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M " ?! * TWO DOLLARS PER ANNUM] " vnn x- j7k x o e o Ij x 13 k in t y" i? utomsaii ti&ii.anoe." (PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. BY DAVIS & CREWS. ABBEVILLE. S. C., THURSDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 18, 1858. VOL- XIV NO. 48. ?? a ???r?????????????????????????? a????mamm.aw ~ tm ? ? ???? NAPOT.F.riWS nprpunp ni? tut ubi? I ... i ? ? ui iiiii ni.n iiiinvri I] TRADE OF FRANCE. Translated front the 1'ari.t (.'uuxtituiiowl of Dee. I' 'IV, fur the jY< w York Herald. '1 We slated in :t late article, in reply to a the Times, that the decline of the Knglish s| colonies should not he attributed to negro si emancipation, and that the professional ti abolitionists of Ktigland were guilty of that ai decline brought ahoi'.t, as it was, by their \* unjust and systeivrtitie. Hostility to the plan atcrs. In or',f to restore flee labor, injured pi by a tii-. which was unsuccessful and false ; c ill principle, tlie Times calls upon us to re- ' tl new the experiment on a new plan. W e ri have always thought that a complicated ti plan was unnccemaiy?:ui uiai is te>|mi?(i 11 is to give labor in tins roioiiies the same hi freedom and latitudesecured toil in Kuropu. T For instance, tlie planters have not been freu : in to procure laborers to continue and extend di tlie cultivation of tlie soil. This is one <>f \\ the piiucipal errors tlie abolitionists have tl committed. In ICurope tlie supply of lal>or- j e> ers has always exceeded tlie demand. In atlie colonies, on tlie <*011 rary, tlie demand j has exceeded tlie supply. The population 1 sj, is insuflieient, and it never can he augment* j 0, ed l?y a Kuiopcau emigration. In the trop* , ,,, ics no Kuropcan can venture to cultivate the jtl soil. To liitu it vieid> but deadly emana- Jtious, while its richest products prodigally j? bestowed, repay the labor of African or ()|' Asiatic. The white man maw without dan- : ..1, I ger, cany his capita! and bis industry to j the colonics, but his constitution is unfitted j to endure throat phvsical fatigue there. The colonists could have procured laborers from Africa and Asia, that could not he ^ surpassed if (l.e al><?!it i??i?ists had consented ; j ; but liiis they would not do, and with their j usual mode of reasoning, claimed to act for the interest of the slave, while refu>itig to ^ this reform the indispensably (dements of success. So effectually have thev opposed Indian and African emigration that in the Knglish West India Islands tin: cultivation of the soil lias (icen le!t to the caprice of, . Creole laborers, who, etiiovinir an undisturto bed monopoly, naturally abuse it by eharging higii for a little labor. It is the business of Great Britain to bring 111 these fanatical abolitionists to reason. lJut 'Jl the consequences of their false doctrines 1,1 have affected us. Our colonies have suf- tl! fered from lack of bauds as well as the Kng" I1' Iisli colonies, and it cannot be any longer ex endured. If our neighbors choose to sub mil to the consequences of their abolition ve theories, the. rest of the world is notabliged ,l to adopt thetn as its rule of conduct. Their 'l': code of philanthropy is not a law for us.? 1,1 Ihus our government having recognised 111 emigration as at once useful and moral, has 1,0 Hiithoii/.cd traders to engage laliorers in l" A?ia and Africa for I lie Kr.nch colonies. 111 Up to the present, time A?ia has furtii.shcd cu k very small number of laborers. Will sup* ply hi.'morealimi'laiil in future? We know al not. India is not a French colony. vi< In that. va<t. territory we pos.-e.ss only a dt* few establishments of very limited extent, of Emigration has not been viewed without sh jealousy by the Anglo Indians. The intol- co era nee of the abolitionists has been made use in of there to injure and retard out operations, ac As for China, it is so distinct that w<- can- rij. not look to it for emigrants; the expense ga would be too jjreat. Ucsides. the unsettled all . . I . condition of the Chinese empire is an ot<- in; stacle that must not be overlooked. ha lint Africa continues to be the source lit whence the colonies first drew their labor- si; ing population. It is convenient to our American possessions. Its inliabilants arc < )< gentle, robust, sociable and inclined toagri- ]>] cultural pursuits. Then, in addition to this, bl they are oppressed and subject to honors of or perpetual anarchy in their own country. C(, Are not these reasons sullii-icnt to induce t,j( me to look to Africa for laborers for our eo- ||, Ionics? And our planter*, authorized by a i,, government careful of their interests, have *J'| turned their attention to that quarter.? [t African emigration has commenced; it is j, pursued with energy; and wo hope it will g, continue until our colonies revive. But it is a great scandal to the supcran nuatcd society which was accustomed for fr< twenty-fivo years to behold the world bow II to its decrees in matters of philanthropy.? re What! lay hands on Africa, the holy ark st< which has been guarded with such an ex- of trcine jealousy, and defended si ill more by ta the prestige which it has acquired ? Yet cu the Times thinks the present opportunity d; fortunate for seizing it again ; and thanks or to its proceeding. Parliament already re- ai ' sounds with the declaration of grievances, lit the most griovous of which is that they can- w] not have laborers from Africa except they m purchase them again. It is a natural result an of tllfi I.Oci?l fltnt.a nf lliol AMintiiii CI * is tlio general'condition of its working popu* pr lation. As it is not among the merchant#, tj, the mechanics, nor the landed proprietors that we find emigrant loborers here, so in Africa we do not seek among the free, who m enjoy a certain degree of comfort anjl au- |c thority, for laborers willing to expatriate jn ifork for wages under a foreign climate.? le African emigration would be .reduced to tho jj( ?*. ^piallest proportions if it were restricted to Ct * those .only who are free; but it becomes p, serious whon it falls on those who have been m ' . jrpdefemed from slavery. ' b< ? Bosidea, thcr plnlanth.i^pists seem unable is to endure the idea .of this emancipation.? e^ '* * Thoy say that an emigration so conducted si; is better AbaQ the slave trade. But it is IS1',,;. nl enough lo say so?it remains to be roved. We think this speeies of etnigraon does not exhibit even one of llie chari-teristics of the slave trade; in every re:>ect il is different. The slave trade coasted in purchasing Africans in order to ansport tlieni into a country where they ro sold as slaves, where they are forced to oik under fear of the la>h, and where they, . well as their children, become the probity of a new inaster. Immigration, on the ilill':il'VV we enrrv il out i< 111...1. ie immediate enfranchisement of tlx* Afean ; and, in continence of tliis deliheraon, tin: Mack freeman is transported into ie country free from bondage, and takes is place in the bosom of a free society.? lnis, from :i miserable African, emigration lakes liim a free citizen end :ui indepeii iit workman. I!<: is lilievvi.-c brought illiin ('hri>tian influence. Looked at in lis li^lit, it needs neither justification nor cciise?it is a work of plenty and mercy, ; well as ol sound policy. lint, say the Enu'i-h, when you l?uy lives from ihe Aliicau chiefs you en ur:ii^e those cliiefs to procure others by cans of incursions, and llms perpetuate testine wars in that unhappy country.? nfi>t ttinatclv, the barbarism whieh reiifii> that continent is exercised independently all outside pressure. When an African lief dr.es not sell his slaves he kills thcin. To deprive Africa of conflict with civili. lion, under the pre'ext of pres-crvinjjr peace uoti<r her tribes, is to act like a quack, lio, to cure an eruption, KiiU his patient : the internal concentration of the disease, lie African chieftains have no motive for nkitig war; they do so out of a pure ininct of destrileli vclieSS. mill liv llii< -iliim. ey prove themselves savages. The poor >gro captives de-tined for human sacrifice i the occasion of some public festival, or i the t<>1111 > of a warrior, would hardly ill it philanthropy to leave them to their t?-; under pretext of a humane objection their purchase for emigration. lJible societies have undertaken to .subit Africa to a tnjimc of prc.cnhing, distriilion of edifying tracts and saintly comunion. Nothing more desirable. Chrisinity, under whatever banner it may be opagated, is always a benefit, l'ut whaler their object, the efforts of these Socie:s have not yet been crowm-d with anv rv di>tingnbhed success. They tel! us ot tribe here ai.d there, or a territory of some tgues soiiare, in which the words of the issionary are listened to; but what is that the immense extent of the African contiiiL ? Why will they not then leave lis assist in the work of civilization by fans which, in our ideas, are more cfiiva.>us ! In any case, we cannot see why the ultra luuiioinsls slioukl impose their particular .:\vs upon us. Is not Africa an indepeunt country? Is it confined to the tutelage Uible societies? And France, cannot e act according tlie dictates of her own nscience ? There exists in this respect no Lernational engagement that can limit her tion. 'J lie conventions relative to the jht of search have been suppressed. Ku- , geiiients entered into since then have been atidoiied. The treaties of 1813, containg declarations stgainsl the slave trade, ive nothing in common with an emigrant based on the enfranchisement of the ive. The. landed nroni'.cfni- ic tli/.n i-i.l ?.f/.?w cumhrance. Following the Times, the jiI;itithropists have made some stii]>i<l unders, which force them into private life at least teach them to speak with Iteming modesty in future. In this situam (if things, when it has been proved at the system has utterly failed, is it as. nishing thai wo should try another?? lis would at least have two good results, would give new activity to colonial proictions, and withdraw thousands of neoes from a miserable condition. Politics,?The word politics is derived jm the Greek word poles, signifying a city ence, politics literally means something biting to a city, but is commonly underood in a wider sense, as bfting the science me government 01 a country. A nil*, ken idea of politics is prevalent in this untry. Any contest between two candiites for oftlce is styled politics, and any ic who can mount a stump, and talk for i hour about this and that party, is digni:d with the little of politics. Therefore, lien any one hears politics mentioned, his ind naturally recurs to these associations, id he is disgusted. But this notion reecting politics is entirely false. Politics oper, that is, the science of government, is e most noblo of professions, the beaueal of all arts and sciences. A matheatician, at. astronomer, or a chemist, is jiversally respected as-a man of great arning and application ; but a politician, the true sense of the word, must study n times as mucb, for he must know a lit3 of everything. Pel i tied id superior to >ery other art and.scienco.- for .uiion it ? r? " ?nds tlioir existence. Every nalioif, faous for enlightenment and learning, has* jen an adept in tha scienccof polities. ^ It at the root of civilization, and in \9hatrer country it becomes visible, it is the ladow of greatness cast before.?Southern foniCor. ? THE FATE OF AMERICAN DISCOVERERS. The great misfortunes, or violent deaths of the more distingui>hed discoverers und explorers of the New World, have l>ecn noted among the icmaikahle coincidences to be found in history. In this respect however, they have only shared the too common late of the benefactors of our race, as some of them properly were, and perhaps all more or less directly. Columbus was made the subject of perj sedition and imprisonment, ami died at i last biokeii-hearti'd. SehaMiati Cabot, who j first discovered this part of the American ! Continent, ended his days in obseuiily, and j no one can t 11 where he is buried. Verrazj zitii, who next visited this country, under ! I III! ]i:ilronage of the French (Jovernmeiit, i ami gave the earliest account now extant | of our coast, was lust at sea. I'once De j Loon, the discoverer of Florida, was inor! tally wounded by the Indians. Fernandez* the iirst F.uropean viMtaut of Yucatan, was also killed by the natives., 1 >o Soto, the discoverer of the Missis.j>i river, died from j hai?i>hi]> and exposure in a vain search for j gold, ami was buried beneath the " Father jot' Wat. j V'iiH'o Nuiii /. was beheaded Cortex, was : di?^raee l; Xarvaez perished in a storm | near the mouth of the Mis.-?is>ippi; Las I (*a>es had to seek refuge in a monk's cowl; Alvaraudo was destroyed in ambush; l'ij zaro was mm'h-ied ; Almagro was garroted; Mob.idill.i ami lloldan were drowmd.? j Stteh at e some of the more conspicuous examples. I If we look more closely at the several ! cases, we shall liml le>s occasion to wonder ! that so many perished l>y violence, or had their days embittered by political or other troubles, than any that >hou!d have escaped this destiny. Most of these were darinir I adventurers wlio trusted themselves to | strange seas ami unexplored coasts, and sot J out 011 voyages of uncertain distillations, across an untravorsed ocean, in vessels which, as compared with our ordinary ships, to say nothing of our steam Leviathans, were liut as the birch canoe of the Indian to the boats that ply up and down our rivers and across our lakes. The science of navigation was in its infancy, all the mechanic arts far from their present perfection, ! and how these men managed lo cross the Atlantic, at all is a my.-lery. Arrived ill the X.jw World, a thirst, of I coii?|Ue>t, and an insatiable love of "'olil. I exposed many of tlu?e ;irlventurers to per| petual tlaiiiffrs, an<l I>-?1 them to undertake j eiilei |u is.-.s of inconceivable hard.diip. The I hixtory "f modern pi.?ne<-i life lias notliii.tT to s-lmiv like it. The coinpmriiig careers of j <'ori<.y. ami ]'izarro were nol hoys' play.? 1 ll was as if the la<t remnant of chivalrous ami uf romantic knight-errantry was blazing up anew before its filial extinction in the love of gold, with which, indeed, it was aheady joining hand. Such a mad spirit of adventure always carries death in its train. Political Doubles, also, must follow territorial conquests, and the men who gave new empires to the old kingdoms received jealous}' and ingratitude as a natural lccompensc.? C'iuciiiiKili Gazette. * Jiusshi.?In 1802, ihe Czar of Russia will :i monument commemorative of | the one thousandth year of the Kussian Km| }>ire. The national lile of ten centuries lias 1 :ui impoHtig venerable aspect. The (!<>veinincnt has always been the same, an an tocracy ; the administration has varied according to tin: character and fortune of I each ruler. The devotion of the people to the sceptre, is still, as heretofore, unlimited, j like the imperial power?a loyalty reaching I religious worship. The recent addiess of j the Metropolian the (high prelate) of Mas- j cow to Alexander II., on his visit to the capital, shadows out the relations between the sovereign and the subject: " Most pious sovereign, the of l?nc?ln f?ir vm? w . ? J in her bosom ami heart, the orthodox people venerate you. Peace will facilitate your efl'orts to elevate ami improve the internal life of UuKsiii, lo preserve and aiig: ment the good bequeathed to us by our an; eestors. In your saered person the orlhoI dox church reveres the quality of her dej fender and protector, one of the greatest ! prerogatives of the Lord's annointed." In \ the chapel of the Convent of Miracles the ' Emperor and Empress remained for soine time on their knees before the relics of StAlexis. The Emperor soon after mounted his horse and reviewed the troops and cadets. Egbert, the first sole monarch of England, began his reign in 827; thus the ... uiuiiiirciiy is iipwarus 01 21 uious'inu years. Moid than fourteon hundred aro claimed for that of France. The Republic of ancient Home did not endure half as long.? Paris Correspondence NationalIntelligence. Home is where Mother is.?"This is my home," cried a lijtle boy of four surarrfe^ as fresli and rosy, lie came in from school at the close 'of a short winter afternoon.-? "Indeed, little Willie," said his mother's visitor, "how is U 3 suppos^ you go out on thesidewalk, and try tho next door; suppose you step into thq entry, throw off you? little sack as you have here, and proceed to the parlor?wouldn't that bo vour homn V "No, indeed," said Wilfio, "that wouldn't be" it." 'VBut tell mfc why not" ^Villie h^d never thought of this. He paused for > moment, then directing his eyo& to whore ljis mother sat sewing, he replied with ant earnest gestufe?MShe lives here.'* I ^ w L 2 :wM THE REDWOOD THEE. A correspondence of the Courier A: Knqiiirer furnishes tlie following description of n< the 11 dwood Tree : Will you allow me w the use of your most excellent journal the T j spare uierein Mmictcni to answer ttie many | j inquiries daily made respecting the tree j ' known l?y the cognomen of Redwood?a j r ! plank from which lias been and still is on ; tl exhibition at I lie Merchant's Kxchange. j "I 'i lie Redwood I rce is loinul growing on * i IV ln lt of land from ten to twenty-five* miles ' tl j in width, bordering on the l'aeific Oeean, il | and extending from the ln'thude of Monte- j ai : ley to Cape Mendocino. It is an evergreen, m ! the foliage of which more resembles the j rt J hemlock than any other of our eastern ti trees. Il varies from four to fifteen feet in ei ; diameter, and from otto hundred and fifty i st i to three hundred feet in height. The log j w j from which the plank above adverted to ! ai j was sawed, was twelve feet long and four- in j teen feet i:t diameter, and made over six tl ; thousand feet of A 1 clear lumber. J< i '1 lie peculiar qualities of the wood are tj i very great durability even in the most ex- (j nosen siuiai ions, and entire freedom from I . ! _ i |> ; shrinkage and expansion vvlan exposed to |( tin: weather, even when without the pro- | ^ t.ctii.n of paint. It is nsal on tin; Pacific ! tj ' cost for all purposes for which white pine is i employed at the Ivi-t, as well as for some j,j others?r?peuia!U for railroad sleepers ; for f the latter it is deemed invaluable. Its <<ood j . I e< I qualities arc beginning to be appreciated in ; (j | L'hili and Australia, as well as on the islands j ^ j of the I'aeilie.; and an increasing quantity J ^ is l?eini? ordered from those Countries every i . - j o I succeeding year. The Mills at Mendocino arc fully equal ; ' | to the beat in any portion of the world, and 1 . in some respects superior to all otheis; they ^ jean furnish twenty-four millions feet of' | boards per annum. I | The more the people of tlic E?st know | of I lie resources of the mountains and the tM ! vallics of California, tlie less will the}' he inclined lo consider it simply a good pro '' ducing country?ami the more just and w correct will he their estimate and apprecia- ' tiou of its future position in the great family 11 of States. <11 " PITCHING IN." The greatest of all nuisances, lo a respectable editor, are these stnall-mindcd gentry l' wh<? helieve that the mission of a journal 1 : is not lo disseminate news, and aid buyers r<: and lie is by advertisements, but to lie si ! ! pi tnaily "I'ilehinir in" to this or lh:il siiK- iz I jet:t; more generally into lliisortliat individ- g' ual. Such characters are generally very <l< loud ami talkative .specimens ??f tlte //runs pi irrltuhiL\ prone to hint that they could ti< carry on a journal with all its cliilicult de- fo tails much better than anybody else in the w country ; that they would "stir up things," vi and that their linn belief is, that all a paper needs is '"pepper" to make it excellent. Wo io can imagine as we write, that we even now hear the familiar accents ; " Now I just want you to wiite an article and give ?o "1 and so lits ;" for men of this description are n? generally gifted with a degree of assurance tu which respects no duiy or dignity, and sutlers the possessor to believe that his ai miserable fancies will actually receive con w, sideralion. And yet we can nay with truth, or tlisil we nev?r nii't. ivtili mm nf i. *ates lor indiscriminate "popper" and abuse, fo who would not writhe with agony at the to faintest allusions lo himself in typo which ct fell short of llattcrv, or who was not in fact h? a coward. sn Men who put faith in abuse as a ncccssa- w ry element in journalism, who take 110 in ,a torest in articles which are not in soiuo wav w personal, and who relish 110 "fun" unless it ;t. cuts, are invariably vulgar and ucllUh, just in proportion to the degree in which such ,j, tastes prevail with them. It is melancholy, however, to see' the number of them in every community, and llio degree lo which |j| they often succeed in inspiring writers for the press with their own spirit.?Pliila. Bui- m Ictin. w Enormous Estates.?We referred, lately, to the great extent of some of the land claims in California under the old Mexican c{ lilies. The (talents for land diiiins in that cc State Jiavo just been issued by the Interior Department, and Kent to the Pacific coast, n( agreeable to decision of United States tribunals, which may afford an illustration of 3'< this. One, for the Estero-Artiericano ran- l'] ehe, includes eight thausand, eight hundred st and forty-nine acrc-6, t!;o owner being Gasper O. Farrell. Another, for the ltoblar de la Misvra ranche, covers, sixteen thousand, a' eight hundred and eighty-seven acres, and cc is held by 'Daniel Wright and others. A HI patent for a part, only, of the San Antonio Handle, requires nine thousand four hundred and sixteen acres, and is in the name of T.rnnn'ir. "P..AXM .1 it " .gnivio Avamm, u lieu me origjuim Mexican owners of these vast estates were dis- w .possessed by the hordes of gold seekers and scatters, they had no othet resource thft'o to ^ * * it sell tlleir claims to American speculators and capitalists, who were willing to take the C( risk*? Philadelphia North American. ^ " ... * Good Advic?.?"Mr. Carey,'"Vaid a lady. tl 'I see adult bUjptwm to be quite right, and 8f yet 1 cannot make up my mind'to submit to p: 'it. ^ Ism ?ery ui^jappy^aloul it jgj ANECDOTES OF GEN. JACKSON. In one ul" the Indian campaign*, which, it recollected or material to our story, hilst the army was 011 tin; march, still in riini'S'-ee, on its way to the scene of war Alabama, a drafted company was expecd daily to overtake the main body of ^1 oops. This com pay at length reached 'll] le rear of the train. Infoimation of their proncli was immediately carried to the as out, where Jackson was at the lime. As l'' h; mc!-s?-iigvr passed from rear to front, 0,1 ie fact thai tliis company were without 'at rm*, having left th? ir guns at home, was ' lade known to the whole army before it V( ached Jackson's ears. Curiosity was 011 ? ptoe to know how the irrascible command- ,u would act under such circmuslaiucs. A " orin was anticipated. Soon the ( cueral l'' as obs-eived making his way to the lear, ml to the surprise of all parties, seemingly a" i a rattier smiling mood. Finally, he met lr< le company, lie saluted them. They a" toked fur a volley of curses, ami an itnnn- ,u' iate dismission home?the very thing thev j U; i-sired. Not so, however. < >1?1 lliekory j ,l 1 ulicd oil' his hat, and with the politest and j (West bow, expressed his gratification at j leir arrival, and especially al the fact that iey had no guns. The very men he want- 'u 1, just as he desired them?without anus. orming them for rapid motion, and douMc %l nick step, under his own lead, they march- c" 1 on till a baggage wagon was reached, SH leu halted, and each man was furnished i itli an axe. 1'orward march attain was j I i(1 ie word. As they passed along the line j f march, the (ieiieral's object was seen, j 'l nu laughter loinl and uproarious, witli ianv a hearty cheer, saluted them as they l1' lade their rapid way lo the front. There ' *' iese axemen were at once initiated into ^ u-ir campaign duly. " They cleared the roads, they bridged the 1,1 eeks, or earrie'l the wagons, piece by piece, :i^iy.ai^<?, ammunition, iter., over on their 'K aeks when bridges were impassahle. They to ere ever in a post of danger, hearing the urdeiisof the campaign?sharing none of to s honors, the laughing-stock of the whole so rmv. _ ef Old Hickory crossed the AVarrior river at . u; close of the campaign, at Carthage, in ^ uscaloosa county. There he hailed and ^ istcd fur the recruit and refreshment of the ck ainl wounded for a few days. The cii- j ens of Tuscaloosa, then a small village* j >1 up a public dinner lo the Cciieral. A .'putation of militia ollicers, armed cap-ae, went to Carthage to extent the invitaiin to Jackson. Tliev found him busv. on l" " . * ' Jl SI ut, near tlio main road, dismounted, and iili a well set piirase, their spokesman in- I''1 ted liim to (he dinner. "For how many have you made provisn ?" asked Jackson. ''For all iiiv men?" "No, only for yourself and oflieers." "Very well, then," replied the old hero, l'" nor an)* oiHi-er of mine will eat a dinner )l provided Jar all our boys!" Then rning oil his heel abruptly, he left them. I*" The militia men were sadly discouitiled " ' id niortilied at this rebull". But worse l'l( as in store for them. A quartermaster, c'' his assistant, had laid hands on every use of the delegation, and claimed thein 110 r public service. Furious, they appealed ltM the (Jeucral. lie declii.ed interfering; "i( mid make no distinctions. Oilier men's uses were taken, wliv not. thoiret?ITa rprised at their want of patriotism, not Im illing to give up tlieir horses for transpor- asl tion of the sick an?l wounded ! The case ll'' as hopeless?the weather warm?-the miltry trappings, coat, sword, l>oot<, itc., all slu isuited for a long march in the hot and isty weather. No conveyance, however, >uhl be had. The Generals, Colonels, cr< I ' ajors and Captains of the Tuscalooaa mi? f .ia walked to Tuscaloosa. ln " And that's the reason," naively added y informant, "why Tuscaloosa, I own, al- a^' ays voted against the General. ?* > ?_ wi A New Collun in Texas.?We have re- n? iived from Dr. D. C. Sharpo, of Cherokee cd llllltv. Tl>v:l?- Jl Rnf?IMin<?n l\( or>M/-?n nri J J 1 -- I ? " f him from seeds brought from Nicaragua, wt jar Leon, in llic mountains. It is the third gii :ar's production, on land lying near the cu 2d parallel of latitude, in a prairie country, ov e soil of which is sandy and saline, cry- wl als of salt, saltpetre and alum naturally in< rined on its surface. The stalk and bolls be ' this cotton, Dr. Sharpo jjnforms us, are. ce' jout as large as those of the IVtty Gull l'c >tton; the seed aro much smaller, black "V; id smooth, as a consequence of which )00 pounds of it unginned yields 500 n? >unds of ginned cotton. I3ul it is the lint ' this cotton that is most noteworthy and markable. For fineness and silkiness, as vie ell aft tenacity of fibre and tei\uity of thread er e nev.e^saw it surpassed, if at all equaled, ia Ijese qualities hrtve led. some to believe Vt the Sea Island cotton ; but Dr. Sharpo is * >nvinced that it is not, since.it differs from "Mi iat cotton in many materiaPfespects, wlfnt- 9al reifcmay be tho correspondence between an leir.resptective staples. For instance, bo 0b iys that 250 pounds of this cotton can b? ga icked by one handjn ft day, whereas of oo Lc^^JslMdnotrniore thin 80 pounds ha f a new aorficoltufal naiWiiitieAntj .it / Vmil tin ffti'/thl'ihtl Si.ii//i. it MOUNT VLItN'ON ASSOCIATION x the /-Mil-ir ?>/'//<< Sun'ft; It was with extreni-- ^jsi|n i~<* that we read . ur atlicle on tlie -20 ;i on the position of | ii Mount Vernon V variation to Mount :rnon, to Vii-nti: <, and lo the na- ' j XV e would pass ove; its inaccuracies, even ' "|: we do its (sitch /) compliments, hut for ( is effect on tl ? opinion of the masses, of; w lauations, without relli-ctioii, as without j ,l ts. Wo had not supposed that anv iri/iiiinn of intellect :iii<I c<hn-atioii would j nluro such an onslaught oil those who are tieroiisly lahorinjj to obtain 111 11 to ' fd;c Mount Verimn a gift to Virginia; ' 10 obligate themselves in or ler to hind j e hearts of their countrymen to that sa- | i*i| spot, to relii.-ve the State from the care j X:| d expense of its protection ; who concen- ; ito themselves to take 1 lie charge of it. ! ' i| to labor for tli<; means to preserve ami hood oru it, he, from delicacy, as well as from ; jard for :? reputation for the perception of j lienh statemau, would have applied to ot/irixl j ^ ilhorily for llie history of the Mount Ver- | hi Association, and have ascertained all I "/ nceriimg us past, as well as its prospects r the present and for the future. m".' That winiioH?notwithstanding the peculiar . U '.j.V uws of Mr. Washington, which induced a ! .. . .1 ^"ll! nrse so disastrous to lief continuous and ' I liuna cc.essful operations ami awakened all the i ... ... Iis!c< e udice and depression siris'ini; there- ! ' assui nn?should have the power, through the .... 1 U.v < trh and holv mi-si.>n she has taken on t :rs<-ll, to wriii'' Iroin the heart <>t this whole ' . ! '"'I1 itiuii an almost unanimous meed o| an- i , , , . .. . ! ,",n Iirr, tUMi III >I?|IV III I 111" llllll >11* j , ilia would accede to the ivotii-itii.ti <>f Mr. I , , , , . ashmgtofl (Iril l/tr jturr/risr Irom liiiu ; list lie made l?v tlit* Statu?lliut she should "... . . I'I'iiii iluee the ol the nation to give s time, liis eloquence (:i mine of gold for r holy purpose*!) 11:13*, to consecrate his life ' her Work ? that ?,h<. .should cati-u ladies, , and llic hiirlio.-t position in Stale after State . give devote their all until the end was trained* .. ? trom tne in their self saerilieiii'' patriotism un- , hctie rtakinir the charge of entire States, and ... , 0 . . I rea enlisting and arousing every countv in . ' . put . em?that she should enlist gentlemen lir.st standing and in tulleet to volunteer to 1 1 1 1 ,nonl come her Knights, to aul 111 Hie rescue ^ Mt. Vernon, and, in emulation of the ex- . , ami I iple of the lamoiis Knights lemplar of j I, vow themselves heneeforth to the .. . ... . , . I"'" I' arge ol its luUtro interests;?that she jq-g oiild have had the power to do this, is a 1.ute of which she may well he proud sc,,re d, more than that, these signs are a guar- SC|Uj. tee that it needs hut lime lu develope the vanci predating love and reverence for Wash- In 'ton which is the uohlu it)itlcr-sir<ttuin of sense ? American character. Woman asks hut puhli time to hew onto/' thin a pedestal for Mr. a most glorious monument io manly worth have p world litis ever known. for it; Have you forgotum that "Home was not tioi.'s ill in :? dav ?" or that our glorious lie' ''Ice, lilic was in>t won in "iwour three years ' " '? iy, nut in five?tin* . :au fjuaraniecd lo W asl i Mount Vernon A .soeiatioii by their three aracter. And peri; us to ask if it SJde, ?uId ever have been Wepublic if the pat- l,:irt t of that day had r cd to commencc a 'ars ?. olution until all the Money of its inuuj ask tl title cost h<nlbeen contributed beforchuud ? :t there were doubters then, too, who re- I'rcsi nled tlie most irlorious undertaking of T. in is a "vagary"?a mistaken "enthusi* n"?a "bubble," mischievous, ifiiofhesm- 77 id !" We hope, for tlie honor and credit ,\l"vi the Old Dominion that there are none t?red chin the present General Assembly? uhicl ardians in this mutter of her reputation I, all time.. On their decision now, in lef- 'p;, .1... ,.....>,..1 ...I.... ,.f .1. . l.'.l _r ;uuts tu mu sawivu iiJJiiun u? iiiu i auMM Ul HOW i Country, the world fur all time, will nil ,|K.,j, judgment. their You say that the Mount Vernon Assoai- tiouon has "labored for two or three years and i der the mo$t favorable auspices, ami yet appej ihout raising a tenth part of Lhu sum corru cesaary for this purchase." It is prosutn- ?f an that tin? public will not dispute that we anotl 3 reliable authority,oo these, points; and and i ! state, that the Association from the be- barb: uning until now, has encountered an ac- euori mutation of dfiiculties calculated to appa! madi en?woman; not only from causes to the c iich wo have alluded, but from those aris- pnm r from individuals not gifted with patriot on si nils rtr the sairaeilv of statenieti to nor- < ?? :n ve that our enterprise was not "imprao* tlio i able" or was something inoro'llian a htirle agarv," the end of wliieli might l?o a the c< ubble !" The public will certainly ^never and I i;use Mr. Washington of "amiable enthu wliosi ism" or of acting from the impulses of lid tn itimcnt; yet we had only to place our but il iws before him to induce him to reconsid* some his determination "never to give Virgirt. of Ai another opportunity to purcluiso Mount comji srnon from him." benef Such had been the effect .pf his letter in sardo \y, 1856, "withdrawing the estate from If we e," that, between indignation and despair, we re d a wido-sptead doubt that wo could ever tain Blount Vernon, nearly all we had ^1 ined was lost, anth little of the money ^l0 Ilected was left unreturned by those who ,ncm . r i .. ? fresh 0, oi course; xno power io-uo u?-[or ours a voluntary work. When, therefore, in 8t^ nriih last, elevon months after this letter* ren3jj j annouu.cg^ to. iljp public, thrAgh tho ^itclya hu(1 Mr. .^cj i?<I through Virginia, ami that tho it Vernon Association, l>y paying (ho ia.<o money, could convert it into and ue. its guardians as a national shrine, i'l to commence our work anew and complish the Herculean task of reing extinguished lires, and at the most picious ??l* all seasons?summer?and to encounter a financial ciiaia under i the world is still trembling ; yet with is to encounter, the Mount \ ernon iation has gained Slate after Stale, Irawn, and is drawing out ardent hi s, inspired with tho spirit of 'TO, and nt Knights who, in their ''amiable cn;wn," are canvassing their States to r ilie i-an-e homo to tho knowledge 0 I in* hi-siits ol" tliat class who will not ; gold w hen iho "sacred stshcs" of tho i-r of ihfir Country are concerned? last, hut not least, tho noble btother* of.Masons who will come up in solid inx to work for him, "tho bright, parir star" of their firmament. is iudignsmtly repel the imputation that dotint Vernon Association, through iU ideiit, has come before tho I-egidaturo urnm jfU/icris'1 I'aupers!!! Wo adtlie amiability of conveying the itisin11 in a hi:ah language. ie lamentations of the Kditor of "TltO h" over the exhausted Treasury of Yirsire quite touching, and have so en1 our svmpathies that we l<-joii*c to ? him, sind the guardians of the Treas f Virginisi, thsit the ladies have not ii'? ii"l a-U t<>r oho dollar from Iter mi'ii-ii* "1 i*.filers," but, as Mount Vercan only lie obtained for llie nation i^Ii lb instrmiimitalil v of Viiginia ancl Ire time, in the form, an I upon tho s wliieh Mr. \Ya>lifnj:ton inexorably ires, they do ask that Virginia will com* with these and issue tho>o printed of paper, which, unredeemed, wiay 1 her treasury thirty four 'years hence, in return for (his the ladies propose to her two hundred thousand dollars, wliieh she can derive a temporary * fit?no disadvantage to an "exhausted miry"! One fourth of this sum we can it her disposal now, and, if the greater of this has been collected in a few lis under every disadvantage, wo do loubt that, with our increasing forces brightening prospects, the remainder of wo hundred thousand will be readv er acceptance by ilic 22J of February, i allay any doubts of the timid on tlia of losses bv interest money due annually, we pledge its payment in adconclusion, we can but state that our of justice makes us realize that tho c are, a lid ever have been, unjust to Washington. If the nation desire to Mount Vernon as a national slirino s benefit and gratification, it is the na. duty to make it so, and not pauper to ask it of Mr. Washington, as alms tioiial seu imeut. II'c know that Mr. lington had an opportunity to rcalizo hundred thousand dollars by privato ;md, therefore we feel he has done bin i?v placing one hum I red thousand dol)ii the altar of sentiment. Wo now lie nation to do theirs. A SOUTHKIiX MATIiOX. dont of the Mount Vernon Association of the I'nioii. iiuary 27th, 1S58. id Voire of the Dead Xalions.?Mr. r, in his recent celebrated oration, utthc following impressive passage, li ought to be written on the staturo * of ev*>ry State in the Union : i) dead nations, whoso giant skeletons lie bleaching on the sands of time, all of sin. It was their crimes that dug graves and pushed them in. Liccn.* luxury sapped the foundation strencrll* oiled the Iivo virliio of one, and itdisV ired beneath the green pool of its own ptiou. Brutal war, made n business d carried in every direction, drew upon icr the combined wrath of tiio "worlds t was dasliod ifpon the rock of its own u ous force. Domestic bondage, grown nous, trodden under foot and goaded ttt less, rose on another, and hurried it in ontlagration ami slaughter of its own, >cation. Internal antipathies, bashed iclioJial difference, fed by Re 1 fish inter* wl taunting debato, finally?exploded in quarrelsome parlies of another, and d its dissevered fragments to ruin by jnvulsive eruption of it* own wrong hatred. Of all tlio mighty empires, e melancholy ghosts now pace the pal* argin of oblivion, not one ever sunk ,s fall was through internal iniquity, iu way or other. Shall tli"fe stately shade rieriun, too, go down to join the doleful iany of crowned spectres, moving them itli to rise up at her cdming with the nic mock"?Art thou also as wo!'* ^ would avoid thjiir doom of vengeance* . f lust ?<A" tread their path of guilt, 1 tre For Runcid J)ittteps?A writer in \ " * - - o'urrtJil^of Industrial, jjjPgrcsB 'ftcomv la jLhftkJiwlUr ghoul^ be kneaded, with milk, and then wilt j>ure water. 'Ho i that by this treatment iho butter is ^fresh and,py50In flavor^ ^troen