 9th. Mr. D alias is a Calhoun-man?he will noi he appointed Attorney Genera). At the timer Mr C. and.Gen. Jackson wero candidates for the Presidency, the late Minister to Russia had a resolution to offer the D- inocratic Convention, nominating Mr. \ Calhoun. The flood tide in Pennsylvania, however, was flowing towards Old Hickory, and the resolution was introduced with only a slight liberation--'v:z; the name of An. dr?*w J .ckson being inserted in lieu of tho one crossed out with the pen ! "F A ll?E~R S ^GT2~E~T3rET FRIDAY EVENING. JANUARY IT. 18j0,~ We return our 'hunks to tho Hon. Thos. P. Suint< r lor his continued attention in sending us various public documents and repotted biils. For prospectus of "Southern Compon. d itm" see first p age. At nn election for Clerk of tho Court for t is district on Monday last, Turner Bryan, Ivq. was elected. On our fourth pngo will bo found a bio. graphical sketch of Gen. Harrison ; which Farmers, lor whom our paper is intended, r?f whatever party, will be glad to see. Tho pr S' ni position of Gen. Harrison renders r an object of interest to every intelligent citizen, who is an honest inquirer after truth, in |t arn correctly who he is and what he is. The sketch seems to bo fairly and cundidly wri ten. Th? mayor ol Charles'on has Issued his proclamation subjecting to a quarantine of twen'y dn\s, all vessels from Bos on, lest they in reduce the varioloid" or small pox k lid to prevail in that City. For the informa* tmn of non professional readers wc may say thai he varioloid and small pox are cssen. trilly the same disease. PefSbna who have once had tho small pox, or who have been successfully vaccinated, are still sometimes liable to the small pox ; but when it does aff ct them, it is a modified and milder disease , t an when it affects p rsons not thus pro* | tecicd. tn su?-h coses it is called the vario- " ! loid that is a disease resembling small nox. ; A correspondent of the Mercury states j ili.ii lip; small pox has already been intro* rfuced into the city from Bo?:on. CONGRESS. In the S -nate Mr. Benton has introduced a lone preamble and resolutions against tlio nssump on of State debts by the Federal j Government Resolutions against an embassy to the moon by balloons woold be as inucb in place. The one project is about us s< rtous.y con emplatcd by any respectable portion of the country as the other. A motion b\ Mr. Pieston to lay the resolutions on the table was lost 15 to 23, and, on mor kf n ,k.._. ? _ * j lion or l?jr. VjruiKiy, uirj wcm ilidiicu IU a select committee of 7. A bill lor trie armed occupation of Florida is before the Senate. It proposes to give actual settlers arms, a bounty in land and wages, and to station among them a new regiment of 1000 men as patrol*.A suU.treasury bill has been intro luccd by Mr. Wright. 1 hese arc nil the subjects worth no'icing which wc see in the reported proceedings except Mr. Calhoun's bill to cede the public lands to the States in which they lie; which wdl doubtless be reported in luc time by the committee on public lands to which it was referred. In the* flouse of Representatives, the N. 4 Jersey election still occupies the time, to the exclusion of every thing else, except mrro matters of form, Col. Campbell, Chairman ot the Commi:tee on Elections, on the 7th | inst. moved " the suspension of the rule" to enable him to introduce resolutions, referI - ^ e rsi ring the subject to the Uommittee or Elections, with all papers connected with it, and instructions to inquire and report who are eutitlc'd to the wots. After debate and resistance Irom various quarters, on various grounds, tho motion to suspend finally passed, 182 to25,and the resoIutLn were introduced. Mr. Bell moved to amend by instructing the committee first to inquire and report (without entering into the merits of the esse) w.Vtlier or not either set of claimants are now entitled to the vacant seat9. Upon this motion a debate arose, which, for any thing 10 the contrary that now appears, may last till May. 44 M r. Campbell" says the correspondent of the Charleston Courier, "made a low sensible remarks calculated to satisfy a I parties, bui in vain." The mania loquen. di is nor to be cured or repressed by sensi bie remarks. Since the above was in type we have received through the politeness of Mr. Sum