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Tl -' - n. r.J- - -???_^___-^^______^___^-m_. TWO DOLLARS PER ANNUM.] f 44 tii33 pnicu op lixi Jimtt" ije? BTmriKr a.x, vici-lu anob." [PAYABLE IN ADVANCE BY DAVIS & CREWS. ABBEVILLE, S. C , THURSDAY MORNING, JUNE 16, 1859 VOL. XVI NO 8. _ _ _ _ ll " _ _ ???????^aii.1?From the iWie York ObtcrviY. ? ? ... . I ???* i ?? ? I IVAI'A Ant i.r. . ? l-.i.-..? ? ? ?* *' 1 ntTAT wna vnAi/inr>iu)i w luiflhLU, WESLEY'**TH CHE! OF THEIR SUCCESS AND POWI ll\' KKV. NICHOLAS MU It It AY, I). L I was present in tlie General Assc of Ireland in the year 1851, and wlici deputation from Scotland, headed l>\ I)?ft', addressed that venerable body, by the side of a member of the depnl when one of his brethren made an ad in a manner the most excited. He 1 very large man ; and when he let ou 'voice to its full pitch, suited tho acti< ''.lie word by a heavy stamp with his upon the platform, it would seem as i rbuilding and audience trembled togi ^Ylien, dripping with perspiration, he eluded, I asked my neighbor whether was a fair specimen of the manner of Scottish ministers. lie replied thai 'Chalmers went often, as far beyond as went beyond ordinary taincness; and gave me an account of a speech deli by hi in in the (ieucral Assembly of land, during the heated controversies v led to tho disruption. It is doubtles same speech to which his eloquent si law and biographer, l>r. Hannah, al in the ll*tlh page of the 4th volm his life. Tlic decision of tlie courts u Ticre pronounced against the party hi by Chalmers, and the ablest men of Moderate party were there to sustain I Scotland, from tlie Tweed to the Oil was excited. A'! eyes were lu rned Uio coining Assembly. It met, and tho for the great discussion tviis lived. It ved. and the hi?r lif?:i?l of Senthiiul vv;it 1|< its strongest pulsations. Tlie deltaic oj at 11 at noon, to a house densely pa The Moderates, clerical and lay , pit* their case logically and powerfully. A they concluded, who was to reply i 1' eye turned to Chalmers. As if in p for divine aid, lie bowed for a few imui in his seat, during which the vast and was breathless, lie rose and tlie die which greeted him was as tlie som many waters. And the in agnifiecnt tion in which lie met the courts of and questioned their decisions?in w lie met his opponents, and gave their ; nionts to tbe winds?in which he n turned the independence of the Church, tlie doctrine of lion intrusion?in whic asserted if there re a Queen in the S there in a King in the Church?oceu .1 i I i: inn**: nours in Mciivciv. Tim crisis was a great on<\ and he n met it. N'evor was Demosthenes more qiK'iit?l\iul more fearless? never "Whitfield more successful. U nder hi but inspired periods the vast asscml swayed like a field of grain before wind* of summer. When ho cotielu lie was wrapt up in cloaks and shawls taken to an adjoining lion se, so oxhat as to render the attention of friends ti< narv for several hours. The vo le was I; and Chalmers carried whith him the eembly. And the Free Church sprang being?and Scotland felt that a new powerful impulse was given to our C tianity, which will be felt for a thou ages. O, when the mind of a great fully bathed iu the light of heaven, the heart of a great man filled with lovo of Christ, are thoroughly ronsed, /'mi nlinrmt turn tlifi world tinsiih; ilnw And any ordinary man, fully in oarnc iiis work, may accomplish wonders. Since iny mind has beet! able to foi true estimate of tho character of Whit and Wesley they have commanded highest admiration. Were I a hero shipper they would be of those b whose altars I would bow down with found homage, and upon which I w offer my costly incense. Intellectually, they were not the gre men of their day ; but as simple preat of the gospel, they h.'id 110 superiors in age of the Church, since the days of I "With their great powers of mind?1 large hearts?with the most expansive nevulence?with tho highest eatimat tho value of the soul, and the eternal portanco of its salvation through J Christ, they 60ught to preach the gosp every creature. This was their own ob There were no efforts to catch appliiui cone to be popular with the fashioi and frivolous?thero was no Uowery die nor gaudy metaphor, mixed up with fi ful descriptions and pretty pictures?t was no taking of a text for a pretext, Lhea running away from it among ibings actual and possible, for material I up a discourse. They were not of clrtss of preachers who tell men that must be' saved 1 on general principle who talk wisely of ' volition,'when ' will*?who expand ' duty' into 4 moral ligation,' and ' thinking and doing' into teilectunl processes and moral powers' whoso hands Mieat' becomes 'caloric,' ' plants and animals" organized substai ?and 4 a certain man of the l'harif a gentleman <Jf the Pharisees'?and <Ar> utrrriitb' ' tan vnuiicr hidius ' Oil teu The law of their life was to preach G and him crucified. And to do this, sacrificed all domestic enjoyment and fioual ease?they crossed the ocean i time#?-tliey endured, joyfully, all mr of-persecution, from those who sat in tefa seat, down to the lowest rabble? rose from the bed of sickness to ad multitudes, when it was feared they ir CXchnnge the pulpit for the bier? I y I "v/?v \juv mv; in liiuurs su uiceiSiUK, II DR. looked ns if they were in haate to brii ' (o ii close.' Ami if not possessing the ml'ly sic purity of Hull, nor the deep tho< 11 tlio ; fulness of Edwards, nor the grand Rtil ' l;r- i ity of Howe, ncrtlvc siiverv lijjht of I sftt ; nor the vast knowledge of Owen, nor ation wonderful imagination of Taylor? Idress I combined some of the noblest characl tvas a j tics of these, with others peculiarly t his j o\Vn. Like John the ISaptist, they >n t<> i burning and shinning lights; and whei foot j I hey went, however opposed bv forma if the : the heart of the Church opened for I L'ther ! reception, cities and communities con. moved by their presence i and they that tilled the nations with the fame and their fruit of their evangelical labors. 1 L Dr- i have written their naiuo upon the rock i tha ever. Their fame as well as the frui then j their great labors, belonging to the ei vered ! Church of Cud : and whil.-t wo would I Scot- i in mere intellectual power, place t vhich | 'amongst the three first,' we would, as s the | ble preachers of the Gospel, place thet >n-in- the very rank of the ministers of Chri lludes ! any atje. Their names will live with t no of i of Luther, and Calvin and Knox, as f law ' as tliii sun or moon endure. sided ; Aim! yet tlieir great leading charact ilie tics mul which elevated thorn heaven lliein j above other men, was their intense can novs, moss. Tliev rose at a time when vaids Church of Kngland had sadly backsli< day ! from the faith?when infidelity had arri. tained among the higher classes?v aliiinr l>*> 1)ops and rectors lost all authority' as .ened ligioiis teachers, when spiiituality in reli eked- Ii;((l hot'ii supplanted by the heartless ft entid , ality. The picturo drawn of the 111 ^ hen state of the Knglish Church, at that t 'Very i l,v the elegant pen of i)r. Stevens, raver learned author of 4 The Life of Wesley leuts tmly aU'eoting, ainl shows how little a n ieiue | liturgv, however truthful, can do to I eriug alive tlie spirit, of the gospel. In thiss "d of (Jf thing-:, W hit field and Wesley appeal ora. <rother. The elfect was like the lisii law ; the sun <>t summer in midsummer, w bich | the earth, the streams, all are f-ozeii, w I the trees and forests arc leafless. S . i . . . 1:11,1 - j preaching, ihe then living, ami j n<>ver heard. Tim cumin hi people Ik '1(J j them gladly. J Me palaces of bishops, tate. ! rectories of f>x hunting priests, soon pied ; their inilnviieo. It went up lo the com i the sovereign. It ik-ivadud lbitain ohly ; er>>?se'l lo the American colonies. Il do- i at this Ijinir, felt at t'ue ends of the ea was | It will never die oat. Ami all, underG s all j before they were earnest preachers of ilagc; I (jospcl. Jed ' 11 'uiks it Up??The Kvansvillc Kiw and rer works up the Sickles murder c isted alter the following fashion : ' Toot jees- rushes up to Sickles and weeps, so t! ikon, Muggins, and so Hrown. Snob No. As- kisses Sickles coat-tail 5 Snub No. I r into brushes his boots with his handkerci and and No. three is so overcome he don't uris- anything. Sickles is sei/.ed by the I sand and attempted to be borne out; the j inan rushed out to shake hands with itiin. anil reaches the street; Washington city br the loose to see him ; the reporleis got on they' top of hacks, (very interesting;) the n.? who sends us the silly messages clhnbcc st in telegraph pole and sat astride the wire get a good view and report to the asso rm a ted press, (highly important;) another field ran down to brown's tavern, and got 1 my drink, (thrilling circumstance ;) Sickles wor- hibited signs of fainting ; a copy of 11 efore per's Weekly was held before liiin cont; pro- ing the stereotyped fac-siniilc of his wi ould confession, at sight of which lie reviv (no wonder;) he was lifted into a < atoRt riage ; Toodles got in beside him, so :hers Sniggers, so did Damphool, and the Sn any No. I, 2 and 3 ; some of Damphool's 'aul. lations in the crowd wanted to unhitch w'ili intelligent horses and make themsel 5 be- beasts in their places, and drag the < e of riage- through town ; tho driver decii f iin- they would injure the harness; and esus (ti,e reporters say) they were 'detur e' l<> Sketches of tho carriage, and the hoi ject, witb the crowd trying to get into the 1 se"~~ ness, were taken on the spot, and will labia pCur jH Harper, Leslio, the Ledger, i iTuii) Venus Miscellany. *liCI" Sickles was dumped out nt the hou? ^cro Spilljan McCracken vEsq. Addle-Load i and <]owr, froni the telegraph pole', the l"? maids and virtuous wives of Washing to fill drew tlieir heads back( from tiie wind* ^,0 morally impressed with tho scene, and tliey adultery (in eLherp) punishing husband: es went and bought pistols ready to bIi somebody the first chance they had, (rt ' ?k* of them expecting one daily).' ' ini In A Dublin paper contains the follow H" paragraph :?"Yesterday, Mr. Kenny ncea* turned to town, fell down and broke 'ee8' neck, but fortuuatclj^receive no iurt ' the. injury v , no^ ' . Urist ywq centurieft ag0 not one in n li l''e*V dred wore stpckings. Fifty year# ago P6r one boy in a thousand was allowed to "Hny at large at night. Fifty years ago nol mUer g""l n thousand made a waiting maid ^?" her mother. Wonderful improvement l'10y this wonderful world. dress )igh Prosperity is a stronger trial than at! they eity. I ill It imrttUYlUltWl U? OUK UUINAUK ng it There are at present circulating in tlio | 1 clas Islands four distinct kind of! lght pence, with the satellite half pence and >li,n l>"things. In the first place, there nro the i iates heavy pieces popularly known from the the hroad band surrounding both obverse (|u>v and reverse as ' ring' pence. Of these, leris- which were struck at the old Solio Mint by 1 | their Messrs. 15.Milton and Watt between the I were yca,s 1*97? 1799; 1G go to tlio pound j C ever avoirdupoise, and they have certainly worn lists, remarkably well, although they must have j ,j their w?rn oul' a vast number of pockets in thu ; were I years of their existence. At the clo*e J I have I 1799 pence, half pence, and farthings of the | respectively 18,-TO, and 72 to the pound | ' L'liev were struck by the same linn ; and llu-se j Cor. circulated alone with their weighter breth- j .i ts of rcn untl' 1 S05, when a further impiovcmctit j ntire as '* was deemed, took place. In that year ! ^ not, l)(-'"^<?? IS half j ence OG farthings to the I hem I,ou"'l weight were considered fair propor- ! I10. lions for the copper coinage, and, new dies [n {,, having been got up for the purpose, Uoulst of lon aiu^ Watt again sit to work in produc- i ^ hose i ,nS ll1C!SC comparatively lijjut coins. j ]on,r | It wiil be seen tluis that within ai space of eight years three kinds of inferior | -| ,eris- c'-?i"3 were stamped into vitality and became ! 1,;,,], current. This was not however, consid- ! nest- crui' sl,nioiuiit, and :iti Irish coinage of great 1 the and hi which the one pound weight ^ hlen was ^lVK'L"^ '"to 20,;>i!, ami 104 penco oh- halfpence, ami farthings respectively, look T ,|, place in 1SUG ami continued to go on siin. r<}. ultaneously with the last named English "inn vari??y UP 1823. In that year the Irish 3|.m coinage was ahamloned, ami, although there oral ',ilvc hecn distinctive copper tokens struck ime s'nce l',u 's'u ?f Man ami for the Slates tj , of Jersey, of like proportions to those for ? j_. Ireland, yet it may ho said that the arratige( ment of 24 pence, and f?C farthings to the M pound weight lias prevailed throughout : '' keep ' n 1 e< l;lle Ureal P?ritain ever since 182-'5, and is that 1 * * to- l'10 present day. It will ho admitted j j' f f j from this record of facts in connection with ? jieII j the copper coinage that there is a sulHoient u ,j Ml I medley of recognised legal pieces of money .), ;uch i in circulation among i.s; hut there is, I" Ij,l(j in addition to these as most know to i? >-ud l-',c'r cost, a very large per centage of 1,1 non recognised and illegal dices of copper j,, *1 of which the puhhc can ' make neither head 111 ^ nor tail,'and which are altogether disc red. . j ilahlc to an enlightened community. Is it | lr , js not high time then, we ask that whether j I ! the decimal system he adopted or not, the | "I I j whole confused Jiimplo of copper coin*, c tj ^ j nearly G,000 tons in weight should be sent ( once more into tlu foundry there to be in united with some more spiritual, or at least j!1 uj. more valuable metal, and then re issued in a f? ase u,|i'?rm and handsome shape? J>y jiuli *V lies cous combinations of metals lightness j? [oes beaulv, and value may be obtained I" on and these are the desiderata for a new )!jj two coinas?- _ [; ; (jef In the United States' Mint experimen- (l(l do *a' P'uees have been issued of nickle and In C(rs copper. Jtow tliese will stand wear time 1 Jjj, U?^T will reveal, but their dull gray color is not J su pleasing to the eye, and they are of a j dumpy form?too thick for their small ' cil jjie diameters. Tlio bronze coins of the Napo- j leon lir. and those of the Victoria Canada I co ^ j j mintages are, indeed, models in this last ; j" espect. For ourselves, we believe that the ! f..i din. now el ay metal aluminum, which promised 1,1 one 10 revo'ul''ol"zo other respects the world . . of metals, will he found a most excellent ? ' * t t # lit? ex_ material for admixture with copper for the ii tar- Pu,'Posc'll question. It is true that its ! (in- Prol)erl,es nrc 11ot }'et folly developed, but [,'j, fu's c,,0l1gh is known toriugur for aluminum a ? " ,ej brilliant and useful future. Melted with ^ in uiuujuui |?n?|iurnuns, any snane %> jjj of color between thoso of zinc and fine ol>s g?Kl may be obtained, and we look forward (? r(J. to tbe day when \)r. Graham, of tho Mint, ^ tjie fand somes of his scientific confreres shall ni iVPS arrive, by experiment or otherwise, at an ;A,.. amalgamation of alumiiuiin and copper 10 jej from which may be cast a new coinage? RO decimal or duodecimal?that with tho Aid M ej ? of the engraver's art and the skill of the rS(JS machinist, shall surpass in proportions r, mr. color, and practical utility, the coinage o' >?' ap. every other country. This matter has been ^ md dwell upon at some length, because it is *i< right that tho public should comprehend j Qf it thoroughly, and be thus enabled to bring ?fi 5|jj the force of their opinion to bear upon the jjf, old government in effecting a wholesome and bc lon necessary reform. Mr. Disraeli professes ^ )ws 10 k?w lo public opinion, and declares Lit t],0 that it la the most potent of all agencies , aU If we can eulist it, therefore, in behalf of ?a loot decimal coinage, the good work in inlost Inducing it may Ikj said lo be begun.? to Mechanic's Magazine. Wendell Phillips on the mode of Ma l,e iug Kux9 JiunKcrs.? wenueir I'lnmps, in n re W( ro * cent address, described the mode of making a hunker in politics, lie linkened it to nn *118 operation -he had once witnessed in an ze her acrjuariufn. Tlie confirmed hnnkor is at first tender and suscoptible to light, liko the jelly fish, sporting on the surface of tho nn wateiyand enjoying the liquid beams of yo the sun. Tlie fish floats about till it ad yo no* heres to.something, a rock, or a vessel's run side, and .then it begins to discharge its one members, a leg, an eye-, an J finally its head. | 0f The last stage of the metamorphosis which 8tj jn tho fish undergoes, is its hardening into a re< barnacle. 'In that form it cling* through So life to the substance to whu h it lias^attnch tar ed itself. The hunkerized individual in n similar manner, never lets go his hold>-of tlie copper bottom of tho ship of State. ew inr, lAKIUKK'S FIltESIDE. low happy was the uwntiJc, In the good old <lays now past n:;d gor.c, ls round tlx: farmer's* fimi'le, Wo gathered when the "lay waa done, 'lie tire light Nickering on (lie wall, Sweet voices sounded in the hall. "lie songs ami mirth and tales went round, And many a .shout of laughter clear, tang out with joyous pealing sound ; Which loving hearts grew warm to hear; lay shadows danced upon the wall, hike city belle tit the city hall. 'he ruddy Maze of the groat pine fire, danced ou the good dame, happy and mild hirnislied the locks of the gray-haired sire, Tainted the cheeks of the (rollicking eliilt irighlcncd with lustre the long hroad hall ; Cast many shadows 011 the wall. tnd when the merry Christmas came, Stockings were hung on the Christmas tree ,nd the simple gift, anil the good old game, Made the old feel young, and the young fill of glee ! 'lie shadows lingered long on the wall, And light feet lingered long in the hull. Iany Chrisnuises came and went; The old folks stood 011 the brink of the grave 'heir forms were withered and feeble and belli And the youth grew up to manhood, brave 'hen theshs?dnws trembled on the wail, I 1 ?? - 1/ini: ||-*VW 'II .VIIHIIII1I, 010 llll'V lull, 'hose days arc gone, lime swiftly lied, Aii'' grteit mounds where tlie willows weep ,iimn^ 1J10 nations of the dead. Show where ili??oulJ folks calmly sleep ! lien silence roijrned within the hull. And darkness shadowed all the wall ! 'he little ones thai sported iheve, Scaiicrod o'er earth fur ami wi?le ; ,ss;iile'l l?y wordily grief and care, Weep as they think of the oM firesiile ! u ilivums they sport again in the hall, Ami dance to the shadows on the wall. f.aml S/>rcnltitio)ts at the lIY*f.?A native ?: [asniioliu.-ott.s thiilecn years ai>o .sold a lot, in Si iiiitii", .Mo., lor $1 .full). Today, it having lie. unit a business centre, it cammt he lionght fn liiii.iiiii). Another gentleman wont lo Kttnsii i 1KYI, Inking with him ?7,tM|0. The proper! > tias acquired thorn from this nucleus is not ?iiih ?"2"<l,0it(i. Property in I.eavonworl hich sold in 1?54 for ?v)UO or !?li)0, is nut oith yI.-.,0IHi. The same is tho ease in Si isi.ph Kansas City, Lawrence, and a few othe roniiiient points. Men in thoun places have lie mo wealthy, not from any superior sagacity it having invested a little money in the carl istnry uf the Territory. In ldiiti, nn Ohio gon i-iiieii paid flu" per acre for a tract of land ad ining l.cavenworth, and within six months go ii ndvaiic** t>f $?l,<Hlt) per acre. lint a chain* is taken place. In lh.ri7 paper citiesspriing ir great abundance. Snares in them sold rcadil diii Ik . *> 1 ,MIO. in oiiv of tIii-iii ii lot ~J.') : id nulil tlicn fur SI,D?n?. They would i>ot mr ilifin now biing n lu per lot. A grout, den KisUrn cu|iitul was bunk in these cinbry tics. India Rubber?hi Manu/tu'ture.?India Hub r, in the condition in which it is wlii'll firs ported. has much ii regularity of texture ill is also contaminated with much <1 i and re sc. To scperato these the India rubber i Ft cut into very small fragments, and thci coped in wnriu water, by which the dirt is pre pilaied. Tin* fragments are dried and throwi to a kind of kneuuiii|r machine, where immciisi cssurc employed to bring them to one bom jeueous mass. There is in this kneading pro ss evidence n Hurtled of u very remarkable dif rence between guit.it pureha anil India rubber e former requires to lio healed lo o sofi stmt fore being placed in the kneuding mill, hut thr din rubber, though put in cold, been rues b< >1 bv the agitation that it cuunol be safely iiehod by ilic baud?ii being necessary tn pply the mnchiiie with told water, which i> idle nearly to boil with caloric driven out ol e elastic mass. So thoroughly is the inns press , rolled, picked, cut and kneaded "by this opelion, that all dirt, nir water and Kteain arc exlied nnil it presents llio appearance 6f a 'dark lured, it n i lor in and .smooth mass, ll is thou it in casiiron moulds of great strength, and ought by hydraulic or screw pressure to ilie in of blocks, slabs or cylinders, according to c purpose to which it is to be applied. in American Engineer in thr Austrian Service. It is well known that Austria has of late years en strengthening her fortifications in her uliaii possessions, and in doing this has shown proper appreciation of native talent. One of e most important of her Italian fortifications m been constructed finder the superintendence ?? ?-? -I'--- 1* " mi . ?i ll III 111 u II IV. IIIWIP, Wild ;idunte<l til tlio La wren co Scientific School, uncctcd with the Ilnrvnt.l University, und ns snbSMjuently employed oil the government urkB itt Uousr's Point. Some three years age went with his young and accomplished wife graduate of the Cambridge iIijgli School) tc nsirin, for tlio purpose of erecting extensive rliticulious at I'ola, on the Adriatic, about nety mileft ponth of Trieste. The works wero arly completed nt tlic last accounts from Mr. ritvlc, nn<i he hoped soon to be able to return his native country, though he expressed sonic lira that the French would blockade I'ola ami us his return be prevented.?Uotlon Journal, ay 30. Mf. Harry.?Mr. Rarcy, perforri'.ing before th< >yal family, at lierlin, has gone on to St. I'eter# irg, where his hands been kept quite full. Oi: e 10th he gave a performance before the F<m< ror an<l his funiily and two of his brothers, beles several princesses. The flrHl subject was a r.ie w"io ha<l just kicked hifc box to pieces nut lied his groom, and Mr. liarey exhibited hiir ler a few days training us obedient bs a circtti 'rse, And ready to obey orders, which wer< i'eii to hint from the other end of the riding liool. The second waft a wild, unbroken, eno horse, from the steppes of Ilussia ; and lie, >, was completely subdued in so short a time at*the Emperor not only publicly expressed hit utification, but ordered a report to be published tlio papers. The Illustrated London Newt ys tliut Mr. Uarey has finally concluded ar< ii^ementa with the llor.?e Guards to teach tlx itish Cavalry, and he returns fur that purpose Loudon on the 1st of June. No life can be well ended that has not en well spent; and what life lian been all Bpent that has bad no purpose, that |U QOAAIT1t\li<ilta/1 r? A /\K?aaJ !?** I**" ??v?/wui|/M*u*.u i(v vujo^ij umb una ruttir d no hope t ^i ? m You exhibit a groat deal o( vanity, mad i, in alwnya telling wh?t others thihk ol u." "It would cettainljr bo 00 vanity in u, sir, to teli whit the world thinks of you. Contlilutional Convention EltetloH in Kan tat :AV?NwoRTn. K.T,, June 8.?An etcirinj; elee n took place lo-dsy fffr membvra qf th? con^ tutinnnl convention^ Piut i?tue? wore igno 1 and both partieg utood on a free state btbia me dhya miiHt cl?p?e before the te?ult in the fitory ct?o be known: *' Tho sanaBioo of life is made up of veirj beams that ar? bright all the time. THE TOWN AND FORTRESS OF ALES8ANDF Alessandria, 6r Alexandria, the cap of the province in Piedmont of the s* name, and one of tlic strongest fortrci in Europe, is situated in a rich And Fer plain declining towards tlie East, 05 in l>y road, 40 miles dircct diatanco, E. S. of Turin ; GO miles by road, and 48 ni direct distance, S. S. W. of Milan ; : 40 miles direct N. by W. of Genoa ; lat. 4 1 fit N., long. 8 38 E.; on the r; bank of the Tanaro. It extends across narrow marshy tract formed by the c ; ; tlueiicu of the Boruiida with that river, I has an altitude of 203 feet above sea le l? ! This city?which has been styled tho 1 ! levard o( Piedmont?was, until recen enclosed on tlireo sides by a strongly t lied wall, wliilo extensive outworks ; ' nlouir ilie cast side of tlio Taimro ; 011 ; opposite or west sido of that river is 11 i citadel, a sexngonal work, which is ' iiccted with the eily by means of covt .stone bridge of fifteen arches. Oil the opposite side of the river il i sheltered by a chain of small hills ext ' ing from Monte-Calieri eastwards to a I ' and beautiful height n little to tho lit east of the city, which is crowned will ! fine castle and tower. Tho buildings v i which Alessandria is adorned, are the U I and government houses, which are sitm | in a bnndsoine square decorated with i the l'alazzo-Ghilini, thu civil and milil | hospitals, the cathedral, six parish churc I four convents, fourteen hospitals and lums, an academy of arts, several schc and a royal College and gymnasium. In 180G its population was estimate" '{.">,210; in 1805, its population was 520, exclusive of the garrison, amount to 4,500, But, taking in the sixteen (). urban villages lying without the walls i. aggregate population in 1855 was 39,'. It has some spinning mills, and maui ,s tones of silk, linen, cotton and wax dies. The central position of this city v ' respect to Milan, Genoa and Turin command of the Tanaro ami Bormida, r of several of the most important route communication with the surrounding y trials, render il one of considerable c . nierci.il influence and resort. Its fairs, 1 1 in the end uf April and beginning of I, tuber, are among the most import.au Italv. k y In November, 18."?7, a railway i opened from Alessadria to Voghara, whe it is expected it will be carried on to ? della, in the Duchy of Parma, and so ui 1 the Piedmonteae lines wiih the great ( ' tral Italian line, Alessandria will thus fu s the cei.tral point of the great trunk or p | cipal railway lines of Sardinia, one of wh i passes, by way of Genoa, across the 5 penilies ; the second, by way of Turin, Asii and to Parma; and the third, by . lenza and Novara, to the Lago r.iago M ! giore. A Ipssniulri.l wsw tntr#>n l.v Rtrtr^-i TVi ' of Milan, in 1522; sustained an unsncc , ful siege by the French in 1G57, and af an obslinato resistance, fell V1H6 th hands in 1707. The present citadel V i begun in 17.10 and finished in 1743. 179G it made a conditional surrender I Bonaparte. I11 179$ it fell before the c( , bined armies of Austria and Russia, a after the battles of Marengo, in 1800, v regained by the French, who expend nearly f>0,000,000f. upon its fortificatic and retained it tin Li I 1814, when the pr inco became a portion of the Sard 1 ian dominion, and the fortifications were , a great extent razed.?Fuller toil's Guz ecrt of the World. S. S. Prentiss.?When this gentlenl 1 was in his glory, in the State of Misaissip during a season of high political exci 1 ment, there was a convention atllernanc Prentiss was there, and set avetythi ) ablaze with his burning eloquence and ' imitablu wit. As was uaiol liiini}rn<*o ladies crowded the groilnd to hear hi and when ho had concluded the well rang with shouts oF applause. Now ih< i was present dno Didymus Brief, Esq., opponent, who, like the gnat in the fat i i* er suffered to pass Unimproved an c [ portilnity to inflict his bite on tlie ox's lej i lie arose to reply to some of Mr. Prentis ? arguments. When Didymus han go ! through his "piece," and had given it I ; last finishing touch of gesticulation, pec ? lintly his owil.he sat down apparently c hausled, Prentiss, meanwhile, 8At looki \ ...? . on, with a peculiar twinkle ill his eye, I ! joying the thing hugely. At the cone sion he slowly arose, advanced to the Fro oF the stand, intending, no doubt to dr< an Admonitory bint to such thick head< 1 zealots, when at thAt moment a.neighbc ' ing jackass, quartered hard by, "open his mouth and spoke" long and loiid. M Prentiss turned bis eyes ill the direction I bis Hew assailant, and fairly gasped wi astonishment, Without uttering a word fot l. moment, and then ere the revorberati ' tonos of the aM had died away, lie tarn . to the audience; ftnd throwing up ltis ha deprecatingly to his first opponent) < ' claimed, "Ah I ladies and gentlemen, ti . other competitor! 1 can't fciand it! a 1 sat down amidst the deafening shout* * the multitude. Didymua Brief, Ksq.,1 came thoroughly disguated with tbe."v< g?r Whig meeting," and withdrew. UA. GENIUS IN WOMKN ital In every direction, in the Eastern and imo Middle Stales, tro at present hear of physisses cal education. There lias been a revival tile in favor of health and of rational educailes tion, and it is bearing good fruits. Even E. one or two universities are having gymnailes sia put up nnd teachers provided for the nnd bodily education of their students. Excel; in lent works, by such writers as Sedgwick, iver Trail, Jacques, Miss lieeeher. Walker, and the others, are being extensively read, while :on- cricket, base-ball, swimming and other exand ercises aro enjoying unwonted popularity, vel. The fact that the young must bo trained ion mid taught to be healthy is becoming a tly, matter of common discussion, and here bit' and there some writer, bolder than the ran rest, ventures to hint that at boarding the schools the system is deficient which keeps the youth for eight or nine hours at books, and nnn !c>?* ovori'un cotwla #1.? ? W.. .ivnua VI1UIIJ 4111 UUIIJ U!1 i\ 1UI1U:rod ral-like walk, or permitn them to be idle in the house. t is It is principally for the otronnons itirtucnd cncc which it exerts on the intellect, health >old mid happiness of woman, that such physi >rih cal culture should bu a matter of sacred ohii ns ligation on parents as regards their daughvilli ters. There is a degree of ignorance and jwn carelessness extant on this subject which, ?ted when examined, appears absolutely terrifytree i?g aiul amazing, lly far the greater maLary jority even of American girls in the healthlies, icst period of life are semi-invalids, while a asy still greater proportion are constant suflfer?ols, crs when a little advanced in life. All of this is the direct consequence of neglect. J at There is not one woman in a thousand 21, who exercises as she ought while young, Ling or who is educated with a view to health, sub Of late years this neglect of physical de, its volopinent has been fearfully increased by >94- the increased elegance of dress. Little ifac K'r'3 are c'olhed in silks and crinoline to a can degree and to cost which was never dreainvitli Ul' twenty years ago. The result of all _jls this is "Children behave yourselves and and fct-'T 'l"'et Exercise is wanting, and dis3 0f ease follows languor. dis One of the worst results of eontiminllv :oin debarring women from proper exorcise? ield fi?d this lias been done for thousands of Oc years in all civilized countries?lias been t in 11 reduction of mental force. Sedentary lives liavo given women nervous power, was equivalent to occasional violent exertions, j?e but have deprived then* of the capacity ;tra for long continued effort. We do not con,jle tend, as unreasonable people wofcld, of en course, at once assert, that wotUart is natrfJ1 urally as strong as man. But we do believo, irjn and experience hafc abtanda'rttly proved it, jcl, that nothing would be easier than to make all women stronger than tho average of to men in our Atlantic ciltes noto aVe. This Va degree of strength was possessed by Greek ra? women and lionftan ladies, and it involved with tlieito 110 sacrifice of graco. We consequently believe that the following extract from Charles fcieade, is an absurdity, if wo regard it as setting forth a radical X /as "Nothing Is so hard to woman as ft long In steady struggle. In matters physical, this to 's the thing the muscles of fair cannot >m stand. In matters intellectual and moral, nd the long strain it is that boats thciU dead, ras Do not look for a Bacon a, a Newtona, a ed Ilundella, a Victoria Hnga. Some Ainer>iis ican ladies tell 113 education has stopped 6v the gVowth 0? these. No J irtesdames. I in These are not in nature. They can bubto ble letters in ten minutes that you could no ct- more delive* to order in ten days than a river can play like a fountain. They can sparkle gems of stories; they can flash an like diamonds of poertis. The entire troupe ,pjt has never produced one opel-a, iior one epic te- that man could tolerate a ittir.llte ; and lo. why ??these come by long, high strung ng labor. Hut weak as they aVe in the long in. run of everything but affections, (and there of they are giants,) they are all overpowering white tlieir gallop lasts. Fragecla shall tjtl dance Any two of you flat oil tbo floor be)ro fore four o'clock, and then dance on till an peep of day. You trundle off to your bu ,|Ct inekB as Usual, and coUhl daiic'e again the >p. next night, and 80 on through countless g9. ages. She ^hd danced you into nothing ,s?s is ill bed, a unman jelly crowned with a ,ne headache." llo ISven Under the present rieglect, ladies hi- often show the falsehood of Reade'a arguix ment. Mary Cowden Clarke's sixteen ng years of labor on her Bhabspet-eHta Concor iti- dance was a ptotty long *tr?1h. Ruskin lu as a logical, steady rational writer on art, nt i:j far inferior to Mrs. Jatiiibson?he, in Dp fact, is tlie rhapsodical woman, and she id the reasoning man. Thti instance of a wo<r man's -receiving a high toned, substantial ed education, such Ha most literary men who [r. are scholars hav&' enjoyedj is a4 rare au of event as a youth's being brought up In itli petticoats, and yet Master Superficial I" a Reade, who never bad an ideft above a light ng comedy, undertakes to My tbdi tfenitls is ed rtot in woman** ftfett>re< When Woman is nd educated with a Joint tie# to physical >*- strength^ permanent healthy and mental in- vigor and earmfcttdtt, We shall sew genius nd developed rapidly enotigh. It is Only one of man in many tbousaud, among tin edu>o cated, who shows genius; while it ia only ul- one woman in many thousand who gets an edaaalion.?Pkila. Bulletin Death lights. On Sunday morning^ May 29th, in jSTcVr York, a young married woman, who bad been nursing her reBtless babo through llio night, rose at three o'clock in the tnorning for a light. While filling the lamp the burning fluid took fire?covered her dress ?in short, after lingering in ftgony twelve hours, she died. Camphene! Cam phenol There is no paper which does not contain accounts like the above; no mail in which we do not read of them yes, and thoro is no family in which c.tmphene is used in which-, In tho long rUn, soonor or later, tho disaster does not como. Wo can rocall an instance in which we were triumphantly told "Well, weVa Vised burning fluid these seven years and no accident yet." The only Answer fur such a remark is, "then yon are all tho uearor to one." For tho fact is, wherever there is a chance of calamity allowod to remain, depondent upon the simple safeguard of precaution, it is sure to como at Home time. Tho lady who was murdered in Now York by the diabolical, two penny saving invention, Was, Wo d'ottbt not, very careful indeed. But when one has-been beWildet ed and wearied \snlil tlireo o'clock in tho morning by a trying babe x>r an invalid, and then attempts, white "tipsy with sleep" to fill a fluid lartip, nothing is moro likely than that mistakes may occur. And there is something 60 terribly lifelike, so demoniacally mysterious in tho action, not ovdy of grtnpOwdeY and fire, but of these fluids. Who 1u\b not been awed at seeing flames run, apparently like serpents endowed with intelligence, over surfaces which gave them no nYltriment, foV the purpose of destroying distant objects? Who has not trembled to sec gunpowder apparently explode of itself, as if mad to fulfil ft missions ? So it is with all these destructive materials. It is a poor economy to ligh t Op a bouse with death fires ahd corpse candles. Think of this, as you carry a camphene light arotul With you itt lonely places at midnight!?P'hictdcljrhid Bulletin. A Bishop on the Carriage Abiisc.?The Catholic Sentinel contains a letter from Bishop Timon of ftuflfalo, in relation to a rule recently promulgated by hin\ respecting tho YiYlittbe'r of carriages to be allowed in attendance tipon^ fiiaerals among Catholics lrt tho diocese OVer wbith b? tarn. ? J-- ? sides, ite says* "The abuses ot faneVAls, oftch making them become A pastime-, ft pleaaatit dtiVe tho frequent desc'cratton of m BatTed Hte and duty; the unchristian scenes-, at tirtioi, occurring even in tbe grAVeyard; the outraged feelings of frenl inoUVheVft', the widows and the orphans, who neictday, hAd ho ' food but what chatfty allied, yet seldom the charity of the ftiends who-, tho day busfore, so freely tyeht their m'Oney to hire twenty Or thirty carriages for the almost frolrc of a funeral; the tyranny 'Of A WOV&te than pagan crtstottt, forcing the poo* toan-, on pain of being called rtlfcntt, lo give hii last dollar a carriage, nVid leave lite fain ily neXt dfty Without bVdrtd, the tiVihdWoVod grave oF the (hind, unriaVked for ttVOhtha or yeftVs eveh by A cross-, after Alt'thift friendly display*, thte t'ltrniilt ih the "gfcaVe. yard', the riotoiis cOrtduet, which frtlitt titttd to time, deeply grieved the pious attd Haspec table-, desecrated the cemeter.y-, deprived il olf its preslige fofr guo'd, Ahd Wfteh took aw Ay the wish of AgAirt revisftittg it? ali this, aiid more, occasionally scandalizing the faithful, nnd exciting the scoffs And rid* icule of others, have long called f<>V 6h effectual VejUedy." A remnrkiiblo instance of affection be tween animals of opposite nat'dre, was shoWn a few days sirice oVer the riVer.?Mr; j. ifcasling, dVer there, had twtt fine horSefl, and a sheep, a nldthetfy old ewe? who had long grazed together; the sheep showing always A particular prdfeKjtlce for one of the hdteesi The other day the iheep followed her equine friend c5rt an errand down the coast, seven miles and back. On the following morning, Mr. itaslilig found both his horses lying sick, atid the ftlieep watching sadly dvei- the otio she bad adopted. Both horses died ; and wlien they were chragged away fot- skihtoibg and intef mant, the Aheep followed bet- dead friend with as riiucU solemnity as If abe bad been a huitiah mother followibg a child to thef grave. liie horses bad been poisened by some malicioua villlab. Our informant who is a mab of Veracity, as&uaes ti?, at the most singular circumstance of All, id this drama among beasts, that since the death of the horses, the poOfr did sheep hat lost all her *M>hi A great many persdtis uti dor take td build fortunes ad Pat tried to build hie chimney?tlifej begin at tho top and build down. Employnlent, #hich Galon calls *nature'a physician,' iiid etSCbtial fo human happiness, that indUl&Ate it justjj considered ? the Mother of tiihttf. ftaltirg has sometimes mad* a foo\4 but a coiaorftb is always of man's owti making.. ' Observed duties maintain our credit bft secret duties maintain cWf Bfc; i