? --vsr*-? -- -Action
of Congress in Relation to Currency
l-r and Coinage.
The New Yor llxpref* thus sums' up
what was done by Congress at its : lute i
fe&sion, in relation to the currency ami
coinage, as embraced.in different bills
1st. The relative standard of value between
gold and silver has been altered at
tliA r.atrt nf fiOl IflH *%a*? ?nnf !? *4* i
t * possible, to keep the American coin in the
country. There is to be nn entire new coinage
of half dollars, quarters, dimes and
half dimes, of less weight than the present
coin The present half dollar becomes
worth nearly 54 cents, in comparison with
the coin that U to be.
2d. A new three dollar gold piece is ordered
to bo struck.
r 3d. The present three cent pieces arc to
c.^ _ be freed in a good degrees from the copper
alloy that now disfiguers them after being
'"v v -v.. little in use. These three cent pieces now
'ys&* o hare 750,000 in silver, and are worth only i
- .. . 2 1-2 cents really ; hut-the new three cent
pieces will have 900,000 silver, and be of
lighter weight, to correspond with the re-.
^ duction in the weight of tho half dollar.
The present, three cent piecesv will, jiot <bo
worth so much M wri-n/^tltr^TTCh"
ik. .I*!:!;!. i i.iin ".-i;- .i .. ?
io i*;o~trcin;iiiu iursuiaii com 111:11, 11 is supposed
tli.it the deterioration will not be noticed.
(Congress ought to have provided
Vor the redemption ot' these old' three -cent
piecos at the Mint, when it ordered to be
btruck the bettor and purer coin.)
4 th. Some important changes have been
made in the Mint, and in the establishment
of Assay Ofliees. The California Mint is
to be put in operation at an early period.
(A new Assay Ofike was refused there.)?
In New York has been established an as
say, parting and refining office, with very !
important privileges, that relieve New
Yorkers from sending gold bullion to Phil
nddlphia at the private expense, and that
imposes that cost upon the Government.
The provisions of the Assay Office in
New York are almost better than a Mint,
for they return coin for bullion deposited
there, as well as cast bars and ingots, and
they make Mint certificates receivable for
Government dues within 00 days.
6th. There is to be a charge of a seigniorage,
but at the actual cost in New York is
to go to support the assay office here.?
Probably it will not l?e as much as it now
costs to transfer bullion of gold dust to and
from Philadelphia.
Gth. Here is a very important and significant
provision in tlie civil and diplomatic
bill, which may escape attention unless direct.
reference is made to it:
"Sec. 5. And he it further enacted, That
when private establishments shall In; made
to refine the gold bullion, the Secretary of
tlie 1'rcasury, it lie shall deem them capa- t
hie of executing such work, is hereby an- <
thorized and required to limit the amount
thereof which shall lie refined in the mint 5
at Philadelphia, from quarter to quarter,
and to reduce the same progressively as '
Mich establish incuts shall he extended or >
multiplied, so as event ually, and as soon as
may he, to exclude refining from the. mint, t
and to require that every deposit of gold ?
bullion made therein for coinage shall he '
adapted to said purpose, without need of i
refining: Provided, That no advance in coin s
shall he made upon bullion after (his regu- f
lation shall I?e carried into effect except up- 1
on bullion refine.l, as he:eiiv.prescrihed." t
Ti.eobject of this section is to create pri- < '
vate .assaying, refining, and parting oltices
in New York and San Francisco, and, as in ?
England, to separate that business from tlie i
Mints.- The "Proviso" cut off the large
bullion fund, which has been run np to t
nearly seven millions of dollars, in order to s
keep the Philadelphia Mint efficient, and so
puts the private establishments nearly on a
par with the public establishments. !
There are other important regulations in *
the various currency and coinage Acts Con- '
gress has been passing, but these arc the (
principal ones. Congress thus has passed a
confused mass of laws which will soon need 1
"amending and makiug agreeable one with *
another; yet upon the whole the people (
liavo been large gainers by the measures ad- *
opted.
A Section in the Deficiency bill also provides
for the seigniorage to be allowed, and
lor procuring dies, moulds, models, etc. for
the new coins authorized.
England and Amhhica.?"Ion," of the
Baltimore Sun, says in his last letter:
"The speech of Mr. Mason to-day was
chiefly confined to a renlv to MY ninvtAn
I ? ?J ?' h
upon the single point heretofore marie by t
Mr. Mason, that the balize is within theju- 1
risdiction of Guatemala. If .so, British ^
Honduras is in Central America, over which r
Great Britain has by her treaty abandoned i
any j?risdiction. Besides, the extension of r
v,' her pretension from that of a transient and t
limited to a permanent jurisdiction, .is of 1
a recent date ; and is an aggression upon
the rights of Central America,, and incon- ^
sistcnt with the Monroe doctrine and our 1
future peace and safety.
"The possession of the Bay Islands c
Js also another act of onen nmwK-tnn o../i s
i -- eo' "**"'V"J MMU g
\ve have just received advice-of afresh aggression
m the same quarter. Mr. Masun |
closed his speech with a solemn declaration
that England has gone as far as she could
ho allowed to go in her aggressions, upon ^
Centra^ America, and that- this continent,
and the whole continent, must be made free *
from British aggression. lie alluded to
an'$ accepted the alternative of* war in prc c
ference to any policy .that would jeopard-.1
,n ize.national safety and national honor.:l;- ' "
- ,'i "Thus .we are drawing nearer to an issuer
. deprecated by some, but desired by. many ?
_ 'between young America and old England, J
' * "Mr. Douglas' late speech also represents
ai? " - ?
c. me policy ot "Young America," and
- calls for.iinmcdiate action, and it is consid- a
ered.iis a fair reflection of the sentiments c
of tho jpaugural. - , '
'Thif^ritish-Government as-we learn i
from late proceeding^ iji^theNew Foudland 3
, legislature, are soiemnly.pledged tq ejjforce t
their extreme consln$ti6n?$|?Ui6 .|^iiven- t
m tion of 1818, iiv roga?!. to^ybeifislierie?,^ 1
* and tte.k^w also that tl^iwfll'not #ban- .J
. don their pccupapcy of the Bay Islands.. 1
withirt -a. y ?r.j ,t
/ >and, pear?aps,'a state of things may aril*, 1
^Sfa^will acmand An extra session of Con- 1
H' ;; ".v.*.-. ^ \
?: f X t J"; '* . C
- WW " *
Incidents of the Inauguration.
We take" the "following"paragraphs from
the detailed accounts-of the inauguration
in the New York Herald of Saturday :
Gen. Pierce delivered his inaugural address,
after taking off his overcoat, amid
immense cheering, just exactly as if'.he
were delivering an extempore speech. He
had no paper or notes, but delivered the ad<
dress beautifully and gracefully, without a
blemish to the end. It will bo remembered
that President Taylor, Polk and others,
read their addresses from tho manuscript
When he came to that part of his address
wlllVh A m?M
" "*? I""""."..
can citizens abroad, lie turned face tc
face with Mr. Fillmore and the diplomatic
corps, and laid down the law with ill rilling
emphasis, and when he again turned to the
mass of the people in front occupying1 the
vast square, below, they shouted with delight,
and every in,-In of the fifty thousand
in the streets declared that Pierce is the
man for the times.
..i it! - - i ... i .1..;
j. a-mui-iii j icrce is <i ijr.-icenu iuiu bulking
speaker, and his voice although not
equal to reach to the extent of tho enormous
multitude that surrounded him, was
xjlea^and distinct, and his style of delivery
waS excellent. He has appeared rcmakably
elastic cool and self possessed for the
last few days, but especially to day. lie
rose at daylight and has been busy the
entire day, and he evidently feels that he
has the game in hand and intends to hold
it.
Mr. Fiinuoie's cabinet made the best of
their time to the hist moment. For weeks
past they have been filling their olliecs
Mini uogus uemocrats appointed at the solicitation
of whigs who resigned. Even as
late as yesterday a postmaster in the State
of New York was appointed in this way.
The whole matter will l?e thoroughly investigated.
A Company of fantastical*, dressed in
rags and tatters, marched along the avenue
whilst the procession was passing, who received
some rough usage.
The pageant is over and the multitude is
dispersing. This is a revolution of the
government in carnival.
Large masses followed the President to
the "White House, and waited upon him in
the usual reception room.
Mr. Fillmore took immediate possession
of the apartments at WillardV, just vacated
l?y (Jeiieral Pierce, intending to occupy
them for :? few days prior to the commencement
of his Southern tour.
Snow conlinucil falling slightly during
llic day, melting ;:k it, fell, and not particularly
interfering with the inaugural ceremonies.
This evening several halls and other en
tertainmcnts are given to the military and
;>ther guests.
The hotels and boarding houses, though
somewhat relievd, are still thronged.
It is reported that after the inaugural
'?en. Scott thanked the President for his renarks
on West I'oint and the army.
\ Ai>r Ii!ii*in?? w....i!..a.I .. l.~-? 1 *
,?,.s iv.irMru ?i mini U1 ill
lie White House, (J en era I Pierce retired,
md the doors closed. Ex-Pivsident Fillnore
took up his quarters at three o'clock
11 the rooms at Willard's, vacated l>y his
iuccessor two hours previously. A few
Wends dined with General Pierce at the
kVhite House, hut Mr. Kilmore, consulting
he Geneml's repose declined. They will
line together perhaps to-morrow.
The White House is closed to-night to
ill visitors. Its new occupant has made a
nighty sensation to-day.
At eight o'clock the st*n continued, and
he army of incursion was leaving by thouands.
Vive la licpublic.
"Washington Citv.?Among the, approbations
for public buildings in Washing011,
made by the appropriation bills recenty
enacted by Congress, arc $1,000,000
a million) for the extension of the Capitol;
'$200:000 Inwiinla tl?n Ai-A/.tinn < ?<" <!>? - ?*
ving of the Patent Office; and $35,800
or repairing the President's house and in:rcasing
the President's library. For reuruishiug
President's house, $25,000 was
ippropriated. For bringing water into the
ity, ?100,000; for repairing the Long
bridges over the Potomac, $30,000 ; for
laying Pennsylvania avanue from the Presdent's
Square to Rock Creek, $14,700 ;
or the equestrian statue of Jackson, $20,)00.
A scperate Act appropriates $50,000
or an equestrian statue of Washington.
In addition to these special appropnaions
are the regular expenditures for Congress,
Judges of the Supreme Court, Heads
)f Executive Departments, Navy Yard,
Yrsenal, Observatory, Coast Survey, Penientiary,Vfec.
and the saleries of 735 clerks,
*931,600, amounting in the aggregate to
it least three millions of dollars annually.
Vdd to this the moneys expended by the
nanny thousands of visiters, and we have
ne explanation of the rapid growth of the
'"edcral city.
One Hukdked Miles i-er Hour.?"A
Jaine Yankee" announces, through the naional
Intelligencer, the invention of a form
if road and improved locomotive, which, he
ays, will safely transport the mails and pascngers
at the rate of one hundred miles
tcr hour ! The writer further says lie has
teen made acquainted with the details of
liese improvements, ''which are so palpably
orrect in theory, and feasible in practice,'
hat every civil engineer and rail road man*
vill, on examination, at once recognize and"
idmit, as the desideratum, even to the extent
>f safety and .speed above indicated." Tbfc
text Congress, it is said, is to be invited to
ecure its adoption,.and givo to- the worldhe
result of the flVbt experiment. The conduction
of a post-Vail road between Washvr?i
... ? .1. .
tigum. UIUI xitJW iorK, y>0 111II)K, Will be
iaatened-by this.invention.
Pii0PK880R A NnKitsox, u lio has been for
bmo .J,im?past performing to large audien xm
in Richmond, has, been, oxpoajngthe
'Spiritual Rapping" humbug. During his
emarhs lie stated tliat^its originators were
roung ladies who^liadf/iftade $76,000 by
hoir operations." , .Ho also stated that "staistical^accounts
frofrF^the various lunatic
L&ylums througliout'thc Union report 673
ujiatics as .victims of this djstructivo delujfon?^while?
l7 persons have committed
iuicjdo under,thoinfluence of a monomaniac,
felicf in tlie^sw^lffll powers of these jug;ling
preteiideT^communicatofs with the
inniMerial world.*' ,
' . + *
jvr; . V.,; r
.'JC-Tmaain?Hg?aB?bm??CTCca
~ ABBEVILLE BANNER.
BY CHARLES H. ALLEN.
TERMS.
I F?r Subscription one year, in advance, 00
, " " pi* months, ? 1 00
(L7* Advertisements will be comtpicuouFly in'
certed upon accommodating terms,
i Announcing candidates, payable in advance, $3ABU
e V il L E, S. C.T
, o*
i Thursday Morning, March 24. 1853.
t OUT Wo ha\ve received several communications,
which wo must defer until out ne*t issue, in coii
sequence of u press of business.
O* We would cull tho attention of our mechanic |
friends (o the advertisement found in another column,
proposing to receive bida for the bitilditlg of
! a new Academy at this place.
O" We arc requested to 6ay, that an Exhilti
lion of the Senior CIush, in Erakine College, will I
take place on the 31st inst. W? undciFtand the j
class comprises much talent, and some interesting '
t-pcechcs may be expectcd upon that occasion
(O" Wo are indebted to Mr. II. II. Wardhw
for a box of very nicc Segara. This gentleman
ons jum rrucivt'u a 101 01 me "care dispelling wen]"' |
of choice brands, to which wc would call the nl- j
tcntion of those fond of smoking.
Court.
Our Spiing Court commcr.ccd its session on
I Monday last, his Ilonoi Jnd^e WmiF.ns presiding
j with his usual ability and courtesy. His llouor
seems (o be a working man, und is nicking a vigorous
I'llbrt to clear the d iile rent dockets, which
front recent and unfinished business, is somewhat
formidable. Tilt* cases that have mid still are oxciting
most interest, in one of bigamy, another of
larceny, and several of assaults mid battery, &c.
Wc cbserve in attendance upon the Court, besides
Solicitor I!kk?, oovcrul gentlemen of the bar
from the adjoining districts.
Another Attempt at Fire.
An attempt was made to fire the large Cotlon
Gin Factory of Messrs. Knrigiit & StaiI, at this
place, on Tuesday night lust. The fire was communicated
through a window to a pile of shaving*)
and, had it not been discovered iu time, 110 effort
could have saved the building. It occurred about
three o'clock in the morning, and was discovered
by some persons who happened to be passing by,
and the alarm was given. A Planeiiig Machine,
which stood near the window, was much scorched
1 and injured, and is the only injury sustained.?
j There is no doubt at all that the work is that of un
1 incendiary, us 110 fire had been in the building duI
ring the day, and the doors wore carefully closed
| at night.
The Weather.
We still have rain in the groatrst abundance,
which is retarding farming operations throughout
the country. The Spring so far, is certainly llie
most inclement and inauspicious wc huve had for
years, and induces the belief upon the part of many,
that we shall have another exceeding dry Summer.
It is said by those who are in the habit of j
; onserviug these things, tlint an average amount of
rain falls out every year, and consequently if the
fall of rain during the winter and Spring months
is more than an average, it will be less in the Rummer,
and uf course dry and unfavorahlo for crops.
Hence the spying among the old people, "long
foul, long fair." In view of such a contingency
then, would it not be wisdom on the part of our
farmers to use every precaution to guard against
such a calamity ? It is true an Overruling Providence
ran thwart the best laid plans of short sighted
mortals, yol a certain degree of prudence and
observance of natural causes and principles, can
not be legnrded as warring against heaven.?
Storms, drouths and pestilence, are. ministers of
mercy sent upon man to humble his self-dependence
and pride, and teach him to rely more implicitly
upon Him in whose hands are the destiliieB
of all, and who liulds and withholds the genial
sunshine and showers.
To our fanners then wo would Fay, plant every
foot of your low lands in com, ami plant it deep,
for experience teaches every practical planter
that corn thus planted is belter able to stand a
' drouth from tho fact that its roots intbibc a sufficient
of moisture to nourish the stalk and produce
a pretty fair yield. Plant largely, more than you
aro iu the habit of doing, and in case the seasons
fail, perhaps enough may be gathered to supplyall
demuiids. And upon the other hand, should
propitious seasons crown your labors with abuudaut
harvests, it will be only what is needed to restore
to the country its former prosperity and plenty.
There is no danger of too much grain being
produced, for if the market should be glutted, the
surplus can be well uppropriutcd lo the raising and
fateningof Block, the scarcity of which is producing
the present high prices.
A failure of- the corn crop this year would be attended
with the most serious consequences to our
people, for the crop of last year though a large
one, is rapidly being consumed, and befoin the
first of October next, there will be comparatively
110 old com in the couutry.
ID" We observe by the last Edgefield Advertiser,
thut Co). J. P. Carroll has been nominated
for the Senate,' and will probably have no opposition.
1
tO* We learn (rom the telegraphic despatches to
the Columbia papers, that the Hon. W. F. Colcock
has becn^-appointed collector of the port of
Charleston, and Tuos. Evans, Esq. of Marion, U
S. District Attorney. These ore the only appointments
by the President we believe, so for for this
State. ' - 1
> . <? '* . .,*?
Treaty Ratified. , .
'The Senatelias ratified the treaiv negotiated by
Messrs. Everett and Craupton, for the #peedy
iiiuemmncaiion Qt American claims against-.the
English government, and English claims against
tho American government, particularly claims arising
out of false, seizures under the slave trade
treaty and under custoq^ house regulations, V*
" i (CT The \VnJhiagi9n corespondent of the New ,
York Herald, under data of the 15th, writPSjj^A- J
protruded meeting-of tho cabinet was held.Jhutr 3
morning, which resulted in* directing the Secretv
ry of ?taU to deman^m explanation from the gov?,
cnirrisntof Great .Britain, oil the subject of thffj $
WcebUlntislligtiffe fronf Honidaras, and the Eog-H
lish iitt.ervfiltion'lu^fehalfDf the typsquittf'igojN [
The SenretB'r^bf^fte'Ni&y wan iifttructfd \
"port forthwitli to'the Executive the effective force j
ttt hifr Uirpo^i] for Retire operations.^
* - V
"*** "
** * , '*
5 . * *
1 111 iiB?iinrrwnrr^wrw?MrnrTrTr~~J'??
Tho Rail Road. V
Wo aro gratified to learn that tlio Broad River
Ilridgo is now in such a state of completion an to
enable the oar? to pa*8 over it daily. This great
impediment to the speedy progress of the Road
boing overcome, we trust tho work up the country
will now he pushed on, and tliut wo shall huve
the cars running to our Village at an early day.
Wo observe in the last number of the Gieen
ville Mountaineer that our friend, Maj. Townks,
is disposed to grumhlo because his neighbors below
insist upon tho completion of tlie branches before
the work is finished on tlic trunk. We think our
friends in Greenville should be tho last to complain
on thin score, for they will remember that after the
company was organized and Anderson fixed upou
us the terminus, the Greenville portion of the Road
was admitted to come in as a special act of fuvor.
Tho question then would naturally arise, is that
| portion of the Road itself u branch or part of the
! trunk? We think the question will at least admit
of debate.
j With regard to the completion of the branches,
and especially ours, aside from Hellish considerations,
we think their completion will materially increase
tho business and travel on the main line,
and if fini'hed to Abbeville anil Anderson would
benefit the company moro than by carrying it forward
the same distance on the trunk. There is
nn *<....1.1 ?:...? ?:?
... i,...i uiu > iiiuj;?, us imio n? in saul and
thought uf it, will bo the most important point on
the Road, und will cnniributo more i*j freight and
travel than Andersen or Greenville, because the
line of Flugcx connecting Ihe Georgia roads with
oursat this place, will inakc it u thoroughfare for
Western tiavclij^s Northward bound and further,
we arc satisfied that from fifteen to twenty thousand
hales of cotton will find their way oil* upon
the Road from here every year. It was the opinion
of the late Col. Brown (hat Abbeville, from her
wealth and position, would contribute us much, if
not innrc, to the business of the company, than any
other portion of the Road.
tt.j" Gov. Footr, of Mississippi, hus issued a
proclamation fur the election of live members of
Congress in November next, from the State ut
large, the Legislature having neglected to district
the Slate
Central American Affairs.
A despatch from Washington to the New York
Courier savs:
" The Hon. Wm. T?. Makcv, Secretary of State,
wus closely engaged during the whole of yesterday
on the attaint of Central America. It is understrinil
that a minister is to be immediately appointed
to thai nnnr'nr tvlili *"
high American policy. The report of recent highhanded
proceedings of the British Government at
Iloiidur.is has produced a deep sensation ;vt Wash
ingtou." ^ ^ \7 j
Blue Ridge Rail Road.
Wc arc pleased to announce to oor raiders, Bays
the Charleston Evening News of the 10th instant,
thut the Council this day subscribed ?500,000 to
the nine Ridge Rail Road Company, thereby securing
the charter granted by the Statu for this
great and important enterprise. The News thinks
that a similar subscription will be absolutely necessary
to the Road through Georgia, to secure
the enterprise, ami suggests the propriety of the
question being submitted to a public meeting of the
citizens of Charleston.
fl;/" Recent dates from Mexico furnish us with
the intelligence of Santa Anna's return to that distracted
country. It is also stated that there is little
doubt bulhe will he ro-cloclad and ounce more
lissome tin* reigns of govcriiiiienl. Wliat nil eventful
life ho lias led and how chequered the scenes
through which lie hat; pasted!
O" The Newberry Sentinel'of last week isexultinjj
over the completion of the new Court
Mouse at that place which lias been on hand for
tho last two years. The new Court IIouso to be
erected here w " be a similar plun to tho one at
Newberry.
Foreign News.
The intelligence from Europe by tho steatnor
Canada, received in Baltimore on the 19ih inst.,
represents u decline in the cotton market, and yet
we learn from the latest dates from Ilamhiin? and
Augiibtu, thut the market had advanced in these !
places, and was rating from 10 to 10 1-2.
G heat Britain.?Lord Palnierston stated
in Parliament that no application had been
made to the Government for the expulsion
of foreign refuges from England, and that
had it boon made, it would have met with a
decided refusal. During the debate on Turkish
affairs, Lord John Russell said that the
government had thought it necessary to have
a frank explanation with Austria, and at
the same time expressed the views of England
as to maintaining an independent position.
Turkey, he said, doubtless had her
difficulties amicably adjusted.
Advices from Melbourne, dated the 26th
of December, state that the receipts of gold
were decreasing.
Despatches received in London from the
Cape of Good Hope announce, under date
of the 24th of January, that the battle hfld
taken place between the Kaffirs and the
British, in which five hundred of the former
and forty of the latter had been killed.
France.?The pope's arrival in Paris was
daily expected. An uusucessful attempt had
been made to set fire to the arsenal at
Toulon.
Austria.?The* Emperor of Austria lifts
not recovered from his woiind Which is much
more serious tlwin wns at first'supposed.
The would be assassin had been executed.
Tlie'windows of the British Ambassador at
Vienna had been broken by a mob. The
Viennese refuse to associate with the English
because they shelter Kossuth.,/
Northern Italy.?Mazatu publishes, a
card in which lie takes upon, lijmself the.repponaibility
of having originated tho receifit
revolutionary' movements..
Later from "Honduras.?Baltimore,
March 10.?Ad vices Jiay.e been ^received at
li^iiuii iiuiu xruMliu, oilieu VDB Z /ttl Ult.,
which .state tfiat. th^r British War steamer
Devastation J|$d arrived there on the 18th
ult., and demanded the removal of, certain
troops at Seni^'uTtlie Honduras Territory,
bit unfor
his
' ?Ak ? *
From California.
The San Francisco Herald of the lOtli
February furnishes tho following summary
of events in California for the precceding
fortnight:
The news from the interior has been o!
unusual interest. The Indians on Dry
Creek have kept the neighborhood in a
high state of excitement and alarm on acj
count of their bold robberies and evident
t linstilitv. I Sol- I
j - 1'iaojv llil? uecur
rod between them and parties of the whites
sent out to chastise them. In these encounters
the Indians behaved with great courage
; several of the whites were killed, and
on one occasion were compelled to retreat,
leaving the enemy masters of the field.?
Reports from the San Joaquin Valley arc
to the effect that Fort Miller has been attacked,
and that several persons are missing
in that vicinity. The Indians think
that the Government of the United
States has not acted in good faith with them
in failing to carry out the stipulations o!
the treaty, and they complain that the
Americans have cut oft' their supplies, and
reduced them to a state bordering on actual
starvation.
Many murders have been committed
thoughout the mining regions, and daily accounts
are received of outrago and robbery,
There has been great excitement in Calaveras
county, and a general expulsion of the
Moxii-uiis. A htitwl \f<.? - 1?
have infested the neighborhood, coinmiting
all manner of enormities. The robber Jonqiiin
is at the head of these desperadoes,
and lias become tho terror of the country
far around. The miners have assembled in
i force and eonmnmeorl a systematic search.
I Joa<|uin has eluded all attempts to capture
j him ; several of his gang have been taken
j and hung. The entire Mexican population
| has been driven from San Andreas and the
! Forks of the Calaveras. Mass meetings
j have been held and resolutions passed ap
; proving of the work of extermination.?
The utmost consternation prevails among
all foreigners.
The weather thoughout the mines had
been generally delightful, and the miners
are mostly doing well. The small-pox has
been prevalent in some parts of the State.
Very extensive canaling operations arc
going on, for the purpose of supplying the
gold regions with water. There is every
reason to suppose that the approaching
season will enable the miners to make
amends for their late inactivity.
Measures are being taken to construct a
plank road from Marysville to the Nevada,
and improvements of every description arc
being effected.
Some beautiful specimens of rubies and
emeralds have been found in the interior,
and also a maormfirnnf dininniwl rtf <5..^
wnutcr.
The murderers of the late lamented Lieut
Col. Craig were executed at San Diego on
the 31st January. The celebrated Yuba
Warrior Pasqual was present.
The Governor's recommendation of an
extension of the city front has met with the
entire condemnation of the municipal government
and of the citizens at large. A
committee has been appointed by the legislature
to investigate the matter, and evidence
w now L-eilig gathered upon the subject.
^A Frenchman named Leriiantout- has np4
pfied to the Land Commissioners to be con
..hi.n.i in ma viaiiu 01 an immense trart oi
laiitl, coin prising within its limits a goodly
portion of the city of San Francisco.
, ?
Dunixo our Court of Sessions last week
an individual was tried for the crime of
Digamy, and acquitted. In the charge ot
his honor, Judge Frost, to the Jury, lie remarked
that there was no law in the Slate
of South Carolina prescribing a marriage
ceremonial. That if a citizen wished to buy
or sell a piece of land, the law prescribed
the form of the deed or title; that if he wished
to buy or sell a negro, there was a legal
form for the bill of sale; that if he wished to
secure the payment of money to himself or
to another at a future time, there was a legal
Jorin or the bond or note; but for the bonds
| of the most solemn and binding obligations
| into which man or woman could enter, there
was no legally prescribed form.
I At : in. i
<>V V.IIV J'tiiuu iiiumugu W1I3 IK-lll 10 uc a
i religious sacrament and could only be solemnized
by the clergy: consequently. Magistrates
were prohibited from performing the
ceremony. At a latter period the law prohibiting
magistrateaJVoin officiating at marriage
contracts was repealed; 4,THis wo believe
is the extent of legislating by this State
upon the subject. Hence the mode of the
ceremony and the character of the officiating
functionary are lcfcfo the choice of the parties
entering into tlie contract. If the couple
who desire to enter.into the holy state
of wedlock cllOOSfl to o3li-in n
a magistrate before whom ,?o"-uiiike;jitUeir
vows of love and fidelity, it "Ms . well; but if
they prefer to make.flfeir vows to each-otfir
erand assume the relations of husband and'
wife, acknowledge each other as such before
the world, it is also weft. By the latter mode
they onter into as indissoluble a bond as by
the former. If Mr. A." \*ind miss B. jump
over a broom, the formor saying I.take this
woman to be my weeded wife and tge latter,
I take this man to be 'jny wed^cd husband
and go to hous^kggping .they are legally'married,
have cntejjed into KjDond"bf
uniou which cannot be. aprthlf^tl, so long as
they both live. This jndiffqrencfe to the fi?rro
of a ceremonial, bij)dingRth ?parties totn?
end of life, may to tlio;(yisnftL obaerver seem
strange, but to those who;are*fai$iliaiv with
the-workinc of our Rval/?m'rin?mf<Vi i fruilSn**
in experienced. Libert/ of.conscience ip a
right too Sacred to be abridged by le^al
prescription,-even pa^to the modepf ienjtering
into tbi^'lioly coinpact. vAnd' tfm i^.frnple
rewflj&r tbq apparent'apathy of otn-Jegi^
latore^pon this subjectr^Cb^raw.Ouzette
? ?: j?
? ?ThE Arts.?-A Wa?hirigfalfte?tor sayf: Clark
Miliji,the artist, is the recifrteht of seventy
%and dollars.from Ihe te^wtnliou of last Congress?
twenty thousand dollars,Sot tho Jackson statue,
aud fifty thousand, ;<tttan for the Washington
EglmUMdi sta'.nc, which, will be forthwith l^egun.
*The Jackson statuo is tip beautiful as itjs wonderfol,
as * worlt ?f art,ajid U am^ti^pie tosee it
poised, as itis uDofi tfishiqd feet aYoh#. Th^ stafc
ue of 1$h the <3reaf, the great work bfJtf. kind,
in Europe, I havc seea at St. PetersenigjQmt the
fhir ana. Untutored A'inerican i}*owaiejB"tHis
work, and "every other r"^pe/i SH y.i n ,J l?^"'art/ef.:
balancing* ~" Jfc. a. '
- s-r.-'t.
s y " " v *.
# si--.
+
Tol^ -ply the Fotatoe Crop.
The Gardener's Chronicle any* the potato
may te multiplied a hundred told. Any
; plantation plausible way of increasing the
amount of this valuable esculent is deserving
f attention. There is no department of agriculture,
in fact no department of any !irt or
i science more nearly allied to health and hnp
pin ess than the proper cultivation of roots
- fruits as human food. We quote as
follows:
' It appears not to be generally known that
the potato plant may be propagated more J
abundantly.and with greater ease tlinii most
other plants, 'llie shoot produce roots nat
mi 1 i.i i. . i .i i i .
, uvuivijr juilll UCIOW 11)0 grOWMI, WHCI1
planted in the usual way. To plant for
! propagation a small piece of ground will bo
sufficient, as the tubers may bo placed closo
together. "When shoots havcgrown an inch
or two above the surface of the earth, tho
i top mny be cut off below the first jointed
i root, and planted two or three inches a part
f iii line sandy earth; in the course of a';weelc
! or ten days tbov will be rooted plants, 8"d
planted at the distance that potatoes ard guii
orally planted will produce a crop of
in eight, ten or twelve weeks (according to
the kind,) equal to that produced from tubers,
and when propagated in this manner,
, plants may bo obtained in great quantities.
A more simple way will be to place tho
i tubers in a similar manner as before stated,
; and when tho shoots have grown to the
length of two or three inches above the soil,
to take up the tubers and strip of the shoots
from them; there will be six or moro .beautiful
shouted plants, just in order for final
planting, replaeo the tubers as before, which
may be repeated atlpast four timj?, au^
this will produce sufficient plants fr<0njyur /
or five tubers, of a moderate size, t< ?r.t a
rod of ground at a distance that tuwrs aro
usually planted. Lateral like cuttings of
other plants, and afterwards transpl?nted,
will also produce a crop of tHbers equal m.~ f
quantity to that produced a crop of tubers
equal iu quantity to (hat produced by the
parent plant:
A treaty has been concluded at "Washing|
Ion between the United States and Belgium
I for regulating th'e-Tjajit of inheriting and
! acquiring property. \TTie treaty prorides
j that Helgiuiii subj^cls/sliall enjoy Uirough!
out the Unitt-d States the right of acquiring
j the transmittlng'propeity, with or without
a will on the same conditions as citizens of
the United-Stated. Iu like manner citizens
of the United States shall enjoy in Belgium /
the right of acquiring, and transmitting pro- t
! pcrity, with or without a mill, on the same
conditions as Belgium subjects.
?.
A man, whose name is Samuel Cole, residing
in Washington county, Ohio, who
was made insane" from., the workings of the
spirit rappings delusion, became possessed
of the idea that lie must ofler, likeAbrahnin
I of old, a sacrfice to the Supreme Kuler of
the Universe, lie accordingly proceeded
to carry his object into execution, by taking
off one of his feet, which heslicccdetl in doing
some days since, in a. very scientificmanner,
and with a heroic determination
that would compare with theTcJfcsarrifieing
deeds done in the earlier ages. Hi* family,
fearing that some other of bisliuibs might
be demanded in a like cause, had him conveyed
to the Lunatic Asjliro, at Colli**
bus. t 1 ^
S.vow a hyjiduf.d fhttt-iTKKP.?"Tlie St. J
Louis Intelligencer publishes a letter from
an overland emigrant to California, ubich
gives a fearful account of a tremendous t
' snowstorm in the -mountains near Capon
Valley. On what is called the Second Summit,
the writer says, he caught hold of tli4
tops of pine trees, and was confident thi<f
thev were one hundred feet ibjbcight. This
is ah item that should haVft a bearing upor
the question of a**railroad to the I'aci*
through the South Pass. Rails buric'
the snow a hundred feet deep, would
little chnncc^ofrcmovul oy any "
invented.' . )
Increase op Ivh/wty.?Ti
tendent of the Lurfatftj&tylum a'
that insantiy is fearfully on the ..
this Suite. We learri that from 'Mt.i
til Friday lasj (five days) seventeen
tients were admitted in^o this instil
the greatest number, ever before r
in so brief n space* af 'tinjfe. Thei
doubt but that this Jincre^e is own
great measure, to the unhealthy sfat
citement caused by?th$) "spiritual
of the day. This mental disturb
es people of all? classes, for in '
there are to be fou^ ^.hosf '
beings in whom ^h^afer?v
over aud-tyrannJcilSr: ^
peraments, andjenoers tbeinau..
the'|?eculiar^<vid fasein^injir^uences of. f
eiuch marvelloUa.^mpnstratiotif l a8l it is nl- rr
and people more^liighly charged with electro-magnetism
than comdfoj^i&v- ??Albany
Register, '
'?T-*?* .? *
An exchange hqg.the following *t-THirty
varieties of cotton ha've been found ^fwing
spontaneously. in , Africa. A draw?onary
says ho has stood erect un$ef$the branches
of ,a .cotton tree in a Gotilah *vil1nnr<? an
heavjly laden with bolls;that it is propped
up with jprk^d ^ticks to prevent it from
bxeaking ^own tynder its own weight^The
cotton was eqya) to thatvof any country.?
, The nat^cs manyfactiire cotton goods extenSif
ety- The who)& land also, is covered
\Vith conod. Tii^ErraVftl and Kaffa,200 lbs.
:*<^njjppjirp|?a?etf about, a dollar. A
?nip, tre^ ipJvIoM?pa, ftgded four jtod a
halt bus^ls in h^U/at age time; -fMiich
msidp 31. Ibfl.yhejjr Rh^leaiand dried.?rThe
"celebrated. Moch^^J^^mes frOin the
southern, gfiirt
T;;f;K:at=r?
M-?, 18W?4W?
A thfeuatJolfec']i5rib,J'eh'
Mlk? (hat 'WaAiTpifbM't'of!
* >? - ' */
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