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Number 33. CA\II>EN, S. C. b*i bv WHAT YOL WOULD WISH BY OTHERs DONE To YOU 1) ? > ?r IN . Thursday, November^! 4, 1816. Volume T Terms. THR /trice to Subscriber s is Ihrrr dol lars /i er annum, for Jifiy-lvjo numb/rts , ex clusive of postage ; and in all ca*es where papers shall be delivered at the expense of the publisher, the firice will be Thrke dollars I ? FtFYF es?+n ft ygarj>|? be paid sijc months &ficr subscribing. ving at a distance, from the inconvenience of collections will fruj in advance . r Term* oi advertising in this Gazktti. Mtmrfim mentsjwt exceeding eight lines will Se printed for fifty cents, for the first publication , and half that price f or every subsequent insertion . Larger advertise ments Will be charged in proportion. %* Atibcrol discount will be made on the bills of those who are constant or considerble customers in this line. t|t If no directions are given with an ad - - vertistment , it will be continued till forbids October 3, 1816. Hkpnn rig andSrienre.t. Of Painting upon Glasa, and of Mosaick work in t'runce. [Translated frotn the French.^ The fabrication oF coloured glass is very ancient; domestic and oth er utensils, as well^as the glass paste, in imitation of precious stones which we have derived from the Egyptians, Greeks and Roitians, prove thac the ancients were ac quainted with the artr.f colouring; glass, as welLasol enamellhg earth and metals. It is certain that when flat square pieces of glass " were substituted, in the place of Alabas ter and Talc, f? r( che windows of temples, palaces and private dwcl tif pleas orey aha child of ease, produced the de sire of dfreorating these same win dows, and of representing upon them, either agreable subjects of the fsncy or historical facts. 'Painting upon glassy the period of whose invention is tarrifcd as. far back ai the time of Cimabuus, was therefore, in its oqgin? nothing more than a painting ot ornament, and it is in this regard only that we are to consider our ancient win dows,; since they were generally painted in flat broad tints, very lit tle shaded; but so varied by the most lively colours, ^thaf" (hey still present the resemblance of a psrmrr enameled withilowersv Weai*e of opiuion, likewise jthat the employment of the Mosaick in the interiour decorations, had some hand* In fitrikifig out the invention of pai?i*mg^Kpofi gfass!^ The Mo saick, as is <wtll ignowU^fcon^ts III its fabrication, of small pieces of glass coloured and enameled^ in '^c manner the first painted win fs were nothing more than 11 piecetjtf coloured class, at td to each other by means of Jen grooves, which gave them irmness, by confining them in th^ frames, and which formed a sort of picture, ih the same manner that the inlaid stones ami pieces of glass held together in a mastick or by a cement, prodtice the painting which is called Mosaick. We are further tempted to believe that, "in che commencement of painting upon glass, the figures were traced in wa ter colours, or with colours diluted with egg water or varnish, upon white glaas, as the glases of the ma - ? ? ; . ? ? ? ? v. ' gick lanterns arc made at the pre-^ sent day, before it Was thought oy to^colour the glass by means of fire for ifo execution of moi% perfect, and apjjbie pictures. 1 Before we proceed further on the subject- of painting nport glass J we shall say a few words upon du?" art of fabricating the Mosaicks, an i art which we consider as much the . more ancient of the two. * The Mosaick, considered as a species of decoration, took its rise i ?in the train of the imitative arts;1 and, from its oiigin, was employed by architects in thier puWick mon- < uments, either in incrustation or in pavement. It ig much to be desir ed that oar skilful architects, in imitation of the ancients, would still I continue to employ this interesting J art, which is susceptible o i the { grandest effects. 1 Before the Mosaick arrived at ] perfection, it was the practice to incrustate in the walls and floors, flint-stone, silver, pieces of colour ed glass, pastes and plates of cmt mel or of marble; by degrees, how ever, this which was carefully culti vated, obtained such favor in Greece gaged in it, aud the magnificent pic-f turcs which they thus produced* are mentioned by several historians. Pliny speaks of a certain Sosus, who worked at Pergamos, and who ex erted in the an of fabricating, the Mosaick.- In 1763, several pieces of Mosaick work were discovered at Pompci, the w or k oi li if wti ma believe the inscriptions Upon them. The French also fabricated this 1 sort of work; but as^ they had no knowledge of its ruJeiot principles, 1 they produced nothing but figures without form or shape, as may be seen in the Museum in the tomb of of the qneen Fredegonde, who died I in 597. t- ? -] Ih the eleventh century^ this art was also practised in France-, and there is to be seen in the Museum^ a Mosaick work, representing a de votee upon his knees, who appears to be the author of the picture . in In which he is represented, if we may suppose that the inscription was made at the sarrte time with the pictur**:-?- it is this ; Bono f rater bare ecdesice fait hoc opus. The practice of Mosaick work was perpetuated in spite of the ig norance which reigned in those arts, depending upon design; it was cultivated at Home towards the fourteenth century, and at Florence a century afterwards. A president of the parliament at Paris, David, t being at the last mentioned town, ordered to be made under his own eyes and at his own expence, a Mosaick which is dated 1500, and which represents the Virgin, seated i witfi the infant Jesus on her knees, 1 accompanied by two Angels in ado ! ration This picture is now in the Museum., Towards the end of the last cen tury, a taste fot the Mosaick pre- ] vailed at Rome, and the last popes expended considerable sums to sup port and encourage the ablest art ists, whose talents they were jeal- j ous of engaging exclusively to | themselves, i *y thier orders, the most beautiful pictures which had been painted by Raphael for the de coration of the Vatican, were ex ecuted, the full size of the originals, and these superb monuments; which fhave resisted all^thcravage^-'of cime* noW constitute the ornament of the The French government at length, desirious of rivaling Italy in this species of painting, established,1 some years ago, at Paris, a school for Mosaick work, for the employ ment of the deaf and dumb. The direction of this little philanthro pic k academy, is confided to M. Belloni, a Roman Mosaist, and al ready these unfortunate children, taught with so much zeal and care, have fabricated pieces of Mosaick, which may stand a compari on with those of the be^t Italian artists. Let us now return to the painting Upon glass. The art of painting upon glass may be divided into a simple and Compound art. We shall call that simple painting, in which the col ours are spread and melted in with that it is impossible to destroy it, even by rcmelting the glass. It would pei haps, suit better to call began to paint upon glass, the art of dying or colouring the glass, Than to give it the name of painting, Which, in our opinion, is more appli cable to the art which we call com pound, as this combines all the pro tease* at once. ? - Compound painting is that which .^simply fixed Upon the glass byJ theaid of fire, as carnation, shades, &cT We call it compound because it requires the help of tile first pro cess, and sometimes of enamelling, to produce the affect which is desir ed in a picture. The enamelled glas ses may be comprised in this class. The first glass painters often em ployed the three processes at once, that is to say, the dying of the glass, fixing the painting on its suriace, and the enamel; and we have in the museum, windows of, the twelth arid sixteenth century, which are highly ornamented with enamel in many parts, and others which have no enamel at ajl, bjt which produce not less affecti which proves that the enarhcltihg is not necessary for the execution of the finest paintings upon glass. The use of it however is indispensible, when it is desired to give a subject upon a single piece of glass; for this could not other wise be done winhout several pieces, and consequently without the use of lead to connect them together; which is a great inconvenience for small objects, as may he seen in several small pictutes of the six teenth century, in our possession. (To be Continued, J In const que nee of the resignation of the hoc*. Jott* Taylor of the Senate* we are informed that Joskph Brivard, Esq. I late a judge in the court of common pleas, ha? consented to become a candidate to Mipplf tU. vacancy occasioned by Col. I'aylor's resignation, and afoo for next se natorial term of aix years from the 4th of March next. The ability, scat, and poli t?c?l integrity of Judge Brevard, have be fore introduced butt to the particular 19 ttee of his feHow-citixen*.? Telegraph. Bleating* of rmetimttion* ? In I-omlon, | in the week ending 8*f*. 12, there was not a single death by the. 8m nil Pox. A circumstance which has not happened be fore for two hundred yeirj-,^ v V'? FOR THE CAMULS GAZE TK. A BKIEF ACCOUNT OJ the general ufi/iearance oj South- Caro* LtNAy QJtd im climate ^ connected xuith ob servations u/ion the manner* q/ U*. inhabit and the influence of climate u/ion thtm) by THK EDITOR. Before saying any thin^of the seasons, as they occur in South-Caiolina, I shall observe, thai in common wiih every other climate within the vicinity of Tropical re gions, they partake of that warmth an^ changcubleness, which aie unifoimly their characteristics. Rains, storms, hail and calms frequently follow each other, in ra pid succession ; whilst at others there if a sameness for weeks. In out winters nothing remarkable is discovered, farther than those irregularities. Their inclemen cy is very inconsiderable, when contrast ed with more northern latnudeb ; and may be said to l>e mild unci* pleasant, with the exception of sudden transitions, vwhicU are productive of no serious inconvenience. The thermometer is found to range between 30 ahd 47 in Charleston) during this sea son,' and between 18 and 60 in Camden, which is near the centre of the stale, and about the 34th of north latitude* Snow seldom falls In considerable quantities* The greatest ever known, by any of the oldest inhabitants, did not cover the earik^ more than eighteen inchers deep* Rains are generally moderate, but more frequent during this season than others, being never accompanied with thuuder and lightning. About the commencement of the vernal equinox, there appears to be a very radical change in the state of the weather wh:i'l> becomes more warm and clear, with the exception oi 'March* During this month an equinoctial gale sometimes prevails un* til about the 30th, when it subsides, and the weather becomes calm and mgne. It has been on the declinc for si^ or seveti year? past, and I h ave known it not to ap pear at all. The gales of September, how ever, still retain their forct and ref?larity* * .Should South-Carolina cease to be visited this wind, at * subsequent period, we shall be presented with a phenominon more recondite tl}an has lately occurred in uro logy. because it will appear to hfeve been** diurnal motion in the atmosphere, produced by some reitiote cause, inexplicable upou the generally received principles* Snow sometimes fdls at the commencement of this season, without hating made its ap pearance during the winter* Frost disap pears, however* amj land is prepared lor tillage when the seasons pursue their usual course, (t should be remarked chat the north eastern winds of IVfarch And Septem- * ber, are sometimes productive, of thofriost serious consequences. By them have been J driven upon the destructive shoals of HaU eras, Vessels, at the expense of the life and property of many of our {nost valua able citizens. Mariners who are coasting within the vicinity of this ruinous spot, al ways dread to encounter the gale* Ther mometer, during this season, range* from 91 to 68 degrees, at Camden* ,0t ^ Gommencemtnt of the summer perature and general appearance, from the conclusion of the vernal equinox. Rain falls in heavier showers, which do not last long. Hailstorms sumeltn^s.occur* which are always accompanied with Wind, rain* thunder fe linghtping* The shape fc size ? f hailstones (so cal'd) are various, some being spherical, others oblong, amounting in size and general appearance to buck shot, bul lets 8cc. There are instances of their hav ing weighed from one to two ounces* The thermometer is found to range fmm 70 to 89 in Charleston, aid frotn 71 d to 90 d* in Camtfen. In autumn the weather be* comet more unsettled* Transitions are more sudden and grea'* Rainy seasons frequently commence and last' for week 4 with the exception of a few Ipteri dry days, and are followed by oi equal length. The thermometer generally ! ranges from 60 to 89 in Charleston, artd 1* | tween 30 d. and 70 d* In Camden. Dews at this season are very heavy and cold, which begin to full about the setting of the sun. Their influence is very great, insomuch that there are few Who can suv i tain it ^?h impunity. Their predomin ance, at ibis season, arises probably from the exhalations of the day being condensed [ in a direct ratio to the increased length of nights. The decomposition oi vegetable I and animal matter Mill progresses ; dis I ease itsumesits empire, and man shridki