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VOL. IY. NO. 6. BEAUFORT, S. C.. THURSDAY, JANUARY 13,^1876,' ^ $2.00 jir Aimiiffl. Single Cop? 5 Celts.
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Merry Christmas.
Ia the rush of early morning,
When the red borne through the grey,
And the wintry world lies waiting
For the glory of the day,
Then we bear a fitful rustling
Just without upon the stair,
Bee two small white phantoms ooming,
Catch the gleam of sunny hair.
Are they Christmas fairies stealing
Bows of little socks to fill?
Are they angels floating hither
With their messages of good-will?
What sweet spell are these elves wearing,
As like larks they chirp and sing?
Are these palms of peaoe from heaven
That these lovely spirits bring ?
Rosy feet upon the threshold,
Eager faces peeping through,
With the first red ray of sunshine,
Chanting cherubs ootne in view:
Mistletoe and gleaming holly,
Symbols of a bleeeed day,
In their chubby hands they oarry,
Streaming all along tho way.
Well we know them, never weary
Of this innocent surprise;
Waiting, watching, listening always
With foil hearts and tender eyes,
While oar little household angels,
White and golden in the son.
Greet as with the sweet old welcome?
" Merry Christmas, every one!"
THE WAY WE WASTE.
A CsspulHi Between the United States
and France?Seme Startling Flfirtt.
One of the facts brought prominently
before the world during the last few
years is, that Franoe is rich. The ease
with which she has recovered from the
disastrous, war with Prussia, and the
promptness with which she has met, not
^ only her own, but Prussia's enormous
H expenses in that war, have surprised all
9 her sister nations. Every poor man had
B his hoard of ready money, which he
was anxious to lend the state. How did
he get it ? How did he save it ? Why
is it that, in a country like ours, where
wages are high and the opportunities for
making money exceptionally good, such
Wf wealth and prosperity do not exist?
^ These are important Questions at this
time with all of us. Business is low,
industry is paralyzed, and the question
of bread stares multitudes in the faoe.
Well, Franoe is an industrious nation,
it is said. But is not ours an industrious
nation, too? Is it not, indeed, one of
the most hard-working and energetio nations
in the world ? We believe it to be
a harder-working nation than the French,
with not only fewer holidays, but no
holidays at all, and with not only less
play, but almost no play at all. It is
L said, too, that Franoe is a frugal nation.
I They probably have the advantage of us in
r this, yet to feed a laboring man and to
clothe a laboriug man and his family
there most be a definite, necessary exncnditnre
in both countries. The dif
ferenoe In wages ought to oover the difference
in expenses, and probably does.
If the American laborer spends twice
as much, or three times as much
as the French, he earns twice
or thrbe times as mnch; yet the
American laborer lays np nothing,
while the French laborer and small
farmer have money to lend to the government.
Their old stockings are long
and are fulL The wine-and the silk
which the French raise for other countries
jnast be more than counterbalanced
by onr exported gold, cotton, aud
breadstuffs, so that they do not have
any advantage over us, as a nation, in
what they sell to other nations ? We
shall have to look farther than this for
the secret we are after.
There lies a book before us written
by Dr. William Hargreaves, entitled,
"Oar Wasted Resources." We wish
that the politicians and political economists
of this country could read this
book, and ponder well its shocking
revelations. They are revelations of
criminal waste?the expenditure of almost
incalculable resources for that
which brings nothing, worse than nothing,
in return. Thero are multitudes
of people who regard the temperance
question as one of morals alone. The
men whs drink say simply: "We will
drink what we please, and it's nobody's
business. You tempo ran oe men are pestilent
fellows, meddlesome fellows, who
obtrude your tuppenny standard of
morality upon us, aud we do not want,
and will not accept it. Because you
are virtuous, shall there be no more
cakes or ale?" Very well, let us drop it
as a question of morality. You will
surely look at it with us as a question of
national economy aud prosperity; else,
you can hardly regard yourselves as patriots.
We have a common interest in
the national prosperity, and we can discuss
amicably any subject on this common
ground.
France produoes its own wines, and
drinks mainly cheap wine. It is a drink
which, while it does them no good, according
to the showing of their own
physicians, does them harm enough to
interfere with their industry. Their
drinking wastes neither life nor money
as ours does, and they sell in value to
other oountries more than they drink
themselves. During the year 1870, in
the State of New York, there were expended
by oonsnmers for liqnor more
than one hundred and six millions of
dollars, a sum which amounted to nearly
two-thirds of all the wages paid to laborers
in agriculture and manufacturers,
and to nearly twice as much as all
receipts of all the railroads in the State,
the sum of the latter being between
sixty-eight and sixty-nine millions. The
money of our people goes across the bar
all the time faster than it is crowded
into the wickets of all the railroad stations
of the State, and where does it go?
What is the return for it? Diseased
stomachs, aching heads, discouraged
and slatternly homes, idleness, gout,
crime, degradation, death. These in
various measures, are exactly what we
get for it. We gain of that which iu
good, nothing?no uplift in morality, no
increase o? industry, no accession to
health, growth of prosperity. Our
State is full of tramps, ana every one ii
a drunkard. There is demoralization
everywhere, in consequence of this
wasteful stream of fiery fluid that constantly
flows down the gullet of the
State.
m
/
Bu t New York State is not alone. The
liquor bill of Pennsylvania during 1870
was more than sixty-five millions of dollars,
a sum equal to one-third of the entire
agricultural product of the State.
Illinois paid more than forty-two millions,
and Ohio more than fifty-eight
millions. Massachusetts paid more than
twenty-five millions, a sum equal toflvesizftltB
of her agricultural products,
while the liquor bill of Maine was only
about four millions and a quarter. Mr.
Hargreaves takes the figures of Massachusetts
and Maine to show how a prohibitory
law does, after all, reduce the
drinking; but it is not our purpose to
argue this question.
What we desire to show is, that, with
an annual expenditure of $600,000,000
for liquors in the United States?and all
the figures we give are based upon official
statistics?it is not to bo wondered
at that the times are hard and people
poor. Not only this vast sum is wasted;
not only the capital invested is diverted
from good uses, and all the industry involved
in production taken from benefioent
pursuits, but health, morality, respectability,
industry, and life are destroyed.
Sixty thousand Americans
annually lie down in a drunkard's grave.
It were better to bring into the field and
shoot down sixty thousand of our young
men every year, than to have them go
through all the processes of disease,
degradation, crime, and despair through
which they inevitably pass.
With six hundred millions of dollars
saved to the country annually, how long
would it take to make these United
States rich not only, but able to meet,
without disturbance and distress, the
rAT-nlfiimiH in bnsiness to which all na
tioas are liable ? Here is a question for
the statesman and the politician. Twenty-five
years of absolute abstinence from
the consumption of useless, and worse
then useless, liquors, would save to the
country fifteen billions of dollars, and
make us the richest nation on the faoe
of the globe. Not only this sum?beyond
the imagination to comprehend?
would be saved, but all the abominable
consequences of misery, disease, disgrace,
crime and death, that would flow
from the consumption of such an enormous
amount of poisonous fluids, would
be saved. And yet temperance men are
looked upon as disturbers and fanatics!
And we are adjured not to bring tem"
peranoe into politics!* And this great
tronsoendent question of economy gets
the go by, while we hug our little issues
for the sake of party and of office! , Do
wo not deserve adversity ??Dr. J. O.
Holland in Scribner.
Scraping a Hole for Headache.
Headache is bad enough anywhere,
but our readers who have it often,
should be thankful that they do not live
in the Loyalty islands. The Scientific
American thus describes a fearful and
wonderful method of " cure " practiced
there : There is a well known trick performed
by the clowns in pantomimes,
to the mystification of the boys, which
consists in shooting a hole in a man's
head, and then plugging up the orifice
with a carrot, thus completely curing
the apparently assassinated individual.
While it is, of course, very ridiculous,
it is not more so than a somewhat similar
cpeiation practiced by the inhabitants
of Uvea, an island in the Loyalty
group.
These queer people have a notion that
when a person gets a headache his skull
is cracked, or that the bone is pressing
down on the brain. Consequently they
proceed to euro the trouble by cutting
open the scalp and scraping a hole in
the cranium with a bit of glass, and then
stopping the aperture with a piece of
oocoanut shell rubbed smooth.
Sometimes the surgeon scrapes too
far and injures the pia mater, when the
patient is killed; but ordinarily the boring
prooeeds to the dura mater, leaving
a hole in the skull. It seems that few
adults are without perforated heads, and
that the coooanut patch is common.
Poisoning by a Lamp Shade.
At a meeting of a medical society in I
Bonn, Prussia, Professor Zuntz brought
forward a case in which agentleman who
had for several years been subject to migraine
observed that for some days he
had headache, which, without interfering
with sleep, continued in the morning,
and was accompanied with loss of appetite
and unpleasant feelings. In about a
fortnight the symptoms became more '
severe, and lasted the whole day. At i
the same time similar symptoms, but
much less severe, appeared in two students
who sat at the same table in the
evening. The green shade of the petroleum
lamp was suspected to be the cause
of the mischief, and on chemical examination
it was found to contain arsenic.
Its use being discontinued, all the symptoms
ceased in the three individuals. It
was evident that the heat of the lamp
had set free the arsenic, and the greater
! severity of the symptoms in the first
. mentioned individual was due to the fact
; that he was near-sighted, and therefore
I sat nearer the lamp than the others did.
, Professor Zuntz said that he himself
I was some years affected in a similar way,
' though less severely, while using a green
i lamp shade, in which arsenic was found.
Bread tha? was Read.
Not far out in the suburbs of Boston,
says the Transcript, is an ancient burying
place, wherein are headstones that
afford food for the antiquarian mind,
which are zealously guarded by a faithful
sexton. Recently this custodian
missed one of the earliest dated of the
mortuary memorials, and he put all his
wits to work to discover its whereabouts
for some time without success. One
Sunday morning he went to his baker's
for the customary Sunday breakfast of
brown bread and beans. In serving the
j repast his eyes foil upon something un- i
usual on the under face of the loaf? j
" Here lyes ye "?in reverse order, i
which, after some study, he succeeded j
in deciphering. No breakfast passed j
the sexton's lips until the cause of this
strange impress was solved. He hastenened
to the baker's for a solution. The ,
bakehouse adjoined the cemetery. The
floor of the baker's oven had given out, i
and the break had been covered with the
ancient gravestone, which, happily for
the sexton's peace of mind, was uninjured
by the heat to which it had been
subjected.
The Outside Passenger.
It was in the old days of stage coaches,
and one of those huge, lumbering ye- 1
hides was plowing its way between Boston
and Salem in a driving rain storm,
filled inside and outside with a jolly jam
of passengers.
Among the number of the more fortunate
insiders was a respectable, baldheaded
old gentleman, who seemed to
be very solicitous about a lady riding on
the roof. Every few minutes he popped
out his head, regardless of the rain, and
shouted to someone above: "Well, how
is she now?" And the answer came:
"All right."
"Is she getting wet?" inquired the
old man.
"No, not much," was the reply.
"Well, can't you put something
'round her? 'Twill never do to have
her get wet, you know."
"We've got everything round her we
can get."
"Haven't you got an old coat or
rug?"
"No; not a rag more."
A sympathetic young man, hearing all
this, and feeling alarmed for the poor
lady out in the storm, inquired of the
old gentleman, why they didn't have
her ride inside, and not out on the roof.
"Bless you, there ain't room!" exclaimed
the old man.
"Not room! Why, IH give her my
plaoe; it's too bad!"
"Not at all, sir, not at all. We could
not get her into this stage anyhow."
Amazed at her prodigious dimensions,
the kind young man said: "Well, sir,
if my ooat would be of any servioe to
you she may have it;" and, suiting the
action to the word, he took off that garment
and handed it to the old gentleman.
"It's almost a pity, sir, to get your
overcoat wet, but"?
" Not at all, sir; by no means; pass it
up to her."
"The ooat was accordingly passed up.
"HowH that do for her?" asked the
old gentleman.
?Tin.fftn f .Tnut the ticket! All riarht
- r -~r w
now.
Thus relieved, no further anxiety was
manifested about the outside passenger
till the stage arrived at the inn, when
what was the sympathetic and gallant
young man's surprise and indignation to
find that his nice coat had been wrapped
around?not a fair lady of unusual proportions,
but?a double bass viol!
Taking Toll.
A gentleman* of an autobiographic
turn relates how he was instructed in
the custom of taking toll by a sprightly
widow, during a moonlight sleigh-ride
with a merry party. He says:
The lively widow L. sat in the same
sleigh, under the same buffalo robe, with
me.
"Oh! oh ! don't, don't I" she exclaimed,
as we came to the first bridge, at the
same time catching me by the arm and
turning her veiled face towards me, while
her little eyes twinkled through the
moonlight,
"Don't what?" I asked. "I'm not
doing anything."
" Well, but I thought you were going
to take toll," replied the widow.
"Toll!" I rejoined. " What's that ?"
" Well, I declare !" cried the widow,
her clear laugh ringing out above the
music of the bells, " you pretend you
don't know what toll is 1"
" Indeed I don't, then," I said, laughing;
"explain, if you please."
14 Ynn never heard, then." said the
widow, most provokingly?" you never
heard that when we are cn a sleigh-ride
the gentlemen always, that is, sometimes
?when they cross a bridge claim a
kiss, and call it toll. But I never
pay it."
I said that I had never heard of it
before; but when we came to the next
bridge I claimed the toll, and the widow's
struggles to hold the veil over her face
were not enough to tear it. At last the
veil was removed, her round, rosy face
was turned directly towards mine, and in
the clear light of a, frosty moon the toll
was taken, for the'first time in my experience.
Soon we came to a long bridge. 1
with several arches; the widow eaid it ;
was of no use to resist a man who would :
have his own way, so she paid the toll ;
without a murmur. ]
4t But you won't take toll for every
arch, will you?" she said, so archly that '
I could not fail to exact all my dues; j
and that was the beginning of my courtship.
Bad Speculations.
It is an evil of the intense competition
in great mercantile communities
that it drives many from the walks of
legitimate business into schemes of
speculation with reference to sndden and
extravagant gains. The history of
frauds teaches that they originate chiefly
in the attempt to grow rich rapidly by
financiering rather than by diligence in
business. Financiering has its place in
legitimate business. Some men have a
talent for this, which is as trne a mark
of genius as is poetry or art. Bat it is
not a talent that every man can acquire,
and it is fortunate that this is so; for if
all the world should turn financiers, the
earth itself would soon go into bankruptcy.
Now, the calamity of, a great
city is that every one who gains a little
money takes to financiering as a readier
mode of increasing it than regular business.
Wall street, the focus of financiering,
gives a tone to the whole business
community.
Bnt financiering is a deep game ; and
he who leaves an honest toil in a business
that he does understand, for calculations
of chance in matters where he has
no skill, is very apt to beoome the loser,
and, as in all lotteries, to grow desperate
in the attempt to make up his losses.
We do not speak of investments in stock
as property, but of the spirit of speculation
; and we have no donbt that a just
verdict upon many cases of fraud would
be: " This man lost his capital and his
character by speculation in stocks."
Keep, therefore, to honest toil in a legitimate
business, and do not aspire to become
a financier. " Be content with
such things as ye have."
Two telegraph operators in separate
Hartford offices quarreled over the wires
until one challenged the other to meet
him half way and tight. They met and
had it out in fisticuffs.
JIM WHALEN'S DEATH.
The Story of a Brave Pilot?How he Died. .
"It makes me feel kinder sad," said
the pilot, pointing to the bank as the
boat was plowing the current near Lake ;
Providence, seventy-five miles above J
yicksbnrg. "When they buried him, '
twenty years ago, the grave was a dozen
rods from the water, but the treacherous J
current has eaten and eaten at the bank J
till another week will fleat poor Jim
away."
The passengers saw the end of a coffin
sticking out of the bank, six or eight ;
inches above water. It is a lonely spot
on the river i with no sound to break the 1
desolation except the beat of paddle- !
wheels as the steamers hurry along.
"It was Jim Whalen," continued the 1
pilot, as the passengers turned to him ;
for an explanation. " He had a wife
and babe in Orleans, and was a straight ;
man. He knew every snag and bar in
the river, and he could put his boat '
through any shute in the darkest night 1
you ever saw. Jim didn't brag, and
some of the pilots called him a chicken.
Chicken! He was the biggest eagle :
that ever flew up or down this creek,
and that ar* coffin proves it!" s
He shoved the boat out a little, answered
a signal from an ascending steam- <
er, and continued:
" I was a cub then?just learning the ,
business of Jim. Ton never seed a
man who'd do his level best for a boy as
kindly as Jim would. No swearing or
cussing or cuffing, but as quiet and softspoken
as a born lady. When they laid
him away down there I couldn't have
felt worse if the old man himself had
been pitched into heaven."
He asked for a chew of tobacco, and
1? ?.HIaJ ?4 Viva lnft /IVOAV I
ilttVIllg tWl?VlCU AH 05MU0* AMD ?VA? VMwa
he said:
" Oyer there by that gloomy canebrake,
at midnight, nigh on to twenty
fears ago, the General Taylor took fire.
was asleep in the texas, Jim at the
wheel, and a hundred passengers were
asleep. How the fire started no one
knew. The whole boat blazed right up
in aminute, scorohingand roasting people
afore they had heard the alarm. Whew!
but wasn't it awful ? I went overboard
with nothing on but my cotton, and my
heels blistering, and passengers and
crew tumbled after."
The pilot rolled up his sleeve to exhibit
the marks of the flame, and then
continued :
" Not all of 'em. Thirty or forty ran
for'ard, wild like, and afraid to jump.
The texas was afire before I jumped,
and as I floated in the river I saw tne
red tongues of flames leaping around
the pilot house. Jim was thar', and
thar' he staid. The water was up, the
current heavy, and the wind blowing
agin us, keeping the fire back. If Jim
went overboard it was good-bye to fifty
human souls. He saw it, and that's
where glory covered him from head to
foot. He held her dead level up?she
ran till the engines stopped?till half tho
boat was burned?till the flames burned
every hair off his head, and roasted him
as the women serve a piece of meat.
When the engines stopped the boat
drifted down, and at last help came from
other steamers. Jim was picked up in
the river, swimming like a duck, but
died in five minutes." :
There was a long pause, and then he
added :
" Jim Whalen's backbone saved, all
them folks. He died afore they could
thank him. There wasn't a passenger
or deck hand who didn't cry like a child;
but all they could do was to bury the
poor roasted body and press the sods
down lightly. Year by year the river
has been eating its way to the grave,
and while we chall miss it, well all feel
as if the big river had more right to tho
coffin of brave Jim Whalen than the
shore. It's only his bones lying there?
only his dust which will float away ; for
tnongll llie gate 01 iieaveii 10 utuiuw, iv
was open plenty vide enough for Jim
Whaleu to go in with all steam on."?
Vicksburg Herald,
A Gambler's Fate.
Among the innumerable anecdotes related
of the rain of persons at play, there
is one worth relating which refers to a
Mr. Porter, an English gentleman, who,
in the reign of Queen Anne, possessed
one of the best estates in Northumberland,
the whole of which he lost at hazard
in twelve months. Aooording to the
story told of this madman, for we can
call him nothing else, when he had just
completed the loss of his last acre at a
gambling house in London, and was proceeding
down stairs to throw himself
into his carriage to carry him to his
house in town, he resolved upon having
one throw more to retrieve bis Jpsaes, and
immediately returned to the room where
the play was going on. Nerved for the
worst that might happen, he insisted
n/Mvinn nVinm VlO Vlftil VtAPn T>1aV
tiiUl biiC nuvu* 1?^
ing -with should give him one more
chance of recovery or fight with him.
His proposition was tbi?: that his carriage
and horses, the trinkets and loose
money in his pockets, his town house,
plate and furniture?in short all he had
left in the world except the clothes on
his back, should be valued in a lump at
a certain price, and be thrown for at a
single cast No persuasion could prevail
upon him to depart from his purpose.
He threw, and lost; then, conducting
the winner to the door, he told his ooachman
that there was his master, and j
marched forth into the dark and dismal
streets, without house or home, or any J
other creditable means of support.
Thus beggared, he retired to an obscure I
lodging in a cheap part of the town, subsisting
partly on charity, sometimes acting
as the marker in a billiard game, and
occasionally as helper at a livery stable.
In this miserable condition, and with
nakedness and famine staling him in the
face, exposod to the taunts and insults
of those whom he once supported, he
was recognized by an old friend, who
gave him ten guineas to purchase necessaries.
He expended five in purchasing
decent apparel. With the remaining
five he repaired to a common gaming
house, and increased them to fifty. He
then adjourned to one of the higher
order of houses, sat down with former
associates, and won twenty thousand
Jiounds. Returning the next night, he
ost it all, and once more penniless, and
after subsisting many years in abject
penury, died, a ragged beggar, at a penny
lodging house in St. Giles'.
AN INCIDENT OF THE WAS. ;
A SeaiarkiBIe IHTeT Between the Commandere
?1 a Federal ud a Southern
Scout.
A surgeon oAtbe army writes th? following
letter': On the twelfth day* of ,
June, 1863, I witnessed a duel between
a Capt. Jones, oommanding a Federal
scout, and Oapt. Fry, commanding a
Southern scout, in Greene county, East
Tennessee. These two men had been
fighting each other for six months, with
the fortunes of battle in the favor of one
and then the other. Their commands
were camped on either side of lick
creek, a large and sluggish stream, too.
deep to ford and too shallow for a ferryboat
; but there ,a . bridge spanned tne
stream for the convenience of the traveling
public. Each, of them guarded this
bridge, that communication should go
neither north or south, as the railroad
track had been broken up months before.
After fighting each other for several
months, and contesting the point as
to which should hold the bridge, they
agreed to fight a duel, the conqueror to
hold the bridge undisputed for the time
being. Jones gave the challenge, and
Fry accepted. The terms were that they
should fight with navy pistols at twenty
yards apart, deliberately walking toward
each other, and firing until the last
chamber of their pistols was discharged,
unless one or the other fell before all the
discharges were made. They chose their
seconds, and agreed upon a Southern
sufgeon (as he was the only One in either
oWarJ frt ffiAm in rwifl of
wimiiauuj iv uvwuu w, -
danger, if
Jones was certainly a fine-looking
fellow, with light hair and bine eyes, five
feet ten indies in height, looking every
inch the military chieftain. He was a
man that soldiers would admire aid
ladies regarded with admhation. I never
saw a man more oool, determined atd I
heroic under such circumstances.
Fry was a man full six feet high, j
slender, with long, wavy, curling hair, I
jet black eyes, wearing a slouch hat and
gray suit, and looking rather the dembn
than the man. There was nothing fero- J
eious about him; but he had that selfsufficient
nonchalance (hat said: "I
will kill you." Without a doubt, he
was brave, oool and collected, and, $1- [
though suffering from a terrible flesh
wound in his left arm, received a week
before, he manifested no symptoms of I
distress, but seemed for the fight [
The ground wm stepped off by the
seconds, pistols loaded and exchanged, !
and the principals brought face to fade. |
I shall never forget that meeting. Jones, I
in his military, boyish mood, as they
shook hands, remarked that? - j
n , J 1
A soldier braves death for aisnoiiul wreath, j
When in glory's romantic career. . , , j
i Fry caught up the rest of the sen-1
tenoe, and answered by saying : ? . j fcf
Tet he bends o'er the foe when In battle laid
low, |4
And bathes every wound with a tear. ? ' i j
They turned around and walked baik I
to the point designated. Jones' second j
had the word '" Fire;" and, as he slejr-1
ly said : " One?two?three?fire!" thiy I
simultaneously turned at the word
"One," and instantly fired. Neither
was hurt. They cocked their piston,
and deliberately walked toward each
other, firing as they went.. i At the fif h
shot, Jones threw up his right haul,,
and, firing his pistol in the air, flU k
down. Fry was in the act of firing hps
last shot; but, seeing Jones fall, silent y j
lowered his pistol, dropped it "to11 ie
ground, and Sprang to Jones' side, ta c-1
ing his head in his lap as he sat dow i,
and asked him if he was-hurt.
I discovered that Jones was shot
through the region of the stomach, the
bullet glancing around that organ, and
coming out to the left of the spinal column
; besides, he had received* three
other frightful flesh wounds in other
portions of his body. I dressed fcis-j
wounds, and gave him such stimulants
as I had. He afterward got welL
Fry received three wounds?one breaking
his left arm, one in the left, and tbe
other in the right sideJ After months
of suffering he got well, Neither of j
them asked for a discharge, but both j
resumed their commands when they got J
well, and fought the war out to the bit-1
ter end, and to-day are partners in a
wholesale grooery business down South,
doing a good business, and verifying
the sentiment of Byron that " A soldier
braves death," etc.
> yi
. ? - lr { .
Wolves In France.
The number of breeding wolves in
France is estimated at 1,000, and the
number of whelps born in the months of
May and June at about 2,50Q. One thousand
eight hundred wolves on an average
are killed annually. It is believed
that at the commencement of April 2,000
wolves are aefcivain committing depredations.
The direct damage committed by
each of them is estimated at about 1,000
francs' worth of cattle, representing al- f
together 2,000,O0Q francs. Much greater
damage, however, is inflicted by the i
wolves indirectly, as owing to them the
farmers are obliged to have folds for
more than 20,000,000 sheep, which
causes an expenditure of hundreds of
millions. The Jonrnal de VAgriculture
believes that if proper measures were
taken the wolves' could be extirpated in
four or live years.
Two Bright Animals.
Two dogs were often observed to go
to a certain point together, when the
small one remained behind at a corner of
a large field, while the mastiff went
around bv the side of the field, which
ran up hill for nearly a mile and led to a
wood on the left. Game abounded in
those distriots, and the objeot of the
dogs' arrangement was soon seen. The
terrier would start a hare and chase it
up hill towards the large wood at the
summit, where they arrived somewhat
tired. At this point the large dog,
which was fresh and had rested after his
walk, darted after the animal, which he
usually captured. They then ate the
hare between them and returned home.
This course had been systematically carried
on for some time before it was fully
understood. ji
The adoption of the name "Lordsday,"
to displace " Sunday " or "the
Sabbath," is nrged by some of the religious
papers. *
A CUE 10US WILL CASE.
TM Will CuuM be Feaad bat tbe *?!
denee of a Yonag Lady Hobatitated for It.
The St Leonards will case will take
its place as one of the most remarkable
t>f the interesting class of suits to which
it belongs, and as Sir Henry James, one
of the counsel, observed in the coarse
of his speech, will become a precedent.
Apart from the actual point at issue,
there were many subsidiary features ol
interest. The testator was the son of a
small tradesman in a provincial town ;
he had risen to be Lord Chancellor ol
Ireland, and then of England ; and not
Withstanding the ardnousness of his
career, his life had been so extraordinarily
protracted that, although he died in
January last, he was almost a man when
the union took place between the twc
countries in which he was destined to
hold the highest legal position. Lord
St. Leonards was a very careful man in
money matters, and accumulated a vasl
fortune
The disposal of this money seems to
have become with him, as it has with
many ..other old men in his country and
elsewhere, almost a monomania. The
last Lord Ctornwallis always carried hif
will about his person, and Lord St Leon
<n./la vrnnt ta have His Drecious docu
jpent close at band in a tin box, oi
which he supposed that he alone possessed
the key. For many years prioi
to his death, the person who most of all
enjoyed his confidence was his unmarried
daughter, and to her he habitually
dilated pn the disposition he had made
of his property; until she was familial
with the minutest details of the testamentary
instrument, ?
.When the old man came to die, the
tin bol was searched in vain. The will
was gone.- From March, 1874, until the
date of his death, the tin box had remained
in hie daughter's room, and she
had a direct interest in preserving the
wilL For if, in consequence of the disappearance
of the will, it were held to
have been revoked bt the testator, an
immense benefit would accrue to the
present peer, and a corresponding disadvantage
to ethers interested. When
the will was missing from its accustomed
repository, all avauable means were resorted
tjo for recovering it, but without
auceess, so that it became necessary to
haW recourse to law. The decision
which has been given by the judge ol
the probate department ot the high
court of justice will, we believe, meet
with general approval. He has sustained
the will on the evidence of its
content# famished by Miss Sagden.
To that lady's integrity both sides wen
ready to testify, and a comparison between
her recollection of its contents
with the codicils and other corroborative
testamentary documents, satisfied
the judge , that her meinory was . to be
entirely relied upon, As to the disappearance
of the will, the jadige. could
find nothing at all tQ account for its destruction
by the testator, and (hough he
observed that it was not for him to suggest
any theory as to its- disappearance,
he gave-a hint, which was significant.
,<:The case," he' said; " illustrated the
M4o security under which Lord St
Leonards lived, and in which they 'al
lived, for while he believed, that there
wasonjy one key in the house whicl
would open the box in which this wil
was placed, there turned out to be four.
He believed the will was lost from the
-?? /kioIa^v ?r? whuth i|
111BK1UUJI Vi ww liusivwj ?u - P,
was placed.
/ [ - < f\* . *
. - Borrowed Dividends.
The New York Tribunet referring U.
the matter of borrowing money to paj
dividends with, says: So few corpora
tions, comparatively speaking, ore earn
ing more than their interest aud thou
.expenses, that it is a sort of distinctioi
to be able to pay dividends, and a boaro
of directors, in doubt as to the pro
priety of declaring a dividend, mighl
easily be- induced to vote for il
througlitkis feeling; of innocent pride.
But .in the vast majority of cases where
unearned dividends are declared, the
motives which govern the mer who dc
it axe by no means so venial. They are
simply dishonest, and the act is oiearelj
fraudulent. It is done for two or three
reasons, all equally unavowable.
Sometimes the dividend itself is the
object. Where the directors are large
stockholders the two or three per cent
brings in no inconsiderable sum to theii
private - pouches. But what is of innnitelv
more importance, the usual reSalt
of such a declaration is an immediate
advance in the price of stock, by
means of which the holders are able &
onload upon the ignorant and enterprising
public. The issuing of bonds, the
creation of floating debt, and the varinns
forms of kite-nvine to which mafia
gers resort when they" propose to pay
dividends which hare not been earned,
are all channels of dishonest gain to the
small inside rings of operators by which
so many . corporations are governed.
These devices have been practiced so
long that they have attained a certain
sanction in business circles, and are regarded
rather as "questionable irregularities
" than as downright swindling.
The declaration of a dividend, when
none has been earned, is not a mere trick
of trade. It is a fraud at common law,
and any one who is swindled by this
means into the purchase of worthless
stock has the right to bring an action
against those who have been guilty ol
the fraud. If a few dozen people would
bring such suits, and lay open in a court
'"oh'/w* *Vio nr/wvMdinmi of ns many
V* J UDllW ?uv J^r*. , ^ ^
rotten board?, it would be of great advantage
to the public, and would open
t: e eyes not only of speculators bat of
those respectable and dull corporation
figure-heads who know nothing of the
doings of their sharper associates, and
whose names are used merely as decoys
for f|tie unwary.
It would be a good thing just now to
bring snch suits. At the present time
hundreds of boards are consulting
whether they shall frankly declare that
their companies have earned nothing
this year, or shall cook their accounts so
-SB to justify a dividend. A large number
of others are not discussing the mat
ter at all. They are busy devising ways
and means of concealing their trne condition
and of hoodwinking the public
by a false balance sheet. A strong ex
pression of public opinion now would
induoe those who are reasonably honest
*. Cv 4 U M . ' * ?.s /
\ f - - - '
to face the truth, and may convince the
other kind that nothing is gained by a
division of juggled gains.
Fashion Notes.
The "Zara" sleeve is new and particularly
dressy in thin goods.
Hosiery for evening wear is of silk,
matching the tint of the dress, the shoes,
high or low, strapped over the instep,
r disclosing its beauty and fineness.
Quite a reaction has taken place in the
, style of brides' dresses, much more
' costly material being used than formerly,
and considerably lees trimming. White
' brocaded silks are in demand, and soft
_ satin finished failles. A peculiar quality
of this silk is called " bride's satin." It
is of the purest texture, and costs $10
( per yard. Only one house has it. Lace
i is not used with these fabrics. Tulle
, alone is permitted for the veil, and for
fine plaiting at the neck and wrists.
. The robes themselves are cut loose and
' made ia an exceedingly simple style,
> without puffing, flouncing or overskirt
The clinging walking skirt now measures
three yards around the feet It consists
of one front gore, a narrow gore on
' each side, and a single breadth of wide,
and two breadths of narrow material for
tiie back. Trains are made narrower
| than during the summer. A few months
ago it was somewhat difficult to sit down
| and look graceful when wearing a fashi
ionably cut dress, bat now such an
J. oil ivnf ati imnnmnhilitv I
OUIiiOVCiUCIilf 10 ou mu? mm ?>., y
| and yet these narrow, clinging skirts,
draped with indefinable folds, are con[
sidered so artistic that comfort is sacrificed
apparently without a sigh.
Oolored petticoats for muddy streets
and bad we&her are in demand. Some
are made in black and white, or of gray
striped wool, trimmed with black vel1
vet, but the most elegant are of. red
wool trimmed with black velvet and narrow
black lace. Handsome and lady-like
are those in quilted silk.
The very latest in silk neckties have a
' crochetted slide that gives them the:ap- 1
pearance of the gents' Warren scarf.
1 Black and white cashmere insertion is
combine-?, and forms a very pretty lace
| scarf. Lace - scarfs with small polka
dots, embroidered with straw, are vary
effective.
Very wide and long sashes are now
' made of fine woofln check-like tartans.
\ These sashes are trimmed at each side
K with a black velvet band, embroidered
; in white silk, finished with a row of
' fringe. It is very easy to drape this
sash over a black silk or black velvet
1 dress, and when tied at the aide, it
forfifeqiiite a charming tonic.
~~~ 3 7~ dtfif
, The Tramps' Signals,
A World reporter visited a meeting of
I tramps and gives the following as part
? of the proceedings : The code of secret
- signals to be chalked on the gates and
I doors of all houses visited by members
. of the fraternity was revised. .These
? cannot, of oonnse, be given withput 4?
fnment to the public service, bhfc it
may be generally stated that there are
two genehd classes, each containing sev>
eral' subdivisions. Thus in the good
class are ranked the widow whose son
I ran away and may, perhaps, be wanting
> a meal himself; the fat old farmer in bis
i shirt sleeves who assures his wifo. that
1 what the tramp eats will never be mfss.
ed, and the man who wishes it waif bet>
ter. In the category of those who have
k fallen under the wrath of the association
are included the raw-boned woman
who reaches for a broomstick so soon
" J L
88 uxe trump ouvexn, uk win m nuuuiu .
who turns off the cock of hi* eloquence
) with tho remark : " We've got a family *
r Bible and we don't want no whisks, nor
- clothes-pins, nor wire egg-beaters, nor
. sewing machines?so git;" the pious
t man who say:, a long grace, which is a
i declaration of armed neutrality against
I all people who are not householders;
- the woman who doesn't offer to help
\ twice till * her husband has coughed
; apologetically and stepped on her toe,
, and the man who asks why the tramp
i don't try to get work and says : " JLook
) at me! Twenty-seven years ago, I"?
> Where the favorable signal is displayed,
) members of the brotherhood are re
quected to wipe their boots on the mat
? and make no mistakes about the spoons.
Where, however, the emblem of hatred
> and revenge is inscribed, though the
i association strongly reprehends any violent
or destructive measures, it will not
construe too rigorously uny of its laws
forbidding the slaving of hens who at.
tack members as they are peaceably inspecting
the poultry yard at night, or
tie knocking of hot ashes from the
i, pipe at morning into the hay where the
member has been sleeping over night
i ~
Origin of the Indians.
The origin of the American Indians
' has long been an insoluble mystery.
Various theories have been devised to
> account for the peopling of theoontii
Lent. There is the theory which assumes
that a party of Tartars skated
1 across Behrings straits in the remote
past, and being compelled by a sudden
thaw to abandon the idea of returning,
took np a permanent residence here,
and proceeded to supply tne continent
i with a population of red men of assorted
varieties. Hypothetical Japanese are
also said to have drifted across the Pai
oifio in a disabled junk, and we are asked
i to believe that their descendants are the
i straight-eyed and oopper colored sav'
a gen. Years ago, an ingenious traveler
i discovered a tribe of Indians auuicted to
? speaking Welsh.
In October, 1874, Mr. Eisinger was
one of a party of United States troops
i which captured a band of Cheyenne In
diacs. Confident that no civilised pert
son could understand their jargon, tho
1 Cheyennes conversed loudly and freely.
.. Mr. Eisiuger overheard them, and,
i his great surprise, found that he could
understand everything they said. Their
1 language was identical with his own, and
> on informing his commanding ofiiccv
: that he conld understand Cheyenne, lie
'< obtained his discharge from the army
! aud his appointment as interpreter.
? Subsequently he found that the Arapahoes
and the Comaiches spoke the
same soft Graubnndenian tongue, and
i he therefore believes tiiat he lias demon
strated that the Indians of tho Sonth
' west are neither more nor less than wau
dering children of the Swips republic.
I The whole question is as deeply
i I buried in mystery as ever,