The Abbeville banner. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1847-1869, February 14, 1856, Image 1
I
. _ flB ttMM MIR
TWO DOLLARS PER ANNUM- "The Price of Liberty is Eternal Vigilance." PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.
BY DAVIS & HOLLINGS WORTH. ABBEVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 14, 1856. VOL. XII NO. 43.
rn n /rv t~. n n r\ cvi 'v? *n -? I " - 1
M II ? 15 \h\hH\ 1'A
v\|PEE !l OP COL. J. F. MAKSIIALI
VjU/i the Savannah Valley Railroad, deli
i ercd in (he Senate, Dec. 14, 1855.
\ Mr. President: With the permission
tl^e Senate, I will ndd a few words to win
in)' honorable friend (Mr. Buchanan) h:
so well said on tlie question now under coi
sideralion. Let us first consider tlic ohjei
lions to the right of the people of the Sj
Vannah Valley to build a railroad connectin
wmi me i >uio wage uuiiroau hi yvnacrsoi
uid terminating in a connection with tli
Sb*th Carolina Railroad, in Augusta, Geo
g'?- \
My honorable friend from St. Helen!
(Mr.
Johnson,) is opposed to the conncctio
with tho Blue liiilgc at Anderson, hecau?
it will, in a great measure, tap tlie lilu
1? ill go Railroad, and thereby carry a large
portion of the ruoihice of the Tennosst
valley into the State of Georgia?that th
State has subjected herself to a heavy del
for the purpose of forcing this Western trad
- *? 53 through the State to the city of Cliarlestoi
and the building of the Savannah Valle
lload will turn this trade to the Stale f
Georgia. In reply to my honorable 1'tietn
I say he is no true friend of the liluu ltidg
lload if he objects to this connection, an
if lie thinks he can force trade out of di
rect and cheap channels of transportatioi
to more circuitous and expensive ones, h
lias studied the laws of trade and of com
mercc to little advantage. 1 s:,y to him ii
all soberness, lliut the very motion lie ha
now made to cut otV the connection of th
Savannah Valley Road with the l>luo Ridg
Road, will he the means of not only criji
pliug, hut giving a death stab toCharlestoi
ami tlie Blue Ridge Road. I wouid asl
what were the objects in building the Blu
Ridge Road J It was to put our Bea-por
town. Charleston lliviriir tr> flirt nrmV.? -
, ?v ...v> U
the groat valley beyond the I>lue K'ulg
Mountains than any city on the Atlantic.
The State of < I corgi a lias expended he
millions iu making a railroad communis
tion from A n gust a to the Tennessee \ alle
and from Savannah via Macon, to the san
point. She has succeeded in diverting
great deal of this rich trade from Charle
ton to Savannah ; but the people of tl
Tennessee Valley say to the people of Soiit
Carolina, we want a better market than S;
. vannah?we want a more direct commuii
cation with Charleston, than going roun
by Augusta, where we have to re-load an
re-ship our produce. This can be efl'octe
by cutting a railroad through the l?lu
Ridge mountains in the direction of Kno>
ville, Tennessee. Virginia, too, is detei
mined to penetrate this rich valley of tli
West by her railroads; but when we com
to compare the respective distance fron
Norfolk, Charleston and Savannah, we fin<
that Charleston is one hundred and fourteen
miles nearer than Norfolk, and cighty-oni
miles nearer than Savannah to the Tonnes
see \ alloy. ISow, I assert this proposition
that trade will seek that market which wil
aflord the cheapest ami most direct route o
transportation, and will give the hijjhesl
price; and in return, will sell its goods and
wares the cheapest. Charleston is tins
market, which the people west of the Blll<
Ridge arc seeking. Well, what route is tin
most direct to the liluc Ridge Road ? I
Senators will examine the printed slate
inents on their tallies, they will see tha
Charleston is thirty miles nearer Knoxville
Tennessee, by way of the South Carolins
lload and Savannah Valley Road, than b}
Columbia and the Greenville ?fc Colnmbi;
Road; and if there is a connection mad<
from Aiken to Durn's mine on the Savan
nah Valley lload, the distance will bo al
most direct, and forty-one miles still nearer
Now, if wc can shorten the distance be
tween Knoxville and Charleston by the Sa
vannah Valley Road some thirty- miles ove
any otJier route in the State, and some on*
hundred miles shorter than any rout<
through Georgia, do we not increase tin
trade and transportation on the liluc Ridgi
Road? "When Charleston is the natura
market for th? Ti*iin/..=c?? v..n ?
? <11 icy, hiiu oil
afford all tlio facilities that the western mer
chants desire in the way of trade and coin
merce, and they can get there by the Blu<
i Jlidgo Road, seventy one miles nearer bj
the Savannah Valley Uoad, or by the Green
villti & Columbia Railroad, thirty-four mile!
nearer than any route through Georgia, wil
^ not these merchants consult their best inter
est, by going to the nearest sea-port mar
ket, where they can sell their produce foi
the most money, and buy the cheapest'
Undoubtedly they will.
Willi eucli advantages in favor of th<
J)lue Ridge Road, the friends of that great
enterprise inay well expect to transport the
greater share of the produce of the rioli
valleys of the West. Rut if we should gel
the transport, one half of the product
raised in the Tennessee Valley on a firsi
class road through the Blue Ridge, what, 1
nek, will we do with it when it reaches Am
derson Court House ? There is the route
v '3; over the Greenville & Columbia Railroad
_ -l!-? - '
w uiaiHiicu oi iwo nunurcU and sixty-foui
miles to Charleston, and the friends of tlu
Savannah Valley Road offer another shorter
and Uioy propose to make it a better rout<
by |t"first class road, of only two hundrec
prfrl twenty-four miles?being a saving o
, V distance of some forty miles. But, say mi
friends of the Greenville Railroad, by build
^ ing mis rsavnnnah Valloy Koad you itij
? *bur road. In reply to their objectioi
L, would say to the friends of tlio Greenv
v. ?fe Columbia Railroad, that I would be
last man who would raise his voice in fa
of of any project that would injure that ro
I have been and am still a warin friem
V5 that road, and on every occasion, on t
floor fltwl olcrtU'Jinvn T lxn'ft l'"""
c. advocate; for I honestly believe that it 1
l4. done more good for the agricultural itil
g osts of this State, than any other road,
i, sa)'> tlien, that this idea of the building
ie Savannah Valley Road being an injury
r_ j the Greenville & Columbia Railroad, i
| mere creature of the imagination, nrodiu
( j by fear ami jealousy. There is no need
M ; cither to exist, for if we will take the fa
as they are now presented to every pun
; who lives on or near the Greenville A* (
i luinbia Road, they will and must admit i
c j contrary to he true. Let us see some
c j these facts. There are eight months in I
^ ; year, from October to June, that this rc
I has as much as it can do to get off the p
j j ducc along the line of the road. Son
y ! times cotton lias to lay by in the way s
,) ] tions from two weeks to a month befor*
, ! mi. T ?i n -
I j ?v . J'|'V.V?* f? ai?llf A ilM\f YVUtllU I
e ! road do with the produce of the Tonnes:
(j | Valley that will come by tlio blue llii!
h j Road ? Our busy season is the busy seas
n ; of the West; their produce would hi
I precedence over all the produce along t
_ ! line of the road. Instead of the cotton
! ing from two to four weeks for want
! transportation, it would lay from two
four months. I care not how much y
! increase the means of transportation, t
_ j people along the line of the road, for whe
;1 ' benefit the road was built, would eitl
. I have to sutler, or the people west of t
blue Ridge. but. the managers of the ro
u = **
. ; would have too much good sensu to h
t j | ?
i jtiie trade of the West. They know tl
! we along the road cannot help ourselv
and therefore our produce would be c-arri
_ when there wsis nothing from the West,
r _ n
I maintain therefore tlmf ?ln? Ktiil.lim*
i- . ? o
y the Savannah Valley Road, will he t
)c^>ne;uis of conferring an indirect bem
a' upon the people all along the line of t
s_ Oroenville it Columbia Road, in dividi
lt; tVo transportation of the immense amou
I, of produce that will come from the We
ami allowing the Greenville Ilnad to a tie
j to i\ie wants of its old patrons and fricin
I 1 )(?.Sj\AC 2* ?*" ? ?
(| WIM/Iigll IICI^IIl, It Will IWM'IVC
j immense amount of this Western prodii
(j for distribution at Columhia for ail sectia
of the Slate. Tlie produce that will ;
down tlie Savannah Valley I load will
directly for Hamburg or Augusta, or
u Charleston.
e r.ut, Mr. President, I maintain that t
r, people on the Savannah Valley have a ji
1 and equitable right to demand an amend
! charter for the building of this road for i
t. gument sake. Admitting all the objectio
. to be true, which I think I have shown
t be without foundation. Let Senators loi
] at the following facts as they stare thorn
f the face. The Legislature have, with
I great spirit of liberality, encouraged t
I nertnlo of ili? r"'
, , b..v> t hi iuua nucnuns OI Hie ftlll
I ' to build railroads, not by giving them li
a eral charters, l?ut hy subscribing onc-lhi
3 of the amount of the estimated cost of t
f road. The people along the line of t
. Greenville ?fe Columbia Road felt the nec<
t sity of railroad communication with Charl<
ton. The people along the Charlotte ai
x South Carolina Railroad felt the same r
cessity. The people along the line of t
l Spartanburg and Union Railroad felt t
? same necessity?the people along the li
. of the Wilmington and Manchester R;i
_ road wanted a quick transportation to t
; j same market. The people along the line
. the Kings Mountain, Camden, Darlingtc
. and Clieraw Railroad felt the same nee*
r sit)'. Tlicy all applied to the Legislatu
3 for charters, and amended charters; ni
; not only this, hut they demanded aid fro
, the State to help them to build their roji
j No objection was raised to these domain
| And why ? Because they demanded as ci
1 zens of this State, as tax payers, as perso
. who are entitled to equal benefits of tl
_ government, to the right to carry their pi
2 duce to the market where they can sell I
r the highest price, and buy the chcape
. And not only this, they want to have
5 choice of markets. ]f the nearest marl;
I will not pay thein a fair price, they clai
. the privilege of going to the next. T
Slate not only granted the privilege, I
r said we will help you to build your railrot
I Then in the name of those people I repr
sent on the Savannah Valley, and in t
> name ot nil me valley above liull sluice,
I say are we not entitled to the snmo privi
? ges and benefits that you extend to the jk
, pie of other sections of the State? A
t we not tax-payers, and citizens of tl
, State? Ilave we ever refused to contribu
I our share in men and money, when calli
[ for, either by the State or the General Go
. ernment ? If then you admit that we n
j citizens of the Stnte and are entitled
t these privileges and benefits, why the o
i- ii>r.tion to this nriviler/o we ask of tlm
? ialature? We do not come here asking L
f State to aid in building our road, as she h
i dono to all the other roads, but we simp
I ask for the privilege of building, with o
f own money, a railroad to that market tli
j suits us best. Wc ask that the State w
- not attempt by unwise legislation to trai
ure niel our trade, and try to direct it from its fr
i, I natural channel. All wo ask >s the privi a
ille lego to carry our produce where wo believe t\
the we can sell it for the most, and buy the o
vor cheapest. Free trade was the motto of our S
ad. revolutionary ancestors. Free trade and ai
I of sailors' right was the cause of the war of di
.his 1812, and free trade was tho motto of our tc
irm State in her struggle against tho General tl
lias Government in 1832, and freo trade is the
Lor- motto of the people of the Savannah Val- P1
T I ? VT ..
i icy. " i\ot that we lovo our State less, ?
the but we love interest more." In loving our tl
to interest we proinoto the prosperity of oui fr
s a State. w
-C<1 But, says the opposition, by this Road ^
you divert trade out of our State into Geor<:,s
gia. This assertion I deny flatly, and T tfl
ion think I can show to any unprejudiced mind rc
-y?" that we gain for the Stale treble what she
'he will lose, and we effect for the South Car- ':l
olina Railroad what neither money nor in- 10
^lu fluence could accomplish, to wit: aconnec- iU
,:u' lion between the South Carolina Railroad
ro" and Georgia Road by a common track and
l,?* dopot. Let us see what the amended char- 10
,:i" tor says: "This act shall be of 110 eft'ect,
: until a direct conimunicHtion by steam or ai
l''e other locomotive power and a common
see track and depot between the Georgia Rail- P(
'oe road and South Carolina Railroad be estab- rt'
011 lished or soon red.'' Can we have anything sa
ive plainer than this! We have to secure to n'
'l0 the South Carolina Railroad a connection eil
by steam with tbe Georgia Railroad, or our w
amended charter falls to the ground. If
wo can secure this connection, it will be 'H
more tbftll mnnnv nr iiiflnnii/>n
',e fore. The people of Augusta have been
)se jealous of the rival interest of Charleston, (l'
Tl
,cr and have always refused a connection.?
"e The South Carolina Railroad has paid in
;u' $100,000 to the city of Augusta for the
?se privilege of crossing the River and making
,at a depot on the banks of the River. But **"
1 \r
es* by our amended charter we secure that
ut' which men and money can never accom- m
plish. If we can do ibis by carrying the
Savannah Valley Road through Augusta,
'1C we ought to deserve the thanks of the peo- 1,1
j pie of this State ami particularly that of
lie I pi i ? _?.?_? ? "f
wmu ivsii'ii, ami cue rvuun Carolina Kail"S
mail. Ihil this connection is not all the ad- K
1,11 vantages xve gain. Tlio city of Charleston lo
st> will l>e put on an equal fooling with the
city of Savannah, in com poling for the '(:1
Is. Western trade over the Georgia Ra.lroails. ^
an There will he no breakage of hulk at AulCft
irusla, and when there is a "Treat want of ol
IT
ns frfcigl,t cars, the South Carolina Road can 11
g? despatch any quantity to Chattanooga and ac
g? bring the produce to Charleston. Charles- cn
to ton need not have any fears about competition
with Savannah or any other sea-port
lie town South of the Chesapeak. From her sl!
ist natural position, she is obliged to be the co
ed sea-port town on the Atlantic for this Wesu
tern trade. Nature lists given her that po- nt
ns silion, and with the advantage?, that will t'1
to be conferred on her through the Savannah
ok j Valley Road an?l other railroads that are ^'
in i now extending through the mountains, she
a need fear no rivals. But instead of diver- co
he ting trade from this Stat?) inlo Georgia, the ^
ite contrary can he shown to be true. If Au- Pr
h- gusta should in the first instance receive the ba
rd produce of the Savannah Valley, it will fl- th
he nally find its way to Charleston, and her '1"
he receiving it is nothing more than what she ou
>8- has been doing for the hist fifty years.? nc
ss- Therefore, on that score, there can be no w:
id objections. But I maintain that our road
IB- will tlivcrt llin (pniln ^
- . - ?...uw AIVI11 LUC AUII11U3SCC 1,1
lie i Valley that is now going over the Central w'
ho Road to Savannah, to the Charleston mar- 1?}
no ket, and for this obvious reason, that by the th
il- blue Ridge and Savannah Valley Roads pr
lie they can reach the Atlantic one hundred wi
of miles nearer, than by going over the Cen- th
in, tral Road to Savannah, or some sixty miles ro
a- nearer than by going by way of Augusta ; th
re and to confirm what I have said that we tr?
nd will gain trade instead of loosing it, I will lir
mi mention a few facts. Within the hist
id. month thirty-three thousand brtlea of cotton th
Js. came down the Georgia Road to Augusta; a"
ti- out of that number twenty-three thousand 1*'
ns wenl to Charleston. That there was ship- th
us ped last year down the Georgia Road one A
o- hundred and fifty thousand bales to Angus- c?
or ta, and one hundred and ten thousand went to
st. to Charleston. These are facts that can be v"
i a relied on, and what then becomes of this pi*
;et jealousy, and diend of Georgia ? It is a ro;
!in shadow without foundation. ar
he From the peculiar position of our State, th
>ut boing surrounded on the North, West and
id. South, by State, that are anxious to gain ho
e- this great trade of the West, we must and to
lie ought to extend to our sister States that St
, I good comity which wo expect to receive mi
le- from them. If we expect to get this trade to
to* from the great West, we must necessarily W
re bring it through.other States which are as bu
be anxious to secure this trade as we are. If 0f
its we expect for them to be liberal to us, we ofl
ed mast reciprocate that liberality. And, Mr. thi
iv- President, by the running of the Savannah by
re Valley I toad across the Savannah river at fei
to or near Bull Sluice, and making these thi
b- grand connections in the city of Augusta, tio
g- contemplated by tins amended charter, we toi
be not only show to the people of Augusta, Qu
as but to the people of the State of Georgia, n0
>ly that we are willing to bury all animosity
ur upon die question of our boundary difficul* pa
at ties. That vpe are willing to advocate the de
ill freest vent for trade, and are willing to rai
n- reciprocate those privileges which arq due I bo
om one State to another. These tlispu
lid jealousies between tho people of t
vo States, and the States themselv
light and must terminate. Georgia n
outh Carolina are one people in religi
nd patriotism ! We have one conim
ustiny! Our fate is inseparably link
>gether, and why then, in tho namo
iat good feeling which ought to exist 1
veen sister States, do we keep up th<
fitty jealousies ? Rather let us bo mn
nnimous to our sisters. Let us show
le people of Georgia we aro advocates I
eo trade and are in favor of that comi
liicli ought to exist between sister Stat
y giving this connection with the I>1
idge road in Augusta, we prevent t
ipping of tlint road l>y the building of
>ad from Athens to Clayton. There is
II now pending before the Georgia leg
lure, to incorporate a road from Atlie
i Clayton ; but I am assured from liij
uhority. that if we give this connect!
; Augusta, the people of Georgia will
itisfied, and the project of tapping t
iad at Clayton will fall to the ground.
The last objection, Mr. President, to t
nended charter comes from the people
amburg. I admit that the voice of t
jople of Hamburg should bo beard ai
spected on this floor, and permit me
V, sir, that the people of that town ha
> better friend nowhere than myself. A
irliest trading associations are connect
ith them, and I take pleasure in sayii
at I believe that Hamburg is one of t
:st cotton and grocery markets in t
mthcrn Slates. It has been the mail
r ?1.o -f i/ ? .1 1
v..v- |<vuiiiu ui iiiv uisirici lur llie 15
tarter of a century, until here recently.lie
building of this road will in a grt
ensure restore much of that lost tra
>m this District. Hamburg is entitl
great credit for starting the road, ai
am the organization of the Savann
alley Railroad t inpanv down to t
oeting at Dorit's, I liavo been anxious I
e road to have been built from that tow
le people of my District in all the railro
eetings have been the friends of Ilai
irg. We rejected the first propositio
Augusta, when she wanted to become
Dckliolder, because Hamburg was oppos
it. Hamburg said she would rai
!00,000 herself for the road, rather th
L Augusta come in. We believed
ainburg, and have clung to her until \
unit wu were puuing in imminent pe
ir own interests. This matter of leavii
amburg has been considered time ai
;ain. We have held convention aft
nvention to devise ways and means
lild the road from Hamburg. In i
eso meetings Hamburg has been t!
irting point for the road; but we nev
uld get her to redeem her word about tl
il she was to give. Her subscripts
iver exceeded $80,000 ; but she wanti
e people of E>lgefield, Abbeville and A
rson, along the valley to build the ron
icy subscribed their thousands and te
thousands ; but with all their ze.d tin
uld not raise a sufficient amount to car
p rnml tn IFamlmff* TIia *1..
" ' " "'"61 ?"V? "JIIWUUII kill
esented itself to the people who had er
irked in this enterprise: shall we aband<
e road or seek material aid from oth
inrters than Hamburg ? The fact stan
ir people in the face, that Hamburg eou
>t or would not do anything more. Wh
is to be done ? Augusta, whose propo:
ins had been rejected time after tinr
ado to the company certain propositior
iiieli if acceded to on the part of tl
;islature, will be the means of buildii
e road to Anderson Court House. The
opositions, I am informed, are that she
lling to subscribe to the capital stock
e company $500,000, and grade tl
ad to Hull Sluice; and in addition
is, to secure a connection by coininc
ick ana <icpoi oeiween me south Uiir
>a and Georgia Railroads. All Angus
ks in return for these privileges, is th
ia legislature so amend our charter as
low the company to cross the river
jll Sluice and make the connection wi
e South Carolina Railroad in Augnsta.Iarge
majority of the stockholders
nvention at Anderson, have determim
accept the proposals of Augusta, pr
Jed this legislature is willing for the pe
a of the Savannah valley to carry th<
ad to Augusta. For this privilege i
b willing to relinquish the State aid ai
- IT I I
e xiuiiiuurg ouimcnpuun*
Hie question tlien presents itself to tl
norahle body: are you willing to gra
the people of other sections of tli
nte facilities for getting their produce
uket, and deny this right and privilej
the people of the Savannah valley ?e
claim to be a part of South Carolinf
it from our isolated position on the valh
the Savannah river, we have been c
: from all connections with the railroa<
?* L... :?-1 I?-I*
I. u>io ucsu vumimou ?|IU UUIIl in pit
the State. We have rich landr at
tile fields, and wliat is wanting to devel<
air true worth is a railroad communic
n. Tliis communication with Charle
3 via Augusta, will enehance the value
r lands three times the amount they a
w commanding. The people of tb
jtion of the State do not oome, like tl
ople in oUier sections of the State, at
mapd a charter and money to bqild
ilroad; all they ask ia for the privilege
iilding their road to that market whe
tes they can get assistance in building that road.
Iio They do not ask for inonoy to build their A co
es, road, but they say to you, they are willing crat vo
nd to risk their own money in the enterprise, statcmc
on and want to build their road to that market "
on that suits them the best. You have built
ed roads to suit tho people of other sections ; nierly ?
of all we want is the samo privilege ; but we pentcd
jo- do not ask your aid. I feel sure that this fabulou
>se Senate will not reject so reasonable a re- am' 'Ia|
ig- quest, and that request, too, coming from Mr. All
to o much intelligence, wealth and energy, with wl
for I leave it to the Senate to decide upon the years, ]
ity fate of this enterprise, and upon the futuro what 11
es. destiny of the people of thirSavannnh Val- that he
ue ley. Shall they improve and flourish by a David,
he railroad or not? ful chil
a years, a
a Mortality of the United Slates.?Ac- By his
|3_ coming to the census or 1850 the number few yea
,I)S of dentlis in the United States from June sire to i
,rj, 1st, 1849, to June 1st, 1850 was 323,023^ by liis
u)) of whom 2G4.G01 were whites. The total took a
be population at that time being 23,191,870, him, an
jie this is about one and four tenths per cent, that his
?the lowest mortality perhaps that has goods :
},e ever been recorded in any civilized coun- friends
cj' try. The tables show that the United and cm
l,c States is nearly twice as healthy a country to his 1
|)(j as England, France or Prussia, and more short ti
to than twice as healthy as Austria and Rus- wished
ve sia. Of the deaths for the period above have ih
mentioned, nearly one half occurred frotn remainc
_ l cholp.m mill v:irloim pmil'iifiniw ?lwn-icoo
uil a* m.mvu'w. ,v" Vl
t|(r Tlic number of cholera victims was 31,- youth ;
|lc 500; of yellow fever VBo. Of diseases ing, wh
jie not contagious the most fatal class was David
-et those of the respiratory organs, to which health ;
cause seventeen per cent, of the total At the
deaths was due?consumption and pneu- acre a
tnonia being the most fatal varieties.? cvincinj
,]t. Nearly eight per cent., of whom one half have in
0,j were children, were from diseases of the breusl \
nj brain. Five per cent, of the deaths were and lie
nl, caused by dropsy, any 9,027 by old age. powerlY
jlc Ten per cent, of the deaths were of foreign lie fro<]
-or birth, and five percent, of these were Irish, crs, suf
rn> There was a vast disproportion between lently ii
iUj the deaths from old age in the city and feel in
in_ country, the former being hardly one fourth our bolus
of the latter.?Boston Post, the Ind
, a in the I
All sorts of Minds.?There is a strong penetra
disposition in men of opposite minds to interesti
ISC .1^..:^ ? i. -.i? *
uwjinu ciiuii uuicr. ^v grave man cannot was otic
. conceive what is the use of wit in society; ever liv
ye a Person w'ho takes a strong common sense very nu
rjl view of the subject is for pushing out by age. /
the head and shoulders an ingenious theor- died, nc
ist, who catclics at the slightest and fain- were ni.
test analogies, and nnolhor mnn wlm
or ?; / ' ? .
scents the ridiculous from afar, will hold Jiule
no commerce with him who feels exquis- Govern
I itelj' the fine feellings of the heart, and is dent sh<
cr alive to nothing else; whereas talent is director
lic talent, and mind is mind, in all its branches 2 as jurJ'
jn ^ g,ves onc it3 best flavors, ous lra'
,)(j common tenso leads to immediate action, bred si
n_ and gives society its motion; large and perqiiisi
j comprehensive views cause its annual rota- ?f a Pr'
ns tion, ridicule chastises fully all imprudence, selves.
and keeps men in their proper sphere ; The
sublletly seizes hold of the fine threads of and h;
truth ; analogy darts away in the most road.
sublime discoveries ; feeling paints all the The
exquisite passions of man's soul, and re- an^ tlic
wards him by a thousand inward visita- ses? w^'
^ tions, for the sorrow that come from with- of
U out. God made it all ! It is nil good !? No t'
We must despise no sort of talent, they should
sj all have their seperate duties and usses?all be mat
the happiness of man for their objects ; they tho rigli
)s' all improve, exalt and galdden life.?Syd- The
ncy Smith. possible
licipatii:
1S The Early Life of Bishop liascom.? (j,0 bia
so The following account of the trials of lias- p,;Z03 ,
,8 com, the celebrated preacher, illustrates to crus]
what the home missionary had to undergo Nation
',e some forty years ago: In the western part i,0Jy,
of Virginia was situated a log cabin, the
,n chinks of which were daubed and filled with &37~
?" yellow mud?it had, perhaps, half of a sec- two
ond story, where you could study astron- l'10 ^en
n* omy without leaving bed, and adopt the 6ot fcl
*? hydropathic without the aid of any doctor 'mve 801
nt ?the kitchen serves as a breakfast and di- " ^
ning, a dressing and preaehing room. A Panion*
number of hens, with their chickcns, are ta- "
'n ken in for safe keeping. Amid the bark- raornmf
3(1 ing of dogs, and the noise of children, the on
O- 1 1- - -1 1- - - * * - ....
pifttunur iihu 10 suiuy, and, alter midnight, Obeyi
when nil had retired to rest, stretched on gcj,
his stomach before the embers of tho fire, jjeman
*? which served for his midnight oil, he not on
^ only acquired a sufficient knowledge to for j,jm.
prosecute his calling, but became master of jor(jnn??
lis several langunges. lie preached in one BUrp
nt year four hundred timea, travelled five thou- struck; i
lis sand miles, and at the end of that time his ^rftVe|"
to salary amounted to twelve dollars and ten
je cents! That man was Henry Bascom, who EC?" '
? was since raised to the Methodist Episco- "
i; paey. in which position he was an nmo. if thev
sy ment to tbe Church. inclined
ut be got a
3s Alexander Hamilton was only twen- taken it
rt ty years of age when he was appointed 88 mo8t
id Lieutenant Colonel in the army of the rev>p
olution, and Aid-de-camp to Washington. ^
a- At twenty-five, lie was *> member of the a^' (
a- Continental. Congress; at thirty, he was '0Ter>
of one of the ablest members of the Conven- ^ou
re tion tliat framed tbe Constitution of the ^et W?,A
lis United States; at thirty-two, he was 8ecie
retary of the Treasury, and organized that Jcy <
td branoh of the Government upon so com- one P e*
a pleU and comprehensive a plan, that no ?Paf<
of great change or improvement baa since lady, "1
re been made opon it. ...,.. little Chi
*
A Remarkable Man.
rrespondent of the Louisville I)em<t- _
uches for tho truth of the following
int:
ving during tho Inst ten years heard Wi
.ory of Mr. David Wilson (who for- ;n
csidcd at Carrollton. Kentucky,) re- |?
frequently, and which seemed to nic in;
s, or which taxed my credulity much, <r,ppening
a few days ago to meet with ! Sl,
ixander Wilson, of North Madison, j
10m I've been acquainted for several a ,
[ spoke of his father, and he said rrt.
liad heard was correct, lie told mc ' no
(Alexander) was tho 4Dth child of '
and David was the father of 47 law- l,c
Jren. He lived to the age of 107 |y
nil i.;? ? -
MIIU .nv: nivvs. all
first wife lie had 18 children. A ti(]
rs before lie died, he expressed a de- s|,
remove to Indiana, but was opposed ;l ,
fillh and last wife. lie, however, p0
trip to find a new location to suit
d when he returned homo he found ?rr
i wife had packed up some of the j <rr
and chattels and returned to her ],0
in Kentucky. lie went after her J cx
leavored to persuade her to return Ju
louse, but she would not go. In a i SII
me, however, she relented, and then j wj
to return to his house; but he would j t]l(
?lhin<r to do with her?mvl so ilw.w I .
? J ! IL-l
id separated till his death. Very ! (],,
Iiis children died in their infancy or I ij,
and there are now 35 of them liv- 1 <rr
i I
o are all men and women full grown. | ,|c
Wilson was a man of pure good w;
mid robust physical constitution.? vv|
age of 105 years, he could mow an j?,
day for a week at a time, without l0,
5 much fatigue. lie appeared to ?lj|
ot a rib. The whole region of his i|?
vas shielded by a plate of^olid bone, H .
could receive the most severe and or
il blows upon it without being hurt.
Uently, for the gratification of oth- ? |
lered them to strike him most vio- |l(1
ti the breast, without being made to C01
the least uncomfortable. During
dor wars, lie was taken prisoner l?v
inns, and they attempted to stab liim w ]
jrcast, bnt funnel the solid bone im- C0I
ble. llis minute history wonM be tjl(
ing, if collected and published, lie
s of the most remarkable men that (ut
L'd in America. Ilis progeny was j
morons, and he attained a green old jit
the age of 107 years, when he j
>ne of his faculties of mind or body t|l(
utcrially impaired." ^
s and Jirr/tilu lions which should (0
Railroad Comjxtnies?Tho prcsi l'"
ould be a coroncr, and the board of lo<;
s of sufficient mental calibre to act ^r~
men. The conductors on tho vari- 111
11s should be by profession thorough- u '
irgeons; tlius to the pleasures of
tes ami salary, they couhl aihl those l'"
sfiiable practice, created hy them- to'
no
brakemen should he undertakers,
ive shops at each depot on tlie
fee
engineer must he a grave-digger, slc
> stokers able to officiate as witnes>
can swear the whole company out *''
arts of accidents.
wo time-jiieces used by the company w*'
agree. Nor should the company ,a'
le responsible for anything except 11P
it of way. ^
... .... In
passengers snouiu pay tue lngnest "
amount lor the privilege of parig
in this locomotive lottery scheme, tx<
nks being labelled death, and the m'
anging from dislocated ankles up cx'
jed ribs, cracked heads, and a mu- st"'
and manglement of the entire
*...*? <-'<>1
The Lynn News tells a good sloiy via
boys, one of whom was boasting of uiii
lilies of his father's house. 44 It's oil
ipola," said he, "and it's going to dm
inething else." act
lat is it?" asked his interested com- the
res
y, I heard father tell mother this ,nH
f, that it's going to have n mortgage ^ 8(
mo
^ ? tlio
Ing Orders.?At a New York Sun- m
ool the other day, a reverend gen- ted
after exhorting and advising the foo
cp, requested them to sincr Jordan to''
?expecting, of course, to hear " On
\ stormy banks I stand," when to pju
rise, the scholars, with one accord, f0o
up, "Jordan am a bard road to j
In
^ ^ ntrt
!t When I goes shoppin," said an ohl a si
I alters asks for what I wants, and ,nH
have it, and Si's suitable, and I feel
to by it, and it's cheap, and can't 8Uj,
t any place for less, I almost allers 1
without chappenTng about it all day ?mi
people does."
car
rtlly Riddle.-*-" I will consent to
lesire," said a young female to her '?]
on condition that you give me whiit. fu|)
e not, and what you never can Iihvo, ami
t yon can give me." What did she 06,1
furl A husband. j
You have stolen my son!, divine fi^e
churned Mr. Sickly to his ^dored. ^ro
Jon tee, nay dear sir" responded the wej
[ am not ia the habit of picking up rioi
ngs* iocl
a 8 B tl B ?
Shelter Your Stock.
Notwithstanding much that has heen
iltcn during a few years past especially
the agricultural journals, on the truo
iiieip'es of Winter protection and fecd'f
of domestic animals, there is still a
eat amount uf costly ignorance on tliis
t'joet.
Last winter we chanced upon the farm of
man who possescd a fair share of intellince
upon general matters, and wo were
t a little surprised to find him still clingthe
old opinion, that his stock wintered
tier when exposed to cold, than if warmhoused.
lie kept 110 account of the
louiit of food consumed, hut his oliservan
had taught him?and truly that his
ecp, lor instance, consumed more food in
old winter ihan in one of moderate teinralure;
and ho reasoned that if lliey ato
jie il indicated better lieallh, and a faster
owtli of flesh and wool, and of course, a
eater j?r?.lit- Following out this opinion,
kept a flot k of sheep in an open field,
posed t? bleak winds and pciting storms.
this field he had placed a number of
tall slacks of hay, to one after another of
licit th<iy had free access, and upon which
i'v made rapid inroads. Their only shel
was all'onled by the leeward side of
use hay slacks, and by the stone walls
:tt surrounded the field, together with a
ove upon the northern side that surroun?d
the field, that served to break oft' the
nd from that direction, but from entering
licit they were prevented by the intervenl
fence. lie was 'piite sure they ate bet
when thus exposed than if housed or
owed a warm Shelter around and under
u barn. 11 is other stock were treated in
-imilar manner. Instead of warm sheds
stables they fed ami slept in a cold open
...I ir.. i :? .1 . * -
.v.. o.ii.i it iiiciu in uctter
leart," anil gave tlicrn a sharper nplitc?as
to tlic latter, lie was doubtless
rrect.
But lie, like thousands of others, had
iwu his conclusions from a false theory
ii -li :i few careful experiments would have
hoc ted. ho should have considered that
i profitableness of keeping animals deads
not upon ^tlie absolute amount of
>d they consume, but upon the greater or
s product of ilesh, wool, &c., obtained
in a given amount of nutriment. Had
weighed his animals in the fail, divided
?m, keeping one part in close, warm
sils or stalls, and the other part in tho
kler situation, he would have found that
1 protected animals, wliile consuming lessul,
gained more in weight tlian the othi,
and in May or June would liavc been
superior health and heart. In the case
erred to, it was found necesary to give
i sheep a dose of tar, by applying it on
iir nuses in the spring, to operate as.ii
lie and to counteract the " running at the
so," produced by colds, which sheepitch"
as well as men.
There is ft principle or two invc.ved in
ding and nutrition, which, if v.ell under>od
by all who have the care of animals,
mill render their labor doubly profitablee
food consumed by animals serves a
uble or treble purpose. It supplies the
stc of the system produced by the natuiwcar
of the various organs, and keips
respiration and the resulting heat.?
hat is left after those ends are served, goes
increase tlie llesh or weight.
'i'lie wr<ir depends upon the amount 06
irciso taken; hence tlic more quiet'ani1"
lis are kept after allowing just enough
rcise to preserve the organs in a healthy
te, the less will he the nmouut of food,
juirecl to supply the waste.
The heat of tlie botly results from the'
isumption of carbonaceous food, espelly
the oily and starchy portions. Tho
ion of the carbon in a tallow candle or
lamp with the surrounding air, proving
the licat and the flame, has an excounterparl
in the lungs and blood o?"
Ofiimnl -* *
...... nutio mu mr drawn 111 atpiration
unites with the oily or fatly
tter in the blood, and gives heat to the.
tern.
Jn n warm day not much heat is r?~
ved from the surface of the l-ody, nnd?
animal brenthes les? rapidly nnd fully,.
1 less fat is consumed to supply the washent.
If the same amount of oily
d is consumed nnd digested as on ?
J day, there will he a larger surplus tostored
away as fat. As a matter of"
irse, the colder the weather the less surs
fat, or profit, will be obtained from the'
d.
\nother point usually overlooked is this t
the coarser substance?such as hay andi
iw?consumed bv nnimnla Km*
-J ?1 """
mall proportion of oily or carbonaneorw
Iter v anil, to gel at thin, it is necessary
digest a prodigious quantity of foodis
overtaxes the digestive organs, and rets
in more or less debility.
We have here an explanation why ?
filler quantity of meal, which supplies
and starch, (both of which are rich in
bon, the chief heat-producing Telement.V
i keep an animal in so uintU belter
lib;
riie prffrtylos aboTe indicated, which ar?
y established by botb scientific theory^
I oft-repeated experiment, lend to th?
Lain conclusion that, for all kind* of an*
?h?, whether kept as stock, or for - fatten*
, it is moat profitable ia furnish warm
Iter. We repeat: a flock of sheep, Of ?
ve of cattle^ will, wlthowt doubt, eat,
ch less food; and gain mtrch more ii*
glit, if k^pt nearly M ??mm*r-fceat*l fcr
5 # ?rio?fW*bap ff left ?***?&&#*
emevfcwftUter/* <?>., . ^ Wr'*><