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IN LIFE'S DISASTROUS SCENES, TO O I HERS DO, CAM DEN Number 34. CAMDEN, S. ^PfH? fw A ZETTE Thursday, November 21, 181G. Volume WHAT YOU WOULD WISH liY OTHERS DONE . TERMS : J he price to Subscribers is $3 fier annum , exclusive of posrage ; and in all cases where papers shall be delivered at the expense oj the publisher ^ the expense -miH be $*>3 50 a years to be paid six months ofter subscribing. It is expected) however, that subscribers li ving at a distance , from the inconvenience of collection* will pay in advance. Terms of advertising in this Gazette. Advertisement* not exceeding eight lines * noill be printed for fifty cents, for the first publication , and half that price for every subsequent insertion. ' Larger advertise ments will be charged in proportion . *?* A liberal discount will be made on the \ bills of those who are constant or considerble customers in this line. tjt Ij no directions are given with an ad - ver'isement , it will be continued till forbid . We are authorized to state that Mr. DAVID bVANS is a candidate for the office of Clerk of Kershaw District, at the election to take place in J anuary next. November 14, 1816. We are authorized to state that SAMUfcL BROWN, Esq is a can didute lor the Office of Clerk of tiie Court of Kenhaw~DmiTCt. October 24. liooks 6c Stationary. FOR SALE AT THE POST OFFICE, The Naval Monument. Containing Official and other accounts of all the Battles fought between the Uni ted states ^nd Great Britain? also, Historical Sketches of the late War. ? Dr. Ewe US Domestic Medicine, Together with a varietv of other BOOKS ana ST AT ION A R Y. .^October 3, 1816. " . K _ Notice. - persons having1 demands against the estate of JOHN ADAMSON, de ceased will render them, properly attest ed to either of the subscriber* ; aud all those indebted to the estate will please call and settle the same. LEW IS CIPLES, > Qualified JOHN BOYKIN.5 Ext Tutors. Camden, Oct. 24* 1816. ? 0-6 , \ noticeT RICHARD, a yellow Fellow, who was committed the 4th day of Decem ber test, as a e?mmoft runaway, and who hat been duly advertised in the State Ga zette, without any person conung forward to claim him ; these are tqjfive public no tice, that on the 5th day o^ December next, between the hours of tett And eleven^ the said Richard will be exposed to sale, lor gaol fees and ot he r la u 1 u I expetfces, unless bia said master comes forward, proves pro perty, pays charges, ind takes hqpfaiiay. jWM. BHASINGTON. Gaols* Jor Krrakaw District , 5* C. November, 7 ? ?8I6. 33 F SALE jkUL -HL rh fawMrt<r -i-li, s J BY virtue qf sundry executions to me direct ' "*1 will be soTd tin the yirst Monday and in December next , before the mrt* House in Camden , within the legal ho ht9 of Sale> - XTEEN Saddles, levied on as the pro perty of Burwell Lucy, at the ^suit of ?liam K. Picket. INE Prime NEGROES, levied on as he property of Isaac Duboae, deceas the separate suits of Benj? Bineham, William Nixon, Abraham Blanding cash, purchasers to pay for Bills of Hale* R ANCIS S- LEE, Sheriff. Ctmdcli^av. 11,1816. NOTICE*, ^ I FOR Sale, Two LOTS, ?ne situate on the corner of Broad fe Rihlc^c streets the other adjoining it fronting on Rutledge stit having on them a good two story dwel ling home, calculated for a store, a kitchen, j smoke house, stable anri carriage house, and all' other necessary buildings for a family and a store ? For terms and futther par ticulars ap\>ly to the subscriber* KLIStlA beix. Camden, Aug. 13, 1816. 20tf Arts and Sciences. Of Panning upon Glass, and of Mosaick work in France. We have observed that the enamel is at tended with the inconvenience ot p**rlipp of when rubbed, and that by this means the painting rn a/i/irtC, or that which has been simply fixed upon the surface of the ghtss, may be destroyed by a strong acid ; this is an experiment which we have made to be convinced of the fact. No colours therefore but those that are amalgamated wnh the glass c*.n bs considered as indes tructible. The most ancient painted windows which we (>ossess in the museum of French monuments, belong to the twelfth century; we are far frum - praising tlic~design ofr these, but w: may say thai upon the whole they possess a character of grandeur ; bfct the colours as fine as those of Jean Cou sin, whose design isj admirable, and may be justly compared to the finest cartoon* of the great Italian masters. We say, car - toon * because the ancient painted windows in general, resemble mote a coloured de sign than a picture painted in oil ; but they a re not less precious on t h at account. The cartoons of Juiius Komain. in the Naoo leon Museum are as fine and as interesting as any of his in oil. Ji be genius of Ka phael is as grand in his Irtco paintings as -m his oil pictures. Invention, expre.sston~ and purity of design alofic consitute the grea painter, the manipulation of colours is but a secoiicnn y aid to the establishment of ihe work : it spreads agreeabl flowers around the figures, mellows the style, and seduces the spectator. When we si e, in the celebrated school of Athens by Raphael. lue sage Solon giving his laws to Grvi cc ; when we admiie, in the superb vaults of the Vatican, a God _tlie creator of aii things, by Michael Ao gelo, our whole soul is occupied in the grand conception of these masterpieces of art; we do not slop to injure by what v mean* the artis is thus enabled to fix our \ attention ; it is of no importance to us , whether the sublime woks which surround ;us were painted :n o 1 or al /rc?coy whe ther they are in enamel or Mosaick ; paint* ed upon glass, or mete coloured design. The modern artists 'nave cei tainly a great > advantage of ovt r the ancients, in glass paintings ; but they owe this advantage entirely to the modern discoveries in the art of making glass, and not to any im provement in that of painting upon it. Our ancient masters made use of leaden groove** as we have before remarked, to connect their pieces together, for two rea sons .* 1st. Because in their time the art of making large plates of glass was known : and 2d. because in incorporating the colour in the class by the action of a strong heat they were unable to obtain two lints upon the same piece. It is certain that t^e ancient painting glass dt serves to be admired, when we take in'.o consideration the many difficul ties which thvy had to overcome, to pro duce the eflectfc^which we perceive. Thf ancient manner of proceeding was as flbllAps S a cartoon Was designed in which the suSject was colon rid upon jfl^er, such . us it was intended to be on the glass. They then took pieces rrf glass which were .cut exactly according to patterns taken from the drawing, and on which the various parts of the figures were painted, so that when the pieces were joined together, they pre sented the whole picture, in such a way that the lead which connected thera toge ther did not interfere with any part of the ? figures o? drapery. When all the pieces are cut according to the drawing and size of the work, they are marked by notches or letters, that their proper places may be known ; and tb*n each piece is coloured, after the manner of the design. When the whole is finished, it is put into a fur* nance, where by a red heat, the colours are fixed, and rendered unchangeable by any i spfcies of agent. V The siibslar.ee* generally used for co louring the largest squares of glass, and Which are thrown into the crucibles before the glass is withdrawn, arc all derived from the metalttck kingdom. Cobalt is used for the blue. The different shades of red ami brown are produced by the oxide of iron of different degrees. The brown-red is given by the oxide of copper, as it is obtained ftom the bars of copper plunged red hot into water. The green is in like manner produced by copper dissolved in vegetable acids, or in other acids and pre cipitated by the fixed alkali. Glasses ot a purple colour are made with the ox.de of gold. One grain of gold will give a bril liant colour to lour hundred parts of glass. 1 heyettowis in tike manner prodflted by . aiijer, or by lead combined with antimony. |Ky Violet is obtained from a mineral substance, called Manganese. The gta?s e*Hhus prepared are ready 10 receive the designs ol the artists, the shades and dt mhinis, and ^re~ then again submitted to the fire. Painters upon class were for a long time confined in the execution of ornaments to the embroidery of their draperies which they found it imposible to obtain on a sin gle piece of glass, when John de Bruges, as able a Chemist as he was askiful point er, struck out a new advantage to this spe cies of pii n ti rig . TIfis arUaCTo whom We are indebud for the invention of oil paint ing, f Mind the means of fixing the colour ing matter at a ceitain thickness of the glass ; that is to say he had the art, by a proper direction of the fire, to arrest the progress of the colour at about one fourth the thickness of the glass, instead of suf fering it to penetrate through, so that the surface only whs coloured, while the bot tom of the glass remained pure and un touched. After having designed upon his pieces the ornaments with which he wish ed to enrich his draperies, he hollowed then out by means of emery and water, after the manner of engraving, ^intil he came to the white glass and took off the colouring ; he then formed his embrodery, either by introducing into the hollows thus turmed a new coveting nf goldxa^silveau_ar soine enamel which he submitted to the fire to obtain the desirtd effect. This beautiful process was generally imita'cd by the other painters of his time. Jean k ousin practised this art with con siderable success : in the Museum of French monuments, in thtr collection *>f the sixteenth century, is to be seen a full length portrait of Francis I. in the court $lress, of exquite beauty, and two iin tfiense windows on which are represetttfSf subjects taken from the apocalypse# in winch this artist has combined all the ele gancies of the art, Ilis manner is fine, grand and free ; it is remarkable in this, . that it perfectly resembles those drawings of our gFfeat masters, that are called car toon* ; the turn and expression of the fi gures are admirable, and these superb paintings have rather the appearance of having been done on canvass than glass. Jean Cousin gave to his draperies the most strong and brilliant colouring ; he produc ed it by means of the metallick oxides of gold, silver and copper, and its being made to penetrate the glass by the action of the fire, rendered it perfectly transput cut. ; to form the shades which he did with the oxide of iron* went over his work a se cond time, and then submitted the whole to the furnace. We will seize this opportunity to re move, if possible, a prejudice prevalent among some people who still consider the art of painting upon glass, as a secret ; and they generally say when speaking of it that fAi? Btcret it /o?f. The art of paint ing upon glass, the discovery of which was made in France, never has been a se cret. What has been taken for a srerrt is nothing more than the art of so heating the glass as not to destroy the colours Which had been applied to it, and to preserve them in that strength which it was desra bie to give to the picture. It is the degree fof beat so difficult to manage, and which ?bakes the same colours, in the hands of Jtifferent artists, produce very different ef fects. This difference in strength of co louring obtaindteaially in oil painting / for every jpne may observe, withobt being a connoisseur, that two painters who employ the same colours* often produce pictures wIiom harmOMy of colouring is altogether difftiM0t even supposing that the two art ists nWe c6pied from the same living mo del. ^This difference therefore depends nponThe moral and physical organization of the artist ; and it ia this consideration which haa necessarily produced those sin gular shadowing* and infinite varieties in the paintings upon gl&aSj_not forgetting at the the same tim^^Mj^kjiicb laJon^ ex* clusivcly ta the mtiipttl of, the fire.* The use of painted windows was v#T J common at a time, wfcen religious enth^" siasm, by intimidating j>* mind, produced in men a state of perpetual aaelancehdly, I which so enfeebled them, that they were absolutely unable to aupport the light of I ^hc sun, and were compelled to resort to some means of weakening- its effects* 'l'he coloured windows, with whicji temples were then adorned were necessary* 1st* to bi ing to the imegiuation of the pious, the mysteries of ihe worship to which they were devoted ; 2d. to give to the place of m c ct ing .a lioi capahlc nf ex ril ing a my*; irk _ devotion, as it is the practice in convent* to perfume the cells with the most delici-' - ous odours in order to provoke the imagi nation and produce extatlck feelings ; and 3diy to preserve them l'rom the ardour of the Sun. It is acknowledged that the pre* sence of the sun inspires gaiety ; that it , deviates the feelings of the coldest heart ; this it was desirable to prevent.? Thus painting upon glass was for a long time the only species of painting practised \x\ France, if we except the miniatures upon vellum, which were fabncaicd in the sil ence of the<rfTfisters. In the progress of civilisation, this art gained new vigodr. From this time paint Inps upon glass were to be seen in the pal aces of sovere gni and the castles of princes, representing agreeable scenes, and subjects taken from ancient mythology { thus in 1542, Benard Paltry executed lor Anne de Montmorency, the fable of Psy che and Cupid from the cartoons of lUv phiel. The same artist executed several other paintings also for the constable) N^hich still serve as a study for young artists. At the present day painting upon glass has received a new eclat by a process, for whose discovery we are indebted to the in defatigable Zeal of an artist, who has de voted himself to the impioveMcIU of co lours for the use pain ers. It would be at; easy matter now to ornament the windows of palaces in a manner which should be at once agreeable, and instructive to youth, by respesenting upon them the heroiefc deeds of our modern annals. From a vicious taste which prevailed in the last century, the beautiful painted win* dows which udotned our churches were suppressed und^r different pretexts. As an excuse it was said that Ihey produced too great an obscurity ; Chat most of the subjects which were represented upon them discovered nudities and even obsceni-., ties. It is wtll known, however, that most of these paintings were represent! tions of the vices personified ; and that these images were exposed to the eyes ofe the multitude to strike imagination and in spire a greater aversion for the exposed * it was thus that the Lacedemonians their slaves to exhibit themselves dVtMtk^ before their children that they migfitoe detered from practising so degrading a vice. [ Frim the Carolina 7elcg+afih, 8 th inst\ } it is a fluttering circumstance in favor of the South Carolina College, that fourteen of the members elect of the ensuing legis lature, are graduates of this College which was first opened in 1H05. We hope the confidence of their constituents will be am ply rewarded by an able and efficient dis charge of legislative duties. ji Valuable A Jan. ? David Wilson, of Port William, Gallatin county. Ken. is ?3 years of age* He had four wives, fend by them Jortxj two children. His oldest child is but 16 years younger than himself. His second wife had five children at two births in eleven months. Mr. Wilson Is ?' na tive of Pennsylvania ? converses with ease and affability, and supports his family by labour. y He has worn a hat twenty years wl*M. still passably decent. The matrimonial blacksmith of Gretna Green, having hound an old lady apd a youth of unrazor*d iips in the silk bond of wedlock* observed to a friend," I trav# just tied a withered stick and a green twig together with a cobweb. A Gentleman having married a lady of the name of lamb, who had very little beauty, but a very great fortune, was told by an acquaintance that he would not have taken the lathb had U not been for the mint saucer - - ? a; On the fashion of ladies carrying their * watchca In their bosoms. Among our fashionable* bands, No wonder now if time should linger.' AUow'd to place hii two rude hands * Where others dare not lay * finger*