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fm wmm. "' TWO DOLLARS PER ANNUM] "the price oi* ijibbntv ijs? ettijnua.xj vzg-iij aktce." [PAYABLE IN ADVANCE# BY DAVIS & HOLLINGSWOR^ ABBEVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY MORNING, JANUARY 29, 1857. VOL. XIII NO. 10. THE INDUSTRIAL CONFLICT IN ENGLAND-" ; A NEW PHASE OF THE SLAVERY QUESTION. I The return of Dr. Livingston, tlio Alri j van explorer, to England, lias given iise to j ? curious conilict there, which indicates tlie i tone and tide of public opinion in Great ! Britain. This is nothing less than the coil- | llict between the true policy of the coinmer. , vial and industrial classes, and that of the j y family cliques which have f<?r so long a j W time governed Kngland. Tho London y Times, the errant oriran of the merchants ^ I wnd manufacturers, l?ol? 1 lv announces, in I ^commenting upon Dr. Livingston's discov- i tries, that " the one great service which the j world demands from the negro race is the ; production of cotton," and admitting that . I the while man seems unfitted for labor , under the peculiar conditions of place and atmosphere requisite for the cultivation of | this necessary staple," propounds the doubt whether, even if it were possible to transfer the scenes of its production to Africa, "the negro will cultivate the soil with the certainty of purpose and regularity of result necessary for commercial purposes." It goes even further than this, and asks "if the ne- | gro proprietcr will not employ the compul- ! sory labor of slaves J" Hie London Post, the special organ of Lord 1'nlmcratoii and all the advocates of ! . 1 l government ny :i class, taKcs alarm at tlie>e j bold propositions of the Times, and endeav- ! ors to change the issue by assuming that the battle now g"ing on and whose oxis- j itence it expressly admits, is a battle between ' , geography and slavery. In the cotir.-c of its reasoning it admits that coffee an<l sugar j | arc articles of uiiivcisal list: in all /ones; i ( but points to India and the Jape Colony, to i i'reach Algeria and Svria, where it savs . . ; * the cotton plant yet flourishes in the gar- t dens of the Aleppo, an 1 the sugar cane by ! , the waters of Damascus." In the course of j t argument, tlu- I'ost is led into a singular advocacy of the mo.tt ultra theories of the ; | American tiilibuslers, in appealing, in sup- j | port of its propositions, to the French con- 1 ( .quests in Algeria, where " an immense , i tract of land of the most exuberant fertility j , passes from the hands of this Arab, the ! | Turk, the Moor, the negro, and the Moza- j bite?indolent, ignorant, fanatic, without ; , industry or capital ?into the hands of those | { who are capable of giving that territory it;, 1 , due and active part to play in tin-great dra- | ma of the world." This is puie fillibuster . ism of the most ultra Ameticaii school. I , The Times i-> tight in its position, for the | , .commercial ami industrial interests of tin: | i 1 world are beginning to awaken lo I lie I rue ; , issues involved in the discussion of the slave' j j ry question. Cotton sml sugar are I lie ! . immediate results of ilie system of tropical : (labor established l?v llie early discoverers of 1 .America. Cotton and sugar have l?een the ' ( great sources of amelioration in the dre?s j . .and food of man in every zone, and have I ( > jprodueed many of the most valuable im- ! ,j)roveinen!s in his hygienic condition.? j ( . . Cotton ami sugar are at the present day | j two of the nior-t importaiit fountains of the commercial and in<iu>trial movement of the ] world, mid therein, constitute some of the | * greatest springs of modern civilization.? , , ylsot otily their production, but a continued s increase of the product is demanded by the < wants of civilization ; and any policy which j shall tend to deMroy the productive contribu- | tiouR of the existing system of tropical labor, "Tiefore any substitute for it lias been cstab> linbed, is conflicting with the material inter c^ts of civilization, ami diercby with its true '' '-development and progress. "v . The existing Iiiimaiiitaristn theories, based -upon nu abstract morn! truth, nrc found to conflict with these social necessities, while nt tlie wiine time they fail to fulfil in a inor ul point of view the hopes of their advocates. The first triumph of these theories whb , ? witnessed in Si. Domingo. There a commu iiitv, which in'1789 produced 145,000,000 ? * pounds of sugar, 70,000,000 pounds of cof* ' fee, and' 0.000,000 pounds of cotton, li^s L Ijeen destroyed to tlie industrial world, and I? ^ iti^ilnce'lias been filled only l?y communities ^ organized on a similar social system. Tfo* -f next,triumph is exhibited in tlio West tn ilia colonics of all llie Eutppenn powojy, except Spain. 1'lie chauge in their jocial orgauizaUup has reduced the production of fuigar in the English, French,r jfranish and Dutch West Indie*, since ^?39. i]enr!y oneJinlf, precfudirig^Ht the same tune miy advance iu the culture of cotl^l. "^ffero these ,theoj.h;3 and/their attendantto he applied to iho southern j?ortioti the United Btht?tf i\n4r to the coloniep-?^^8pj?io, wliidi Btill hoW to the *y?t^o^|?oi^jtHiy nc t ^ T'\ rUln, ^iWw iVMwmir would i^iitaac. ? g I :-:R Uf^lrue flmt fn tjjtf 1 c6olic labor of India .ind |fyj blti<ii)i?|:.trt K-pl.-icc ihe:tim'j0^^SBlng' , ir~ T"'l:f" ' fft MmR. .1 f??[h founded, doubt 'gpnngifflfc umfa ] world whether ttio coolt?rjjLy I, y ?*6<%<^0on'nia with I of hiirminUy, than is the cyiM^' ? ?i?vcry.<u, practised In tw> {b?L c0Uftlt cannot u? anggg ^Mfully iq India hi idf'la'ilP H': 8tat?*? In Africa yet hevv prf)<Jticrt|ly t?te4, apt! ?3Qwl i it b?jio?tiv?iy' ?a*?rtoiiK>d, ther?jflW| I great gueaiiout Impounded by tbg^WBBjB ' Can it be produced there with the certainty of purpose and regularity of result necessary for commercial purposes? If so, will not the negio propiieter employ the compulsory labor of slavvs ? Commercial England has to decide these questions for herself, and shaping her own policy, to abide ils issue. Hero we are not disposed to interfere with the desirable increase of c.iIt lire of a staple so necessary as is cotton to the civilized world, merely to tiiny uui a iriiin, mat may seem moral and linmanc in the abstract, but the practical results of which, in a moral point of view' are open to grave doubts. Through her Indian possessions and her coolie system, England may compete with us 111 sugar, for the commerce of the world, but in cotIon and its fabrics she cannot do so.?J\rcw York IIcru Id. THE DAYS BEFORE COAL. There can be no doubt, for it is an unquestionable fact, that the coal beds of England are the real natural source of its physical wealth. Without coal, it never would have been a manufacturing country; without it 110 cotton factories would ewr Imvo been erected, and no steamships would ever have lloated oil its waters. Ii is sim i?'y I because it has the largest coal fields in Eu rope that it is the greatest manufacturing nation in that quarter of the world, lhit it was very uitlicult to introduce the use of coal among the old English people. J It was first used in that country about | six (M'litniic'S ago, and at that time English- ! men would not use the sooty furl in their liouses. It did not suit the fire places or .he domestic habits of the people ; but it .vas found well adapted for the blacksmith md the lime burner. Only the layers near he surface and in eon! fields adjacent to ; ivers or seas, were first opened; but when ne m inaim increased, tlie miuersdiveil more J li-eply into I lie howuls of the earth, ami j jldiy \v?uk.*?l the coal wlu-rever it was to ' ,?e found. Whcti the mines became deep, ; :he miners were sadly perplexed how to get ps?l of the water; ami it was not till the. ileaui engine came to iheir aid that they fill ! Iv mastcied tliis dillicullv. . Uut the prejudices of ihe users were as : ilillk'ult to stiruioti 11L as the |ils of the ' iniii'-rs. A citizen of London was once i tried an<] executed fur burning .-?eal coal, in ! opposition to a stringent law pa?sed in re tl... : - I . i>/ hi.iv miiajvi'i i mil even long allel' ' iiu-li intolerance as this lia<i passed awav, :oal was tab'tocd in good society. Ladies | ia?l a theory that the* black abomination ' .poilcd their complexion ; and it was for a ! otig time a point of cliiplette not to sit in : i room warmeil l>y a coal lire, or to eat ! neat rousted by stieli iiK'ans. Prejudice ! nxjiifslioiialil)' l.a.l much to do with those 1 dejections; but it was not all prejudice, for ilmnst total absence of proper arrangenents for supply of fresh air, and removing moke and foul air, rendered the burning ;oal a very dirty and disagreeable compan- ' on in a room. Wood was the principle fuel used in ; England, and the forests but scantily sup- i lied the wants of the people. Turf or peat \ ,vas also employed in some Districts, as it itill i* in Ireland and the Highlands of ->i:oii.uHi; inn in nil r>ngiatHi, wood is at i resent iidkiiowii as a domestic fuel?coal las entirely superseded it. ? Scientific American. Points in a Good Horse.?In purchasing i good horse, sight, wind, feet anil limbs mist be the uppermost objects of inquiry; or nine horses out of ten are defective in me of these particulars. First, then, exiniiiie his eyes, and do this before becomes >ut of the stable; see that they aro perfecty c-lc/ir and transparent, and that the pu?ils or apples of the eye aro exactly alike n size and color. Next examine his pipes; if good* and souud, on being nipped in the ullct, he will utter a sound like that from x bellows; but if his lungs are touched, and tie is broken winded, we will give vent to a Jry, husky short cough ; look to his limbs, iod in passing your hand down his legs, if you find any unnatural nrotnhprHmw nr puffiness, or if feeling first one leg ilien tlio atlier, you discover any difference between them, disease, more or less, is present; he may not be lame, but ho is not clean upon liis legs. If ho is hrond and full between the eyes, he may be depended 011 as a horso i( good sense, and capable of being trained Vo almost anything. If you want a gentle horse, get one with more or less white upon tiim; auttlf suppose that the parti-colored lipraesbelonging to circuses, shows, <fcc., are 1 i&Mteif!' for (lieir oddity ; but it is on ucof Ul<jjrdocility and gentleness; in [act, tU% rotrv kindly you treat horses, the jm&II bo treated l>y them, in reUt?H>' atMji vf the Times. i. Mr. Berdan has itr Brooklyn a gigantic rn five hundred bar nto + proportionate J f bread. This enorected by means of an which its inventor is anticipate will super;>oces$ of baking, by betlter and cheaper oratatn hi a country or natural ^pro THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. Wo arc indebted to Judge Butler fur the report on the Smithsonian Institution which wo have not had the opportunity tc examine. It will not lie out of place tc remind our readers of the history and character of this institution, which takes its name from Mr. Smitlison, illegitimate son of the Duke of Northumberland, whose familv llsmui is Kiiiitlismi. II.. #1 I tnm? J "" "* -*w **,vv* "v,,,v ; In till con years ago, leaving his whole prop I erty, which amounted to about five liunj died thousand dollars, to the United States of America, " to fuund, at Washington, un| dcr the naino of the Smithsonian Institution, an establishment for the increase and dillusion of knowledge among men." The general character of tliis whole provision hecame, as may well be imagined, very embarrassing. The legatee, a whole confederacy ; the object, diffusion and increase of knowledge ; and the beneficiary, all men, not only the Americans! The donor must have had in his mind the great destiny of the United States, and must have believed that at some fuluro age these United States would form a fit focus to concentrate and ! radiate the beams of knowledge over the i earth. Still, the embarrassment resulting ! from this uiilimitedncss. liowmio <sa n-mut ?-> > ami tiio danger that llio grant would be misused for party or jobbing purposes, was at one time felt so severely, that we remember our Senator in Congress, Mr. I'reston, proposed to waive the whole legacy, and decline receiving the sum.? This diil not, however, meet with the views of Congress, ami the Smithsonian Institution has been established. It would take loo much space were we to give an accurate account of the whole plan ; nor has the whole plan, which has been adopted, gone into full opperalion. It will sullicc for rcadeis to learn that at. an early period, Doctor IK-nry, then Professor of Natural Philosophy at I'linceton College, a gentleman who ha I established a high reputation in America and Europe by most important discoveries w.-i? ??. pointed Secretary of llie Institution, lie elaborated the plan which was ultimately adopted, and of which the outlines arc those : The Institution is situated at Washington, where it has a library and laboratories; the Institution calls, annually, a number of gentlemen to Washington, to lecture on a variety of subjects, during the session of Congress; it publishes "Contri billions." No paper can be published which does not receive the favorable opinion, as to its substantial worth, of a committee appointed for the special paper.? Several volumes, containing very important papers, have already been published. T!.c Institution also assists philosophical iiupiirics, too laborious or expensive for individual exertion, ll is, farther, the intention of publishing annually, popular exposes of all that has ln?i?n .I"""" 4 "" O past year in the tliffirreut branches of knowledge, in such volumes as to enable each person to possess himself of the ono lie stands in particular need of, in his own and special pursuit. It is also the object of the Institution to aid in the publication of those substantial works which are of the greatest use in the promotion of knowledge, and yet do not command a large sale?works, which in Europe receive the assistance of govern men'.s, which cannot be extended to them in this country, owing to the peculiar character of Government. The government consists of Trustees, or Regents, of whom ihe Vice-President is always the presiding officer, and of whom the members of the Cabinet are cx-officio members. The Senate, as well as the House of Representatives of the United States, elect other members, and the whole board elect additional members in the various parts of the United States.?South Carolinian. The Boomerang.?This curious weapon, peculiar to the native of Australia, has often proved a puzzle to men of science. It i? a piece of carved wood nearly in the form of a crescent, from thirty to forty inches long, pointed nt both ends, and the corner quite sharp. The mode of using it is ns singular as the weapon. Ask a black to throw it so as to let it fall at his feet, and away it goes full forty yards before him, skimming along the surface at three or four feet from the ground ; when it will suddenly rise in the air forty or sixly feet, describing a curve and filially dropping at the feet of the thrower. During its course it revolves with great rapidity on a pivot, *vith a whizzing noise. It is wonderful so barbarous a people have invented so singular a weapon, which sets the laws of progression nt defiance* It is very dangerous for a European to try to project it jit any object, ns it inay return and strike himself. In a native's hands it is a formidable weapon, striking without tho projector being seen. It was invented to strike the kangaroo, which "is killed by it with certainty. An Old Chicken.-*ln attempting to carve a fowl one day, a gentleman Jouml considerable difficulty in aeparatiugits joint*, and exclaimed against tlie man who sold him an old h?n :for a young chicken, - ** My dear," said the enraged man's wife,44 don't talk #o much aboUt tW^iged and respect^ ble Mr. mUMp*. that ^ghwted i# oaf thai," saidtks husband,? aodlVsliora^ltis I Uon scratched H up." ' L^.r.' r' 0 * " v ',+ . ' *. v*#* * .. COTTON GROWING ON THE MEDITERRANEAN. ' The growing increase in tlio consumption J i , of cotton, and the fact tlint our supplies aro ? chiefly derived from one source, exposing * us, not only to considerable fluctuations in prices, from good or l?ad seasons, but to 1 fearful consequences if, from any cause, tliis 1 great source of supply should be interrupt1 ed, is a subject of anxiety to our manufac! luring interests; and it is not surprising that they should desire to render themselves more secure and independent, by obtaining supplies from a variety of countries, in [ preference to being confined chiefly to one. j Tin* im?w?rtc <.f ? " " ?l wiiuu nii'j urviii i>rii:iiu last year amounted, in round numbers, to 900,000,000 lbs., of which about 700,000,000 lbs. wore received from tlio United 1 States. Mr. Thomas CI egg, of this city, has been induced, by the importance which he justly attaches to this subject, to visit Algeria and the shores of the Mediterranean, to ascertain whether cotton could be grown in those regions, and his report to the Manchester Chamber of Commerce now lies before us. Not only will the countries which he visited produce cotton, but formerly we received supplies from Smyrna, Cyprus, Silonica, Malta, Sicily and Northern Africa. Most of our West India Islands formerly produced cotton ; we received supplies also j from Cuba, St. Domingo, Cavenne, Surinam, and parts of South America. Nay, so lute as the year 1810, our supplies of , cotton were chiefly derived from these sour tt-s, our imports mat year I rum Hie United ! States being 24G,7o9 bales, and from all j other countries, 314,414 bales. It is notorious that cotton can be grown j in all countries within certain latitudes; tbc | real subject for inquiry therefore should be, seeing that it can be grown in so many countries, why it is grown in so few; and wherefore it is, that those countries which formerly supplied us with cotton, have ceas1 ed to grow it ? | The same economic laws which govern I it,n ,.t r- ? 1 ...? |..vu?v>i\'u <->> iiuiiiiuiciurcu guuos, or any oilier kiml of produce, equally a fleet j the growth of cotton. Cotton will not l>e j grown unless it yield a profit t<> the grower. J It is obvious, that the cultivation of cotton I has become unprofitable in all those coun' tries where it has ceased to be grown ; and that there is no sufficient prospect of profit to induce its growth in those countries which can piodnee it. In the year 1810, to which we have referred, thu price of upland cotton ranged i from 15d, to 22d, per ll?., and of West India cotton from 2Id. to 2s. 4d. per lb. There is liLtll? (loll I it H:;if llioto iii-i/./ia ~ largo profit to the planters ; but, from that limo, there has been a constant decline in prices, and a corrcspondiugdecline in the im. ports of cotton from the West Indies, and all othei places, except the United States. The j growth of cotton in these places has been superseded l.y the more profitable articles of sugar and colL-e; and to the United States has been left the monopoly of the supply of cotton to Europe, solely because she cnu afford to sell it at a lower price than any other country. The prices of cotton for common purposes formerly ranged from 18<1. to 2Id. per lb.; the prices for some years past have riinwd frnm 1/1 tA O.I o? II- T' a? i/u* iv uu* jifi iu? ii was doubted, at one time, whether upland cotton could be profitably grown below 18J. per lb., and there might have been grounds for the doubt, under the rude cultivation of the hoe, and when the growth was confined chiefly to the poorer lands of Virginia and North Carolina, where the yield was not more than 150 lbs. to 200 lbs. of clear cotton por acre. But improvements have been mnde in the culture and preparation of cotton, as well as in its manufacture. The plow has superseded the hoc, new and more productive kinds of seed have been introduced, and the richer lands of the South, producing 400 lbs. of clean cotton per acre, have supplanted the poorer soils of the North, so that it is not improbable that Gd. to 8d. per lb. yields as largo a profit to tho planter as 18d. per lb. formerly did. It is important to notice, that North Carolina and Virginia could no more compote with tho richer lands of the South than other countries, and the growth of cotton being no longer profitable, it lias ceased in those States. Tlio preceding observations, wo think, have narrowed the question, which has become, not so much where colton can be grown, as to what countries wo can look for supplies of an equal quality, at the saino price as we can obtain it from the United States. The importance of the inquiry to this District can scarcely be overrated, and we shall take an early opportunity of pursuing it.?Manchester Examiner. Large Punch-Bowie.?An American one evening was warm in lib praises of the hospitalities of the mother country. Amid other instances he quoted one of the Rutland punch-bowli, which, on the christening of the young marqute, wm built bo big that a large boat was set sailing upon it, in which a boy Mt, who lad}ed out the lienor. KISS OR FIGHT. An exchange telU a story of a country party thus: | A stalwart young rustic, who was known 1 as a formidable operator in a " free light," had just married a blooming and beautiful country girl, only sixteen years of age, and the twain were at a party whoro a number of young folks of both sexes were enjoying themselves in the good old fashioned pawnpaying style. Every girl in the room was caned out and kissed except Airs. !>., tlio beautiful young bride aforesaid, and although there was not f? youngster present who was not dying to taste her lips, they were restrained by the presence of the herculean husband, who stood regarding the party with n look of sullen dissatisfaction. They mistook the cause of his anger, however, for suddenly rolling up his sleeves, he stepped into the middle of the room, and in a tono of vocie that at once secured marked attention, said : 45 Gentlemen, I have been noticing how things have been working hero (or some time, and I ain't half satisfied. I don't want to raise a fuss, but,'' " What's the matter, John ?" inquired half a dozen voices. "What do you mean ? Have wo dona anything to hurt your feelings?"? "Yes, you have; all of you have hurt my feelings, and I have just this to say about :? . ir r ? _ i s- ?. .v. i.tita every g;w hi uie room oecn kissed mighty nigh iv dozen times a j>icce, and there's my wife who 1 consider as likely as any of 'em, has not had a single one to-night; and I just tell you now, if she don't got as many kisses the balance of the time as any gal in the room, the man that slight?her lias got me to fight?that's all." Now go ahead with your plays! If Mrs. ]}. was slighted during the I alance of the evening, we did not know it. As for ourselves, we know that John had no fault to find with us individually, for any ncglect on our part. The abovo reminds us of a somewhat similar occurrence at which we once enjoyed a hearty laugh. During one of (Jen. Turn Thumb's Levees in lialiimorc sonic years ago, the hall was, as usual, crowded with ladies and children. After the Gen oral liiul gone through his usual programme of gymnastics and other antics upon the elevated platform, greatly to the amusement of the grown people and the astonishment and admiration of tho children, he descended hy his ladder to the lloor, dressed in his gaudy regimentals, and, with a grace and freedom peculiar to that illustrious individual, commenced kissing the little girls, who eagcily crowded round him for his favors. There was present a bright little tl ixcii-headcd boy about six years old, a great admirer of the General, to whom Ii;ui been confided for the time, the chic of his sister about two years younger than himself, and another litile girl of about the same nge, whom he called his sweet heart. With one by each hand lie pushed his way through the crowd about the General, who was kissing away right and left, as fast as he could. The sweet heart got her kiss, but beforo tho sister could get near enough, the little General was drifted away by the crowd iu-another direction, and the golden opportunity fur so distinguished a compli ?m.uu wiu? lubt. i\s me nine party returned to their parents, the ladies observed Hie excitement and indignation of the gallant.? 44 What is the matter!" nsked the mother. 44 lie ain't got any sense if he is a Gcuera!," cxclaimed the boy, ready to hurst into tears. 41 What did ho do 44 Why, he would'nt kiss my sister, the mean little scamp."? Morniny News. Dr. Livingston, who has lately returned from Africa, is reported as saying that that country is very different from what it is popularly represented to he. Instead of being h burning waste, it is to the north of this 20tl'- iliiorrnn /if cmtlli Intiln.lo cd by many rivers, some of which arc large anil deep. The population, which consists of the true negro, is thick and more civilized ; they have a great desire for commerce, and entered with eagerness into his project for forming a path to the sea. llo believes that he has succeeded in opening two paths, and that that by the river Z.imbese will be a permanent one. Dr. Livingston is of opinion that cotton may be produced to a large extent in Africa. J&ducution North and South.?The Richmond Dhpatch gives some interesting statistics in relation to the comparative number of students in the various sections of the counlrv. According to this ili?r? 5a "O " ' " *" in Now England, one student to 016 of the white population ; In the middle States one to 825; in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, one to 645; in the North-western States one to 607; and in Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Tennessee, one to 680??tL?Is showing the advantage in the States. ? ^ , 1 What areyoii staring at, sir, may I ask f snld an impemled, inoustached 'blood' to s. 'Hoosier' On a Mississippi steamboat, wjg> A MISDEAL IN LOVE AFFAIES. Eil. II., of a neighboring city, hn?l for months been paying his iove-colorcd addresses to the be.-mlil'ul and lovely daughter of l)r. P. The commotion under hi<t waist * coat was equalled by the throbbing in her basque, and for awhile things went on ^ j swimmingly. ' Fathers have stony hearts," t ; and so Dr. P., never heeding the happiness j ; these lovers were enjoying, all of a sudden forbade Ed. from coming to his house.? Nobody knew the cause, but some said it was because the Doctor had higher notions : for his daughter Rosa. Well, liosa was ! worthy of a good husband, and Ed. always j seiined to us likely to make one, for ho was ^ established in a thrifty business, a kind heart, j and was respected by all who knew him. j Resides, as the sequel proves, he liad perseverance even against odds. The parents ^ offered Rosa munificent gifts if she would . 11 "out" Ed., but all to no purpose. When she could not see him at the house, she 1 r could, and did, promenade the streets with c him. Their persecutions only grew : tronger as their lovu grew deeper, and finally Rosa said if she could not marry Ed., she would do something quite as horrible. Her parents were inflexible, but Rosa began to t i play "sly," and made clandestine appoint I incuts will* her darling Ed. One of these eventuated funnily enough. Ed. was to come to the house and wait out- , side until the lights were turned off, ami then she would quietly let him in. The evening came, and liosa thought her parents never would retire, liut after a while the Doctor sought his night cap, and liosa slipped off into the back parlor and sat down in the dark. Iler mother, think- * ing all others had gone to bed, lighted a lamp, turned off the gas, and went up stairs to bed. Hut while she was standing in the hall, at the head of the stairs, she heard a gentle tap on the door. Fearing that the wind would blow out her only light, she thoughtfully set it down in the hall, and descended to the door by its uncertain light. As she threw open the door, in rushed Ed., i .,..,1 i...- i.:~ > 1 ....... ovwiijj uti in inn ;irni>, uegau sucu u J siege of kissing as prevented her crying ; out for aid. l'oor E l. <ti?l not discover hi* I error until lie had called her his darling : Rosa about ninety times, and received upon i his face a blow in exeliang for each kiss.? But hearing himself called an impertinent villain, he incontinently fled from the house as greatly chagrined ns Mrs P. was angry. Whether hi.s devotion or persistency won the mother to his favor, is not. ! "? Eil. and Kosa were shortly married, with i the full consent of llic parents. It proved i with Ed's love making, h-s it often does in i cards?a misdeal changes the luck.?Kvobuk i Gate City. \ NATURE PROVIDES FOR ALL. I So vaiious arc the appetites of animals, i that there is scarcely a plant which is not i chosen by some and left untouched l?y i others. The horse gives tip the water 1 hemlock to the goat; the cow gives up the < long leaved water hemlock to the sheep; > the goat gives up the monk's hood to the t horse, ?fcc., for that which somo animals 1 glow fat upon, other animals ahhur as a t poison. Hence, no plant is actually poisonous, but only respectively. Thus the spurge, th.it is noxious to man. is the most wIioIa. some nourishment to the caterpillar. That , animals may not destroy themselves fur . want of knowing this law, each of thein is guarded bj' such a delicacy of taste and , smell, that they can easily distinguish what is pernicious from that which is wholesome; and when it happen* that different animals live upon the same plants, still one kind , leaves something for tlio other, ns the mouths of all are not equally ndapted (o ? lay hold of the grass, hy which moans there is food for all. To this may bo referiud an . economical experiment well known to the Dutch, that when eight cows have been in . pasture and can no longer rrot nniiriJimr.n# o - ?-- ? ^ two horses will do very well there for some days; when nothing is left for the horses, " four sheep will live upon it. |, Latent Improvement in the Saw Gin.? <] Mr. James L. Orr, uf Alnhninn, who oh- A tained the premium for llio best cotton gin, ^ at the late fair in tliat State, has since made a very important improvement, having improved his gin to that degree of ? perfection, as regards the sample, that he 11 fears no superior. llis attention has been l' dii^cted to the incrense of speed ; and after l' many experiments, he has invented a new ^ method of gelling clear of the need, by a 1 new plan of ribs, which sheds the seed at * three places; thereby supplying the teeth . with cotlo^instead of seed, and which 11 causes an increase of cotton ginned from j forty to fifty per cent. This improvement 1 is rendered more valuable for not having tp 11 resort to the old method for mnlciug gins f pick fast, which injures the sample. ' YYe learn from a gentleman thnt taw ^ one of thee? gins at work, thnt n forty saw n gin can l>e made to pick one hundred pounds in fire minutes, and make a good ^ Minple. A, patent for-thia gin has be?n ^ obtained, by |lr.: Ott.-^Oeor^ia Chrontelt and Smlind. n r -. A entlje length of th? 1 THE VEGETABLE KINGDOM QUIZZICALLY CONSipjERED. Read wliat Captain ,I<?b 1'rest, in his * 1 Wonderful Adventure*," ?>')'? of the vcgitahle kino,Imp ; Tlio term vegetable?sometimes prolounced wogetablo?is probably tK??iv??.1 'roin the peculiar long and pointed form ?;f his description of escuknts, hence origui;dy railed wedge-catahli*, tln-nee wegetable, ind now reduced inlo the present term. A nnii-.l J...- >1 is tliey come up to blow.. Flowers are very warlike in thir disposiion, and nre ever armed with pistils. They are migratory in their habits, for vherever they may iviolur, they aro sure to eave in the spring; most uf them very poitc and full of houghs. Like dandies, the coating of many trees is heir must valuable poriivn. Cork trees ind boot trees, for instance. Grain and ?:ocds are not considered dangerous, except when about to shoot. Several trees, like waleli dogs, aro valtiod nostly for their baric, A little bark will make a rope, but it akes a large pile of wood for a cord. Though theie are no vegetable beaux, liorn Oil) n Mlmil.nH ? *?V?V <VT? f* K't It is eonsidere) only light and proper to ixe-trees before you fell ihem. Fruit trees have militaiy characteristics. When young they are Iraim-d ; iltey have uany kernels and tlieir rdioot* nre straight. Grain must be treated like insects; when lie heap l>ctuls it must he cradled; and .hreshiug is resorted u> lit it for use. Tares are mostly found with smaller rraius?which require sowing. Great indulgence in fruit is dangerous? ind loo free a use of melons produces a neloncolie cflecL Old iii;Udrt nro fond of pears?but call nut nidure any reference to dates. Sailors are attached to hays ; oyntermen I ,o beeches; love sick maidens !u pine. India Rubber.?The wonders of India rubber are not likely to be soon exhausted. Lately what are called *' Hard India Goods" fire manufactured from h composition invented by Mr. ChufVee, which cuiisials in mixing coal-tar with the rubber. From this result a substance resembling solid Mono, an black as coal, out of which articles are made, solid, elastic, and elegant, needing no finish but exhibiting as beautiful a polish as metal is susceptible of. Cabinet vvaro, spectacles, liows, opera glasses, castors, nan 1statitlx, inkstands, l>i ;iI:; fur the hair, pencil cases, cigar ca?es, ami in fad almost every tiling can be made of it. One very important one, however, should not bo omitted ; llic new telegraph wire is made of it. It needs no poles, no covering. The wire i < t laid in a trench a few inches deep, enclosed n the rubber; no dampness can alioct it, 10 storm throw it down, no insect sever, no , ust corrode. The Government has ordered nival buttons to be supplied of this material* jutta perelm may be employed in the same vay with equal advantage; and why not, i -i? ueii, ouiiiB sngui agiicimurai implements! I'liere in progress in material things at any ate.?Newark Advertiser. Tempering Steel.?Iii a recent discussion >? the manufacture of steel, inquiries were nade as to what steel was host fur different duds of manufacture?to which the followng answers have been obtained : Cast tool, if it can be applied, dotihlo sheer for latehcts, or any kind of edge tool that aunot be well made of cast steel, the temper to be as follows : For boring cylinder*, urning rolls, or any largo east iron, let it >e as hard as water can make it; minding lot to heat it more thnu a cherry red.? ?ools for turning wrought iron, pule straw olor, 430 degrees Fall.; sinnll to?.ls for litto, shade of darker yellow, 450 degrees; ools for wood, a shade darker, 470; tools or screw taps, <fcc., slill darker straw color, 90 ; for hatchets, chipping chisels, brown ellow, 500 : for small runners, yellow, lightly tinged with purple, 520; for shears, iglit purple, 530 ; for swords, springs, &en lark purple, 550; for fine sawn, daggers, ic., dark hlue, 570 ; for hand and pit saws, cc^pale bluo, 500?nil of Fahrcuheit. Wonders will never Cease.?It is now ;'nveiy proposed not to deepen, but lo. fill p ilio city of llurlcin, atJSew York, sons t> extend tlie city, when necessary, in thnt irection. Sixty yenra ago tliore wm aixty iet depth of water on the present irite 6f lie Tombs and it is not so long'sinco canal trcetand its vicinity were a running stream. Iarlum river, therefore, inighl be converted ito building lots, and its obliteration from lie map would eertXinly render tine itewrtt 1.^1.1... / ? ?--.triA miuio ^wlllcii woqia tfh linlsli seriously tbe miiuuhI s?le# of f?v#r nd ague renjodU*;) but iUe iii>prw?i??irt > not likely to be attehi pied? at least until ^J istoriH, Greenpoint mid Br\>< klyn become consolidated part^of $?w York city. TU Origin f hat favoriip pfttlor instrument, idered nn almost. indi^pynviblo, arijehM* very fnmjly tbiUriCT^vj^roliw? it, wa?mented by J. O..8clwpotl?-r, of L>r?wlon, iu