Abbeville press. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1860-1869, March 08, 1861, Image 2
ADDRESS*
OF
HON. JOHN 8. PRESTON,
Commissioner from South Carolina to the Virginia
Convention, l''eb. 9, 1861.
Mb PltKfllDEKT AND GkKTLKMIlN or Til* CoNvfesTiox:
I have the honor to present to you
my credentials its Commissioner from th? Oov?r?ment
of South Carolina to the "Jouvention
K' V of the people of Virginia. On these credentiuls
being duly received by you, I am instructed
by my Government to lay before you the
causes which induced ihe. state of South Caro?
linn to withdraw from the United Mates, and
resume the powers heretofore delegated by her
to the Federal Government of the United State*
of America.
In performing this duty. I to aanotmee
to yon that it is rrorpsrrr of my purpose, nor is
it the wish of mj Ooveroment, that I should
moke on argument before you irr proof at the
right of secession. My Government haa assumed
that ri^ht in her sovereign capacity,
and my ministry here is to recite the causes
winch slic has deemed sufficient to enforce upon
her the necessity of exercising that right*
? * *
I will therefore proceed to state the more
prominent mid immediate causes which have
induced South Carolina to >l>mir>t? ???_
p, vvu*eut
to tlie Constitution of the United States.
As preliminary to this statement, I would
*; say that, as early as tl?e year 1820, the oiani
fest tendency of the General Government was
to restrict the territorial expansion of the
slaveliolding States. That is very evident in
nil the coutcsts ol that period ; and had they
been successful to the extent that some hoped,
ir even then, the line that cut off the purchases
from France might have been projected Eastward
to the bottom of the Chesapeak, nnd ?ept
Virginia and half of Tennessee and all of Ken
l??l* TT \* ilintn!* ?I- ? 1 - * *
?wvbj| * |mupci, aiwr sua ilia glTCO to
non slavery her North-western empire, to the
non-slavery section. That might be the line.
The policy, however, baa been pushed ao far
its to deprive this Southern section of that line
of at least seven-tenths of the acquisitiona of
the Government. Besides this, I would atate,
as preliminary, that a large portion of the
revenue of the Government of the United
States has always been drawn from dutiea on
imports. Now, the products that have been
necessary to purchase these imports, were at
one time almost exclusively, and have alwaya
mainly been, the result of slave labor, and
therefore the burden of the revenue dutiea upon
imports purchased by these exporta mutt
fail upon the producer, who happena also to b?
the consumer of the imports.
In addition to this, it may be stated at a very
early period of the existence of this Government
the Northern people, from a variety of
cause?, entered upon the industries of roana
jiuiure iuu ui commerce, out ol agriculture
scarcely to the extent of self pupport. This
may have ariten front a variety of cauaea;
among them, perhaps, an uucoogenial climate,
a barren soil, but a sea coast adapted to commerce,
besides an inherent tendency upon the
part of the people of these latitudes to the
arts of manucraft and traffic. Aod while,
therefore, it was important that all the aourecs
of the revenue ahould be kept up to meet the
increasing expenses of the Government, it also
manifestly became of great importance that
theee articles of manufacture in which they
have been encraffed almnlil h?
o o ? ?-Jwvv "MD
purchase of their confederates. They there*
force, invented a system of duties partial and
discriminating, by which the whole harden of
the revenue fell upon thore who produced the
articles of export which purchased the articles
of import; and which articles of import were
consumed mainly, or to a great extent* by those
who produced the exports. The State of South
Carolina being nt the time obe of the largest
exporters aod consumers of iiriporta, was so
oppressed by the operations of this system upon
her, that she was driven to the necessity of
interposing her sovereign reservation to arreat
it. BO fur MB alio ?? iirtnrtarnaJ TUS.
position, together with tb? rapid spread of the
principle of free trade all over the world, did
an est the iniquity in the shape in which it waa
then presented. It coald do lunger be the
avowed policy of the Gevernmeut to tax one
section for the purpose of bnilding up another.
Bat 6o successful had been the syrtem; to each
an extent had it already, in a few y*arv, been
pushed ; so vaat had been its accumulations of
capital; so vastly had it been diffused throughout
its ramification^ aa seemingly to interweave
the industries of the sections almost in*
to the life of each Other. As mechanics manufacturers,
shippers, merchant*, bankers and in
all the intermediary pursuit*, the Northrp peo
pie seemed to have become almost oecnury to
the inaintainance of the industry of tbe8oaib>
Id tlieee relation* they had crept iat* ?rtry
crevice of an,affluent and Ioomeconomy, and
made themselves so convenient to it> "that we
begati to think them vital to it; and they grew
eo great and waxed to strong,-a* (bay fed and
fsttened-on this sweating giant of the Boqib,
that, with the insolence natural to sudden and
bloated power, they began to darm that the
laboring mon&ter was ereatad for their tribntery.
They have drawn fr6tn us subsidies
wbieli might have glutted the avariea of a Roluso
Proocosol, which, fa oosqnartsr *f a.eectory
have huitded Up powerful eititt, fivslisg
in wealth the riehest marti of lb* -Old World,
and burdening every sea with'thair eommaro*.
uu which nave covered tbtttfHUiU aoH With
pailaee* add tailing (irdtM. And-jrt,
aooraolooa u it may appear, it WtUHiardftU*
literally true, that white tb?y war#-1fciie<giith*
eKog all thalr wealth and paWr ftM tkta
1 sonree, ?Up by atep, laCuteum imteff, wtfb
uggrtgafcioti; there waa gdttog ap? determined
'ptirpoM to tfcm mftifc' oT tfcofr p** ^^'l^ndear.'.I
pretrad oot to tapWijk H;
me tfjW wbtefc it ia my
Up i* lay W?*re WtT* o?*rly thirty y?r*
the people pt ^on alaveholdiag 6U^t^Jp4ff* 1
aaailtd tfce ioaUtntioi'if'/ifrUai (iMMM
^riy,#tb^&)a?ri|^, i>,# lfc#
w*'^. gn???nUWP,
inUtxleation Of U? wOaeyfc ,, frfyieljm.
<?r*^juHig *i.i! r* f|y
MflMMdwEi<M HWig +*&&.fMftK
<*#?; ? "*%?*. ?t
h<la ', * i i.'v?iii<4 <*t*fir.i>Z' ^ ?W|> iff *?r.,
h?twe<n ?l?Tery ai>4 anUrt?V?rj. ThU ii lti?
solemn decree, UmM|ferHa eonctit?t?d (Hot,
kAA^JN nL'a* 'inMiiilAhA
Dierc? nf tlie Republic. Additj*>c>ft!-flBilJjp$i p/
w i>opl<>( nicking ni?juHtic? io ?ll
n*ny of the States by ligliUUre action, have,
d?elir?d thai the institution of ?l???ry, it
exist* in the Southern Slate*, is an offence to
God, and the fore (bey are bound, by the moat
acred duty of man, to exterminate that institution.
They have declared and acted upon
the declaration that the existence of slavery
in the Southern States ia an offence and a danger
to the social institutions of tb* Northern
States, and therefore they are bound, by the
instinct of moral right and of ??lf-preservation,
to exterminate slavery.
Impelled by these saered duties to God and
tl?cir consciences, and by the scarcely l?w
binding impulses of self-protection?after year*
of earnest labor and devotion to the purpose
they ' are succeeded, by large majorities In all
the non-slaveholding State*, in plaaing the
entire Executive power of the Federal Government
in the band* of those who are pledged
by their obiigation% to God?by their obligations
to the social institutions of man?by
their obligations of self preservation?to place
the institution of slavery in a sou me of certain
and final extinction. That is, twenty mil
lions of people, holding one of the strongest
Governments on earth, are impelled by a perfect
recognition of the most sacred and power
ful obligations which fall upon man. to exterminate
tbs vital interests of eight millions
of people, bound to them by contiguity of
territory and tbe closest political relation. In
other word*, the decree inaugurated on the
6th of November, was the annihilation of the
people of the Southern State*. Now, gentlr
men, the people of Sooth Carolina, being a
portion of those who come within the ban of
this decree, had only to ask themselves?is existence
worth a struggle t Their answer is
given in the ordinance I have had the hopor to
submit to you.
I nr+ Wfer* m* vim nnil loarn<?rt m?n vrlm
have observed aud sounded (he uajn of human
life in all its records, and many who have
been chief actors in some of ita greatest scenes.
I ask them if, io all (he love of human society,
they find a case parallel to thiat South
Carolina haa 300,000 whites, and 400,000
slaves. The whites depend *n their slaves for
their order of civilization and their exiatauce.
20,000,000 of people, with a powerfully organized
Governmenl, aud impelled by the most
sacred duties, decree that thi? slavery mnst be
exterminated. I ask yon, Virginiana, ia right.
ia justice, ia existence worth a struggle f
? *
Now, gentlemen. notwithstanding theae facta
I haTe endeavored to group before you, notwithstanding
thia labor, this long Buffering,
thia patience I hare endeavored to ahow you
she has practiced, throughout this whole land,
ovpr all Christendom, fry State has been accused
of "rash precipitancy." Ia it rash precipitancy
to atep out of the pathway when
you bear the thunder-crash of the falling
avalanche? Ia it raah preceipitancy to seek for
ahelter, when you bear the hissing of the coming
tempest, and see the storm cloud tlose
down upon yon f Is it rash precipitancy to
raiae jour bands to protect your heart!
I venture to aaeert that never, aiitee liberty
came into the inatitationv of man, have a people
borne with more patience, or forborne with
mora fortitude, than htre the people of the?e
! Southern States, in their relations with their
i confederates. A? long as it was merely silly
fanaticism or prurient philanthropy whieh proposed
our deatruotioo, we did nothing, scarce,
ly complained. Even when partial and moot
oppressive taxations, continued for years,
ground us into the dust of poverty, sure for a
tnomsnt of convulsive struggle, we bore it
patiently; even when many of onr confederates,
by State and municipal regulations viola
ted provisions of our compact vital, to us, hor
deei6f their peaple, under the sanction of
these regulations robbed our property and
rourd-r?d our citizens ; even when, uuder the
same sanction, bands Of wild fanatics invaded
slave States sod prolaimed the destruction of
iliftrj, bj the annihilation of the ilifdMlder,
and States end cities erected shrines to the memory
of the felons; when one eon federate demanded
that we most be driven from the
civilisation of the age ia which we live, acd
another sent he chief Representative to defame
ns before the civilised world?beneath all
these enormities we continued to give our blood
our gold and oar iwtst, to build up the grandeur
end maintain the power of the Republic ;
and when there via added to , this, all that
baffled avarice, malignant fanaticism. and moral
iurpitnde ooald devise, to- vilify, wrong and
lfniaie aa, we tun gate ear blood and treasure
and offered oar hand*. and called the brethren,
1 draw, do fancy piatnre, 1 oae no de*
clatoa to ry aaa*ftioo. There ia not a man in
ihia Convention who may not oite twapty oMta
to meet every item of thia catalogue. But
whan at laet thh fianaicitiain ana eager haate
for rapine?mingling their foal ptirpoete, engendered
theae fm?nting mllHona haw
Mixed tbeConatitatioa And diettirbad iU most
a^red form into aa Jeetramopt. for eor.ruin,
why thco, longer Bubmiwioci Memed lo ui not
only base cowardice, bat absolute futurty. '*
South Carotid* ?afelt tbiat, to remain one hour
underaoeb a donniiattaa, wa irotiMtatrH tha
destruction earttfcd by follyeijd W
| a?M; wk feel vb*t if there vat- oak aoD of a
Carolina ?re? who Would eaont# aw* aabmi*
not a bilt iUe or a plain, from
Eataw to tia powpeae, from which die spirit
of Me offended aire woold not Waft1oitb to
ebemahiaaiWm the land ha deaxnttad. We
didt?<*?Bdalr enoogfc in thofc MtUa State to
fire bra*tfc to ?ow?eVMM*?W<*ft'>t firm
earth oaaaffa t*?re tor ?M.?ittfc oooae?llo* to
m'Msf - J& a
jj^Ufarito a# Virginia, to pprdeo
p?e W r*fcrriag wito mm mrtwolaritr
'ftHfca poaitiota ?ffffe titote In aarttototiao with
ibcii iaadf l^a.
Iceao* aftdft^ mwAfrrelerfd. l aa^a ai
?fca 0 ii waiMH|r^/> m n p??|| i^??rWi?ly
. J ?***?** ? 1*4,
xsmaEssmcxsz
***&%*&* ffijjjfclfrtU
*J . *> * ? of pwk^^9,,
m if foot ibo f?ry eM Wm of
on* ft?, ??tM? ywtrto noi
lb* b^rd?n. *f thai lulu W iritfc froA
?ix-teen to rixty who can walk or stand. who
! not anned, standing ready to resist to the
death. ? W? ore very small?rcry weak?but
if that flre*torai w ith hieh we are threatened
should fat! upon us and consume ?u>, hereafter
the pilgrim uf liberty, perhaps from thi? Slate,
who m4y be searoliing brneath the ruins of
Charleston, will find lh| skeleton of ocr sentinel
itinding at our ki gate.
Believe it net, sir, that in taking this pocrtion,
we have been forgetful of the pant, or
reckless of the future. Jfo, sir! it is.the great
past, and our sacred obligation# to the future,
whieb have served a* to the act. It was the
splendor of the past which daisied our eyes,
until the sabstance of liberty bad almost slipped
from our grasp. For years and years we
paused as we held up the curtain nnd gored
back on the unforgotton glories of the hallow
ed past, aa we beheld that fairest temple in
which lihertv had ever fonnd a shrine?that.
which Washington and Jefferson, Adams And
Franklin. Henry, and Bdadison, the Lees, Masons,
Rutledges and Pinckneya, a conclave of
denii-gods, hnd bnilded up as a tabernacle for
us to dwell in forever, and consecrated it with
thi* blood of oar own fathers?that citadel of
liberty?that palladium of hcisan right?that
precious muniment of human hope?that refuge
of hope, all over the earth?that world,
won from the wilderness to God and liberty.
Sir, with pious reverence, we looked upon all
this?and, yet. with these hands, we tore it
down?with these feet, we trampled it out of
life?witb this breath, we scattered the fragment*
on the winds?and, yet, w'o do not tremble?we
are not appalled.. Our hands are un
stained, pure, clear, unterrified, as we raise
them io confident appeal to tl>? God of Trutli(
Justice and Right. Armed in this panoply, we
drop the curtain and are ready to move onward
through the coming scenes of this solemn
drama.
Gentlemen of Vir inia, the people of these
Southern States are no noisy faction, clamor*
ing for place and power?no hungry rabble,
answering in blood to every appeal to brutal
passion?no shouting mob, ready, to take for
their Government a glittering epigram, or a
justian theory. They are not cantiDg fanatics,
festering in the licentiousness of abolition and
amalgamation. Their liberty is not a Tainted
trumpet straggling through the streets. Nor
does their truth need to baptise itself in pools
of blood. They are a grave, calm, prosperous
religious people?the holders of the most majestic
civilisation?the inheritors, by right, of
the fairest estate of liberty?fighting fur that
liberty?fighting for th*ir fathers* grave?standing
athwart their hearth-stones, and before
their ehamber-doors. In this fight, for a time,
my little State stood alone?that little State,
around whose outermost borders the guns fired
at the Capital might almost be beard?whose
scope of sky is scarce large enough for one
star to glittee in?so smaH?so weak?so few.
We began this fight, alone, against millions;
and bad millions been piled on millions, under
God, in snah a fight, we would have triumphed.
But, sir, that God eares for liberty,
truth and right among His people; and we
are ?o longer alone. Our own children, from
Florid* and Alabama, answered to the mater
nal call?and onr great sister, Goergia. marshalled
forth tier giant progeny. The voice of
Quitman earn* ap out of his grave on tbe Mississippi?and
Louisiana proved heiself the
offspring of the "Apostle of Liberty." And,
now, yonng Texas raises her gianl form and
takes her place at the bead of this majestic
column of Confederating Sovereignties. And,
sir, wherever Virginia has a son beyond her
borders, his voice it known, because lie speaks
in the aneient tongue of liis mother. Mr.
President, I. one of the humblest of these soi s,'
have told ray adopted brethren, I have pro-,
miaed then), that before the Spring gnus grows
long enough to weave a chaplet of triumph,
they will hear the stately tramp as of a mighty
hast of men? a sound, at' if the armies *of
destiny were afloat?and they will see floating
above that boat a banner, whose whole history
is one blfuee ?f glory, and not one'blot of
shame?and coming op from that host, they
will hear orta voioe, aye, like their, own?one
voice only?the resounding cchoof" that voice
whioh first thundered into the hearts of your
Ood-Iike sires, *Oiveu me liberty, or give me
death"?and on that banner will be written
the unsullied name of Virginia. The world
HV?* MCI HWfVIJi ?uu ?HVW9 uu mwfO
it in th? niche of tin*, ud knowing it, none
dare dopbt whether Virginia , will be, when her
own offspring, Divine Liberty end Justice, c*U
her to. fight. My birth right brother*?have
-1 protnised too mueh in the dmm of oar mother!
la an. the doobt would, be worve than
bfeaphemy. - She . will take lief place is the
-front rank. She will be. A* she.has .been for
on*.hundred year*, the <bretao?ttil -the -world
in the eatsw of liberty & #HI 'iUnd here
with her uplifted arm, not only as a barrier,
bat the gufdir.g-ktar lores empire, iMehliig
'from her feet to th? Wopic?. frora the Atlantic
to the Paeifio?grander in proportion?etroniW
in power?freer in right titan any. whteh
ha* preceded it?wSteh will divide the rate',of
the Atlantic he felt on the far-heaving wiVita'
of the Pacifl?, and will own the 'Oalf of Mexi'*?
aad the bartibean $e?. 1 "r l?
Mr. tVeeldeht, f ppntr before y0*?, inbe
hall of a' portionef thoae " who*t b*Re*e 1? tfcia
eoming gre?tn?^V?o?' 'jirbo'iafi,/W; ^tiel
wrong and injtutiee, been dirlVen freUi their
inheritance fo 16* iplgbty pea* ; a?dl aab Vlr'
J?Wl jpy* . -q|'> 4?''j| /if ivj|#.^ rl^vi ,ifiv
-/ "4' iwNffrtjtj !<*f^*^;?&
ocHbU de4o?tfo^ fc)*? rtp^ilcat- ?Url~
%tm of fk* JSortbtm o<f SpaUMfB mliam oi
WPffKf'
wbtth k*r* fWnr^A.f
wet fate'* Oor?jra*?c$t of fert? i^Mfh, *?**
diira Mtn 9wi>^t?ttb4ttdntt th*v Qo?gvo
MmlgaoiM ft* CayWkT
4* Vt?tiif|iTi<|l^aif iglNili Hull 'gUM
lwh|,H iwlifciliiiliwJi^
r. ', '".c
pc.ple of the Sooth at political and oeiil
eqnnla. No gentlemen I never?never until l>y
Tnur iiovor. vtiiir irUnil vuur virtue, von cm
* r ~ V - * J J . '
unfix the unuhanif enhle economy, of U>e Eter
nil Hod, cnn you make ol the" people, of the
North and tbe people of the South on? people
An irresist bio instinct ?>f *elf-preservation hm
forced the cotton Siuteato recognise tliia abso
lute and imperative diversity, and tliey art
ar>w proceeding-to erect their institutions or
its prevent necessity. The Northern State* ar<
alto manifesting tbeir recognition of the hdii
diversity by preparing, with the aid of tlx
1 agent* of non slavery, known aa the Army ant
NaT}- of the Uuite-I States, to attempt the tub
ugation of the Southern States.
I believe tbe question to be decided by you
gentlemen, i*. whether Virginia, like the trem
bling Egyptian, will skulk for shelter bonvatl
the crumbling fragment* of a past greatness
to dwell under the scourge of a haughty, bu
mean task matter: or whether she will stej
forth, and, with one voioe. hush this storm <i
wnr. mid keep the ancient glory of her nam*
The timea must lie far more distempered thai
now ; indeed, propheoy dal e not seek, for i
can never reach that tuture, when Yirgiuiau
will hesitate to dcoide this question.
Mr. Presiilppt. the pe?'ple ??F South Carol in
have d?'c|.?ivd in the language of the vnriou
compacts between them and their confcder*
ates. tliat they have always retained their aov
creignttv and independence; that they, wi I
their Confederate*, did di legalecertuin power
to a common agent: that, by then confedet
ates, t'lis compact has been violated, and th
Government established under it has becotn
destructive of *.h? purposes for whioh it wa
established, and it is. therefore, their right t
abolish that Government, m> far as it concern
them, an1 institute another. They, have sol
emnly ordaint-J, and are now, and have f
sixty days, been maintaining that ordinate
by arms?that ull p litiral connection wit
the Government of the United states is dis
solved.
The admitted rule on which they have r?
sorted to arms is, "That a violation of a p9rfe*
right, either committed or committing, or wit
which a people is threatened in the future, jui
tifies the undertaking of war?amicable mean
having been tried in vain, or when it isevij.-r
that it would be evident that it would be use
IiUIA in t.rv ?ha! rtluana isiwtTAA ounitifud .< kaa...
J J ? - - ?> >"?
to arms."
On this rule, the people of South Carolin
have resorted to ariris iu dcfenee of a 4,perf?-?
, As I have stated, they have muiotamed th
position for a reasonable time, notwilhatatu
ing their ohief harbor lian lieen hloaknded, an
their territory invaded ; they have maintaine
It in honor against falsehood and treachery
they maintained it until five millions of pe<
pie nud six sovereign States have joined wit
them lo form n government, in which, in tli
language oi the eminent citizen who hast bee
placed iu the charge of the Executive Depar
ment of that Government, there can be doul
?that "conrtge and patriotism of the pe<>p!
of the Confederate States will be found equi
lit Anv HA* nf nKi/?k Aim hfttii
nnd security may require. Farther obntacli
may retard the progrees of that Governmen
but tliey cannot long prevent the progrce? of
movement sanctified by n virtuous people.Reverently,
let us invoke "he God of our fall
en to guide and protect us in our efforts I
perpetuate the principles which, by his bles
Ing, they were able to vindicate, establi*h an
transmit to posterity; anil with that contir
UHnce of His favor ever gratefully acknow
edged, we will hopefully look forward to bu
cess, peace and pronperily."
Believing the righte violated and the inte
erts involved, are identical'with' the rigb
and interest* of the people of Virginia, a a
remambet ing their ancient amity, and the
common glory, the people of South Caroiir
have instructed roe to ask, earnestly and re
pectfully, thai the people of'Virginia will jo
them in the protection of three right* and ii
teres ta.
Mr. President, I luxve performed my missioi
sod do now. in the name of tny Qovernmeti
tender to thU Convention the . moel oordi
thanks for their boDorable.con?ideratUm of a
mission; and id my own behalf. I offer to tl
Convention and Ibe ciltsens of Virginia, a
heartfelt gratitude for tbeir noblo eourtesy at
most generous kindneas to myself personally.
* 4 -i
From the Columbia Auocialed Prss*.
Inaugural Address of Frecideat Lmcoh
wasbixotoh, f861.
Fellav Cithern of the United Statu :?]
compliance with * custom, as old as the Goi
ernmsnt iUfclf'I-sppear before you to addre
yoti briefly, and Iff take in jour presence' il
oath prescribed by the Constitutionof the Un
ted States, nod to be Uk?n by the President, b
fore fee enters on the exectuion of hie office^
. dd" not consider it necessary. at present, for r
to dlsooss tbost matter* of administration abo
which there is no special atriiety or eiiUi-meti
Apprehension seems to exist among the peep
ut the Southern fcutes that, by t fee *e*ession.
a Republican AcJminiitr?Uo?i,.iheir proper
ind peaoe and personal serorfty *fe to he ei
<J*Dj?red. ~Tb<?te imi llever been any rruoo
bis tiatttrfor aaeh apprehension: 'Indeed, tl
nteet ample ayidftnee to the mm? bneell (I
wbils ex>si?d.a*d bee?opejrto ihefcjnapeet io
U U,found in joee.rly all tb? pub)io speech
of hint who now aiidr<??g you, 1 dd' V
<jttote'fro*i '6** tit' tlK*e eps?eh)a* Whfen I d
elare that I base na-perpoee. direetlv or M
root It, to htwftw - (be inMitulisn
: V&q? ?>
believe } Umm ,ta?rf(* right to do so. nod
have at laofittatlob W <fo m>. Tho?e who bo*
nataMHf dWI>A?* d? *> with*?& know
edge that I li?4 made ibis and many other sim
u. ' ui'W >*?. ?w?
"irifrTfittrV tlftw. ikU, t)nj pUcid'ln thiamin (for
tor.W * tof,*0 f"
to >?. tb* aWu rtt*}M<rok %*?<
lM?nUt ' ?iU .. (frit w.-rt
rV *Mt UM tukinUmiiwe, fn^Mti
onii? rigMrof ?b? SUt?, tort ecpwMly ^
or
ih* Uv\*9* Pj ?na?d fc*o? qtf tbe *
; " '
; reclaiming of what we call future slave*, nn<1 !
; (lie intern ion oi the law given* is U?? law. All
i {members of Congress swear their support to
the vf)?ole Constitution, to., this provision, as
] mnoh as to any ether. To the proposition.
1 I then, that slaves whoso cases come within the
j terms of this olnuse, shall he delivered up, their
i : oaths are unanimous. Now. if they would
I make '.he effort in good temper, could they not
! with nearly equal unanimity frame and pass ft
* I law hv mnnnn of ?M?h In k?n <
/ "" - vr fkV** + i
unanimous oath? There is some dlHetence of]
t opinion whethef tliis clause should be enforced
, by national or by State authority ; but surely
that difference is not * very material one ; if
# the slave is to be surrendered, it can he of but
* little conuqaonoe to him or to others by whloh
- authority it is done; and should ?ny one in
any one be oontent that his oath shall go unkept
t n a merely unsubstantial controversy as
' to how it shall be kept t . Again, in any .law
upon this subject, ought" hot all the safeguards
of liberty known ip civilized and humane jurisi,
prudence ta be introduced, so that a free man
t be not in any enso surrendered a* a slave. and
might it net. be well, ?t the same time, to proP
vide hy law for the enforcement of that clause
f in the Conititiitiou which guarantee* that "the
!. eitieens of each State shall be entitled to all
? privileges ami immunities of citizens in the
several States."
I take the official ontli to-day with no mental
8 reservations, and with no purpose to construe
the Constitution or laws bv any hypocritical
1 T .1.. -1-1 -r
U | ruir> i aim wunr i u<> iiui uiioiiiip now 10 ?[it?ciiy
I particular acts of Con^rent an proper to be en*
I force-l. I do sugCHi Hint it will lie much safer
~ for nil, liotli in offloial and private stations. lo
conform to and aliid* hy nil those act* which
I, Mm ml unrepealed than t<> violate any of lliein,
truHiinf? lo find Impunity in having them held to
4 he unconstitutional,
Ii in seventy iwo yen is ?iuc? the first jnanyuu
ration of a President under onr Nntinnnl Cotistie
tnlimi. During thai pet i?d. fifteen diffe ent and
greatl-* diatimrundied citizen* have in succession
9 adminl*t*red I he Executive brunch of the Gov
o eminent. They hav? conducted it through
is many peril*, him] generally with ereat success.
Yet. Willi "II iIiIk ai:"p? for precedent, I now en
ler upon the nam* t ank for Ihe brie*" f'oiiMitu?
r lioiiiif term ??f four years, under treat nod pecu?*
liar i'ifflcitlii'-c. A dirroption of th- F?-iler*l
h Union, heretofore mentioned, is now fnrniid?id>
_ ntl'-niftrd I hold that. in uunlfiitpl-iiion 01
universal law mid of the Con-tiiutioo. th->
I Union of the?s State is psr|wtu>il. Perpetuity
! is implied, if not expre?8ed, in the fundamental
:t | law of national Governments. It is snie to ni?.
\ tort ilmt. nn f <iv?irt>i?i**nt. vrnmap ?uf ? ?i?i
' visions in its organic law for it* own termination
* Continue to execute all the pxt>r<-its provis'ona of
i8 oor national Constitution Hiid th- Union will ent
dure forever; it heioir im|tos*ih e to ileatroy it
except by mime action not provided for in (!
instrument itself. Again. if the United Males
'l I. not m Government uroper, but an association
of >tru?n in ili?< nntnre of contruct merelt. onn
? it, nan contract, lie pr>ictic?hly unmade by 'ess
tlian nil tlia parties wli"? made it? On** party
1 In a contend nniy violnte it l>r?-hk it, on t<> spe.ik.
but d<>^s it not requite all to l.i wlully rescind it |
is Descending front these genet al principle*. we
j. find this proposition, that in legal complication,
. the Uu?on is perpettt'il, tiunfiriind b\ the Union
it?elf. The Union i* much ol<ler limit tlie ('cm<1
atilution; itWHaforti.nl in fact by the at tides
; of association in 1774. It was matured ami con
., tinnd bv ilio Ueuluratton of Inilcepndenre iu
h l<r76'
It was ftirtli-r matured and the faith of all
these thirteen States expressly pledged and ?un
trag-H that it should be pai-pi linil. The Articles
t- of Confederation in 1778. and finally in 1787,
jt one of tlta "declared object* for ordaining and
establishing the Constitution ?ra? to form a more
perfect Union. But if destruction of I lie Union
*1 by one or by a part only of the States Iw law ?
}r fuliy possible, the. Union is less perfect than befi
fore?the Constitution having lost tite vital element
of parpetnity. li follows from these views
' that no ^tute. upon its own mere motion, can
lawfully go out of the Union ; that resolves and
ordinances to lhat effect are legally void, and
that acts of violence within any State or Statea
against the authority of the United Stales, me
^ insurrectionary or revolutionary, according to
s circumstances. 1, therefore, consider that, in
I(J view of the Constitution and the laws, the Un
ion is unbroken, and to the extent of my ability,
1 I shall lake cajr<v as the Constitution itaelf exI'
preasly enjoins upon me, that the law* of the
c- Union be faithfully executed iu nil the States.?Doiutf
this. I deem to be only a simple duty on
ipy part* and I shall perfo/m it, so far as practicable,
* til Biy rightful master, the American
t* people, shall withhold ihf rrquirite irteans.KJr,
d in soma Hiuliqrised manner, 4ir,rct the contrary.
;r -1 trust litis will not be regarded ti a mentice, but
-as ihr 1'eclared purpose of the Union, that it.will
'* coiislitoiionully (defend aud maintniu ncelf. In
s* doinir tliis;-thweTieed be no b!oedsl>erfor violence,
in and there shall be none, quit** it b? ftxced upon
llf national authority. The power confided 10
n" me will lie u?e<Hd hold, oocnpy'and portess the
p>uporby ?n:i piacri oeiougiug JO the UOVe n*
q, ineut, and tocollsct tbe dmies and impoei*, but
beyond what may hi necessary for these objects,
| there Will be no invasion, no axing of force
* ?gmin?t or iniont :lie peoplr nnywhet*. Where
>7 hostility to'tlte United Stales in any interior lote
eafity shall be so grent end so" unusual as to pre,y
Tent competent resident citizen* from bo,ding
, the Federal offifcet, tliere will be no attempt it
force obnoxious strangers arn?Mig'thr people for
ibafcobjeo'. While the strict legal right may
exist in the Government to enforce the exercise
of these ofBoea. the tempi to do m> would be
Irrational, and so nearly impracticable withal,
1, that | deein it better to forego for the time the
tnea.or%OeH"of!b?". The mki!i>, tnilene repelled,
will continue tojb^ furnished .in 4U puf?e of the
!n Pnion. So far, af poftwhle, the peopfe every where
i- shaHliiiva thai sense of p*rCr**t security which is
se moat favorable to cool thought and reflection.?
ie The course here indicated will hn followrd, nui?
low emrrent ai'?t ?K?il ..
e- modification or cbanv# to be proper; and in
I every rue and ?-*igeucy, my be?t discretion will
tf he >*?rc>?pil according toclicnmitan'je* actually
at nifiiug,nq(t villi e ?i#w mid ? |??>pe of price
it. ful >iolu.ir>n of il?e national troubles. Mid lh? rrnto
le ration 01 fraternal nympathirs ihil Aft- etinn*
of ,'Thnt'f.brre ?r? poisons > one section or nn..ilifi
i j wUv sct-k 10 dqstmy ihV Uuina at all ev*nti>, and
u any pretext Ui'ilo ii?l will
g. affirm of d?nv, Itu* ?f ttj>?e b? sneh, I nred ?d
10 dw? ijo a;?ird to Uitini To Up***, lil'WrVrr. wh?>
ft ' tlic Union, may I not speak
H. nteiHii*. upou io(ra?* i matter hs th? <Wtrw.et
?wii of our national labrk}, wuh all iu brpetiu,
ut lie NMMUftM, W hopes f WtHlld il no I Im> wise
:trt.i?see*iaw precieety why arc -do h t.- Will yon
||. h: sard en d??p?rate a step wJmIs-there ia any
0f possibility that anv portfem of tbe *?1 < ' jou fly
..j from bavn no >?it 4ai*&-n?*.t " Willi V?U. "wllllr
I th? ceroiu ill* jtmi Uj io *?e greater lima all
|. llM r?AlOBM >u>i fky* ftotu. Will JT'rtJ fUk lh?
nowinaiMton ul ao Onrfe) n I Alt (Hrotrw
i i(> U ifiniiranr ift ft* Uutob, ifkll oiiniiiuiMml
rlcbii e?ii be niHtptaM'' I? ik irutt lb*.n,-Uwi
' itiiy ri?h', pliMtly wiU"'i <u >fa? i'winliiuiion liu
* It 4 ienirdr I fhiu> H*t.
^ VrthWn m lid liifco cO"?liloK*<i.
MP r??ch W tile auiauitv of ilo.i?Mf
LhiC. TJiink, ?l n ? l>XT** in?l?iM*, in
tinMrtivivp'i inly ?*Vitl$fe |?roTiiioh r>f (!)#"<$>? >*f
d??W* M i>y *hf
r*;.jn^ fcie*. of iiumfora* majority ahoula dtcjknVli
ii'lniJibl'tlv ^ m tli'trl* Wr1?iJn rn
of j it mitthi. in m m<>r?J |x?int .-of
?n w>t:?uv ea*v! Alt' Ute vital r\ftktm W mi*?ri
- ?i?S?3&PSS tiunsMfeAK
ever n majority refuses to be controlled by such
minority. For instance, why may not any
portion of * newrConfederacy, a year or two
hence, arbitrarily.- swccd* again, pfi-oitely as,
portions of the present IJnion now clam to Kitcede
from it f All who cherish disunion ntitnents,
are no > being educated to the exact
temper of doinc thia
la th?ro such perfect identity of intere*ta
monir the States lo compoae n new Union to
promote harinonj' only, and prevent renewed
r=ece?*ionf Plainly the central idea of secession
ia the essemce of anarchy. A niHjority
held in restraint by constitutional checks and
limitntions, ar.?l always changing easily with
deliberate changes of popular opinions and
s<-nti moil I*, is the only true sovereign of a free
people. Whoever rejects it, does of necessity,
fly to anarchy or despotism. Unanimity is
impossible. The rule of minority, as a permanent
rrargement, is wholly inadmissahle ; so
that, rejecting the majority principle, anarchy
or despotism in some form, is all that i3 lfft, I
do not forget the position assumed by some, i
that constitutional questions are to he decided j
fiv ill** Simr??mp Court. \nr <l<t T ilnnv ilmf i
siK'li decisions must lie binding in ntiv cose
opoii the parties to a suit. A? to the object of
that suit. while the- are also entitled t<? very
high respect and consideration in all parii'lel
case* hy all other departments of the Govern
ment; and while il I* obviously passible tlipt
such decision mny he eironeou* in any given
rasp. mtill the ovil effect following lis hein(?
limited l<> meet that particular case, with the.
chance that It mny be over ruled aud never
becomo o precedent for oilier cases, can belter
be borne than eouhl tlie evils of n different
practice. Ai tlie same time llie candid citizen
must confess Hint, if the policy of ihti Government
upon vital questions nff?-ctiii(; M.e whole
people in to be irrevocably fixed by decisions j
of t lie Supreme Courts, the instant tliev are)
1 mail" in ordinary 1 iti^ution between |uuLk>s in |
persons! actions, tlie people will have ceased j
to be their own ruler?. having to that extent!
practically resigned their (ioveruinent into the |
hand* of that eminent t.-i- until. Nor is there j
in this view. a?y niMin the court and j
| judifi-s 1? is a duty fioin winch they may not |
; shrink to d? eii'e caiis of piope-ty fought tie- !
I fore ihem. and it is -io In nit of ilieiis if otl.ers !
j seek to liirn their d*ci>'o|is to political ptirpo- j
;?cs One eeel'on of oil" country ' 'it-ve? slave |
I rv i? r: 'lit an ! night to h" extend.'d. while 11.?
oilier l.? :?v.'? if is wronir and oii^ht tint to b"
? xten.)- .l This is the only ?u'i<taiitiAl dispute, j
An lo tli * fugitive slave chimin of the ConstitII- I
lion mid the law for ibe suppression of the for- !
eijrn niave trade, (as nearly os any law an |
ever I.e ill a fmi.nitlfi'V w here the moral mji.ee I
of llie people iniperlevlly supports tin* law j
ilsel'.) the j?reat body of the people a'?ide i
the dry lei/al oliliuntion in both eases, and .1 t
j feu l>reak nriTkkoIi. I think the*- i-uinot. Ii.? ,
i pcrl- cllv cured, niial it would be ?'ni> in Imlli j
I Ci<f?e?. sf'ler (lie separation of the feel inns limn |
before. "1 lie foreign slave trade j> now iuiper- j
feet I v snpere^ed. and would he ultimately re-> \
vlvitl wit limit re>iirii*i inn hi ?n?? Se-tion, while j
fugitiveslave*. now oiil\* parltalU suo endured. I
would 1101 lie inirri'iiilt'r"d lit nil liy the other, i
Physically speaking. we cannot separate?we |
cannot remove our respective sections from
chisIi oilier, nor build hii impassable wall between
them. A husband ami wife may he di
vorc'ri. and go ool of the prer-ence and beyond
the reach of each other, hut I ho different purls
of our country cannot <lo this They cannot
but leinniii luce to face, and intercourse. cither
amicable or hostile, must continue between
iliein. In it possible, then, to make ih it interoonr?^
more idvan>m?enu<? or more satisfactory
after separation than before I Can aliens muke
treities easier than friends can make laws?
Oan treaties ho more faithfully enforced between
aliens than laws can among friend* t
Suppose you go to war, you eaui'Ot fight always,
and when, after much loss on L^th sides,
and no train on either, y<-u cease fighting, tbo
identical old question, as to terms of inter
course arc again upon yon. This eountry, with
its institutions, belou a tolhs people who in
habit it. Whenever the}* shall grow weary of
the existing Government, they can exercise the J
Constitutional ricrht to anient! it, or the revoln
tionary*right to d.smeojber 01 overthrow it. I
cannot be ignorant of the fact that inany
patriotic citizens are desirous of having the
unuuimi vuiiBiiiiitiuu ninenaeti. While I tmike
no recommendation of amendment, I fulI3,*
recognize the rightful authority of the people
oyer the whole suWjeot, to be exorcised ill either
of the'modes presented in the instrument
itself, and I should under existing circumstances.
favor rather than oppose a fair opportuuitv
-being aflfurded the people to act upon it. I
will venture to-add that to me the convention
Mode seems preferable,, in that it allows
amendments to originate witii the people them
selrea, inslend of only permitting them to take
or rep?Lpr">po?itious originated by others not
especially chosen for the purpose, and which
might not be precisely such as they would
wish to e ther acccpt or refuse. I understand
a proposed amendment to the Constitution,
which amendment, however, I hav? not seen, !
nivt jmrwru UOIigrers, m vne enr<5L mat Uie Kod
eral Government shall never interfere with the
Horn stfo instil utiomi of the States, including
tbntot persons held to aervioe.
To avoid misconstruction of what I hove
said, I depart from my purpose not to speak
of particular amendment*, so far as to any that,
holding such a provision to pow he the implied
construction of the law, I have no objection to
being made exprer* and irevocnhla The
.Chief Magistrate derives nil his authority from
"the people, pnd'they have conferred none upon
him to nx terms fur the separation of the States.
The people theraae' ves ?an do this also if the)'
choose, but the Executive, us such, has nothing
to do with it; hie duty is to administer the
present Government ?a it came to his hand*,
and to transmit it unimpaired by him l'> his
successor. Why should there not be a patient
confidence in wht? ultimate-justice of tin- people?
Is there any bat ter or equal hope in the
world ? 'In our prea?nt ^ifTerehres. is either
party yiihout faith ol being in the rjght ?
M?y tfii' AlliiigtitV Ruler of nation*, with his
eU-rital truth, be ou your aide of rhe North, or
ou '.ouiiuf the ^ouili 1 hat truth mid that
juilice wil'Miiviy pJVVrtil ill- judgment of
Ill-it jifeut. I rililihnl, the Amnricnii people. By
llie form <>t kUVeliilDviit u.i|<|rl \ilin:|i we live,
11.?? mine li i'v< tviiii-iy u!t?iiiMr|inb1ie
ervaHtp - It>tie |K>wt-r for UiI, aixl
have \% !l? qutii \i it>>j?in pr?>viuid t->r tlie return
*nf i It hi. little in rfi'tsr own hiitnlit At. v?rv
j #ti?m itit<*ry*l??' Wiul* the peoplo rof.iHi thrii
| virtue uiufclimnwirntiwi, l?y *nv
f exi!en:?- ??? wu'tc?lii?s? *>r*l<?ll> oan v. iy wri
rioiMt)' Injure the Gi?V??riiri;iiit in I!?'- *Hori
t ul tuur V C,ll V- :Hy UUllUllpU!li,J |l?ll)k
unllliilly Mllii *?-ll llJ'Oll I his wJllllv Dlilljl-I'l. )
* Nothing vwloatitc chiiii* Iimm ?>y tnkliig '
I ,JLI tkv1'*' hurry iimv ?l you i>. |
hot hn*i<< to a ?tr|. winch ymi wo.iini tti-ver
t?kc df iiberii'Vly. tIr4t ?il.j?-vi will !>? 'frij?(. i?tfii f
uy imUiiui a?. gvud nlg^ct jl/h l>t>
' .frustrated l?y ii. hueh iif you R.-t ?rc d Mufti a- J
fiwl (lilt, the oiit C"in*t4tutruri ?tiini|>aiiv<i, j
HU?I Ilia Mt?UIVr J'QMit liu- lnwu ut^iiur !
own (ruining umier It, W.litv- I lie itrw adiniiil* :
tratiert Hilt M<ri no letutdv, tf it uhouiil j
ohftiucr ejUn-r.v-i? it were adorned <bm you
*_!../T. - j? ' ?i... ....i.i .1.1 . .L
w?iu mr uwtvivuru nviu ?? - rijjuv Fine ill iue
1 d*|<ulf, thrtte 7* ih> Ifltflf gdod lvt?ort Kir |?r?* i
OfiW' ? >Vu., l?felli|{t:Mc?r-p?triwii<iei, ohm
; umiiIV. mii(1 V?rin reliance on Itim wliu !;?
n**ir;'fi>r#i?k>i? tlii*"1 Moored Jtiwf, nrir^till
, <wN*fM?*fcto ?dju?i ill our pr^Miat) fiicttUie*.
Ijo ^oi)r-L?itiia. uiv 4'iMHiiHed fritndg mid ix/untfymeii.
?nd iiot iu mine. i? the tin niontous j?- 1
- ** war, Thi Government will uofcaa
Mi jou. Yuu cud litvc no conflict witUout
fi*ing,'yuur?*iv?.* ike nggret*dr?. y?>ur hltve ?o
; k?tfcvi?g*Ur?d inil?tv.(B u> d?0Vf?>' U??Q?t
O^BMwfc so/tfBan
MlDptefrt, protect arid defwnd' it. I ?m
?|<Oi b?u*?? tfa^troor* ?Wt ORM&fo
I >*I>?UIKU U TIM d^Mir vMrtfe of-.'
^^3w^gry4t?>erery loflijf jk?Jr^i^o?e
Jto&mP oof bttM- tahifvur yrt ?#^l the
3BSW535SSS5!$.
r t
Ji|e ftbbebilie
ABBEVILLE, S. O. '
W. A. LEE, ESITOB.
I 4
Friday Morning, March 8. 1861.
tar The friends of CAPT. JESSIE JAY,
announce him as a Candidate for MAJOR of
the Lower Buttalion of the Eighth Regiment
S. C. M.
THE PEACE COXVEBKirCB.
As all expected, the Peace Conference at
Washington failed in effecting anything 4ati?frtctory
to the South. The Conference adjourned
on the 27th ult, tin* die.
We would direct the attention of purchasers
to advertisement of Messrs. Black A Frank!.!*,
of Cokesbury, who now offer a large stoek #
goods at prices to suit the times. Give them
an early call.
ATLANTA MEDICAL COLLEGE.
We would direct efpeciulattention to the advertisement
of the Atlanta Medical. This college
affords every facility, and deserves the patronage
of the Southern people.
MAJOBAKDEIMOH.
Washington. March 5 ?M?jor Anderson up
to the 4th insl., has continued to epeak of his
cunditiun uss^fe. He expresses the opinion
t'.iiti reinforcement bad better not be sent to
liim.
ABKAN8AS FOB SECESSION.
We presume there is no further doubt abont
the State of Arkansas secsding from the United
St*tec. and joining the Confederate States.?
'Pi. ii - t - ?
?. in win en targe uie eeope ui our Territory,
add much to our strength an a nation.
military elections.
The following is the result of the rccentele??
I inn lor F eld Officer* iu the Seventh Regiment
South Carolina, Volunteers in Abbeville und
Diptricts:
Colonel?Tiiom.w Raoox, of Edgefield.
Lt. Colonel?It. A. Faib, of Abbeville.
Major?LImmkt 3eibi.es, of Edgefield.
lieutT colonel
We are pleaa?-d to Mnnounee to our reader*
that R. A. Faib, K.<q., of our Village, hasbeen
circled to t he office of Lt. Colonel^ in the Seventh
Regiment of South Carolina Voluuleera.
in Abbeville and Edgefield District. lie is
just the man to fill the office, and we know that
no better detection could have been inade.
NORTH CAROLINA. ELECTIONS.
The accounts of the recent eleotions in
North Curutinaaru so contradictory that we
are nnablr to form a correct idea of the result.
We fear, however, that "Old Rip" has notheen
sufficiently arouseil to a sense of her danger lo
throw off the yoke of Black Republican rule.
THE P08TAGE ACT.
It will he seen l#y reference to the Postage
Act. which paused the Southern Congress a few
days Hgo, that the rates of postage has beet*
considerably increased. Postage on lettera will
be five cent* instead of three cents, asunder
the old regime. Postage on papers published
weekly within the State cents per quarter '
in advance. Daily papers six times thi>t
amount. See the Act in full on our first pagf.
HOW. J. 8. PBESTON'8 SPEECH.
We huve the pleasure tliis week of presenting
to our readers the address, in part, of lion.
Joiik S. I'brjtok, our Commissioner to the Virginia
Convention. li has received the highest
encomiums from all uho have seen -aud read
it, aud we feel satisfied that none of our read*
ers will fail to give it a perusal.
LIBCOLJT8 CABINET.
The following are the members of Abe Li*?
coin's Caliinet:
Secretary of Slate?W. II. Seward, of Nt*
York. ^ ?Tio
Secretary of Treatury.?S. P. Cms*, of
Ohio.
Secretary of War?Simon Camebok, af Pcnu*
sylvania.
Secretary of Navy?S. Wella.
Secretary of Interior?C. SiilTii, of Indiana,
PoU Matter General?M. BlaIS, of Maryland.
SALE DAT.
About the usual number vera in attendaoae
| last Sale Daj. Considerable property was ax;
ponoil to sale, and w,as bid off at reduced prices.
The valuable bouse and lot of Mr. II. T.
Tustes, was sold for tbe sum of $'2,000, at 60
days rime?Mr. W. James Lovax; tbe purchase
?r. This house and lot would ltave brought
mure than doable that amount six or eight
month' ago. A like uegm woman about tweo.
j ty yenrs, with hej, child four .years ,of age.
WHi soil] for $1,2<H), cii?b. Other negroes waro
sold alvout the ?*me proportion.
OyR COURT.. .
This week onr Court is in session, his Honor,
Judtcti Gloved presiding. The Judge', with'his
r unual ofturtesy to tiie'Brir, dispatches tha* busi|
? e*? Hi m speedy meaner. The old business of
i;th? Oowj-tj i<?uetU4r With the n?jrjjw?U op<)?Py
, Mit cntiru ye.>e(fWe bore rery few Statqca<eS;
Hiiti I bene of not much importance. The
Solicitor, lion. J. P. Keed, will hava but lit?
tir- io da.' ' - - r
\Y>- Ii.ive hud fine*w<>'ft'lher daring Um pfescDi
w.ck. e?i'?ptn few March'winds. The atjeii.isuce
wud ?lx>uf th? baaal number, ^nd;w*s
noted fur iU uuuaual sobriety and QjiierJ^/too*
duet.
W notice Vhe foDowirtg1 Vifltftfjr 6<?hib**il of
the U?r from the rHjiinlnj ITimlita.:.PIT*
^ullivam and U. L. JIcGowan, of Ltwcii;
CN*y Sintycjftif ti frforrf; f't. tfigif i.
O. (V^wfaiwoii ?kd 4on^fanuitiw?< of
4t.dra.'?; -4^ yi
iipanut noli VMiqwMb^
. W^ufcT...,
OM,
coju maugurwl m a d*ol*r?tion of wir.
" n..b. Joi.6 tui ?ifra*b4-,iirh? T^nwU ee
to pr#^rrfb*#ar ^the'^ert''??lW of
pmreqfclag it. ^uSAeOoelifeeei of. He^r?Xe*k,
and mtoy North* ri^I>?iQoe^tv*^.*H?g of
the Jp*
awss^aa
im.
miill*^ |uwH? "\f
. floo. M.rtm ^?f^Tor4? ^eorgt^n. of