Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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6 M T^rc> WWf T? '(/TV WWW rwo DOLLARS PER ANNUM ] ' tixid priob o i* lihertt y xa htetim aXj vigii, a2nt o 23.* * [PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. BY DAVIS & HOLLINGiS WORTH. ABBEVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY MORNING, AUGUST 7, 1856. vm \M Kn ir fflaagaibib&iBiKDiga. SPEECH OF HON. J. II. SAVAGE, OF TENNESSEE. Delivered in the Home of Rrpresenfnlives on the retolulivn to expel Mr. i'rooks. Mr. Savage said : Mr. Speaker: Tho short space of fifteen Tnimiles will prevent me frmn pursuing the line of argument I had intended, by touching on the general questions discussed in tins det>ate. l have no time to ttennc policies or elucidate principles, but shall confine the little that I do say to tho facts and ?nciits of thu case. And what is it with which tho member from South Carlina stands charged ? After all, say what we will, do what wc may, it is nothing but an assault and battery? tho most common and ilie least degrading of all tlie oft'enccs known to the criminal code. I maintain theso three propositions: 1. Whatever offcnce has been committed, this IIou.-o has no jurisdiction over it; 2. if Mr. Sumner lias been badly beaten, he did not gel a lick more thun he richly deserved; and, last, although the member from South Carolina may have violated the letter of the law l?y a breach of the peace, yet, of all the culprits that ever stood charged before a tribunal, lie is the most excusable, and, instead of deserving punishment, merits your highest commendation. A word h> to your power to punish this offence?for I must protest against this first step in (he path of tyranny which you are attempting to taike. You do not pretend that you have any "rule of action" known and prescribed by "the supremo power'' to govern you in this case; but you sav that the law of his condemnation is your discretion, hidden and confined in your own bosoms, which no mortal man must know until the destroying edict is ready to blast bim. Sir. where law ends tyranny begins; discretion is the unlimited rule of your own will, is contrary to the snirit and gonitis of Ainerii-an insiimii.-ns, ami is not admitted as a rule of action in England, nor in any court up.?n Lite American continent. 'J'lte courts of chancery have no such doctrine, an old law-writer remarking ihat you might as well make ilie rule ?>f justice the length of the chancellor's foot ;is llie un- j controlled discretion of ids conscience. If you have power to punish offences committed outside of this Il-.iu f, it ia at) unlimited power, extending lo moral ;is woiI a? criminal dI*>, embiaoiag all pun islnnenl from a petty tine to the penally of -death, your feet are in lite pathway of Mood. Y>?ii are grasping at a power as absolute, as dangerous, as unlimited and undefined. as the basest despot ever yet exorcised. If luy life, liberty, and reputation nro lo be dosttoyed, what matters it to nie whether, by the decree of a single Czar or Emperor, or the edict of a hundred tyrants in the shape of Black Republican members * -of Congress urged on to lawless violeiue by parly zeal ? Your course will bo progressive. Take this step, and you arc bound to go further. The tenure by which you now hold your positions on this floor is falsehood, calumny and slander. To triumph over men bette r than yourselves, and ascend to those liiuh # places, jou have a-saded, l>y these ^ base, corrupt, and infamous instrumentalities, tlie constitutional rights, do- ' mcBtiu institutions, peace and 6afuty nf the whole southern people. To maintain your places here, you are now required to wound the sensibilities and destroy their character ; hut in the days of your progress other men worse even than yon will grow up under your own culture and trend you down; for they will he ready 10 go further than you, and dip their hands in innocent blood, and your precedent of this day will be their authority. I ibirc tlio majority here to imbody in a law tlit* principle upon which tiicy assume to art in their malice towards the member from South Carolina. They know if brought forward so that the people can see its triio character, they will doom it and its authors to k"-pp company, in all time to come, nri?J> .,-ihe dead bodies of the sedition jU?f|*od federalism ; yes, sir, and with an.Other odious law of the British Parliament .creating the offence of tcnndulum magnotumj by which word*, when spoken of a f treat man of the realm, were extraordinary penalties, alba if utttired of a private citiwo in this republic privileged it necessary to screen guilty pigress from the punishment he inflicetd upon the slansin of privato character, that to by construction the offence H and batterji Must there tba broud senatoi. another forfiWmW.?!li?nl . Sir, ^e jien?tor who will give ro every bo 1 ftUilw.and tiselhe freedom of speech WW * ?$??> no oneeJw, Will never be his liigh sachusctls senator appended to the minority ivport, nn?i I say boldly that for vulgarity, in alloc, falsehood, slander, and literary thieving, it has no parallel in any ago or any nation. A I southern society is assailed by the foulest charges; men in all ranks, from tho President to the western pioneer, arc characterized in tho rudest manner by the grossest epithets; even the gallant dead of his own State does not escape his vile tongue. Harlot, crime, usurpation, swindle, oligarchy, slave power, thugs, and assassins, and oilier kindred terms are common word* in this odious production to characterize Iiis adversaries. As a matter of coursc, hi introiitU'cd " tho weird sisters." I imagilK ho covdd not make a speech without the use of some such hackneyed phrases ; hut iti my opinion, it was a most fit occasion? for if ever there was a hell-broth of ull thai is vile and hateful beneath the sun, upor which hags ?nd fiends only ought to feed that compound was then flowing from the senator's lips. If northern gentlemen fane) such ail entertainment, I envy not theii taste; and it is understood that tl.cre ar< those on this floor who admire tho purity of iis language raid nobility of its semi meuts. Sir, these words and sentiments are noi the production of a pure, a brave, or a gen crous soul, nor of a bad man with redeem ing traits; tliey indicate a nature and hearl as corrupt as Satan?ono whose thought; are all evil?and tio matter how well tin artful hypocrite may have conducted the "outer man," and guarded his charactci before tlie world, those who judge the tre< l>v its fruit, know full well that night and .solitude are perpetual witnesses to his abasement. 11 was General Jackson's maxim, "thai he that can wantonly outrage the feeling* of another?can intend wrong where nont is due?is capable of any crime, bowc-vci detestable in its nniure, and will not fail tc commit it whenever it may be imposed 1 >3 necessity." What, then, ought to ho tin punishment of Sumner, who, with a hear! overflowing with malice and fatally bent 01 mischief?dishonoring the high commissior which ha?l been given him by a confiding State?with false charges and gross epithets slanders the people of fifteen Slates of I hi: Union?men and women, infancy, old age ibe living anu the dead?all alike? 2s\? only did I10 deserve what lie received, bu every honest hand on earth ought to hav< a whip to scourgo the villain around tin world. You cannot do whatever you p!iasc ii tho name of liberty. Your natural righ is restrained by civil law. Nor will tin liberty of speech justify tho utterance o falsehood, calumny, and slander; such of fences Hro pursued l?y the public law anc the private awnger. Where falsehood am slander higin, the freedom of speech ends Other men have rights as well as Sum ner, which are natural, inherent, and iuai ienable. Such arc life, personal security and private property. These no law car limit or prevent men from defending. Per sonal security includes reputation. Tin character is protected by the same law thai guards the body. Sumner, then, was tin original aggressor; by his falsehood anj Blander lie attacked the natural and inal ienable rights of every inan, woman ant child in the South. Every law-book warn ed him that such a course led to bloodshet and breaches of the peace ; and now, wher misfortunes coino, he endeavors-Jo shift tlx certain consequences of his own guilty deet to the head of him whose only fault, if ait} can bo imputed, is that he yielded too rea dily to tlio promptings of a generous na turc. I am not here to deny that Cwl. Brook violated the lava of the land by tho assaul which he committed, and so did Gen. Jack son at New Orleans when he arrested th? per&on of a bud judge, who was ahusinj tho power conferred by his high office fo base purposes, and to the injury of tli< country, as Senator Sumner did his. Bu the member has quielly submitted at th< bar of your justice atid fully answered am atoned to the violated law of his country and yet you seek to punish him u 6Ccon< time for the sums offence. If you expel the niombor from SoutI Carolina, your verdict announces to th< world that his presence here is incoinpati bio with the dignity mid safety of tin American pt-ople, and the corroct delibera tions of this legislative body. Every mm of yon knows that such a record would b< false, and yet you will not pause. I shoulc as soon expect justice from the fiends o the infernal world, as from a reckless ere* of desperate politicians, driven on by nuu ambition in the pursuit of lawless power. wnat is it tnnt snaices the people of tun continent, at with the power of a tempes or An earthquake; that tbreaU-nt (o over turn jour government; that it more dread od by patriots everywhere than po?tilenc? famine or foreign war; tbat lias fatten e< and grown great iu legislative cbantbera and now. from this Capitol, blows bis fon breath upon our people to our remotest bor ders, arousing them to imutaees, civil wa ,1 A. C'1.1 W'Ji ' l.ifr.Stti - . a,id rti.n I It U tlio political slanderer.Col. Brooks ?Uacked U^^n^eroas won der, and treason that ho assaulted. IIo , perilled life, liberty, honor, and all that was dear to him, in a battle with a monster inoro dangerous to tho interests of mankind than all tho fabled terrors of antiquity; and ho deserves more than tho honors > awarded to St. Georgo and Hercules.? ! 1J-.I .1? ?-? * - - I lAitinur tiimi jmmstinieiii, you ougm 10 build Iiim a statue in memory of tlio gallant dcetl. To call Sumner's mouth the Augean stable, would bo no groat extravagance of speech. If it were a grand sepulchre, into which tho dead of his muchi loved African race had been cast for a thousand years, it could not contain or produce a more disgusting abomination than this loathsome speech. It is time this universal system of slander should cease to bo the means by which some men arise to high station. My constituents, in common with the whole South, iii . . i. i ? , nave ucen aouseu ami irauuecu ; mm wnen5 ever I can get the floor upon a proper oc casion, I intend to have a settlement.? r Those Northern gentlemen who hope to ; build up their political power by pouring I out calumny and abuse upon people of my - Stale shall have a good time of it. Not that I will retaliate by abusing their cont stituents, who are my fellow-citizens, but - the unworthy members who descend to - these base means shall bo denounced as t they deserve; and if they can beat me in i this war of bitter words, or any other kind, ? | I shall not complain, and it will be the ; biisino-s of my constituents to get somer bodv else to represent them. 5 Slaves in Kansas.?From tho following I 0 paragiaph *.vhic!i we clip from tlio Squatter Sovereign, of tlio 8ili inst., published at Atchison, K. T., it would appear that tho slavu population of the Territory is upon 1 the increase; "During the past six mouths tho slave I population in this portion of the Territory ' I h;is greatly increased. Many settlors from J South Carolina, Virginia and otlier South- | : ern State.1, have wisely brought slaves with ' them as being the most effectual way of 1 settling the question of slavery in tho Tcrri1 i tor\-.^ Tlieso are tho kin J of settlers wo ? j need here now. We want men of means, who win open large hums?work their slaves, and by experiment test the adapta* ti?>n of .slave labor to Kansas. Every fanner 1 in litis iiui*'liboiliOod, assures lis thai their servant* arc much licalthi jr here than ihey were at the South and are capable of performing1 more labor. The soil of Kansas c.iuuot he beat, and every staple th-?t is 1 j produced in the South can bo profitably cultivated hero. "What then is to hinder our Southern friends from moving into the f i . Territory in large number*, and in all eases t bring their slaves with them. We can ' ... ? j irnuiu iwviii tuub incii |nw|icivj 1.1 juni ni safe ' ere sis in South Carolina, anil the ncj^ro thief is as close!;.' watched, and as severely punished, as in the most distant Southern St;itc. ' Wo again repeat there is no risk or danger in bringing slaves to Knnsas. A Dissertation on Hoops.?Tho spicy l correspondent of the? Pawtucket Gazette j thus " lots himself ouf on the expansive I subject of hoops in ladies' dresses: And, talking of the ladies, they aro posI itively getting bigger and bigger. The - petticoat mania rages fearfully. They fill I nn tlio khl^ivnlL'c _nc thnv Kw itam I -J ?I? ?" * "J > i you feci bones?whale-bones, I mean, for j there are no others within half mile of you. 1 What a dreadful reversal of nature is all r this. I do not object to plumpness and ro tundity in the proper place, but what sense - is there in being so tremendously orbicular about tho feet! Between you and me, * Mrs. P. T. has fallen into tho fashion, and t maugro my remonstrance, has purchased - one of tlio most monstrous of these invene tions. I examined it with much awe the other night, after she had gone to bed.? r Oh, Roberto! it was fearfully and wondero fully made. It is an institution. In size t it is liko a small country law office. I e think it must have been raised like a barn. J It is latticed, and cornered and stiff?R#?d wit.li ; the utmost ingenuity. When alio has it on 1 my 'glide wife' is (so to spenk) like 11amlet's father, 'clad in complete stool.' She i is entirely shut out from this vain world, o Quoad the earth, she is nothing but a large - skirt. So much for tho safety of tho cona trivance. The question of beauty is an" - other matter. , "'? A California Coroner.?The vigilance ? committee, in the course of their investiga^ tions into the case of a coroner whom they had arrested, elicited satisfactory evidence ' that he waa in the habit of disintering the bodies of persons who had been buried, for the pupose of dropping them in the 8 docks, and thus receiving the fees attending t __ t_ ?i:. t. j ?u mijucm. 1u una wmv, i; is ttfll'l, OU0 body has been made to do service three or four tunas?or m long as it would bold to| gather. This aeconnts in part for the great number of bodies, that Igbt a little while 1 i "go. were found constantly under the wharvea of Sa^rancitep, r jarTheeelebriiuU&ra^Doolitlie, Esq., .' L*if - ? jiA* - ??.- -- - .* <it j&Hlfo A CUTE YANKEE. An excellent 6tory is told concerning the manner in which a Yaukeo sold the landlord in a village in Ohio, through which the Great National Road passed. It was well known by the travelers on this road that it was impossible to get a full meal at the hotel in question, becauso an understanding existed hetwnnn llin Limlloril anil o ~ " * "" the driver, and, almost ns soon as the passengers were seated at the table, the stage was ready to start. On one occasion, among the passengers was a Yankee, who would bo " goll darn'd if he would'nt hev ! the valle of his money, any heaow." His I fellow passengers wore anxious to know how to manage it, and after a while they learned how. " Breakfast ready, gents," snid the landlord, ns the stage drove up to the door.? " Take a wash, getits ? Hero's water, basins, towels and soap." After performing these ablations, they all proceeded to the dining room and commenced an onslaught upon tho edibles, though Hez took liis time. Scarcely had they tasted their cofle?, when they heard tho unwelcome sound of the horn, and tho driver exclaim, " stnge ready!" Up rise eight grumbling passengers, pay their fifty cents, and take their seats. " All aboard, gents?" inquired the landlord. " One missing," said they. Proceeding to the dining room, the host C_ 1.. IT. II? ?. ! l ! ir . iimib ju.es very eoouy neiping imnscil to ail immense piece of steak, die size of a horse's np. "You'll bo left, air. Stago is going to start." " \Yal, I haint got nothing to say gain it," drawls out Ilez. " Can't wait, sir ; better take your seat." " Dew what?" " Get in, sir." " I'll be goll darned ef I dew, author, 'till I've got ?jy breakfuss! I'vo paid for it, and am coin' to ccl the voile on't: an?l ef yew calkei late I ain't, yew are mistaken." So the stage did start, and left llez, who contiuued his attack upon the edibles.? Biscuitt, cufl'ec, <fce., disappeared rapidly before tbe eye6 of his astonished landlord. " Say, squire, them 'ere cakes is 'bout eoul: fetch us another grist on 'em. You, (to the water,) 'author cup of that air coffee. I'ass them ogg*. liaise your own pork, squire 1 This 'inazin nico ham.? Land 'bout hero tolehlo cheap, squire ?? Ilaiu't nnioh mnple tiinher, hov yew ? Dewin rito smart trade, squire, I kalkorlnte. Don't lay your own eggs, <lew ye J" And thus llez kept quizzing the landlord until he had made a hearty meal. " Say, 6quire, now I'm 'bout to conclude paying my devowers tow this'ere table, but ef yew'd just give us a bowl of bread and milk tew sorter top off will*, I'd l>(? obliged tew ye."? rso oih goes Lite lanuioro ana waiter lor tnc bowl of milk and bread, set them before Ilez. " Spoon, tew, if you please ?" But no spoon could bo found. The landlord was sure he had plenty of silver ones laying on the table when the stago stopped. Say, yew, dew you think any of the passengers took them ?" "I don't know. Do you think they did I" " Dew I think ? No, I don't think, but I am sartin. If they air all as green ns yew 'bout here, I'm going to locate immediately and at wonsL" The landlord rushes out to the stable and starts a man after the stago, which had gone about three miles. The man overtakes the stage, and says something to the driver m a low tone. IIu immediately turns back, and on arriving at the hotel, Ilez came out to take his scat, and says : " Heow arc you, gents? I'm rotten glad tew see yew." Landlord says to Hoz: " Can you point out tho ruan who you think has tho spoonsJ" " Pint hiin eout ? Sartainly I kiu. Say, squire, I paid you four and niue-pence for a breakfast, and I kalkerlate I got the value on't. Yew'Il find them spoons in the coffeepot ! Go abend, all aboard, driver." Soliloquy.?While walking in the Ua'.l, the otlier evening, we overheard the following soliloquy by an individual who was reclining Aliiis ease on one of the granite ottomn^n " I wish I was a ghost, Iftaiu'd if I dou't. They goes wherover they please, toll free; they don't owe nobody nothing, and that's a comfort. Who over hoard tell of a man who had a bill agaiust a ghost f Nobody. They never buy b&trf and wittlee, nor licker, nor has to saw wood and run arrents as I do. The sbirta n?ver have to be. washed, nor the irowae* donlget qui at the knees, as 1 ever beam tell, on. Gboets is the only independence people I know* onj l really wish I was one, blast if I don V JOT-Art oW .Iady walked Into the office ?* a Judgt of Protmte io Ma?ubuMtU, 4?eeBp<**fcto*. "Are you th* Jodgo of WofeaU* f? * ^ *? *<#*?** to bo tbeir etwatioaer." r *.r. a**L THE GREAT WEOUGHT-IRON GUN. This ponderous instrument of warfare has now been waiting for tliree weeks the arrival of somo of the government ofliciala to test its power. So far it appears to liavo surpassed tho anticipations of even military ofiioers. An instrument weighing nearlj' 22 tons, manufactured of wrought-iron, and throwing a ball upwards of 300 lbs. weight a. distnriro of mor? tlinn fmir miloa with ile present low degreo of elevation, and with a very small quantity of powder, is what was not expected by tho military men present at tho experiments. Such is the case, too, of loading tho gun, ponderous though it is, that it can bo fired and charged and fired again in less than ten minutes, only six men being required for the operation. Of its destructive powers, little is yet known; but if the effect of the trial made on Thursday, the 22d ult., bo any evidence?namely, tho smashing to fragments a slab of iron a ton weight and 4 1-2 incites thick?no wj\lls yet constructed wouhl stand before its terrible projectile force; and it is not much to say of the gun, that, within range of a broadside of the finest linc-of-battle ship in the world, ono charge would be sufficient to completely destroy tho largest ship that ever sailed. The mere flight of the ball as seen closo to the gun is no test of its power. lie who would wish to see the effect of the missile must go to a distance of a litlle beyond two miles and a half. Tho ball can be distinctly ob-erved in its career, although the noiso made in its rapid transit through the air may effect even a strong nerved person, and cause him to believe himself on unsnte ground. As soon as the ball drops it tears up the ground for somo distance, and sonds the sand many yards high in tho air. It then plunges on its course, and continues to do so until it is fully spent. The excavation made in the ground on its first descent is two or three feet deep.? Slung on Mr. Julius Robert's principle, at an anglo of 15 to 75 degrees, the ball could be projected a much greater distance, while its destructive effect would be greatly increased. If such a gun wero employed against a place like Odessa, where all the public buildings and ail the principal houses arc bomb proof, a few hours would .sufiico to level them.?Liverpool Mercury. The Favorite Name.?Mary surpasses all other names in universality ; it belongs not only to women throughout, all Christendom, hut even to men who bear it as a second name. Thus, for iustanco tho Queen of Spain's name is Mary, her husband's name is Marv, her mother's namo is Mary; and even her sister's name is Mary ; her uncle and nil her cousins are Marys, and her cousin'B childen are Marys, in fact all the royal family of Spain, males and females* are Marys, with scarcely an exception.? This arises from the great devotion of that ! T% \ ' -? ,T* oouruon raco to u?e virgin, a devotion which has gone to such an excess of fanati cistn as even to confound the sex of the name by applying it to males and females indiscriminately. Endorsing a Bank JBill.~About a year ago a gontleman in Hartford, Connecticut, while counting some bank notes carelessly wroto his name on the back of a $20 bill. A few days since, a son of the "Emerald Ible" handed the bill to him requesting him to give iiim gold for it. The gentleman, on looking in the Bank Note Reporter, found that the bank had suspended payment, and accordingly gave Pat specie for the bill he had so carelcsslv endorsed. v Dutch.?The other day two Datchmcn were overheard discussing a knotty question. Said Hans: 44 Yacob, vat de Yankees moan, when he say about der mommemter, and de zee* row F 44 Vat,n said Jacob, "you not vera tan dat!" '' No, vat he mean !" 44 Vy," said Jacob, 44 it mean twenty hintches below can't get no colder !" "Yuw." ?30" The Louisville (Kentucky,) Courier says the wife of a well known drayman in Covington, died one day last week. The next day the bereaved man married a new wife and took her with him to tho dead wife's funeral. Firtt Appearance in Politics.?In Galon, Illinois, a Fremont paper has just appeared in the Swedish languago. Tljerc are now 100,000 Swedes in the Northwest, and ibis is their first political paper. i ? SW A polite young lady recently asserted that she had live^ near a b*n?yard, And that it was impossible.for her to sleep in the rooming ok account of .the outcry made by a " gentleman hen." J&T If there is M no gericM rule w ithout an exception," where is the exception to thu one that <} ma* always h*ve gg. 1.1. TT- .A ?i -?? ?i'.i . /&?!sa!??!L'a,tsia&iL. From the South Carolina Agriculturist. THE PKOPER PREPARATION OF COTTON AND FLOUR FOB SJ ARJLET. The greatest economy in tlie gathering j and preparing any crop which is produced, ! is essential to ensure the nroner nrofits to I ft I ft the planter. He inny have fine lands, propitious season*, and nil llio incidents to successful production ; but, if the most careful attention is not bestowed upon tlie gathering of his staples, ho is no better off in the j end than ho who tills poor lands, and carefully husbands and protects its products.? Fro.n the moment a crop is matured it domands, therefore, strict attention, and no labor is better paid than its preservation and protection from depredation. Jf all the cotton which is produced was saved, and properly brought to market, it would swell the production to a degree unthought of by those who 'to not look strictly into details. If this wh. ) not regarded by tho larger producers of cotton as essential, is a fact? how much is lost to tho planters by the careless and bungling manner in which the l r.._ _i._. ? nr.. ou^/ic me j;iu^miuu iui iimiKVl X ?? U | do not hazard a great deal in saying, that j from this alono the planters suffer more ; than from even short pieces, and all other j depressing causes combined. Nor do we ! assert anything but truth when we say, that these losses to tho planters of South Carolina would pay their taxes more than four j times over. Tho careful picking and ginning of cotton is most essential. Nothing pays better | than nttention to thc30 two operations. A good cotton gin should be secured, nnd attention paid to the manner in which the ginning is performed. The condition of the cotton should bo perfect. If it has been properly snnned before put in bulk, and se- j curely housed against tho effects of damp, | it will bo in such order that the lint will bo i thrown from the brush-wheel in a feathery, fleecy state. If the gin is in proper condition, tho staple will not knap, nor will the fibre bo cut by tho saws. Knapped cotton?, and that which is cut by tho saws, always sell for less than even dirty cottons, which ' aro well ginned, from tho fact, that tho j manufacturers have the proper machines for : cleaning it of tho dirt and leaf Toft in it; I .1.- ill i . ' - I uui wiiuii wic nuru is once uesiroyen, uh valuo is in like manner impaired. This exemption from injury can only bo properly secured by having both tho cotton and gin in perfect order. An overseer should not only be a capable judge of these things, but he should be alilo to remedy any detects which may occur in tho working of the machinery of the motive power which drives tho gin, as wtll as in the gin itself. The Georgia and Alabama cottons nro preferred in our shipping markets, not on account of tho superiority of their staple, but merely because they aro well ginned. In pneking cotton, six ropes should bo used to oat;!; bale; for if one should break, there arc always a sufficient number left to secure the halo from bursting. Tho rope, too, is seldom an expense to tho planter, as it usually brings nB much as it costs, and henco he can afford to apply it without stint. If six ropes aro used, the sowing of the bales on the s'ulo with twine can be dispensed with ; for witli close packing the bagging will meet, and even if it-does not-, there can be no wastage at the sides. From the mode in which cottons are packed iti the screwboxes in layers, the wastage only occurs in top, bottom and ends. Tho heads of the bales should be securely and properly sewed up with twine in the bost manner. After the bale is turned out, avoid the common custom of exposing it to the weather. If it is worth gathering, picking and packing for market, it certainly is worth protecting from the woather. If tbeKe particulars are strictly attended to, the cotton crop would bring the producer from one to two cents per pound more than it docs when prepared in a carclcss and indifferent manner. Flour, though not so important, is nevertheless worthy of the same care and attention. The barrels should have ten hoops, and in nil other particulars conform to the act of inspection now in force in this State. Flour for exportation should nevor be sent to market in sacks. The reasons for tliis are so obvious, that they do not require mention. No fancy brands, aqob m superfine and extra-fine, should bolndulged iu by the miller, but be should simply place on the barrels the name of his mill, with a private brand sucl^^A, B or C, to designate ita particularVjBality, to enable him to invoice it to his factojr, so aa to be recognisable by him. Our wheat-growors do not know how much they lose, and bow greatljr.Uni commerce of tho State suffer* from negligence is properly preparing flour for toarket. Recently two Spanish veeaela ca m e to Charleston to load, with flour, and although there wjui an abundance ip the market, they could not procu*?flf* bund** barrel* in ft fit condition for . exportation".-* Flour in sAekr, and Ill-conditioned barrel*, These are small details, but they make up llio vitality of trade; and if we wish to build up prosperous shipping marts, and iufuso active vigor into the producers of our staples for exportation, we must not negloct the particular requirements of trade. We have not mentioned rice and sea island cotton, for be it said to the great credit of hie producers of these articles, that upon no other crops, nor in any other part of the world, is so much attention paid, as is bestowed upon their proper preparation for market. The ayidity with whiuh these products ?ro 4..i i? ~t t ? -i - . ih.v:ii up vy our snippers, snows mat careftil attention and labor will always bo ino?t satisfactorily remunerated; ami when tho producers of short staplo cotton and flour bestow tbo samo attention on these products, they will find, too, that proper preparation will inure more to their interest even than the production of enormous crops badly handled. Wo would r<*joioo to see tho newspapers of the country take up this subject, and not let it rest until tho proper reformation in tho particulars mentioned is effected. From tftf South Carolina Agrlculturitt. THE PREMIUM LI8T OF THE ST4T3K AGRICTJLTUHAL FAIB. The State Fair, as will be seen by repeated notices mililiklinil will ?ol-? ?!??? ?i.:. - j -T- j < ? vitnv |'irtvy 111 VU tS .? City on tlie J llli dny of November, and four days following. 'Tbo Premium List, which wo publish in condensed type in this number, will lie found as comprehensive an that of any other institution of tho kind in the Southern State*. The Executive Coni- * * inittee had hoped that bill few objects of interest had been omitted in thin list; but they do not flatter themselves that it is aa complete and perfect in every particular as it should be. In token of this consideration, they beg all thoso who havo animals and articles or superior value, to prctcnt ^ then: at the Fair, aim ilioy may ?>? un? der the general bead of mcritor^ovf.iMtrieA, ?T_ entitled to special noiic* ?rt*d li n. liberal and generous vpirftftf rivalry, Si JURtiil'ested, it will enable (lie Cemuntta* ,|j| the more readily to pereeivo what they hzxm omitted, and tbo experience glean will be practically ua?fal to tins* a? ? the future. Our friend* who bare titijlcs ^ * ; uot specially ct>um^?4ai ii> tlvo. pxilB / must reflect that we are not alt ptt&oi, and / i - / ,71 that tho Committee :ire novices iu thiamairtcr, and only hope to bo thoroughly versed ~ in their vocation when thero is nothing moro that is new to be offered in competition. Let any one in South Carolina and the adjacent States who has anything worth 1 presenting, do so. Stajo pride should induce our own people to <Jo so, and a laudablo emulation to excell should prompt our neighbors to enter tho field whero tho prizes are of no contemptible order. Let tho studs of the South make our Fair Grounds a second Olympia. Let lowing !i?rds and bloating flocks testify that our people have still some pastoral tastes obtaining amongst i then). Let the golden harvest* of ^our grain fields and the fleecy Rtaples of our commercial vitality evidenco thai otir agricultural energy is effective and elevating in ^ its influence, and tending to a prosperity iti tho future, wlflc'h will scatter abundance over the land. Let tho handiwork of tho mechanic testify that labor am) mind must toil together. Tho manufactured products of our busy spindles ; the ponderous cast- ... ings of tho sons of Tubal Cam; the lifethrobbing engine, -will all find room for a fair comparison, test and trial. We look -with much iu(crest to the tidies of the State, and hopo Ihey will fill up tho extensive Wall and Galleries, which will bo in readiness to receive tho tasty product* of their skill and handiwork. Let altenj^er thfl liafa u'illi ?!?*? ?????? -J-? .... ..... ...... buu kiiiu ui rivjurj", and we will Ventura a prediction (but tho first Fair of "The State Aoricultviial Society " will bo a success, and the precunei of matiy, successively brilliant and improving to all tho interests of the South Cure for Cholera Infantum.?Tlie following is said to bo a most effioaoiotisrftmedy for tbo cure of this fnfn! An/! ing discaso among children, which parents would do well to cut out for reference: < Take a pound of wheat flows wrap it tightly in a cloth, and boil it for three hours. When cold, cut off the mqcfyagb, and a ball is left resembling chalk,. This is to l>o giveu to the;pntieot \n boiled milk, mixed with a small- quantity of good port wine. Ttomilk must bo pure, and not from awJlfcl&cows. 'JV remedy is situplo and witbin^l^i reach of all.