Camden gazette. (Camden, S.C.) 1816-1818, November 07, 1816, Image 2
Upon the botany of that state. The prin
cipal writers on the subject of divinit^
about tSc lime of the revolution, were Dr.
M^rhew, Dr. AJchattney, Dr. Jorm r> tvh',
and the Rtv. My les Cooper. Mr. Davis'
writings an* of a date somewhat earlier.
Dr.- John Withei spoon, late president of
Piinceton coUcge, wrote not only on sub- i
jects, but likeVise on hter'ature, politics,
and general science. He was an author
who possessed ti Kommon strength ano
clearness of mi?<l. David Rittenhouse,
who was born in TV32, at tiermantown fn"
Pennsylvania Was ike author of several es
says published in ihe transactions of the
American Philosophical Society, but is
chiefly known as a man of acuteness in
mathematics. Dr. Ezra Stiles, late pre
sident of Yal e co lege, is hardly number
ed afnong American authors, but chiefly
celebrated as the most learned man this
country has ever produced He was also
one of the most active promoters of litera
? ture. lie was tducatrri in Y.*U, and <Ji?d~
there in i 795.
There have been several ab'e political I
Writers who rose about the period of the
revolution. We need not repeat in this
class ihe names of many that are mention
ed above. John Dickenson, of Dehware,
author of the the Farmer's letters, dis
played in that, and other writings, great 1
Trading, together with still greater acute
ness, eloquer.ee and taste, it will be suf
ficient in lijtifr place to~ mention the names 1
Thomas Paine, James Otis, Samuel Adams,
John Adams, governor Hutchinson, Rich- ,
ard Bland, Arthur Lee, R. C. Nicholas,
"William H. Drayton, Hamilton, toadison.
Jay and Jefferson. This brings us near
to (Air own period, but we must first name
the remaining writers of the last century
Dr. B. Rush, and Dr. Burton, properly
belong to that era, and governor Bow do n
of Massachusetts decidedly does, as he
died in 1730, \>ut he is hardly ranked a
mong the number of authors ; he how
ever wrote much that has betrn pi blished
inMemorsof the American Acadatrty of
Arts and Sciences. Of historical writers
we have already mentioned Governor (.'ol
den# author of a History of the Five Na
tions of Indians, Wm. Smith? author ot
a history of t^ie Province of New-York,
and governor Hutchinson, author of a his
tory of Massachusetts. Besides these
were Sumuel Smith, who wrote the his
tory of New- Jersey, Dr. Jeremy Belknap
who wrote the history of New Hampshire,
Dr. Samuel Williams, author of the his
tory of Vermont. I. Sulivan au'hor of a
history of the District of Maine, and Dr.
Benjamin Trumbull author ot the Civil
and Fxclesiastical History of Connecticut.
Mr. Robert Proud's history of Pennsylvania
is a correct and valuable collection but pos
sesses no literary merit. Geo. R. Minot
author of the^ Continuation of the History
of Massachusetts, is said to have been a
writer of rare talents, antW4Ws^ early loss
was much lamented- But the first in this
department is Dr. Davul Ramsay, author
of a history of the American revolution, a
history of the revolution in South- Carolina
a history of the life of Washington, kc.
Next on the subject, but much inferior, is
Marahal.
Of the poets of the last century we shall
not here stop to speak, as America can
claim but litter in this way, either of pist
or present merit. The names of Barlow,
Trumbull, Dwight, Humphreys, Freneau,
R. l\ Paine, &. c. have not those high
claims upon which to build a national cha
racier. Of late we have seen some very
fine specimens of poetic talent circulating
through the papeis. but we do not thmk
the prtsent period likely to produce any
great effort worthy of the sublimity of
American genius*
Com. Truxton has beeen commissioned
by the governor of Pennsylvania, as Sheriff
of the city and county of Philadelphia.
General Miranda has died in lions In
prison at Cadiz.
Patrick ifenry , the famous orator of Vir
ginia, is said to have been once placed in
the following awkward predicament : hn
gaged in a most extet a ve and luciative
practice of the law. he mistook, in one in
stance the side of the cause on wli ch he
was retained, and addressed the conit and
jury in a very splendid fit convincing speech
in behalf of his antagonist. His distracted
client came tip to him, whilst he was pro
^.ecdin^, and interrupting him, bitterly ex
claimed,^ You have undone me! You have
ruined me 1" " Ntvtr mind, give yourself
xfa concern," said the adroit akvocate, and
turning to the c -urt and jury, continued his
argument by observing, u May it please
your honors, and you, gentlemen of the ju
ry, 1 have been staling to you what my ad
versary may urge on his side. I will now
show you how fallacious his reasoning.and
how groundless his pretensions are." The
skilful orator proceeded, Satisfactorily re
futed everj^argument he had adranced,and
gained his cause.
\ considerable q'laniity of snow fell in
the environs of Ixmdon, on the 2oili Au
gust last.
FOri THE CAMDEN CJZETTH.
A bWlEF ACCOUNT
OJ (he general ufifiearance oj $qu Th-Caho
lisa , und tin climate , connect ed with ob
setvaiions u/ion the manners of Its inhabit
ants . and i he influence of chma'c upon
iharii by _ tuk editok.
I now beg leave to bay something of the
upper purl of the state, which may be Did
W contmtiHT tm mediately after passing
tho.se immense beds of sand, of w htch I
have a, ready spoken, lying near the 34tn
d. of north latitude. ]
Although a striking dissimilarity in the
topogiaphy of the two divisions, may at
first, shock the conception of an incrtdu
ious leaner, yet it is no less correct than
strange, that the up-countiy, so called in
contradistinction lo the lower part ef the
state, becomes at once a broken, irregular*
and fi nirfnt rait , r^mbjing vaty nrettfrihf~
northern slates. Instead of sand, reflect
ing a scorching heat from the impinging
rays of an almost Vertical sun, the eye is
met by hills and v. les ; the luxuriance and
diversity of whose growth pour forth those
different shades of guen which i>ever fail
to arrest ihe attention, and excite the most
pleasant reflections.- Here nature has in
deed distributed her gifts most equably, lib
e rally and judiciously. Here hill, dale,
low land and upland, partake^alike of her
blessings ;,and here labouring husband
men reap, with smiles and plenty, their
abundant fruit. Here is no barren hr&rtT
to appal, no iruitless plain to tire ; but uni
versal plenty, mirth and cheerfulness glad
den the heart) and felicitate the waiks ol
life.
Another very striking difference in the
upper and low country, is the appearance
ol stone in that pajt which now becomes
the subj;-c. ol consideration. 1 have remark
fed in some of my preceding obaefVulie ns,
that sand or m other words silicious eartn,
did not exist after leaving the low country ;
but the idea, in a chemical point of view,
was-iwcorrect, for>o general is Us distribu
tion, that it is found here scattered in the
form of quartz and flint; not Ho mention
innumerable quarries ot rock, of w hich it
it is pro')abiy the base. At the IJ. States
establishment, on the Catav*bj, accoiding
to Cieiil. M'Lomb, iarge quantities of grey
gran ne may be seen in sui|>endijnus mas
ses, just beneath tne surface ol the eai h,
and the probability is, what immense quail*
tuies are lo be lound m every part of ihat
section of the country.
The original inhabitants of ihe IbWer
part of the state were composed of em.g
rants from almost every part of the World,
woo came for the purpose of gain, and to
escape a system of tyranny, instituted by
th? d+ffeiei.t tm'enta'es of Europe. Thtir
de*ctmtkro.s of course- who are the natives,
partake more or less of the manners, dis
pjsi'iioits and piincfSles of their fathers ;
consequently, loc^l party spirit, which ad
mit? of many divisions and subdivisions,
exists among them, as an aggregate bod\ .
it would be impossible to give a correct
sketch of their vaiious manners, habits alid
dispositions, under a general head. I shall
therefoie endeavour to present the reader
with a nioie satisfactory delineation by re?
ducing them to three orders, viz;
The wealthy,
Middle cl*ss,
And poorer^K-ople, in which I do not
include the idle plebean.
It is a very < trite, and I believe just ot>
servation. that hauteur, egotism and vani
ty are the characteristics of ephemeral no
bility. 1 he wealthy of our country are
generally ihe chiidien of prosperity, con
ceived by enterprise and avance. Their
domes, once the abode of restrictive (eco
nomy, are now a scene of loxtirv and in
dependence. Here the best informed 8t wt||
bred amontr them, possess easy manners, '
are poire, and fond of literature. Whrn
introduced to their acquaintance, their
greatest desire is to render your s tuation
agreeable. 1 hose, on theothtr hand, who.
like the microscopic insert, have just em
erged into life, are they who make the
greaest noise and show in the fashionable
world. Like op?ke spo.s in the snn, they
bt come conspicuous from an incapability
ol transmitting rays. Fearful of passing
unnoticed, they make the greatesi disbUy
of wealth, assume the airs of scholars, and
men of science, to wipe away the stain
which had been impressed by that misera
ble shrew ; poverty. The legislature now
claims their attention* Chicane deposes
Candour, and an ambiguous nhraseoloirv
astonishes their inferiors.*
B it laying aside wh it Laurcelot Lane
ataft call, the whiniwhamt of the day
they 'are truly Imputable to neighbour*^
Willi whom they are upon term * of intima
? There is no tia*9ton more universal than
find-. It firrvudea aft order* of society:
/ rum the throne to the e**tage Every in
dividual in some fwne or other conceievea
himself sufiertor lo tome one of his ifircies,
and Ivok* down xoi'h contempt or hang hi y
comhatfiion on <t<l who are filrtced beneath his
i imaginary siifiertoty . Zim. nat. pride.
cy , and strangers. They are generally
friends to government, an<JL ucbtrous of
the promotion of" letters.
1 heir manner of living fs as vai i :s
their dispositions ? ? I believe, however, the
following arrangement will enable us <o
trace it out, with a loiici able share of ac
curacy.
.Those who have been bred gentle
men, possess! i g the accomplishments of
life, and a competencv, live ^encially a
like 1 heir diet c?>nsi?;mg ot the pio
ducuons of the country, is both nutricious
and stimulating, Valetudinarian^ som*t
times accomodate their food to the state of
their systems. ? 1 heir afternoons are spent
in frequent libations of wine. Mirth unci
joHity close the scene upon con\ ivial occa
' blODs,
2d. Those who are the imitators of fash
ion, content themselves wilti equalling their
superiors, when they have their friends to
witness it.
respect to the r minds, they are
cjuick of conception, hasty of conclusion,
sometimes passionate, but not vindictive
They excel in whatever they undertake,
provided it does not require too much cor
poral exertion.
1 he m'dtlle class of peoplecomprehends
those who possess a competency, yet not
enough to buoy them up in extravagance,
or to enable them to soar aloof ; for wealth
here constitutes the great man. As money .
is the prime mover and exciting cause of
almost every ac\ion, they of course labour
more Or less undt-r Its influence i const
^uci.tly partake of a variety of sentiment,
corresponding respectively with th ir na
ura| dispositions. In tins particular how
ever they agree wUh the rest ot mankind,
ior in t very government upon earth, there
is piobahly a common goal, to reach which
all uie slt-ug?linjr ; and it is equally plain
mat such an. emulation must ever be pro
ductive of Koocl & had eftecs. In minds Loo
; narrow, to discard the rubbish of public o
pinion, is generated sophistry and dissimu
aiion. (Others who take a more liberal and
LeXtensive view ol human nature* spurn at
I their folly, assert their rights, and maintain
4 dignified respect. These aie they, who
become the most useful, well informed and
iespeciat>;e? 1 hey possess genuine hospi
_JiiIiiy? good breeding, and love ot country.
Poverty with them is not viewed as a bar
rier against which it is useless for the citi
? zen of intrinsic W-onh to struggle ; but
merit, undisguised meiiL, readily wings its
way to the throne of generous approbation,
htill, however, i can riot deny but an uni
versal thirst for novelty pervades the whole.
ft is both an individual and state character
istic.
* helf' manner of living is neat, plente
ous, and rational ; but not as sumptuous as
that ot the preceding class.
1 he poorer sort of people* consist of
persons who are decent labourers, posses
sing a few slaves. ] here is considerable
usticity in their manners. 'I hey are
frank, ingenious, and for the most part
stnctly honest. Imita'ors, many ot them,
of those who are in better circumstances,
they aspire to those qualities an i posses
sions whici render others con picuous.
As v et 1 have said nothing of the dishon
est part of the community. It must he
acknowledged, al; hough reproachful, that
they too frequently accumulate fhnun*?,
utifi by playing the part of gentlemen, ush
er themse.ves into notice. They are gen
rally cunning, deceitful, full of stratagem,
and well qualified (or deluding s- rangers.
Sensible of my responsibity, as an author, 1
lor so frank an exposition of the ostensible
failings of my fellow citizens, 1 hope I
hall i>e allowed to offer as an apology my
unfeigned desire to contribute in eiadicut
?ng them. 1 he task is certainly a wot k
>f snpererrogation ; bu' as small hints fre
quently give a preponderance to the yale
of honor* it is hoped it Will not be without
< ffect.
Convinced hat an analytical view of the
characters of men is better calculated for
d( fa mat ion than otheiwise, I l>eg leave to
draw the readers attention to a aucinct his
tory of their characters, as a general and
political body. '1 hey are, in the language
ol Dr. Morse, M affable and easy, and po
lite and attentive to strangers," extremely
jealous of their rights, tenacious of their
own worth, firmly attached to government,
and active in the execution ot laws, might
have been added with propriety. '
Their amusement consists of the chace.
convivial parties.. billiards, cards, chess. &e.
More athletic exercises are unpleasant and
msnpportable to those who have been bred
i in affluence.
Now in the Press,
Of .Messrs. Row k & Hoop* a, Boston,
A Journal
Of a Young Man of Massachusetts, a Pris
oner of War with the British, confined
first a Melville Island (Halifax) then at
Chatham, England, and last at Dartmoor
Prison."
Su6*rri/i/iorj* fnr the above work rcceiverl at
thm (jjficr.
October -0, 1 a I 6,
? ;j
IMHoTi 7H Yty-A "
ti Ml'. N"r or AtC.it.RS.
? *"?<"'> 0c,'-?er 2>? Hv the Bordeafiic
lackct, an.vr.l lo-djy i?om Havre, wc
ha\e received Fans pupeis to Sep'. 16
Ihey furnish the following interesting
^translation) uccount.
Juris, St/iiCrnbrr 13. ? According to the
news from Algiers, dated 3Ut Aug. the
fl^ct p,-CSclUci| llsclf tjcioru that
c.iy on i he 2 7th Aug. about 12 mid. day,
to the huiuhe it of 32 sail, of w hich 6 weic
L)u;cn lii^aies. Alter having uselessly
tried negotiations. Lord Exmouth caused
his vessels to be moored at half canncn
shot distance, under the batteries of the
Fort Miid Koad ; his own ship placed at
the entrance of the port, and so r.ear lo
the Keys that yards touched the house* ;
and his batteries taking in reverse those of
~ thr-mii itoi nt the p. n'tVwTei turned mi i) p ?
canoniers of the port, who remained en
tirely exposed. The fire of the English
wa* sustained more than six hours; but
only served >o increase the rage of the
enemy, when two English officers de
manded pet mission to go in anembaika
t'on, and set fire to the principal Algerine
higate, which blocked up the entrance of
the pm ? this being complied wi h, the en
terprise had entue success- ? a fresh \V.
w m<I m.<a frw nitnutetrset fire to the av hole
"cet, o frigates, 4 corvetts and 50 gun
l*>ats, which were consumed. The city
i?ad suffered less, notwithstanding the
bombs had occasioned considerable de?<
t ruction ' here ? Hie English fleet experi
enced a veiy heavy lo*s. It is estimated
that the loss on either side is 1,000 men.
An Algeiuic frigate being on fiie and driv
en by the w.iivts ujMin the Kng.iah Admi
ral, forced the latter to cut his cables, and
wi hdiaw lo -m the battle tor some time.
It is saul that the lo>.s on bouidof Lord
Exmouth's ship was 200 men? himself
wounc.td ? and a cajnain of on** of the
frigates was killed. The L)< v durinp the
whole of the action was engaged in flying
from post to post, encouraging his soldiu
ty? On the 428th, the English squadron
was moored in the great Koad, but out of
the reach of cannon shot. s On the 428th,
an aimistice was concluded on the basis
that the admiral had at first proposed
Here follow the principal conditions :
1st. 1 he Regency consents to abolitTi
the slavery of Europeans, at Algiers? and
by consequence of this principle immedi
ately io set at liberty all the European pii
sonns ai Algiers. t
2d. In reparation of the injuries done at
Bonn antl Oran, the Regency agrees to
refund to England the sum of three hun
dred and seventy thousand dollars, which
were bi ought by the Neapolitans to Al
i 3d. The Consular presents are abolish -
I ? kut as is the custom in the East, they ?
J niu> be admitted as personal presents, oil
i lie arrival of every Consul, and given in
own name but never to exceed the sum
of 500/. sterling.
4th. I he King of the Netherlands in
consequence of the pair h<? has taken in
tills rxpedeuon, shall enjoy the same pri
vileges us England. _
3th. There shall he a new formal treaty,
between England and the regency of Al
giers?in which the kingdom of Nether
land* shall participate. ?
In other at lit., e*> of the armistice it is
stipulatf d that the Regency shall preserve
the right of making war upon the differ
ent European powers, and that tho-e of
their subjects who shall fall into their
hands, shall never be reduced to slavery,
but Heated as prisoners of war.
6</?/ 5 ? I he president of the Anti
Bai baron institution, had yesterday, a
pnvate audience with his Majesty / Who
before he passed into /his cabinet, publicly
complimented the president upon the ac
complishment of th< great object of their
wishes and labours, by brilliant success of
the combined expedition against Algiers;
the news of which had been received hv
his majesty in despatch from the French
Consul residing in that -regency.? The '
immediate result of this great success, so *
abiy concluded by Lord Ex mouth, has
been, besides the destructi on of the pirati
cal cruises* the liberation of all the Eu
ropeans in slavery and the abolition ot the '
capture of them in future. The detafte ?
of the operation of this signal act of vtry- s
gence against the ne*t (foyer) of th* pira
tical system, we shall not delay officially
to publish.
1 4 ? The details wh'cH we have
given of the attack on Algiers, were
brought to Marseille* by a French corvette.
It is added, that the battle of the 27th las
ted from 2 o c'ock in the afternoon until!
aher midnight; and the Dey, dlssatisfi d
with the measures Uiken by his minister of
marine, had cut off his head.
Another account of the affair of Algiers
states that the Dey had been compelled to
o:ive up all the ?on< v that he hnd received
of the various European powers, and to
release 11,000 white European SHives.
he 1 nglish lost 390 men, and one of
the.?r ships suffered much.