K) atluirt ?->. ? ^utv
i%i. ' TM lW^i M^Tl llT V 11 "I "i ^*^*11^ ft |
^ At 12 o'clock to day, Tmtdwy, NdiH
3d, Hit Rxpr.lj.ency, Governor Noble, t runt
i^lr- jjf* ^ c^r\?lr m^:,b?
^ ^jh^.wmr-ropt by him in botfi iJooft.
wno mon7 cawiier.1
p; ?*folng v;r!u?g^ great tofcwt jn4
day, AXt*^ of
my****' '**'k'jt 2, ^ ?Tre*etJ f*y
the Tariff <jii?r ion. By ffa? CamurwnUc
,Wt ?i'lS*3, i was provided, fku
; . wductign ot'ihctofcMht*
* afcptftfbo bfou^ht dn*r? to 2d per cent. m
?& *<N& wMd|> wi.': rl*n be il.tir cauthlbthcfd
T- aJM^jw aiv-r?i. by U,v. iiuJ ?iio same nci
^to tl*i i rooomicel
W Such VMM ^MB
ktftjw (Im WHKb IM
| b?.ialFovJgccJ into our F xJerS legislation,
) the adjustment ofthd Thrift) upon such mo?
difioeUooe **' wii! coMttae to the peace.
I Uftwonf* npd uUKgi Uy, of the Uuion, it sol.
r? enmtp or well by the dictatus el
9 winders* e? of p<wriett?in. The port luato*
% ^MjBrour ctfimry wiT k?Hoat
i *32E? are tu be n*??i.ted?evils of a meal.
? crag eaperf. The pittiMipji State# wilt not
e eK&i7erot?*>e thniea/^IVf w01 insist*
I that duties sbeU be-laid urnc ucivtly for? *i.
iieoo, end that no more revenue shell bo
* raised* thtf> is required by the oconoawoal
wants of il>c GovOromoiit The people of
- Una aociuHt comaoUJur a uniform ad vaJo
rt?0 daty upon *n importation*, upon a aeofe
? gfodoated with Mfvrvnco (6 duuUtMxJ gxr
pvndlturcs, and the ecouomicsl demands of
r :l?o .Gavein mr at ^
, From tl?o Comptroller's Report, tho folI
lowing abstract is obtained, exhibiting the
f Coudition of the Finances of the S ato, 00
i the 1 si October, 1639.
The tarlrawn b dunces of
? # 'existing appropriations
r ^ !amt>uut to $106,130 83
'The umsl and ritcessary
> * appropriation fix* the
I , your 1840, $288,420 00
r' ; . Muking. 0^330 85
r Top?? of .
? wT?kjU? wire is cii^h in
the 't^n TrensurhM^,.
i October I*t, 1839, 113,087 $8
, Aud flett amount of taxes
k * to be collected in 1840, 890.600 00
. Making, $403,067 00
VVUjoh will leave only a balance of about
/ $13,000 in tha Treasury, on the lit Octoher
nest, without the prespect of any reocpts
until the faxes cUull be collected and
i paid into the Treasury, in Mny and Juno
1811. '
, it is important to know the precise situ,
atioo of t'? State, t|? nYitioo to the debts
i duo by it, and ttie fates belonging le it* to
f meet those debts. For tins purjioso, ( have
i caused a statement to be prepared, civng
i this information, and herewith rommunicai
led. Front this document,* (lie following
- ? _ i. i .
r ^vii' at n aun ?? uw?w? u
Aggregate amount of ,r
i , ? .funds belonging lu
ike State, $3,630,830 21
I Do of debts
due by tha S.ut<\ 3,039,249 61
' C I
| Balance in (avor of tho
I Stout $591,586 40
, But it is proper to {tote, titet in tbo
t amount of debts, duo by tlio State, j* incluI
ded Che D<po*he of 1,031.432 09 of Uw
t Surplus revenue of tlio United States, fn
> addition lo the above liabilities, the State is
? responsible (or the rebuilding of Charleston,
. and tor the guarantee of tlio t*o millions
loan, fof tho Louisviil.i, Cincinnati, and
Onrlestnn Kw| ltond. *
Tlie Bunk of Uie Stato of South Caroliv
tin is in a sound con lition, and under the
.prudent m >nngr>mcot of an efficient Direct.
or}', and able nnd assiduous officers, it tncr.
Sim i nlir pnnlinnml rnnfiilrnrfl Th? nrn/ily
. of this institution, tho present year, are
, $210,000, which sunt Iws been carried to
the Sinking Fund, now amounting to
$948,058 $0. #800,000 of ibis amount
will be applied, on the 1st January next, to
pay the holders of the 0 per cent. Stock of
this S ale, created under an act of die Leg.
miaturet passe i in 1820, and redeemable on
, (lie above mentioned day. I herewith sub.
m1t the Annual Statement of ilio Bank. |
f The true condition of the. Banks of tha
i S;a;e, is at aU times, a subject of deep inter.
I est U> the people, but more especially
. crisia like tlie one in which we ore now
placed. For the purpose, of exhibiting to
kite public their preeent situation, i applied to
r thorn for etntemoais. allowing their reapec.
JUve liabilities and assets. With a praise,
worthy promptitude, each of thorn respond,
cd JO 111? coif, by furnishing me with re.,
ports jtstlw aevorui jMjint* of enquiry, which
j I now ley before you for your information.
The couotry waa just recovering from
the shock which the revulsion of 1837 hod
produced, whon another crisis in our moos
tary alFtirs, accompaoied by the ouspension
of ipoo* payment* by so mo of the Bunks,
imf again thrown the business and earn*
mrreo of the community into confusion.?
The frequency of these suspensions, domons'rates
the existence of eemo inherent
vice* io- the Banking system, or miwoso g'
tnent by rhooe who control it* operation*,
end admins*? it* ? flu in. It becomes your
day^jio^he guardiaftk of tto rights and
interest* of the people, to tabfreare that the
Hrpuhbe recoivc no detriment. You in
org. 4 by every consideration of sound seli*
?y, and u just rvgstd to the wuifum of the
; country, to probe the evil to the bottom,
and, by the application of dp proper remedies,
to brjng boek lliesc moneyed corpora*
' lions, to a healthv Mdoianw nC their
functions. ludcmCthe Bunk* are as much
JUlmmtd uk tha iuthminlHm and reform*.
Iffopl ofthesd defucts, as the* community ;
]fw^ftlho?t nn erticiont remedy, the BunkJ
ing ylfrm b-rminnio in convuhnQ^
MVIUHHS^
^ CAHSBiy
, bosiaMS ef society, ia ait its ramiAostkoi
i empMiaai % toiiPoui dfcate of \Wm da
? jJfliiil n h8fc? aurvoocy. Thiawoota,
>?npNM|MW?lf Altvi TlN?IM
pmuti, by dm Ba*ha,iaa dopatwrofex
the purpose* for which Ihcir charters war
|iegmn and a plain violation ifliiMidaih
which are enjoined upon them, h? th? term
af them traction. 11m previous history o
6b country, io relation to chartered compa
uiea, anfaroua the necesbity of placing net
sahuguatds to prevent the evils which haw
been felt. Ah charters, which confer cx
dueivt prirflefaa on cortain persons. u>
trench upon thebquai rights of tha rest o
tltocomaitiniiy. It iaceMaio. they rcquin
to btMahef hlihaM MMSientt; one
regulations concerning them, within th<
como?h?cy of the Legislature. It roigta
ba mi and politic, to prevent future evil,
lor the Logfcdatero to pass a general las
upon the subject of all charters, aohsequtnt.
' IvtO be rrantel. wmiibi* the riartit m malr.
such farther pnovtsionr, as may bo required
to ktep them within the limits ofthoir ap.
propriat? duties, and compel them to fulfil
tho objects of their creation.
In giving you M information of tho Condi:
ion of Uie State," X should fool .hat I arai
justly obnoxious to tho charge, ofneglocting
one of the most Important branches of industry,
were I to be silent on the subject o
A griculf at*. This mtrsuit of the great mast
of tho people, hes claims upon your fester,
iog care and attcn/tfom It ia the source &
our Wealth, and power, and famishes fht
moans of our commercial exchanges. Y?
ita importanoeneoma never to havo boer
i realixsd hr the ?f?Ik
State s for it ts a lamentable truth,' that while
o>Hcr wtchet of industry have received an
impulse, by whojaomo laws, the great in.
Wrests ef Agriculture liave been passed by
almost with silent contempt. It is now
time for tho S'oto to dismiss from hor counsels
tlus cold indifference, and to take such
action on the subject, as will pomote its
rupees*, lu exploring tho causes which
hava retarded the progress of the S:atu in
population, wealth, and importance, none
is more prominent than tho utter negb*ct of
this primary pursuit. It cannot bo doubted,
tliat 8outh Carolina once possessed a soil
of unsurpassed fonili'jr. But tlsis rich gift
of a kind Providence, has been, in a great
measure, Inst by a most pernicious course
of husbandry. A largo portion of fab
] once ffou'risXitg region, bleeaodyioo, with a
flranitiniLteliantr. lias him MMliiMtl tt% mh?r.
ility. Yet, all hope of reclaiming and resHiring
to wonted productiveness, our *1h
ousted soil, is not in vain. It ia a neodi.
cent provision of a food Providence, that
beneath the surface of the earth, are to ba
found substances of tha meat fertilising
qualities. Their discovery, however, requires
the application of science, and meant
seldom possessed by individual*. It ia,*k
such a case, that's wSa add potnoffb L^f
isbture should extend its aid. But to subserve
fully, the interests of Agriculture, the
Legislature eliould not cotiftno its operations
to a Geological Survey alone. With
this should be connected an Agricultural
Survey. While tlte former would bring ui
acqusintod w|;h ah the substances which
enter into the composition of that portion ol
the earth to which we can have accpss, the
I nter will elicit a mass of information, in re.
IsttdnCo every thing that concerns agriculture,
which cannot fail to bo highly useful.
In other countries, the utility of agricultural
surveys haa been felly proved, by the valua.
bio results. But, In carrying Into effect
such surveys as havo been mentioned, the
a s .1 a. seel _ a
value 01 tnc result* wouia uepena upon tnc
seloction of ah individual. possessing the
highest qualifications, combining a profound
knowledge of tbo subjects of investigation,
a sound discriminating judgment, and an
untiring sea) and industry. Tito expense
of such a project, should not be weighed
agaiust the incalculable importance or the
end proposed. Being deeply impressed
with the practical usefulness of such survey*
I earnestly recommend that you provide for
their accomphtliment.
But while the development of the nhysica)
resources of our country ahoukf claim
so large a share of your serious attention,
popular education ought to bold the firti
place to your cs i mat ton. It ia knowledge,
intellectual, moral, and religious, that constitutes
the man. Witliout its possession,
wealth would be a curse, instead of a blasting,
B< -sides, the stability and pcrmn nonce
ef our republican iosti utioua, liave thotr only
guarantee, in an intelligent, moral, and retig.
tout population. Hcncr, this important
subject has commanded the wurmest re.
gard, of those who have preceded us. The
eetablisentcnt of tlie College, end the adop.
tion of (lie Peer School system, are endur*
ing monuments, to.the memory of tliose, by
whose sagacious efforts lliey were brought
into existence. Tim fofiner, from small be.
ginning*, has risen to a proud eminence
among the literary institutions of our gn*at
Confederacy, at to ia annually tending forth
a band of well educated youths, the future
wda* aeneshwtml a# itujie - aaiimimi uxa
C09J ?IIV VlimillVIII VI IWII WUIIIIJ p HIV
ter, although baaed upon the aoundeat
principles of A free government, hna not
yielded efl these benefits which ita intrinsic
exccBefic* so jesthr deeutvedt' At your last
snssioe?, CowtwIwiaBufA wcfe Appointed, io
ttrmry olnctiM dUtrint nf rial Stain, lontim.
iHe end fee mo the Free Hchool ijrttem, and
to wpeft lolbc H?IIdee ouch awwdinwiti,
# alterations, ee they might deet* useful
<>> of theae cnmieiaiineare^ with i very
commandotto *mf ~e?id OMtiiy, hove die.
ch rged the' important Arty assigned to
while h?-? to male re,
ports. In obedience to year resolution, I
r4w#r^ee4^|he "wpor^t Which hare boon
' -
||MM no*, ProfoaSOTS ClUOTTII^ THOIN
if M lobeesamiuod by them, and a ayeIs
fcui jhn dining sod submitted to you, at
A ** Their report, ao aoon
b Mpfaamt shall be transmitted to you,
r esfcb hp. reports of the district commit.
E ^ pbfds tno onfbig nod pleasure, to an.
n moo t to you, thai the College continue*
b 10 pa ver the high expectations of the
i. 8tatr , It is rspi'lly advancing in a career
a efpc tperity and usefulness, which must mI*
does to the lasting benefit of the country,
a It s s jHy infttcaoes in numbers, although
? the sfindurd of admission is higher than for*
U merlS I arden'ly recommend this Do bio
s iosMpon to your paternal and fostering
f caiel The S ate can only expect to main
tain is wonted high character,by to ettlight.
* ened population, well grounded in solid
? lenrgiing. and a lofty moral elevation.
.la a free government, there exists a ju<t
jednusy of standing armies. The history
f o$*l| nations justifies this feeling. !:s re.
s cotiWare replete with instances of their dun.
I ger to liberty .Our anc**s'ors Imd a prao.
i* lieal knowledge on urt? ?Hjoct, which led
s thfm to guard, by constitutional restriction*,
> Sgainsf their in.rodufction. Hence, the re.
t liaace of the frnmert of our constitution, on
tho Militfa, and tlie provision for organising,
r <arming, and disciplining it. Hence, the
. recognition of the great political truth, that
i 1 wolf regulutcd Mdi is- is essential to the
I safety ofa froe State ; and certainly our
ancestors were not deceived, in their esti*
I mato of the dependence which might be reposed
in its efficiency. For the purpose
> ofdafensive warfare, it will net be hazardi
ing too much, to nssert that Militia aru equal,
\ if not superior, to mercenary troops. The
noble?t and highest motive that can actuutc
f the bosom of m m, impels the citizen soldier
i to draw his sword, to repel tho invader of
his soil, and to dcfeiid his altar and fireside,
f It may bo conceded that, for purposes oT
: Joreign conouest, regular troops nro mom
I available. But, happy fo*> as that it is so ;
i this great Confederacy of Republican
? fiRniea, It, from its character, pncific, und
i hover can bo prono to tngnjfe in wars morei
fy for winning glory, or acquiring foreign
dom*nion. From these consideration*, we
learn the vast importance of a well regulated
Militia. To prepare them to fulfil the
high destinies for which they uru intended,
care should bo taken, to train and discipline
them in times of pence ; but this duty upplios
more especially to the offences. 1 am
aware that freemen will not submit to thus*
rigid rules; which nro applicable to the regular
soldier: nor is tie* required. The idea
is not entertained, that the private militia,
man can ought to be, subjected to ih? same
degree of rigorous discipline, as n soldier, in
; the regular ranks. Indeed, it is qucetiona
i, ib!c, whether tne attempt to give tho prtvuic
i mlltia-mau the automaton precision of the
k soldier, should be made at all. It is not be.
bcveij to bo essential to the perfection of
our system, that any* such attempt should
. be mude? But the case is wid? ly difTerent
, with the militia officers ; they may bo int
strutted, and brought to a high degree of
i discipline in the military art. And if the
; bficers have attained to a r? spiTtsblo do.
(mo 01 imowicage, it win not lie aimcuii lor
I -them in a period of aciunl service, to truin
i iheir men, in short lime, in all ilie duties
. of tho soldier. South Carolina hns anted
on the assumption of this iden : and ail her
i militia laws look particularly tg n body of
well trained and disciplined officers. And
i perhaps to instrument has been moroTuseful
I in accomplishing this end, than Brigade Kin
r component*. It will bo readily admitted,
i that .hese assemblages are attended with
f tmich inoonvenience to the officers and ? ri
geants. But liberty can only be maintained
, at the expense of great sacrifices, and etcr*
. ntd vigilance. Exemption Pom inconvenience,
u ould bo an inadequate compensation,
i for tha caso and activity of despotism, which
would follow the introduction of standing r?r,
roies, in tin; place of the Militia. Neverihei
less, the Legislature should seek to render
t the performance of ;liis duty as little oner.
1 ous as possib e, consistent with the great
I object to be effected. Perhap* the system
i bears with more oppressive weight on ttie
sergeants, who am compelled by law to
i ?crve a limited time, no matter what m'ny be
I their means. To alleviate tho burden us
i much aa possible, 1 would repeat tho recomI
mendation of my predecessor that rations
, should be issued to the officers and serge.?
.e tl ? * or* - 1
?nts, o! ongnuo ivncampmcntH. i herewith
transmit tho Report of the Adjutant
> and Jaspcrtor General, for tpe year 1839.
ij Perhaps nothing exhibi's the progress of
civilization more stukingly, than well-con*
' struded highways throughout a country ;
, and surely nothing conduces more to the
ease and comfort of the citizen. In a com*
i munity like ours, where the articles transported
by thoplanter to market, aru heavy
and bulky, the necessity is doubly urgent,
to construct such highways as w ill fncditutu
the transportation. Thu repairs of the
roads, by the existing laws, depend upon
the labor of inhabitants, for not more than
twelve duys ?n the year. The system operates
unequally. While the lubor bestowed
upon certain portions of the roads is suffi*
cient to maintain them in good ord<*r, in
otlK>r portions, the same labor would be
wholly insufficient. From the face of thu
country, its uncvcnness. and tho nntuto ot
(he soil more labor will be required in some
sections, than in others. A^ain, those portions
of the Country, which lie more contiguous
to'he market towns, from the great*
er amount of travelling over them with
heavy wagons, and often from tho nuture
of the soil, and irregularity of surface, re*
quiro vastly mora work to put and keop
titem in good ord<-rk than other portions,
more remote, and morn favored, in the eir.
cumstat ice j mentioned. Hence, one por.
tion of tho inhabitants, is subjected to a
greater degree of labor, than another, nnd
not exclusively for their own benefit, but lor
tho benefit of perhaps u rnoru numerous
cluas, who h|ve expended no labor on th?so
roads. To remedy this inequality, and injustice,
presents a difficult question. If.
however, tho twelve days' labor, most faith,
v
complained of would b*4be law ragrXtad.
Out, from tht difficulties. already pointed
out, thiu a mount .of work, however faitltfuHjr
eaecutad, would, in many place* fe*
flcient to of wet the object. Hence, H often
luppvtti, that the planter hat to encounter
such a wretcliod statu of highways, ee to
cause great damage of vehicles ana horses,
and much consumption of time; and, lu
many instances, the bed conditio* of the
reads presents an utter obstacle to IWrther
progress. It is probable that the induce,
mem which iho Legislature, by. a lato act,
has held-out fur (lie formation of companies,
to es'ablish turnpike roads, will M of its
purpose, as own cannot be persuaded to
vest money in any enterprise, without s
fair prospect of n profitable return, in the
sliapo of interest, or dividends. I trust your
wisdom will bo able to deviss some remedy*
for these groat evils. Before leaving the
subject, I would recommend what has already
boon pressed upon your considers*
lion,- by one of my predecessors, that the
Commissioner* ofjho Rondo, throughout
thuSfate, should bo allowed to commute
labor, for itioncy, in sfl esses altera the
person tkiWs to roed duty, might prefer it i
th? money thus rained, to constitute a fund,
to lei out, in contracts, for repairing, sntf
keeping >iu repair, certain portions of the
ronds.
Tito Lcgislntuniydl^^^^^^BRAct en.
An of tire"
to be
by end.
Charleston
co in
lurs, asd
euro
' properly, unitfflB^^^^^^^^^H^Mrhich
the 8uia might
n Her ward 3 udttBMMfl jflBff tnort.
gaged 10 tho'BlMMKpl^^^PWBMtfancc,
the part of the iSMiMKjfeiMlpeontract,
in priority and pn|||pNRMy otlior debt
which the said uomf^My nigM then, or at
any othor time, wtrn! Bui, nt the same
lime, the company1 Waa allowed, in caso it
should purchase tM*Re?lroad of the South*
Curolinu Canul efcf-IUil Road Company,
to mortgage tho Oi(M|inMui to tlto said South
Carolina Canal awRaitroad Company,for
any sum not e.iitvri|ng two-thirds of the
purchnsomonoy, and givo to the South
Carolina Camfppd Railroad Company, a
lien thereon, tAprefefcnco to tho mortgage
of the State, The Louisville, Cincfnnnti,
and ClmrlWtiin Railroad Company did
KirchsaP ffMp8buth Carolina Canal and
,ilro?ki^ targe balance, of about
89004MR^rtRp purdmsc-monoy, still remains
RllPBw'which a lien upon tlic road
exists. and for which the road is liable to bo ;
sold, to raise the money in caso of the fail*
uru of the Louisville, Cincinnati, nod
Charleston Railroad Company to make pay*
mint. Tins sum is duo the 1st of January '
next. As the South Carolina Canal and
Rnilroud is the principal security which the
Sin e possesses, for its guarantee of the two
millions lonr., it may be highly important
for iImi S:ut? to look to the suffiiciencv of its
' lien. It seems that the Louisville, 6incini
nati, and Chaiieston Railroad Company cannot,
in time, raise the necessary means,
from its own stockholders, to meet their
' engagement. Hence, it becomae question,
which deeply concerns the State, what
course it ought to pursue, to secure an exI
elusive lien, hy the rcmovul of this incumbrancer,
which stands in its way. It was
toy duty to give you the information ; it be.
longs to your wisdom, to dceidfe oil the
course you ought to take. ' '
The Judiciary system, since its kuit re.
oigunizution, seems to perform its functions i
in u manner answerable to tlie expectations
. of the Legislature. Yet it seems to me,
that ilto system would be more complete,
by tlie creation of Inferior Courts. Tho
former trial ami rejection of county courts
in the State, is not a fuk test, by which
now to condemn them. They wore then
but purtiully used, and only in tho upper
country. The litllo progress winch this
portion of tlie S:nto had tlien made in intelligence,
was calculated to cxposo them to
contempt and ridicule. But now, a il flereni
lute of thwge exists, nndtliese useful instu I
lotions, which prevnil in every State of tho I
Union, except this, would bo found valuable
auxiliaries in the administration of justice,
and in tlie management of tho police of the
districts. If nriopted, the duties now parformed
by the Ordinaries, might be advantngooudy
transferred to these tribunals.?
Tiiey should be vested with jurisdiction to a
limited amount in cases of contracts, and
misdemeanors. And a I the powers now
ex< reined by tho Commissioners of the
Itouds. the Poor und Public Buildings,
should be vested ill Uicin.
Tlie trial by jury, js justly esteemed
amougst us, as one of tlie birth-rights of
frt'Cincn. and is. bv nur rnn?iiniim,i iaaI
oiwly guarded against invasion. It is n
strong defence against usurpation or op- ,
pression in public prosecutions ; and in the '
decision of privato rights, usually affords o
tribunal impartial and tit tlx* same time imbued
with a useful portion of tho neighborhood
feeling and inn-lligetico. But, in pro.
porfon as ibo institution is valuable, and
high in public favor, should be tho caro tnkon
to render it perfect in-Is operations.?
Its necessary tendency, is to deviations
from that exnet uniformity of decision,
which, in like circumstances, would render
to every one the liko measure of justice ;
mid as fur as practicable, without undue ro mints,
these deviations should be cireum
scribed. Whether this injurious tendency
inuy not be increased by the various habits
and tempers of various Judges, and how
far, if at all, it would be wc-fl to control tho
discretion of tiio Judges, in their summing*
of facts to thu Jury, are questions loft to
\nur wisdom to determine. So, also, is
the question, whether it is expedient to attempt
nny menns more effectual, than the
practice in appeals, to correct the error,
which, under even tho best iofluancos, juries
i often commit, in matters of nlptd latr and
fact; or, aMptimes, ?von in pure matw 1
?f fhcts committed 10 them. Our provwierwt
M to tho droning of-juries, seem well
adopted If guard n gainst the partiality oi' '
summoning officers, artd to secure a panel
above suspicion ; but k still sometimes*bap.
pens, that a party is obliged, to submit bis
case to Jurymen, from one or more of wbom,
he has reasons for apprehending injustice,
although ho can make no challenge, upon
sufficient legal ground ; and b verdict is
rendered, #lncb would huve been material|y
altered, by the change .rff one, or at most,
two jurymen, from wh'ch til! it lief, by ap?
peal, is hopeless, Wlicthor, without any
material ctionge in the practice of our courts,
the right might not bo given to every party
litigant, to striko without cause, one or
more of the jurymen, from the list offered
to him, I also protean as a question for
your constdern: ion, with a belief oil my part,
fiat such a right, might bo conferred with
great ndvauiugc. ?.
The public executions of capital off-it*
dors,, is an exhibition, which is believed to
exort an injurious influence upon the minds
and morals of the |k.*opK Tho terror, with
which such scenes should strike .the boholder,
is ofton converted into sympathy
for the supposed sufferer, whoso exit lias
sometimes tho appearance oI-a sort ui'. triumph,
utterly inconsistent with tho buiror, :
which should l>e inspired by his crime... In
i all cases, tliu imagination would invest tho
dread sanction of the luw, with u horror,
not fob in witnessing tho infliction. Tho
I heart whioh would be hardened by the Right,
might be svbduuJ by the conpidcrntion of
tho fact, knowq to occuK but hidden and
clothed in tho solemnity of darkness ' and
| privacy ; and, instead of ihu wicked suggestions,
and brutal excesses, which often
attend and result from public spectacle* of ,
' suffering, und public discussions uf tho suf. w
(brers' misdeeds, good influences might at.
tend ihwjjglm renOctmns which would fol.
low ||aHHMribr*of the offenders' being cut
off" tMflpbfly'mp.ithy or support. T(us is
porhqVMfllKiully true, in thu case of a slave
urro'fnJpUts be gc'nerally is, by-his fellow
_l '* "-V ?: ?* - ' -
I (IUVC9. T nnTviuru Huggest 1 lie propriety
I of ail executions being conducted in. some
private place, ur?d in the proiwiicc .of such
poisons only u* tlio law shall designate.
I herewith transmit the Ouatu of the
free white inliubitants of this Mto, taken
in pursuance of the net paasotflnthe lasr
strssioh of the Legislature. The whole
number is acerininod to be, 257,117.
'iu obedience to your .'solution of last
session, requiring me to corre^riM with the
Executive of Georgia, for tltt^mrpose of
obtaining information on the subject of the
controversy between that State and the
State of Maine, in relation to an alleg'tl infraction,
on the part of the latter, of that
part of (hu Constitution ol'tlic Uni ed Stn'es
which relates to fugitives from justice, I beg
leave to inform you that 1 have perform,
ud thatduty, and herewith transmit the documents,
shewing the prosctil state of the
controvej-Ky." " *** ?
I trnnsniit to you the proceedings of the .
Legislatures of several States, on various
subjects of supposed common concern' to
all the Stntos, wli ch are laid battue yon ut
flinir N'miitui
??* r*t*""*v
1 also invite yonr attention to the copy
of an act, passed by tho Legislature of the
State of New York, "to authorial the arrest
and detention of fugitive* from jus ice,
from other States nud Territories of ihn
Uuitod Stales," transmitted to ino lor the
purpose of being laid before you, with u
view of procuri ig tho passage of a similar
taw by nl! the States. ^
It bits been suggested to nie, by u com- n
munication from Daniel hrtitif, Kiq., Unt-'
ed States Consul nt the city ot Paris, in the
Kingdom of Franco, that great difficulty
and embarrass man t nr? constantly expor*.
enced, by citizans of tiff United States,
and oilier 'persons abroad, from the w^nt
of oomot uniform. and .simplo mode of acknowledgement,
of deeds ql convpynt.ee of
'real estate, and other property, *i U"e in the
( everal States of this Union, gn<l executed
without the limits of tho United States.?
This mutter nppoara to bo entitled to your
consideration, f therefore, in accordance
with the r<-quest of Mr. Brcn', lay hi?bom>
tnuhicution before you, containing the project
of a law, to remove tlw> difficulty tui j
emburr.issment complained?of.
It will afford me sincere pleasure, to co.
operate with you in nil measure*, c;t culutt'd
to advance tho happiness und prosperity < ?
our common country : unci 1 supplicate thu
Supreme tyLuler of the lio'yerse, su to d.rect
your deliberations, that you'.* ! ihuru
may conduce to ibis benefh-ient result.
PATRICK NOHL15:P
18 TUB YELU)W FEVER INFECTIOUS !
Extract or a loiter from St. Augusltrio
'published in the Cli irleston Courier
In conanjucnce of the occurrence of
more than one frost, I think it nun be arid
llmt the sickness of ibis place is at un end
Lieut. Smith, of th'^U. S. service, died the
dny before yesterday. It would seem from
all that 1 catsk'urn, thut u diversity of opinion
pievuils, nj; to the causes of disease.-8or
e considering them to be local, hut a
vast majority of the people believe mat the
Fever was imported froin Charleston. I
have not, as yet, made up my mind on. the
sudjcci ; out nm engaged in uiu cuiitcron ut
evidence on both sides, and from the pnrfizana
of either doctrine.
Tl?o more I reflect upon thy subject, I Ik; &
more seriously am I convinced of the trans,
musibi/ity of Yellow Fever, from one place
to another, and. tiie extension oi* the disease;
provided, the condition of the ii'mosphere
bo favorable to its propagation, Anil yet,
I do not h?'lievo the disease to be contugcous,
in the s rict nignifteniion ot that word; nor
is it exeliuively of foreign origin. For in
particular treason*, where local onuses arc
present, and the atmospliece of. Charleston,
is approximated by host and other circumstances,
to thnt of the West Indies, I can V4
readily conceive that like oAbet a would flow MA
from !:kc causes, and that u nortltern man, /5
coming under auch circumstances, into the H
City, would be liable to ?f? nt'uok." W '' h
u I