Camden gazette. (Camden, S.C.) 1816-1818, November 14, 1816, Image 1
Number 33. CA\II>EN, S. C.
b*i bv
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Thursday, November^! 4, 1816. Volume T
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October 3, 1816.
Hkpnn
rig
andSrienre.t.
Of Painting upon Glasa, and of Mosaick
work in t'runce.
[Translated frotn the French.^
The fabrication oF coloured glass
is very ancient; domestic and oth
er utensils, as well^as the glass
paste, in imitation of precious stones
which we have derived from the
Egyptians, Greeks and Roitians,
prove thac the ancients were ac
quainted with the artr.f colouring;
glass, as welLasol enamellhg earth
and metals. It is certain that when
flat square pieces of glass " were
substituted, in the place of Alabas
ter and Talc, f? r( che windows of
temples, palaces and private dwcl
tif pleas orey
aha child of ease, produced the de
sire of dfreorating these same win
dows, and of representing upon
them, either agreable subjects of
the fsncy or historical facts.
'Painting upon glassy the period
of whose invention is tarrifcd as. far
back ai the time of Cimabuus, was
therefore, in its oqgin? nothing
more than a painting ot ornament,
and it is in this regard only that we
are to consider our ancient win
dows,; since they were generally
painted in flat broad tints, very lit
tle shaded; but so varied by the
most lively colours, ^thaf" (hey
still present the resemblance of a
psrmrr enameled withilowersv
Weai*e of opiuion, likewise jthat
the employment of the Mosaick in
the interiour decorations, had some
hand* In fitrikifig out the invention
of pai?i*mg^Kpofi gfass!^ The Mo
saick, as is <wtll ignowU^fcon^ts
III its fabrication, of small pieces
of glass coloured and enameled^ in
'^c manner the first painted win
fs were nothing more than
11 piecetjtf coloured class, at
td to each other by means of
Jen grooves, which gave them
irmness, by confining them in th^
frames, and which formed a sort of
picture, ih the same manner that the
inlaid stones ami pieces of glass
held together in a mastick or by a
cement, prodtice the painting which
is called Mosaick. We are further
tempted to believe that, "in che
commencement of painting upon
glass, the figures were traced in wa
ter colours, or with colours diluted
with egg water or varnish, upon
white glaas, as the glases of the ma
- ? ? ; . ? ? ? ? v. '
gick lanterns arc made at the pre-^
sent day, before it Was thought oy
to^colour the glass by means of fire
for ifo execution of moi% perfect,
and apjjbie pictures. 1
Before we proceed further on
the subject- of painting nport glass J
we shall say a few words upon du?"
art of fabricating the Mosaicks, an i
art which we consider as much the
. more ancient of the two.
* The Mosaick, considered as a
species of decoration, took its rise i
?in the train of the imitative arts;1
and, from its oiigin, was employed
by architects in thier puWick mon- <
uments, either in incrustation or in
pavement. It ig much to be desir
ed that oar skilful architects, in
imitation of the ancients, would still I
continue to employ this interesting J
art, which is susceptible o i the {
grandest effects. 1
Before the Mosaick arrived at ]
perfection, it was the practice to
incrustate in the walls and floors,
flint-stone, silver, pieces of colour
ed glass, pastes and plates of cmt
mel or of marble; by degrees, how
ever, this which was carefully culti
vated, obtained such favor in Greece
gaged in it, aud the magnificent pic-f
turcs which they thus produced* are
mentioned by several historians.
Pliny speaks of a certain Sosus, who
worked at Pergamos, and who ex
erted in the an of fabricating, the
Mosaick.- In 1763, several pieces
of Mosaick work were discovered
at Pompci, the w or k oi li
if wti ma believe the inscriptions
Upon them.
The French also fabricated this 1
sort of work; but as^ they had no
knowledge of its ruJeiot principles, 1
they produced nothing but figures
without form or shape, as may be
seen in the Museum in the tomb of
of the qneen Fredegonde, who died I
in 597. t- ? -]
Ih the eleventh century^ this art
was also practised in France-, and
there is to be seen in the Museum^
a Mosaick work, representing a de
votee upon his knees, who appears
to be the author of the picture . in
In which he is represented, if we
may suppose that the inscription
was made at the sarrte time with the
pictur**:-?- it is this ; Bono f rater bare
ecdesice fait hoc opus.
The practice of Mosaick work
was perpetuated in spite of the ig
norance which reigned in those
arts, depending upon design; it was
cultivated at Home towards the
fourteenth century, and at Florence
a century afterwards. A president
of the parliament at Paris, David,
t being at the last mentioned town,
ordered to be made under his own
eyes and at his own expence, a
Mosaick which is dated 1500, and
which represents the Virgin, seated
i witfi the infant Jesus on her knees,
1 accompanied by two Angels in ado
! ration This picture is now in the
Museum.,
Towards the end of the last cen
tury, a taste fot the Mosaick pre- ]
vailed at Rome, and the last popes
expended considerable sums to sup
port and encourage the ablest art
ists, whose talents they were jeal- j
ous of engaging exclusively to |
themselves, i *y thier orders, the
most beautiful pictures which had
been painted by Raphael for the de
coration of the Vatican, were ex
ecuted, the full size of the originals,
and these superb monuments; which
fhave resisted all^thcravage^-'of cime*
noW constitute the ornament of the
The French government at length,
desirious of rivaling Italy in this
species of painting, established,1
some years ago, at Paris, a school
for Mosaick work, for the employ
ment of the deaf and dumb. The
direction of this little philanthro
pic k academy, is confided to M.
Belloni, a Roman Mosaist, and al
ready these unfortunate children,
taught with so much zeal and care,
have fabricated pieces of Mosaick,
which may stand a compari on with
those of the be^t Italian artists.
Let us now return to the painting
Upon glass.
The art of painting upon glass
may be divided into a simple and
Compound art. We shall call that
simple painting, in which the col
ours are spread and melted in with
that it is impossible to destroy
it, even by rcmelting the glass. It
would pei haps, suit better to call
began to paint upon glass, the art
of dying or colouring the glass,
Than to give it the name of painting,
Which, in our opinion, is more appli
cable to the art which we call com
pound, as this combines all the pro
tease* at once. ? -
Compound painting is that which
.^simply fixed Upon the glass byJ
theaid of fire, as carnation, shades,
&cT We call it compound because
it requires the help of tile first pro
cess, and sometimes of enamelling,
to produce the affect which is desir
ed in a picture. The enamelled glas
ses may be comprised in this class.
The first glass painters often em
ployed the three processes at once,
that is to say, the dying of the glass,
fixing the painting on its suriace,
and the enamel; and we have in the
museum, windows of, the twelth
arid sixteenth century, which are
highly ornamented with enamel in
many parts, and others which have
no enamel at ajl, bjt which produce
not less affecti which proves that
the enarhcltihg is not necessary for
the execution of the finest paintings
upon glass. The use of it however
is indispensible, when it is desired
to give a subject upon a single piece
of glass; for this could not other
wise be done winhout several pieces,
and consequently without the use
of lead to connect them together;
which is a great inconvenience for
small objects, as may he seen in
several small pictutes of the six
teenth century, in our possession.
(To be Continued, J
In const que nee of the resignation of
the hoc*. Jott* Taylor of the Senate* we
are informed that Joskph Brivard, Esq.
I late a judge in the court of common pleas,
ha? consented to become a candidate to
Mipplf tU. vacancy occasioned by Col.
I'aylor's resignation, and afoo for next se
natorial term of aix years from the 4th of
March next. The ability, scat, and poli
t?c?l integrity of Judge Brevard, have be
fore introduced butt to the particular 19
ttee of his feHow-citixen*.? Telegraph.
Bleating* of rmetimttion* ? In I-omlon, |
in the week ending 8*f*. 12, there was
not a single death by the. 8m nil Pox. A
circumstance which has not happened be
fore for two hundred yeirj-,^ v V'?
FOR THE CAMULS GAZE TK.
A BKIEF ACCOUNT
OJ the general ufi/iearance oj South- Caro*
LtNAy QJtd im climate ^ connected xuith ob
servations u/ion the manner* q/ U*. inhabit
and the influence of climate u/ion
thtm) by THK EDITOR.
Before saying any thin^of the seasons,
as they occur in South-Caiolina, I shall
observe, thai in common wiih every other
climate within the vicinity of Tropical re
gions, they partake of that warmth an^
changcubleness, which aie unifoimly their
characteristics. Rains, storms, hail and
calms frequently follow each other, in ra
pid succession ; whilst at others there if
a sameness for weeks. In out winters
nothing remarkable is discovered, farther
than those irregularities. Their inclemen
cy is very inconsiderable, when contrast
ed with more northern latnudeb ; and may
be said to l>e mild unci* pleasant, with
the exception of sudden transitions, vwhicU
are productive of no serious inconvenience.
The thermometer is found to range between
30 ahd 47 in Charleston) during this sea
son,' and between 18 and 60 in Camden,
which is near the centre of the stale, and
about the 34th of north latitude* Snow
seldom falls In considerable quantities*
The greatest ever known, by any of the
oldest inhabitants, did not cover the earik^
more than eighteen inchers deep* Rains
are generally moderate, but more frequent
during this season than others, being never
accompanied with thuuder and lightning.
About the commencement of the vernal
equinox, there appears to be a very radical
change in the state of the weather wh:i'l>
becomes more warm and clear, with the
exception oi 'March* During this month
an equinoctial gale sometimes prevails un*
til about the 30th, when it subsides, and
the weather becomes calm and mgne. It
has been on the declinc for si^ or seveti
year? past, and I h ave known it not to ap
pear at all. The gales of September, how
ever, still retain their forct and ref?larity* *
.Should South-Carolina cease to be visited
this wind, at * subsequent period, we
shall be presented with a phenominon more
recondite tl}an has lately occurred in uro
logy. because it will appear to hfeve been**
diurnal motion in the atmosphere, produced
by some reitiote cause, inexplicable upou
the generally received principles* Snow
sometimes fdls at the commencement of
this season, without hating made its ap
pearance during the winter* Frost disap
pears, however* amj land is prepared lor
tillage when the seasons pursue their usual
course, (t should be remarked chat the
north eastern winds of IVfarch And Septem- *
ber, are sometimes productive, of thofriost
serious consequences. By them have been
J driven upon the destructive shoals of HaU
eras, Vessels, at the expense of the life
and property of many of our {nost valua
able citizens. Mariners who are coasting
within the vicinity of this ruinous spot, al
ways dread to encounter the gale* Ther
mometer, during this season, range* from
91 to 68 degrees, at Camden*
,0t ^ Gommencemtnt of the summer
perature and general appearance, from the
conclusion of the vernal equinox. Rain
falls in heavier showers, which do not last
long. Hailstorms sumeltn^s.occur* which
are always accompanied with Wind, rain*
thunder fe linghtping* The shape fc size ? f
hailstones (so cal'd) are various, some being
spherical, others oblong, amounting in size
and general appearance to buck shot, bul
lets 8cc. There are instances of their hav
ing weighed from one to two ounces* The
thermometer is found to range fmm 70 to
89 in Charleston, aid frotn 71 d to 90 d*
in Camtfen. In autumn the weather be*
comet more unsettled* Transitions are
more sudden and grea'* Rainy seasons
frequently commence and last' for week 4
with the exception of a few Ipteri
dry days, and are followed by oi
equal length. The thermometer generally
! ranges from 60 to 89 in Charleston, artd 1*
| tween 30 d. and 70 d* In Camden.
Dews at this season are very heavy and
cold, which begin to full about the setting
of the sun. Their influence is very great,
insomuch that there are few Who can suv
i tain it ^?h impunity. Their predomin
ance, at ibis season, arises probably from
the exhalations of the day being condensed
[ in a direct ratio to the increased length of
nights. The decomposition oi vegetable
I and animal matter Mill progresses ; dis
I ease itsumesits empire, and man shridki