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0 s^j^! I!. 1. 0. BAXXJBY, Tnwtm and tub-Editor. jjlS Letter of Gen- Hampton. ^E? L - Jkm lliuvma In r*nl> ?n til* vrUlen MBff hqQNl for the expression of bis opinions on P? publicaffairs, made by M*ml gentlemen W tn OoftwBbk, July 81, 1867, (whoee wnn f ' bww8if ippetf, ) tarnished them hie letter i ddreeeed to Mayor Oiun two years ago. wed also gives a feller expression of hie views in continuation. The reply of Gen. Hiumv le dated Angnst 7, 1867, end was first published In the Colnmble Phanix% Angnst 88th, 1867: Avows* 80. 1866. To hit Honor Jamtt O. Gibbet, Mayor of . Colombia. 8ut: Having been absent when the late public meeting was held in the city, 1 take this method of expressing my views on the subjects discussed on that occasion. It is * urstfc seme reluctance that I express these views, no I do not oonenr in the policy advocated by the meeting. la it desirable that the people of the State should take awy action looking US a restoration of eiril government at present T I think not; and (or these reasons: The Slate is either a member of the Federal Union, or it is not If a member, then not only is it a work of supererogation for her to ask admieeion to the Union, but she le, by the Constitution of the United Slates, guaranteed e republican form of Government, and eha has the right to adrainlste1* her Government under such a constitution and by such lews ss she chooses- But i' she is, on the contrary, not e member of the Union, she must be regarded either as a Territory, or as a conquered province.? fn either condition, the United States authorities are charged with the duty of pro' vtding a proper Oorernment for her, and I <u>v ik, i>... ,f ik. Bi.i. i- i. ni A in passive until such Government la given to ber, or la forced upon her. If the onree indicated by the meeting here le 'followed by tho State, what will be the remit f Will it lead to tlie restoration of the < Union as it existed, and to the'Te fefttablish ment of the constitution and laws of this State T I do not thlnlc that s?eh "will be the ease. To restore the State to the Union by the plau contemplated in the resolutions adopted by the meeting here, it will be accessary to call a convention of the^tateThat a convention, chosen as that will be, 3*111 represent the wishes of the people of. the State, is an impossibility. But passing over this grave objeotlon, there remains the atiil graver one as to the adoption of a eon* atitution. Are the people of the State wP. ling, by the adoption of a new and totally different constitution, to Ignore all the teachings of the past, to subvert the whole* order of society, to change* in a moment, Sta whole organisation, and, in a word, to commit (if the expression may be used) polities! suieldsT Yet this is the Inevitable tafedehey of the course reeommended by the. meeting. No one, for e moment, supposes that the Btate will be admitted into the Union with its present constitution. To gain admission, the State must eome with a constitution representing, not the views and .interests of tba people of 8onth Carolina/ bat thoeo of Massachusetts. It may 'tis urged that the fetate must eom* wl|h sueh a constitution, or not corns at alL If snsh Ji tba foot, then 1st her not eome at all? The United States Government wilt bold the eouolry, as it now )|m?, hy military occupation; iU troops will be present to laaagurate abd enforco the now system of labor decreed by .the President of (he "United States, and the people, though conquered,will not hare the additional bnmlli iatton and reproach which they would bring upon them selves, if they oonaent to destroy their own constitution, wh^ch waa bequeathed to them by their fathers. /Besides these various reasons against the, policy advocated by the msetiqg, it appears te ns that it is premature for the people to OMVe at present. The authorities at Wash I logton have not indicated the etfnreo they propafn to pureae towards the dtate, nor bays tliey manlfesled greet seal in the restoration of thet Union for whioli they here ? professedly been fighting for the last /our years. They hare not asked the State to return to the Union, nor have they aanounced the terms upon whieh It can do soWhen tbejr bar# done these things U will <ba time enough for the State to take conn fdl^irtoiet I recommend, th?n, with *11 d?f?rraw to jtotmli and Mm gentlemen oyer whom you presided the other day, that the people should remain perfeetly quiet, taking no aelea whatever in pohlte affaire. leave all thaee matters to the United States Got romerit which will, doubtleee, In good time, provide a Government for yon. Until that is done, the cartridge box eaa take the place of the ballot box. and the bayonet ie fend substitute for th? law. It W better 9m be gerenied by three than to give to your Btfte a constitution which mlerepra ante the wiehee of the people, humilleiee their pride, debanehca their society, iedfoyi their prosperity and degrades their "ft. _ to be, rery reapectfuliy, your Wend and f?Ih>w-eHic*n. * ' WAT>R HAMPTON. It was clear to my mind that the tree policy of the South wee to remain paeeive # I |?M1 REFLE C obeerring, with the moet ecrupuloae the obligation* we amnmed when we laid down oar arm*, and making no oonoeaeione beyond Ihoee embraoed in the terms npon which we surrendered. I held that the Unitod Stales Government had not only offered terms to the South, but that its fatlh was pledged to the obeervaaee of those term*. Every official ast of every depart meat of that Government, during the war, declared that the Southern States were still as embers of the Union, and Congress, by an almost unanimous vc te, in the most aolemn manner, " JZssofrwi, That this war Is not waged, on oar part, in any .spirit of oppression, nor for any purpoto of conquest or subjugation,' nor purpose of overthrowing or interfering With the rlgbte or established Institutions of the States, bat to defend and maintain the supremacy of the Constitution, and to pressrva lbs Union with all the dignity* equality and rights ot the several 8tat?s unimpaired. That as soon as these objoote are accomplished, the wer ought to cease.'' The same body gave the strongest evi dence that they regarded the Union unbroken, even during the war, by their reeognilion of Mr. Carlisle as Senator from Virginia?I mean the noble " Old Dominion," and not her illegitimate and degencr steohiid, West Virginia?and allowing him to retain his seat until near the close of the wer. The very parolee given to the Southern soldiers promised the protection of the United States Government to those holding them, so long as they obeyed the laws of " the States wherein they resided thus recognising, not only the 8onthsrn States as 8taU?, bnt the laws of those States. We had every reason, aa far as we oould trust to the faith of our opponents, to believe that the Southern States would be received into the Uufon with all their " dignity, , equality and'rights unimpaired,1' aa soon aa they renewed their allegiance to the Gene* ral Government, and ^tikriowledged its supremacy. I* ?S..11 k.'f 1 a- at .? V w vi'i'i uc luriM^n 10 me purpose Of ill in oomtnuorenlion to discuss what faith ha* bean Tcept with the South?-mankind hat! already affixed to thatsorf of faith the name of Punle ; I only touch on these points to show the mistakes committed by tbaSonth. when It conformed to those demands of the North which were interpolated into the conditions, a/Ur our surrender. Our State Conventions were mistakes; so were the changes of our Constitutions; greater then all others, was ths legislation ratifying ths amendment of the United States Oonetitu-* Uon known as Artiels 18. I am well aware that the notion of the Southern people, a1 that time, was dictated by an honest desire to secure tbs blessings of peaoe, and by a high sense of honor, which prompted them to show that they were sincere in their wish to do everything that would tend to die restoration of the Union on honorable terms. I have no hoeitatlon In asserting that die Southern States would tbon have been brought back to atie Union with more of loyalty "?to nee a favorite expression of the North?than had exiated amongst them for fo^ty years past, had ths North proved iteeif to be as magnanimous at it had shown itself to be powerful. But it was ths misfi-rtune, not only of the South, bnt o'f the whole country, that, the party which had obtained possession of ths Gov* ernment ru more ioUot on eeeuring its own power then of restoring the Union to ite own prieline glory. After acquiring power, on the sole ground of bringing jbnqk the 8out)>c|rn States to the common fold, with ell their "cflgoity, equality end rigbte unimpaired," they beeely betrayed the peoY>1? of (lie North, by subordinating the in tercets end righte of ten Stetpe to the effort to perpetuate the power of their party f falsifying, while they did eo, every pledge which they had made during the continuance of the war. The war, whioh wee professedly waged eolely for the reetoretion of the Union, in ite progreee, degenerated into the open attempt, on the part of ite authors, to consolidate and poiq>etiiete radical rqle, and a Government, which was founded on the noble maxim, that " Governments derive their juet powers from the eoneent of the governed," has been pervert, ed to the base ends of subjecting ten mil* lions of ite people to a military despotism. That I may not be aeeoaed of stating this proposition in stronger language than is warranted by the fasts or the case, I beg to sail your attention to tha following extract from aa article which emanated from Maeeaehnsett*. Bearing tha imprimatur of Boston, its language, which, had it been uttered here, might hare smacked of treason, oan be rygardod only as loyal: "The principle," says this writer, "on which the war wae waged by the North, was simply this: That men racy rightfully be compelled to submit to and support n Government that they do not want; and that reaietenee on their part makes them traitors and criminals. No principle that la possible to be named ean be more selfevidently false than this, or mora self evidently fatal to ell politioal freedom. Tot it triumphed in the field, and it is nov assvme-J t? bo eotabHshod. If It bo realty! established, the number of slaves, Instead sf having been diminished by the war, lies been greatly Increased; for a man thusaiib jested to a Government that h? does not want, ir a slave; un<l there is at* difference iftety b ? I II? M < ? :x of pc 1rebnv1lle. south cab In principle, but only la dtgn*, l>?tv??n| pull ilea I sad chattel ale very. The former, oo leee than the latter, deniea a man's ownership of himeelf and the products of hie labor, and asaerta that other men may own him and diepoee of him and hie property j for their ueee and at their pleasure. Pre- ( fiwwB w kuw w?r, viivrv w?iu uume gruuoai lor Mjring, thai la theory, at leaat, if not in ( practice, our Government *ai a free one? ( that It reeled on eooeant. But nothing of , that kind oan be eaid now, if tha principle , on which the war vm carried on by the i North ie irrevocably established." < Here we are told lb emphatic language, i by a northern man, whoee mind cannot be i obrcured certainly by the so-called hereeiee ' of Southern ductrlnee, what wae the princi ' pie on which the war wee waged by the ' North, and we are warned?God grant that 1 the warning may not bo in vein?what 1 will be the revolt if thla principle ie irrevo 1 cably eetahliehed. Let it be eetabllehed. , and we may bid edien to oonetitutionel liberty?republican Institutions will be ewept away in the storm that will ariee| , and we ehall enter on tlioae dark and gloomy , scenes which always precede a nation', . death. The time will then indeed have i come for us to pray, in the words of a fear- i leea and eloquent eon of Georgia, for the i speedy advent of " the American Ciesar "? ' Tho whole recent legislation of the frac ' tlonal Congress at Washington stems to I have only in view to break down all the 1 barrier* of the Constitution of the United Statee; to ignore the immortal truths of the great rebellion of "76, and to convert a Government, which had, as Its only fonndatlon( "the consent of the governed, "into one sustained l>y foroe alone. None of the rad. tenia pretend that the military bills are c?n- ( etitntional. They adroit?perhaps I should , say, rather, they trast?that these measures , are unconstitutional, while they endeavor | to make the South ratify them, by arousing < and appealing to tha be scat passions of i human nature, fear and cupidity. .They < threaten us with confiscation, on the one < hand, if we do not aecept these measures; i they give them the semblance of law, while < on the other they attempt to bubo those ' amongst us who are to base and vena) as to be willing "to purchase immunity for themselves by selling Uie liberties of their 1 country. Are tKeoe despicable motives strong enough to corrupt the virtue of the SouthUMII'tk.t ?1.~ i ~ I 1 '~ ?v !?wuu "?'?= proved themselves otptbie of making any and nil sacrifices for the soke of their prin. eiples, sink eo low aa to liny the mere priv liege to live?even if they live slaves?by giving up all thnl they have heretofore held sacred, and ail that makes life iteelf worth liavinif) Will they allow, their ae;ion to be influenced by threats f Throats can never govern brave men. Are they afraid of confiscation by Congress ? If they adopt these reconstruction AoU, they will most assuredly suffer confiscation in Its worst and most tyrannioal form, through the "reconstructed " States. It is for them to de termlne these momentous questions fur themselves. Ihey have already carried concession to the verge of folly. Hear what another Northern writer says on Uiis points . . " The programme of the ruling party cannot bo altered or ebangod by concessions. That has boon tried in the Bouth. All the demands of Congress have boeit complied with by tho States lately in revolt. They havo altered tbeir constitutions, adopted tho amondraont abolishing slavery, attended to the condition of the freedincn, repudiated the debt contracted by them for war purposes, and in this manner showed their anxiety to reeumo constitutional relations with the Federal Gov foment. But eaob concession bu been met with a fresh demand, until, at the pro:?pt time, ten States haVe been turned .Into military divisions, top Governors, chosen by the people, superseded by Are brigadier* generals, dnd tile will of a minority Con gross placed over and above the power and authority of the institution, wee tq order to carry oat ibis scheme, which waa concocted by thy revolutionary committee of Congress, the Sonthern States are made eutyoet to a military tyranny, without limitation or responsibility, or other checks or Instructions, than that it shall use its powers literally to earryyutthe political purposes ot the ruling party in tho nation." Has this policy of concession to unlawful demands been so productive of beneflt that wa still desire to pursne it? Are we prepared for the sake of sprrffewry?that fatal, fallacy which has lured ua so far on the road to destruction thst Trojan Horse which hes brought with it an Iliad of woos to barter away the few rights remaining to u? Yet this ia the eoine we must follow, if the uocpt tern* which we know to be eontrsry to the conditions on which we ?arrendered, which are inimical to all true roooneiliation*, and whieh are in open and palpable violation of the Constitution of the United State*?of that Oonetltntion which we swear to support, at tho very moment wo are grossly outraging its most sacred provisions t Would not those who voto for thoso laws, knowing them to be unconstitutional, be guilty of perjury f What good ean come of laws whleh begin In fraud and ean be carried into offset only by perjury ? Let me not he understood ns making any re. tlee thins en these Southern men who honestly - 4 oonsslintisusly advocate oar acceptance of those military billa. Any divisions amongst us arc to be deprecated, and It is as tin wise as it is unkind to impugn the motives of men who, on many a Sold, kavo proved * * ' . *.s ** + I. ? ? ... h-?~????i ? LOLINA. SEPTEMBER 4. I their devotion to tho Sooth. Especially do I I regret tho virulent ottocka which hare been 1 ado Ob that gallant soldier who ao long and l w ably led tho illustrious Flrat Corpa of tho i truiy of Northern Virginia. It haa boon bia I lard fate, in poa?o at in war, to bo Wounded i !>y bia own people. That charity which w hope- i >th all things," and a natural distrust of oar i >wn Judgment, ahoald make ua treat tho i lonvietlons of anoh men with at leaat kindly i ind proper oonaidoration. Bat for thoao 4 who too tho rights and yet tho wrong par- i rue," who, while their eoantry Booms to bo i itraggling in tho tbroca of death, consult mly their own base (oars and low lnatincta? who, to saro their rtie property or still more rile persons, would degrade their Stato?who ?id us ocoopt dishonor m the prico of safhty? angoagc baa no tcrma strong enough, to brand heir infamy. They aro as far beyond tho each of adequato punishment In this world is they are beneath the soorn and contempt of ill honorable men. But to return to -the consideration of the iteeonstrbctlon Acta, from which this dlgroallon has led mo. What induoomonU do tho advocates of these measures hold out to ua to accept them T Can they promlao ua peace T? Look at Tennessee, and learn what kind of ;>eacc wo are to havo. Con thoy promise na an acccptabio State constitution?one that aid not be interfered with by Congress T Look it Delaware, Maryland and Kentucky?threo 14 loyal" sovereign States?which aro to be put >n trial before a Star Chamber committee, on tho charge of not having Republican constitutions. Can they promise a restoration of the Union ? Tho radical rulers expressly declaro that tboir measures aro not " finalities." Can thoy promise, oven that doubtful good; representation in the Congress of the United Statosf [ refer you to Kentucky, whoso representation are ignuminiously rejected, because rtbtla roW<1 for them ! But suppose that tho 8tate ocBcpts the terms proposed by the military bills ; that she agrees to tho permanont and total Dxclusion from her counoils of tho intelloct, the experienoe, tho wisdom and tho patriotism, ahich, in timos past, gavoher lustre ; that, initead of these noble qualities and virtues, she sommlts her political destinies to tho guidance if ignorance, inexperience, folly and radical* istn ; that abo adopts a constitution diafransbislng forever tho men who, in obeying her somniand to defend her, believed that they a'cre acving <lod ; that aho " Iiuys?ignominious purchase?short rcposo, With dying curses and tho groatia of those That served and loved, and put in her their trust." * Rupposo sbo doos all theso things, and that the radicals then graciously permit her to sond her representatives to Washington, from what class will she select tho meg who are to All tho places onco honored by Lowndes, Calhoun, UcDuffic, Preston, Cheves, Hayne, linger and their glorious compeers? The tame body whioh has shown suoh wisdom and msg? nanimnity in framing these Reconstruction Acts that are to bring so many blessings in their train, gives you the answor in the following Act of Congress ! " h Hereafter any person olocte-1 or appointed to any oflioe of .power or profit underthe GoVornment of tho United States, either in the eivil, military or naval department* of tho public scrvioo, excepting the President of tho United States, shall, before entering upon the duties of suoh offloo, and before bolng en'f tilled to any of tho salary or otbog/-emoluments thereof, take and subscribe the followidg oath:, " I do solemnly swoar, that I have never voluntarily bcurno arms against tho United States since 1 havo been m citison thereof) that I have voluntarily given no aid, counteuanee, counsel or encouragement to persons ongaged in armed hostility thereto; that X have nolthor sought nor accoptod, nor attempt ed to exeroise, the functions of any office whatever, under any authority or pretended authority In hostility to the United Stales.f. that I have i\ot yielded a voluntary support to any pretended Uovcrnmcnt, authority, power or constitution within the United Suites, hoetile or Inimical thereto. And I do further swear, that to tho best of my knowledge aad ability, 1 will eupy.o'fl and defend the Constitution of the United States against all cnomios, foreign and domestic ; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to tho same; that I take this obligation freely, without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that I will woll and falthfally discharge the duties of the office on whleh t atu about to enter ? to help me Ood ! And any person who shall fhlssly take the said oath shall be guilty of perjury, %nd on conviction, in addition to the penalties now prescribed for that ofTenoe, shall be deprived of his office, and fSnderod incapable of ever after holding any oftoe or plaee under the United States." i> representation m congress so very uosirable, that wo should tend won there who Mis take that oath, rather than that we should re* main unrepresented longer T Can the people of the gtute trust tiro so who oould or would tako it? For tbo honor of our 9tate, I should prefer that she should not be represented la the halls of Congress until! her delegates can eater them as free men, representing a sovereign State, with all her " dignity, equality and rights unimpaired." When that day comes, thShs may bo a restoration Bf the Union in fact, as as woll as in theory ; whon North and Rogth, forgiving tho past, oven if they cannot forgot it, may moot as equals on some common ground, where the honor, tho rights and the fbcllng* of both ean be recognised and respect, ed. Hut until that day docs some, in tho words of Putriek Ifenry, " Oeutlumen may ory firnee ! peace / but there in as peace f" It Is sear eel v necessary for ine to say that, cntertaiuiug tho views 1 have expressed,I think it far pfofcrablo lite State should remain in its present oondltion, under military rale, than that it should giro its rnnotion to measures which wi believe to bo illegal, uucoiutitutiou L ESVJSINr TB i i 111 i i * i , . _ _ _ ^ . ^ . *1 and rainooa. It ta jny. honest and Arm belief, that thu voluntary acceptance of those measures bjr our poopj^ would purely b(in(, not oniy to me south, but to tho whole country* evils far greater than any we have yet suffered. The North, flushed with success, and drunk with power, may not be ablo to roalise this faet; but as surely as the South falls a victim to irresponsible and anlieeneed power, 10 surely will the North lose Its liberties.? Ruin tO the South Will ro\aot on tho North, and if we are orushod into the dust, the Northern people will see Mt the foreshadowing of their own certain doom. Recognise, as an established principle, the right of any political party that may bo in tho oaoondanoy to fix upou ail wbo differ with them laws unauthor* ited by tho Constitution of the United Statos, and we shall begin that downward career whieh will lead us steadily through conlhslofl, anarchy and blood, to tho certain overthrow of rapubiiean institutions and free government. Believing this, I rogftrd it at ths duty of every man, In tho oxerciso of the right he* cordod to ail by Ihoee military bills, to oppose their adoption by all lawful means. As tto people have tho privilege, then, of expressing either assont or dlssont on this quostion, I advise them, earnestly, to record tho latter as fully and solemnly as possible. Lit rtnry Man riyliter, find cost ill vets npn'nit 7l? CoswFntion, since the quostion #ilt bo made on that Issue. fheSO, gentlemen, are tho conolustons t0 which I have boon brought t>y the most anxious consideration of those " important matter* soon to be subtnittod to the people of tho Stato." Thoy havo boon laid before you at greater length than I intended, but it seemed to mo best to let you havo my preinisos, as well as my conclusions, in order that you might judge of tho correctness of both. I can only say that I havo diacussod this momentous quostion with the singlo desire to arrive at tho truth, and I hope that it has at loast been discussed in atoinpcrato and dispassionate spirit. Let me bring ono other subject, suggested by your letter, to your consideration, and I shall tax your paticnoe no farther. *<>u say, iruiy, iuu 1, ma won db yourselves, "have ho pod mnd striven for ontire harmony of motion among our people.'* It has boon my most earnest desiro to aocure this harmony, ma it has boon my constant effort to mlimy excitement, and to counsel obodionce to tha laws.? This has boon the prevailing sentiment among our people, mnd if it fmils of its object, il will not be our fault. Aa it is of the Imat conacquenee to maintain the same amicable relatione which have hpre. tofore exlatod between the whites and tho blaota, I oannot too stjrcngly reiterate my counsel, that all classes should cultivate harmony and cxcrciso forboarnnce. Lot our people remember that tho nogroos have, as n general rule, behaved admirably, and that they are in no inannor responsible for the present condition of affairs. Should they, in the. Ibtnro, bo fhisled by wicked or dosigning men, lot'flt oonsidor how ignorant tliay necessarily arc, and lot us, only tho mote, try to convince them that wo are tholr best friends. Deal with them with perfect jus'.ice, and thus abow that you wish. to. prypmte their advanccinont and enlightenment. Do this, and tho negroes will not only learn to trust you, but tboy will soon appreciate the fact so evident to us, thrft, ?c caa do without tit<-ni far belter tktu they can do without u*. y On a lata publics occasion, wbero many of you were present, I expressed my perfect willingness to see impartial suffrage .established at tho South, and I belicvo that this opinion ft entertained, nqt only by a largo majority of tho intelligent and reflecting whites, but also oi ino same class among tno blacks, l doprccato universal suffrage, not only on general principles, but especially In the caSe befprq u|, beefuse I deny the right of Congress to prescribe ltd ruloi cf.cl Hied ship hi tile fiutaa.? Tho Supreme Court has decided that a nogui; is tot ? eitisen of the United States, andttpgrees eanpot reverse that decision by Tho States, however, are competent to rxwt fee citUensliip on Uio negro, and I think it U the part of wisdom that such action should be taken by tho Southern State*. Wo have reco?nisod tho froodoo^ cf , the blaeks> sndbavo placed this fact beyond all probability of donht, denial or recall. Let ns recognise in the same frank manner, and as fully, their political rights also. For myself, I confess that I am perfectly willing to see a constitution adopted bjr onr State, conferring th<; elective franchise on the negro, on precisely the same terms as It is to fo eAccreisod by the white man, guarding against the abuso of this privilege by establishing a slight educational and ^iroperty qualifications for nil elau>t?. I havo thus, gontlemen, endeavored to oom pry, as fully a? possible, with the request conveyed in your letter. A sense of duty to the State, and an eminent desiVo to show my respect to my fellow-cltisonu, from whom I havo received so many in ark a of kindness and confidence, are the only nioUvea which could hare Induced me to take any part in public affairs. If the crude views thrown out for your consideration, ate instrumental in arousing any one to a aenao of the dangers surrounding ua, or if they ean bo of the slightest benefit to those who bare called for them, they will have accomplished their ends. Thanking you again for the honor yon hava done me, and in asking oowttscl of me, and praying that our efforts to save onr beloved fttata from rain may be sneeeasful, I pas, with great respect and esteem, yourifrioud and lellow eiiisen, WADE HAMPTON. Columbia, August 17th, 1MT. To Massas. 0. W. Rav, W. H. Tallmt, J. If. TuottAft, . M Law, and others. The Newberry HtraUl states that Mr. W. W. Par row. whs live on the line between Nowberry dn1 Laurens LHstrieU, mot with a severe lorn on Frldsy last, by the burning of his dwulling, kitchen and lumber house, together with their evlituit" I $ (Bp a. T '' r *NO. 15. Granitovillc- . The following,extract fropi * letter writtea by. the President of the Granitevllle ConVj>eny to,A stockholder, contains the full particulars of the extest of tho damage done by the Is to freshet: , August ltf, 1867. , DkabBiR: We bod the most disastrous freshet last week, that.was ever known In Horse Greek% All tlie mUJ dams abovo here, sod In the vielnity, hsvebceoj swept away. I was absent lo Columbia, attending to the business of the Penitentiary, and If aerographed, to return immediately, as our d?m waq badly broken, which I found to be the Qeeo.. ,,|The rain duriog Wednesday was incessant, Rod my soo James was up all night in .the cuta,, with, all the available working foroe;on the dams. At two o'elock, t|>ey excluded that all was safe; but soon after, the water .f^oro dams which gave way above, oame down end raised the water until it covered the shone wall on the canal bnoV from end to end, ran over the lower eod and washed holce on both sides of thq shore, went through Ike iron gate , middle of pfchet fence on cansl,.bnok, in a stream six inches deep for sn hour, was en the d*tn injifty places, and running over lightly before 1 o'oloek; hut when the rush eame, It was thought advisable to out the dAm in a oafo place, bpf. that precaution did not prevent its breaking in a vital point,causing great damage, and .which will take two weeks or more to .repair. The cost to the company will probably reach $4,000 or $6,000. Inoluded in this estimate is ths eost of a fine covered bridge across the canal, which was sqrept away.? The large, public bridge just above the factory In the village fw carried away, as well as all our prlvato bridges about the mill. Our. lumber yard wss swept clean of 6,000 or 6,000 feet of itiprfftr. t.You are aware of our having a gate in the stone dain of four feet diameter under twenty feet head, which will discharge more than ten times the voiume.of the creek at its or dinary stage. The stone dam, 160 feet wide where the water pours over, bad four feet depth of waff 911 it, Aa soon as the dam gave way, an express-was sent t inform them at Kalmla.Miljs and,Batli Paper Mills. The water was,seven hours in Us progress to the latter'point, eo>that there fras sufficient time to draw down the pond and save t^em from, diss star. Jhe dam at KaJmia Mills was not built aeioss- the creek ' therefore they sustained but little.darn ago. At Vauejlose, above Gratiitsvillc, the,,prater was higher by three or four feet than ever known before, ev$n when their fof-tpjer. immense pond was emptied by a break jn that dam. The blacksmith shop and o'l house, also the fine bridge thereover Horse Creek, were carried pway., A fine new buggy, which s^aa. in the Yaucluse iron and wood shop for repair*, was.taken off by the flood, and oof; yet found. - I mpj add, too, that great atuftge Wlte done to the Columbia and Adgueta Railroad by the washing away of a quantity of earth-work, and datpnge ^. bridges which had been eoniplsisd,?rhotnix. M rv?.A.-? * 1.:? ? >i a?i i?\? ?Vj (yn(li,ivir, mt?n ii icpu, uv the oily,* few day a ago, handed ua a Ul) of charges a*ot him ly * Columbia meiphsnt, The good* in quoation were tep doten blooms, brought here by th? Sea Oul>k from Baltimore, and forwarded by the i South Carolina Railroad Company. t'ruin the bill, we lea?n \liat tbo Baltimore whir', age on these tap, packogeij $'as ten cents, the Charleston wharfage ninety cents, and the dra^ge sixty-fi ve cents. The Columbia s merchsWcomplains of tlitee charger, and wo were palled fo look Into the matter. We did eo,*nd foapd the ninety eeota charged for the wharfage.to be the^fealar rate?only nine times its much aa laualtiittora, and thrco times as much aa in Bsvannah. A rerjn niae arrangement, eertainly, for the what' owners, but, It would seem to ua, not on$ calculated to attract trade toonr city. Tlio shipper avore that he can even now get bin good* From the Worth to'Columbia, via 8*- . vannah, at lea* expense then via Charleston notwithslahding the sitauitunsneas of tho routs. The drayage, we are .informed , should have been Iwfefdj-hve and not elxtyfiv# cents, having been inadvertently charged aa a full dray loitd. 4 - . . .. We regret exceedingly that thehe should be any cause for oomplsints like these.The trade of this city la threatened and tapped In so many different directions, that the utmost efforts, at** necessary, on the port ojf our merchants, to correct scutes of all kinds, to as to hold out inducements tp msrehants to aome.herei instead of repelling them, ahd driving them off to othor markets nn?l other ports.? Chartr?t<m AVim. Tkk following is' tlilUr from ^familpm College Observatory, Clinton, N. Y., anted <* ? i r * l . / ' * Yesterday morning early, July 1, astronoutiea) datsj a new itjetnber of th>; group nl nsleroida wsa discovered here, in twentyone hours [nod twentyone minutes right necensloo, and twsaly oae degrees end thirty one minutes of Southern declination. This morning^ It wsa found |v have mo* ed in twenty-tonr hours^abouttwenty fire sheohdn to the West and sis minutes to the Pooth. Tletng of the eleventh magnitude, Ah<3 sffH about one month before opposition tK* ann, tlie planet promises to !> ; s . . , , , brijth* no. 1 A