The Abbeville banner. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1847-1869, January 29, 1857, Image 1
fm wmm. "'
TWO DOLLARS PER ANNUM] "the price oi* ijibbntv ijs? ettijnua.xj vzg-iij aktce." [PAYABLE IN ADVANCE#
BY DAVIS & HOLLINGSWOR^ ABBEVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY MORNING, JANUARY 29, 1857. VOL. XIII NO. 10.
THE INDUSTRIAL CONFLICT IN ENGLAND-" ;
A NEW PHASE OF THE SLAVERY QUESTION. I
The return of Dr. Livingston, tlio Alri j
van explorer, to England, lias given iise to j
? curious conilict there, which indicates tlie i
tone and tide of public opinion in Great !
Britain. This is nothing less than the coil- |
llict between the true policy of the coinmer. ,
vial and industrial classes, and that of the j
y family cliques which have f<?r so long a j
W time governed Kngland. Tho London
y Times, the errant oriran of the merchants
^ I
wnd manufacturers, l?ol? 1 lv announces, in I
^commenting upon Dr. Livingston's discov- i
tries, that " the one great service which the j
world demands from the negro race is the ;
production of cotton," and admitting that
. I
the while man seems unfitted for labor ,
under the peculiar conditions of place and
atmosphere requisite for the cultivation of |
this necessary staple," propounds the doubt
whether, even if it were possible to transfer
the scenes of its production to Africa, "the
negro will cultivate the soil with the certainty
of purpose and regularity of result necessary
for commercial purposes." It goes
even further than this, and asks "if the ne- |
gro proprietcr will not employ the compul- !
sory labor of slaves J"
Hie London Post, the special organ of
Lord 1'nlmcratoii and all the advocates of !
. 1 l
government ny :i class, taKcs alarm at tlie>e j
bold propositions of the Times, and endeav- !
ors to change the issue by assuming that
the battle now g"ing on and whose oxis- j
itence it expressly admits, is a battle between ' ,
geography and slavery. In the cotir.-c of
its reasoning it admits that coffee an<l sugar j |
arc articles of uiiivcisal list: in all /ones; i (
but points to India and the Jape Colony, to i
i'reach Algeria and Svria, where it savs .
. ; *
the cotton plant yet flourishes in the gar- t
dens of the Aleppo, an 1 the sugar cane by ! ,
the waters of Damascus." In the course of j t
argument, tlu- I'ost is led into a singular
advocacy of the mo.tt ultra theories of the ; |
American tiilibuslers, in appealing, in sup- j |
port of its propositions, to the French con- 1 (
.quests in Algeria, where " an immense , i
tract of land of the most exuberant fertility j ,
passes from the hands of this Arab, the ! |
Turk, the Moor, the negro, and the Moza- j
bite?indolent, ignorant, fanatic, without ; ,
industry or capital ?into the hands of those | {
who are capable of giving that territory it;, 1 ,
due and active part to play in tin-great dra- |
ma of the world." This is puie fillibuster .
ism of the most ultra Ameticaii school. I ,
The Times i-> tight in its position, for the | ,
.commercial ami industrial interests of tin: | i
1
world are beginning to awaken lo I lie I rue ; ,
issues involved in the discussion of the slave' j j
ry question. Cotton sml sugar are I lie ! .
immediate results of ilie system of tropical :
(labor established l?v llie early discoverers of 1
.America. Cotton and sugar have l?een the ' (
great sources of amelioration in the dre?s j .
.and food of man in every zone, and have I (
> jprodueed many of the most valuable im- !
,j)roveinen!s in his hygienic condition.? j (
. . Cotton ami sugar are at the present day | j
two of the nior-t importaiit fountains of the
commercial and in<iu>trial movement of the ]
world, mid therein, constitute some of the |
* greatest springs of modern civilization.? ,
, ylsot otily their production, but a continued s
increase of the product is demanded by the <
wants of civilization ; and any policy which j
shall tend to deMroy the productive contribu- |
tiouR of the existing system of tropical labor,
"Tiefore any substitute for it lias been cstab>
linbed, is conflicting with the material inter
c^ts of civilization, ami diercby with its true ''
'-development and progress. "v
. The existing Iiiimaiiitaristn theories, based
-upon nu abstract morn! truth, nrc found to
conflict with these social necessities, while
nt tlie wiine time they fail to fulfil in a inor
ul point of view the hopes of their advocates.
The first triumph of these theories whb
, ? witnessed in Si. Domingo. There a commu iiitv,
which in'1789 produced 145,000,000
? * pounds of sugar, 70,000,000 pounds of cof*
' fee, and' 0.000,000 pounds of cotton, li^s
L Ijeen destroyed to tlie industrial world, and
I? ^ iti^ilnce'lias been filled only l?y communities
^ organized on a similar social system. Tfo*
-f next,triumph is exhibited in tlio West tn
ilia colonics of all llie Eutppenn powojy, except
Spain. 1'lie chauge in their jocial orgauizaUup
has reduced the production of
fuigar in the English, French,r jfranish and
Dutch West Indie*, since ^?39. i]enr!y oneJinlf,
precfudirig^Ht the same tune miy advance
iu the culture of cotl^l. "^ffero these
,theoj.h;3 and/their attendantto he applied
to iho southern j?ortioti the United
Btht?tf i\n4r to the coloniep-?^^8pj?io, wliidi
Btill hoW to the *y?t^o^|?oi^jtHiy nc
t ^ T'\ rUln, ^iWw iVMwmir
would
i^iitaac. ? g
I :-:R Uf^lrue flmt fn tjjtf 1
c6olic labor of India .ind |fyj
blti<ii)i?|:.trt K-pl.-icc ihe:tim'j0^^SBlng' ,
ir~ T"'l:f" ' fft MmR. .1
f??[h founded, doubt 'gpnngifflfc umfa ]
world whether ttio coolt?rjjLy I,
y ?*6<%<^0on'nia with I
of hiirminUy, than is the cyiM^'
? ?i?vcry.<u, practised In
tw> {b?L c0Uftlt cannot u? anggg
^Mfully iq India hi idf'la'ilP H':
8tat?*? In Africa
yet hevv prf)<Jticrt|ly t?te4, apt! ?3Qwl
i it b?jio?tiv?iy' ?a*?rtoiiK>d, ther?jflW|
I great gueaiiout Impounded by tbg^WBBjB
' Can it be produced there with the certainty
of purpose and regularity of result necessary
for commercial purposes? If so, will not
the negio propiieter employ the compulsory
labor of slavvs ?
Commercial England has to decide these
questions for herself, and shaping her own
policy, to abide ils issue. Hero we are not
disposed to interfere with the desirable increase
of c.iIt lire of a staple so necessary as
is cotton to the civilized world, merely to
tiiny uui a iriiin, mat may seem moral and
linmanc in the abstract, but the practical
results of which, in a moral point of view'
are open to grave doubts. Through her
Indian possessions and her coolie system,
England may compete with us 111 sugar,
for the commerce of the world, but in cotIon
and its fabrics she cannot do so.?J\rcw
York IIcru Id.
THE DAYS BEFORE COAL.
There can be no doubt, for it is an unquestionable
fact, that the coal beds of England
are the real natural source of its physical
wealth. Without coal, it never would
have been a manufacturing country; without
it 110 cotton factories would ewr Imvo
been erected, and no steamships would ever
have lloated oil its waters. Ii is sim i?'y I
because it has the largest coal fields in Eu
rope that it is the greatest manufacturing
nation in that quarter of the world, lhit it
was very uitlicult to introduce the use of
coal among the old English people. J
It was first used in that country about |
six (M'litniic'S ago, and at that time English- !
men would not use the sooty furl in their
liouses. It did not suit the fire places or
.he domestic habits of the people ; but it
.vas found well adapted for the blacksmith
md the lime burner. Only the layers near
he surface and in eon! fields adjacent to ;
ivers or seas, were first opened; but when
ne m inaim increased, tlie miuersdiveil more J
li-eply into I lie howuls of the earth, ami
j jldiy \v?uk.*?l the coal wlu-rever it was to '
,?e found. Whcti the mines became deep, ;
:he miners were sadly perplexed how to get
ps?l of the water; ami it was not till the.
ileaui engine came to iheir aid that they fill !
Iv mastcied tliis dillicullv.
.
Uut the prejudices of ihe users were as :
ilillk'ult to stiruioti 11L as the |ils of the '
iniii'-rs. A citizen of London was once i
tried an<] executed fur burning .-?eal coal, in !
opposition to a stringent law pa?sed in re
tl... : - I .
i>/ hi.iv miiajvi'i i mil even long allel' '
iiu-li intolerance as this lia<i passed awav,
:oal was tab'tocd in good society. Ladies |
ia?l a theory that the* black abomination '
.poilcd their complexion ; and it was for a !
otig time a point of cliiplette not to sit in :
i room warmeil l>y a coal lire, or to eat !
neat rousted by stieli iiK'ans. Prejudice !
nxjiifslioiialil)' l.a.l much to do with those 1
dejections; but it was not all prejudice, for
ilmnst total absence of proper arrangenents
for supply of fresh air, and removing
moke and foul air, rendered the burning
;oal a very dirty and disagreeable compan- '
on in a room.
Wood was the principle fuel used in ;
England, and the forests but scantily sup- i
lied the wants of the people. Turf or peat \
,vas also employed in some Districts, as it
itill i* in Ireland and the Highlands of
->i:oii.uHi; inn in nil r>ngiatHi, wood is at
i resent iidkiiowii as a domestic fuel?coal
las entirely superseded it. ? Scientific
American.
Points in a Good Horse.?In purchasing
i good horse, sight, wind, feet anil limbs
mist be the uppermost objects of inquiry;
or nine horses out of ten are defective in
me of these particulars. First, then, exiniiiie
his eyes, and do this before becomes
>ut of the stable; see that they aro perfecty
c-lc/ir and transparent, and that the pu?ils
or apples of the eye aro exactly alike
n size and color. Next examine his pipes;
if good* and souud, on being nipped in the
ullct, he will utter a sound like that from
x bellows; but if his lungs are touched, and
tie is broken winded, we will give vent to a
Jry, husky short cough ; look to his limbs,
iod in passing your hand down his legs, if
you find any unnatural nrotnhprHmw nr
puffiness, or if feeling first one leg ilien tlio
atlier, you discover any difference between
them, disease, more or less, is present; he
may not be lame, but ho is not clean upon
liis legs. If ho is hrond and full between
the eyes, he may be depended 011 as a horso
i( good sense, and capable of being trained
Vo almost anything. If you want a gentle
horse, get one with more or less white upon
tiim; auttlf suppose that the parti-colored
lipraesbelonging to circuses, shows, <fcc., are 1
i&Mteif!' for (lieir oddity ; but it is on ucof
Ul<jjrdocility and gentleness; in
[act, tU% rotrv kindly you treat horses, the
jm&II bo treated l>y them, in reUt?H>'
atMji vf the Times.
i. Mr. Berdan has itr
Brooklyn a gigantic
rn five hundred bar
nto + proportionate J
f bread. This enorected
by means of an
which its inventor is
anticipate will super;>oces$
of baking, by
betlter and cheaper
oratatn hi a country
or natural ^pro
THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.
Wo arc indebted to Judge Butler fur the
report on the Smithsonian Institution
which wo have not had the opportunity tc
examine. It will not lie out of place tc
remind our readers of the history and
character of this institution, which takes
its name from Mr. Smitlison, illegitimate
son of the Duke of Northumberland, whose
familv llsmui is Kiiiitlismi. II.. #1 I tnm?
J "" "* -*w **,vv* "v,,,v
; In till con years ago, leaving his whole prop
I erty, which amounted to about five liunj
died thousand dollars, to the United States
of America, " to fuund, at Washington, un|
dcr the naino of the Smithsonian Institution,
an establishment for the increase and
dillusion of knowledge among men." The
general character of tliis whole provision
hecame, as may well be imagined, very embarrassing.
The legatee, a whole confederacy
; the object, diffusion and increase of
knowledge ; and the beneficiary, all men,
not only the Americans! The donor must
have had in his mind the great destiny of
the United States, and must have believed
that at some fuluro age these United States
would form a fit focus to concentrate and
! radiate the beams of knowledge over the
i earth. Still, the embarrassment resulting
! from this uiilimitedncss. liowmio <sa n-mut
?-> >
ami tiio danger that llio grant would be
misused for party or jobbing purposes, was
at one time felt so severely, that we remember
our Senator in Congress, Mr.
I'reston, proposed to waive the whole
legacy, and decline receiving the sum.?
This diil not, however, meet with the views
of Congress, ami the Smithsonian Institution
has been established.
It would take loo much space were we
to give an accurate account of the whole
plan ; nor has the whole plan, which has
been adopted, gone into full opperalion. It
will sullicc for rcadeis to learn that at.
an early period, Doctor IK-nry, then Professor
of Natural Philosophy at I'linceton
College, a gentleman who ha I established
a high reputation in America and Europe
by most important discoveries w.-i? ??.
pointed Secretary of llie Institution, lie
elaborated the plan which was ultimately
adopted, and of which the outlines arc
those : The Institution is situated at Washington,
where it has a library and laboratories;
the Institution calls, annually, a
number of gentlemen to Washington, to
lecture on a variety of subjects, during the
session of Congress; it publishes "Contri
billions." No paper can be published
which does not receive the favorable opinion,
as to its substantial worth, of a committee
appointed for the special paper.?
Several volumes, containing very important
papers, have already been published.
T!.c Institution also assists philosophical
iiupiirics, too laborious or expensive for
individual exertion, ll is, farther, the intention
of publishing annually, popular exposes
of all that has ln?i?n .I""""
4 "" O
past year in the tliffirreut branches of knowledge,
in such volumes as to enable each
person to possess himself of the ono lie
stands in particular need of, in his own and
special pursuit. It is also the object of the
Institution to aid in the publication of those
substantial works which are of the greatest
use in the promotion of knowledge, and yet
do not command a large sale?works, which
in Europe receive the assistance of govern
men'.s, which cannot be extended to them
in this country, owing to the peculiar character
of Government.
The government consists of Trustees, or
Regents, of whom ihe Vice-President is always
the presiding officer, and of whom
the members of the Cabinet are cx-officio
members. The Senate, as well as the
House of Representatives of the United
States, elect other members, and the whole
board elect additional members in the various
parts of the United States.?South
Carolinian.
The Boomerang.?This curious weapon,
peculiar to the native of Australia, has often
proved a puzzle to men of science. It
i? a piece of carved wood nearly in the
form of a crescent, from thirty to forty
inches long, pointed nt both ends, and the
corner quite sharp. The mode of using it
is ns singular as the weapon. Ask a black
to throw it so as to let it fall at his feet,
and away it goes full forty yards before
him, skimming along the surface at three
or four feet from the ground ; when it will
suddenly rise in the air forty or sixly feet, describing
a curve and filially dropping at the
feet of the thrower. During its course it
revolves with great rapidity on a pivot,
*vith a whizzing noise. It is wonderful so
barbarous a people have invented so singular
a weapon, which sets the laws of progression
nt defiance* It is very dangerous
for a European to try to project it jit any
object, ns it inay return and strike himself.
In a native's hands it is a formidable weapon,
striking without tho projector being
seen. It was invented to strike the kangaroo,
which "is killed by it with certainty.
An Old Chicken.-*ln attempting to
carve a fowl one day, a gentleman Jouml
considerable difficulty in aeparatiugits joint*,
and exclaimed against tlie man who sold
him an old h?n :for a young chicken, - ** My
dear," said the enraged man's wife,44 don't
talk #o much aboUt tW^iged and respect^
ble Mr. mUMp*.
that ^ghwted i# oaf
thai," saidtks husband,? aodlVsliora^ltis
I Uon scratched H up." ' L^.r.' r'
0 * " v ',+ .
' *. v*#* * ..
COTTON GROWING ON THE MEDITERRANEAN.
' The growing increase in tlio consumption J
i , of cotton, and the fact tlint our supplies aro
? chiefly derived from one source, exposing
* us, not only to considerable fluctuations in
prices, from good or l?ad seasons, but to
1 fearful consequences if, from any cause, tliis
1 great source of supply should be interrupt1
ed, is a subject of anxiety to our manufac!
luring interests; and it is not surprising
that they should desire to render themselves
more secure and independent, by obtaining
supplies from a variety of countries, in [
preference to being confined chiefly to one. j
Tin* im?w?rtc <.f ? " "
?l wiiuu nii'j urviii i>rii:iiu
last year amounted, in round numbers, to
900,000,000 lbs., of which about 700,000,000
lbs. wore received from tlio United
1 States. Mr. Thomas CI egg, of this city,
has been induced, by the importance which
he justly attaches to this subject, to visit
Algeria and the shores of the Mediterranean,
to ascertain whether cotton could be grown
in those regions, and his report to the Manchester
Chamber of Commerce now lies before
us. Not only will the countries which
he visited produce cotton, but formerly we
received supplies from Smyrna, Cyprus, Silonica,
Malta, Sicily and Northern Africa.
Most of our West India Islands formerly
produced cotton ; we received supplies also j
from Cuba, St. Domingo, Cavenne, Surinam,
and parts of South America. Nay,
so lute as the year 1810, our supplies of
, cotton were chiefly derived from these sour
tt-s, our imports mat year I rum Hie United !
States being 24G,7o9 bales, and from all j
other countries, 314,414 bales.
It is notorious that cotton can be grown j
in all countries within certain latitudes; tbc |
real subject for inquiry therefore should be,
seeing that it can be grown in so many
countries, why it is grown in so few; and
wherefore it is, that those countries which
formerly supplied us with cotton, have ceas1
ed to grow it ?
| The same economic laws which govern
I it,n ,.t r- ? 1
...? |..vu?v>i\'u <->> iiuiiiiuiciurcu guuos, or
any oilier kiml of produce, equally a fleet j
the growth of cotton. Cotton will not l>e j
grown unless it yield a profit t<> the grower. J
It is obvious, that the cultivation of cotton
I has become unprofitable in all those coun'
tries where it has ceased to be grown ; and
that there is no sufficient prospect of profit
to induce its growth in those countries
which can piodnee it.
In the year 1810, to which we have referred,
thu price of upland cotton ranged
i from 15d, to 22d, per ll?., and of West India
cotton from 2Id. to 2s. 4d. per lb. There
is liLtll? (loll I it H:;if llioto iii-i/./ia ~
largo profit to the planters ; but, from that
limo, there has been a constant decline in
prices, and a corrcspondiugdecline in the im.
ports of cotton from the West Indies, and all
othei places, except the United States. The
j growth of cotton in these places has been
superseded l.y the more profitable articles of
sugar and colL-e; and to the United States
has been left the monopoly of the supply of
cotton to Europe, solely because she cnu afford
to sell it at a lower price than any
other country.
The prices of cotton for common purposes
formerly ranged from 18<1. to 2Id. per
lb.; the prices for some years past have
riinwd frnm 1/1 tA O.I o? II- T'
a? i/u* iv uu* jifi iu? ii was
doubted, at one time, whether upland cotton
could be profitably grown below 18J.
per lb., and there might have been grounds
for the doubt, under the rude cultivation of
the hoe, and when the growth was confined
chiefly to the poorer lands of Virginia and
North Carolina, where the yield was not
more than 150 lbs. to 200 lbs. of clear cotton
por acre. But improvements have been
mnde in the culture and preparation of cotton,
as well as in its manufacture. The
plow has superseded the hoc, new and more
productive kinds of seed have been introduced,
and the richer lands of the South,
producing 400 lbs. of clean cotton per acre,
have supplanted the poorer soils of the
North, so that it is not improbable that Gd.
to 8d. per lb. yields as largo a profit to tho
planter as 18d. per lb. formerly did. It is
important to notice, that North Carolina
and Virginia could no more compote with
tho richer lands of the South than other
countries, and the growth of cotton being
no longer profitable, it lias ceased in those
States.
Tlio preceding observations, wo think,
have narrowed the question, which has become,
not so much where colton can be
grown, as to what countries wo can look
for supplies of an equal quality, at the saino
price as we can obtain it from the United
States. The importance of the inquiry to
this District can scarcely be overrated, and
we shall take an early opportunity of pursuing
it.?Manchester Examiner.
Large Punch-Bowie.?An American one
evening was warm in lib praises of the hospitalities
of the mother country. Amid
other instances he quoted one of the Rutland
punch-bowli, which, on the christening
of the young marqute, wm built bo big
that a large boat was set sailing upon it, in
which a boy Mt, who lad}ed out the lienor.
KISS OR FIGHT.
An exchange telU a story of a country
party thus:
| A stalwart young rustic, who was known
1 as a formidable operator in a " free light,"
had just married a blooming and beautiful
country girl, only sixteen years of age, and
the twain were at a party whoro a number
of young folks of both sexes were enjoying
themselves in the good old fashioned pawnpaying
style. Every girl in the room was
caned out and kissed except Airs. !>., tlio
beautiful young bride aforesaid, and although
there was not f? youngster present
who was not dying to taste her lips, they
were restrained by the presence of the herculean
husband, who stood regarding the
party with n look of sullen dissatisfaction.
They mistook the cause of his anger, however,
for suddenly rolling up his sleeves, he
stepped into the middle of the room, and
in a tono of vocie that at once secured
marked attention, said :
45 Gentlemen, I have been noticing how
things have been working hero (or some
time, and I ain't half satisfied. I don't
want to raise a fuss, but,'' " What's the
matter, John ?" inquired half a dozen
voices. "What do you mean ? Have wo
dona anything to hurt your feelings?"?
"Yes, you have; all of you have hurt my
feelings, and I have just this to say about
:? . ir r ? _ i s- ?.
.v. i.tita every g;w hi uie room oecn
kissed mighty nigh iv dozen times a j>icce,
and there's my wife who 1 consider as likely
as any of 'em, has not had a single one
to-night; and I just tell you now, if she
don't got as many kisses the balance of the
time as any gal in the room, the man that
slight?her lias got me to fight?that's all."
Now go ahead with your plays! If Mrs.
]}. was slighted during the I alance of the
evening, we did not know it. As for ourselves,
we know that John had no fault to
find with us individually, for any ncglect
on our part.
The abovo reminds us of a somewhat
similar occurrence at which we once enjoyed
a hearty laugh. During one of (Jen.
Turn Thumb's Levees in lialiimorc sonic
years ago, the hall was, as usual, crowded
with ladies and children. After the Gen
oral liiul gone through his usual programme
of gymnastics and other antics upon the
elevated platform, greatly to the amusement
of the grown people and the astonishment
and admiration of tho children, he descended
hy his ladder to the lloor, dressed
in his gaudy regimentals, and, with a grace
and freedom peculiar to that illustrious individual,
commenced kissing the little girls,
who eagcily crowded round him for his
favors. There was present a bright little
tl ixcii-headcd boy about six years old, a
great admirer of the General, to whom
Ii;ui been confided for the time, the chic of
his sister about two years younger than
himself, and another litile girl of about the
same nge, whom he called his sweet heart.
With one by each hand lie pushed his way
through the crowd about the General, who
was kissing away right and left, as fast as
he could. The sweet heart got her kiss,
but beforo tho sister could get near enough,
the little General was drifted away by the
crowd iu-another direction, and the golden
opportunity fur so distinguished a compli
?m.uu wiu? lubt. i\s me nine party returned
to their parents, the ladies observed Hie excitement
and indignation of the gallant.?
44 What is the matter!" nsked the mother.
44 lie ain't got any sense if he is a Gcuera!,"
cxclaimed the boy, ready to hurst into tears.
41 What did ho do 44 Why, he would'nt
kiss my sister, the mean little scamp."?
Morniny News.
Dr. Livingston, who has lately returned
from Africa, is reported as saying that that
country is very different from what it is
popularly represented to he. Instead of
being h burning waste, it is to the north of
this 20tl'- iliiorrnn /if cmtlli Intiln.lo
cd by many rivers, some of which arc large
anil deep. The population, which consists
of the true negro, is thick and more civilized
; they have a great desire for commerce,
and entered with eagerness into his project
for forming a path to the sea. llo believes
that he has succeeded in opening two paths,
and that that by the river Z.imbese will be
a permanent one. Dr. Livingston is of
opinion that cotton may be produced to a
large extent in Africa.
J&ducution North and South.?The
Richmond Dhpatch gives some interesting
statistics in relation to the comparative
number of students in the various sections
of the counlrv. According to this ili?r? 5a
"O " ' " *"
in Now England, one student to 016 of the
white population ; In the middle States one
to 825; in Virginia, North Carolina, South
Carolina, and Georgia, one to 645; in the
North-western States one to 607; and in
Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas,
and Tennessee, one to 680??tL?Is showing
the advantage in the States.
? ^ ,
1 What areyoii staring at, sir, may I ask f
snld an impemled, inoustached 'blood' to s.
'Hoosier' On a Mississippi steamboat, wjg>
A MISDEAL IN LOVE AFFAIES.
Eil. II., of a neighboring city, hn?l for
months been paying his iove-colorcd addresses
to the be.-mlil'ul and lovely daughter
of l)r. P. The commotion under hi<t waist *
coat was equalled by the throbbing in her
basque, and for awhile things went on ^
j swimmingly. ' Fathers have stony hearts," t
; and so Dr. P., never heeding the happiness j
; these lovers were enjoying, all of a sudden
forbade Ed. from coming to his house.?
Nobody knew the cause, but some said it
was because the Doctor had higher notions
: for his daughter Rosa. Well, liosa was
! worthy of a good husband, and Ed. always
j seiined to us likely to make one, for ho was ^
established in a thrifty business, a kind heart, j
and was respected by all who knew him. j
Resides, as the sequel proves, he liad perseverance
even against odds. The parents ^
offered Rosa munificent gifts if she would
. 11
"out" Ed., but all to no purpose. When
she could not see him at the house, she
1 r
could, and did, promenade the streets with c
him. Their persecutions only grew : tronger
as their lovu grew deeper, and finally Rosa
said if she could not marry Ed., she would
do something quite as horrible. Her parents
were inflexible, but Rosa began to t
i play "sly," and made clandestine appoint
I incuts will* her darling Ed.
One of these eventuated funnily enough.
Ed. was to come to the house and wait out- ,
side until the lights were turned off, ami
then she would quietly let him in. The
evening came, and liosa thought her
parents never would retire, liut after a
while the Doctor sought his night cap, and
liosa slipped off into the back parlor and
sat down in the dark. Iler mother, think- *
ing all others had gone to bed, lighted a
lamp, turned off the gas, and went up stairs
to bed. Hut while she was standing in the
hall, at the head of the stairs, she heard a
gentle tap on the door. Fearing that the
wind would blow out her only light, she
thoughtfully set it down in the hall, and
descended to the door by its uncertain light.
As she threw open the door, in rushed Ed., i
.,..,1 i...- i.:~ > 1
....... ovwiijj uti in inn ;irni>, uegau sucu u J
siege of kissing as prevented her crying ;
out for aid. l'oor E l. <ti?l not discover hi* I
error until lie had called her his darling :
Rosa about ninety times, and received upon i
his face a blow in exeliang for each kiss.?
But hearing himself called an impertinent
villain, he incontinently fled from the house
as greatly chagrined ns Mrs P. was angry.
Whether hi.s devotion or persistency won
the mother to his favor, is not. ! "?
Eil. and Kosa were shortly married, with i
the full consent of llic parents. It proved i
with Ed's love making, h-s it often does in i
cards?a misdeal changes the luck.?Kvobuk i
Gate City. \
NATURE PROVIDES FOR ALL. I
So vaiious arc the appetites of animals, i
that there is scarcely a plant which is not i
chosen by some and left untouched l?y i
others. The horse gives tip the water 1
hemlock to the goat; the cow gives up the <
long leaved water hemlock to the sheep; >
the goat gives up the monk's hood to the t
horse, ?fcc., for that which somo animals 1
glow fat upon, other animals ahhur as a t
poison. Hence, no plant is actually poisonous,
but only respectively. Thus the spurge,
th.it is noxious to man. is the most wIioIa.
some nourishment to the caterpillar. That ,
animals may not destroy themselves fur .
want of knowing this law, each of thein is
guarded bj' such a delicacy of taste and ,
smell, that they can easily distinguish what
is pernicious from that which is wholesome;
and when it happen* that different animals
live upon the same plants, still one kind ,
leaves something for tlio other, ns the
mouths of all are not equally ndapted (o ?
lay hold of the grass, hy which moans there
is food for all. To this may bo referiud an .
economical experiment well known to the
Dutch, that when eight cows have been in .
pasture and can no longer rrot nniiriJimr.n#
o - ?-- ? ^
two horses will do very well there for some
days; when nothing is left for the horses, "
four sheep will live upon it. |,
Latent Improvement in the Saw Gin.? <]
Mr. James L. Orr, uf Alnhninn, who oh- A
tained the premium for llio best cotton gin, ^
at the late fair in tliat State, has since
made a very important improvement, having
improved his gin to that degree of ?
perfection, as regards the sample, that he 11
fears no superior. llis attention has been l'
dii^cted to the incrense of speed ; and after l'
many experiments, he has invented a new ^
method of gelling clear of the need, by a 1
new plan of ribs, which sheds the seed at *
three places; thereby supplying the teeth .
with cotlo^instead of seed, and which 11
causes an increase of cotton ginned from j
forty to fifty per cent. This improvement 1
is rendered more valuable for not having tp 11
resort to the old method for mnlciug gins f
pick fast, which injures the sample. '
YYe learn from a gentleman thnt taw ^
one of thee? gins at work, thnt n forty saw n
gin can l>e made to pick one hundred
pounds in fire minutes, and make a good ^
Minple. A, patent for-thia gin has be?n ^
obtained, by |lr.: Ott.-^Oeor^ia Chrontelt
and Smlind. n r
-. A entlje length of th? 1
THE VEGETABLE KINGDOM QUIZZICALLY
CONSipjERED.
Read wliat Captain ,I<?b 1'rest, in his *
1 Wonderful Adventure*," ?>')'? of the vcgitahle
kino,Imp ;
Tlio term vegetable?sometimes prolounced
wogetablo?is probably tK??iv??.1
'roin the peculiar long and pointed form ?;f
his description of escuknts, hence origui;dy
railed wedge-catahli*, tln-nee wegetable,
ind now reduced inlo the present term.
A nnii-.l J...- >1
is tliey come up to blow..
Flowers are very warlike in thir disposiion,
and nre ever armed with pistils.
They are migratory in their habits, for
vherever they may iviolur, they aro sure to
eave in the spring; most uf them very poitc
and full of houghs.
Like dandies, the coating of many trees is
heir must valuable poriivn. Cork trees
ind boot trees, for instance.
Grain and ?:ocds are not considered dangerous,
except when about to shoot.
Several trees, like waleli dogs, aro valtiod
nostly for their baric,
A little bark will make a rope, but it
akes a large pile of wood for a cord.
Though theie are no vegetable beaux,
liorn Oil) n Mlmil.nH ?
*?V?V <VT? f* K't
It is eonsidere) only light and proper to
ixe-trees before you fell ihem.
Fruit trees have militaiy characteristics.
When young they are Iraim-d ; iltey have
uany kernels and tlieir rdioot* nre straight.
Grain must be treated like insects; when
lie heap l>ctuls it must he cradled; and
.hreshiug is resorted u> lit it for use.
Tares are mostly found with smaller
rraius?which require sowing.
Great indulgence in fruit is dangerous?
ind loo free a use of melons produces a
neloncolie cflecL
Old iii;Udrt nro fond of pears?but call nut
nidure any reference to dates.
Sailors are attached to hays ; oyntermen I
,o beeches; love sick maidens !u pine.
India Rubber.?The wonders of India
rubber are not likely to be soon exhausted.
Lately what are called *' Hard India Goods"
fire manufactured from h composition invented
by Mr. ChufVee, which cuiisials in mixing
coal-tar with the rubber. From this result
a substance resembling solid Mono, an
black as coal, out of which articles are
made, solid, elastic, and elegant, needing no
finish but exhibiting as beautiful a polish
as metal is susceptible of. Cabinet vvaro,
spectacles, liows, opera glasses, castors, nan 1statitlx,
inkstands, l>i ;iI:; fur the hair, pencil
cases, cigar ca?es, ami in fad almost every
tiling can be made of it. One very important
one, however, should not bo omitted ;
llic new telegraph wire is made of it. It
needs no poles, no covering. The wire i < t
laid in a trench a few inches deep, enclosed
n the rubber; no dampness can alioct it,
10 storm throw it down, no insect sever, no ,
ust corrode. The Government has ordered
nival buttons to be supplied of this material*
jutta perelm may be employed in the same
vay with equal advantage; and why not,
i -i?
ueii, ouiiiB sngui agiicimurai implements!
I'liere in progress in material things at any
ate.?Newark Advertiser.
Tempering Steel.?Iii a recent discussion
>? the manufacture of steel, inquiries were
nade as to what steel was host fur different
duds of manufacture?to which the followng
answers have been obtained : Cast
tool, if it can be applied, dotihlo sheer for
latehcts, or any kind of edge tool that
aunot be well made of cast steel, the temper
to be as follows : For boring cylinder*,
urning rolls, or any largo east iron, let it
>e as hard as water can make it; minding
lot to heat it more thnu a cherry red.?
?ools for turning wrought iron, pule straw
olor, 430 degrees Fall.; sinnll to?.ls for
litto, shade of darker yellow, 450 degrees;
ools for wood, a shade darker, 470; tools
or screw taps, <fcc., slill darker straw color,
90 ; for hatchets, chipping chisels, brown
ellow, 500 : for small runners, yellow,
lightly tinged with purple, 520; for shears,
iglit purple, 530 ; for swords, springs, &en
lark purple, 550; for fine sawn, daggers,
ic., dark hlue, 570 ; for hand and pit saws,
cc^pale bluo, 500?nil of Fahrcuheit.
Wonders will never Cease.?It is now
;'nveiy proposed not to deepen, but lo. fill
p ilio city of llurlcin, atJSew York, sons
t> extend tlie city, when necessary, in thnt
irection. Sixty yenra ago tliore wm aixty
iet depth of water on the present irite 6f
lie Tombs and it is not so long'sinco canal
trcetand its vicinity were a running stream.
Iarlum river, therefore, inighl be converted
ito building lots, and its obliteration from
lie map would eertXinly render tine itewrtt
1.^1.1... / ? ?--.triA
miuio ^wlllcii woqia tfh
linlsli seriously tbe miiuuhI s?le# of f?v#r
nd ague renjodU*;) but iUe iii>prw?i??irt
> not likely to be attehi pied? at least until ^J
istoriH, Greenpoint mid Br\>< klyn become
consolidated part^of $?w York city.
TU Origin f
hat favoriip pfttlor instrument,
idered nn almost. indi^pynviblo, arijehM*
very fnmjly tbiUriCT^vj^roliw? it, wa?mented
by J. O..8clwpotl?-r, of L>r?wlon, iu