The Abbeville banner. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1847-1869, November 10, 1847, Image 1
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tupt Sl lvbtbtUt 3^,
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! " LIBERTY AND MY NATIVE SOIL." j
VOLUME IV. - - -- NIB
j ABBEVILLE C. H., S. C., NOVEMBER 10, 1847. i
I
Publislinl every Wednesday Morning by
CHARLES II. ALLEN,
EDITOR AND rUOPKIKTOK.
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INCIDENTS or TRAVEL.
i.i;TTi:ii JV.
Tin; Virginia Military Instiuite is another
object. ??f interest in Lexington. As yet,
this is in its incipient existence, having been
established only eight years. The circumstances
which led to its organization are
the following :?Fot the. protection of Western
Virginia against servile insurrections,
si State Arsenal of 30,000 stand of arms-.
*fcc., was located here ; and guarded by a
captain and 30 men, who were not onlv a
grout expense to the Slate, but also a greater
nuisance to society. At the solicitation
of ceitain influential individual?, thi.s miniature
standing army was disbanded, and
the Aiscuul transformed into a military
school, regulated agreeably to the principles
of the United Slates Academy at West
Point. There are now four Professors in
rthc Institute, and the modus operandi, in
several respects, resembles the peculiarities
of the. Virginia University,which you know
differs from all other literary institutions.
After the elementary course, Latin and
French are taught; then, perhaps, a more
extensive course in Mathematics than is
.usual in .Colleges. The cadets are partic.
ulavly disciplined in drill and camp exercises,
sine] the applica ion of Mathematics
to the various preparations for offensive and
defensive warfare. The Institute is under
a most thorough and complex system of re
gulations, and yet they are most rigid and
technically enforced. It is almost a paragon
of perfection indiscipline. Mere gratitude
compels me to acknowledge my numerous
and weighty obligations to Major
Preston and Capt. Williamson for their
kindness and trouble ip pointing out arid
explaining all the minutia of their complicated
system. Maj. Preston is a cousin to
South Carolina's distinguished adopted son.
The library is small, but contains manv in
tcresting and valuable works. The cadets
have only one Literary Society, and this
accounts, in part, for a want of full development,
in some instances, of the oratorical
organs. We should never contemn and
disrespect that silver voice and perennial
stream of transparent, pure and crjwrapturing
eloquence, of which, Cicero makes
such frequent and honorable mention. The
Institute is handsomely situated on a conir
manaing eminence, and is, or course, t!ic
Acropolis of this Athens of the Virginia
valley.
The Professors are entitled to great credit
for the ability and fidelity with \yhich
they have discharged the various and laborious
duties the board of Visitors has imposed
; but when we contemplate the tendencies
of such institutions, do we not perceive
some cause of alarm lest these may
become engines that will operate deleteriously
to the health and perpetuity of our
civil liberty. The reasonable presumntion
is, the peculiar education of these young
men will inspire them with a restless ardent
thirst for military glory ; for no man
can become an adept in the principles of his
favorite science without an incessant and
indomitable desire to reduce, these theories
to practical ekperiment,so that some reward
may accrue from his arduous and prolonged
labors. Individuals, then, may leave this
nursery of martial ambition, with their
minds thoroughly imbued with the science^
and their imagination revelling in all the
triumphs and glories of the battle Held
Now suppose this martial band to diverge
from the focus of formation, and locate in
the peaceful fruitful plains of our republic:
will not the tendency of their influence be
to infuse their spirit into those with whom
ihpv nra nssnpiiiiwl ? Wo Im'-" ~<l
j ~- w ?? v iiatu uui ui 11urwise
learned social influence. Thus the
whole community will be decidedly partial
to war the law of violence. And our nation
at petty insults, and insufficient grounds,
will he ready to take up arms against
neighboring kingdoms and sister republics;
and thus our government may be perpetually
embroiled in war?the greatest national
curse that ever betel a confederacy. And
when neighboring republics do noi incur
our martial displeasure, the sword of ambition
will be turned in upon ourselves, and
the country will be embroiled in civil discension
and internal insurrections. Victorious
generals, with their invincible myrmidans,
as our distinguished Senator so graphically
delineated last year in Congress, will
march from the Northwest, the Northeast.
and the Southwest to thn Capitol to take
possession of the sella curu/is by violence
and blood. Thug our government, instead
of being a representative republican, will
become a military despotism. The Palladium
of our civil liberties has more to fear
from the dangers of a military despotism,
than any other opposing principle. Our
tuition, by nature, is too warlike; and it is
the height of impolicy to cultivate at?d develope
an organ already too prominent.
intelligence noil virtue are the two stately
pillars on which rests the mighty superstructure
of our social compact. But these
pillars cannot be reared and improved
amidst the confusion and excitement of war.
War is the corroding canker that is ever secretly
undermining the foundation of thu
supports of our confederacy. It is an irreconcilable
enemy of intellectual improvement?a
moral gangrene that diffuses its
noxious and deleterious humors throughout
every member and organ of the political |
bod}-. Peace is the hand-maid?the nursing
mother of intelligence and virtue.
And in the world's history a single case
cannot be instanced, in which the government
has been injured by cultivating peaceful
habits But the faithful chronicler of
passing events is compelled to crowd and
blacken the historic page with specifications
of the deleterious consequences of cherishing
belligerent principles. I feel the grea,?
r_ ? : *
i=i uttuuiii in expressing my senumcnis on
this subject to you, as our own beloved Ca
roiina is now cherishing in her own bosom
two of these deadly vipers, whose ungrateful
and envenomed pangs may one day
pierce her breast, and send the mortal poison
to her core. You must not understand
me as declaring a war of extermination against
the existence of war of any hind ;
for this would be highly impolitic in the
present state of society, iljy idea is, to
transact all our national affairs feaceably if
we can ; and forcibly if we must. It is to
check and restrain, rather than strengthen
and encourage a dangerous disposition already
too formidable.
A military education does not inspire an
individual with a spirit of bravery to encounter
accumulating dangers, nor fortitude
to withstand impending perils ; but imparts
an ambition to wear in clustering profusion
thf? hlnnrl.Kiuirrhl l>mrals nf
... umuc 1ICIUIf,
then, it does not make a man marc courageous
in fighting the battles of his country,
it is not needed for the private, who fights in
the rank as a common soldier. We may
safely and composedly rely on the qntutored,
but tried yeomanry, who proved so efficient
at Bunker Hill and Brandy wine.
Then, the only plea that can be urged for a
military education, is to furnish the army |
.with competent officers. This, then, can j
be done at the shortest notice, and in the
neatest and most fnshionable style at the
TTnitfxl filatoo A nnflnmo ?
v ??V~ wiutbc nwaucinjf (il ileal 1 unit. I
And the funds disbursed for this purpose, by
individual states, would be employed more
profitably both to government tfnd citizens
if expended in improving their intellectual
I and moral condition.
Life's Pendulum.?At every swing <,|
the pendulum, a spirit goes into eternity.
The measure of our life is a hand-breadth ;
it is a tale that is told ; its rapidity is like
the swift shuttle or the flying arrow; it is
brief as the fading flower, or the transitory
rainbow, or the dazzling inetior; it is a
breath. At every swing of the pendulum
a spirit goes into eternity. Between the
rising and setting sun, forty-two thousand
souls are summoned before the Creator.
Death is very busy, night and day, at all
season*, in all <* limns. 'IVm-? .?o .....11 i
, * "O %? I II (Id
beautiful are those lines of Mrs. Memans :
Leaves have their time to fall,
And flowers to wither at th.i north wind's breath,
And stars to set?hut all,
Thou hast all seasons for thine own, oh Death !
lie is supplied with a bound U-ss variety
of darts ami arrows with which he accomplishes
his work. Could all the forms in
which death comes to man be written together.
what a long and f< arful catalogue
would it make. Think of the innumerable
number of diseases at the command of
death. And, as though these were not
sufficient, see how man is exposed to fatal
accidents on every hand, and at every moment.
It was a saying of FJavel, that
u the smallest pore in the body is a door
large enough to let in death." The leanest
gnat in the air, says the .same writer, may
/ 11 n 1-- ii nn n o r? ? /I i?l \ ,1 ~ - - ? ? - ^ '
utiu no 11 Mill x\Ul'ltl II, OI' IIIU 1 'OJ)(* Ol
Rome. A little. hair in milk tnny strangle,
one, as it did a counsellor in Rot;?:\ A little
skin of a raisen may stop one's breath,
as it did the lyric poet Anacreon. A little
ognail on a finder recently proved the avenue
of death to a physician, who was in the
vigor of life and health. Even the food we
eat to nourish us, and the air we breathe,
may introduce death into our systems.?
And though every thing else should (iiil to
harm us, we might litil beneath our own
nanus, snouiu ijioM permit a cloud to pass
over our reason. Oh, how insecure is life I
?how near is death! What has been
said of the mariner, in respect to his ship,
that "he always sails within four i. ches of
death," may be said of the soul in relation
to the body. If the ship split, then the sailor
sinks; if our earthly vessel break, the
soul is plunged forever into the shoreless oeean
ol'eterniiy. Were our senses not benumbed
anil deadened, we should read a
warning in every sear leaf, and hear an admonition
in every wind that sighs. Even
sleep would be a mighty monitor of death
? an ever present emblem of mortality.
Texas?Derivation of the Name,?
JL'he Uanianches claim to be the lineal descendants
of the. empire of Montezuma,
and the 011 y legitimate owners of the whole
Mexican country. The Chiefs say that
when Cortes landed in Mexico, he found
the country torn to pieces by internal factions
and W's enabled, by employing the
disaffected chiefs, to raise a force to seize
upon their capital. Those chiefs believed
i( they could destroy the power ofMontezuma,
they could easily despatch the Span
iard, and have the control of the country
in their own hands. But too late they ascertained
that they had introduced a harder
musicr, anu mat unconditional servitude
was all tliey had to expect. They were
required to change their ancient religion,
and thousands oi'them were sent ofTto work
in the mines from which they rarely ever
made their escape. A great proportion of
them howed their necks to the conqueror,
and became serfs and slaves to the Spaniards;
but a few, the noblest and best, preferred
exile to servitude, and set out on a
pilgrimage to the north, in hopes to find a
land where they could enjoy ihcir ancient
institutions in pence
They travelled for many weeks, nnd at
last cainc to the great river of the north?
the Rio Grande?where they encamped,
and sent out twenty chosen men to examine
the adjacent country. They crossed the
great river, and ascended one of the highest
peaks of the mountain, which overlooked
the adjacent plain. The prairie was covered
with buffalo, deer and antelopes,and they
thought they had reached the happy huntiug-ground,and
the word "Tehas! Tehasl
Tehasl" burst from eveiy tongue. It was
decided unanimously that it should be their
future home, and that the country should
go by the name apparently furnished them
by the Great Spirit.
Tehas is the Camanchee name for the
Residence of the happy spirit in the other
world, where they shall enjoy an eternal
felicity, and have a plenty of deer and buffalo
always at hand. By taking the sound
as they pronounce it, and giving it the Spa
nish orthography, it gives us the word
" Texas," whicFi is the happy hunting
ground," or the " Elysium," of the Camanches.
This is the true history of the name
as derived from Isowacuny himself
Mexican Moonlight.?" Meet mc by
moonlight alone" can be practicalized in
Mexico with beautiful effect, we should
think, judging from the following extract
I)
from an army letter which was published
not long sincc in a Southern paper:?
'Perhaps you will not. believe mo when
I tell you that 1 am writing this by moonshine?yes,
the beautiful bright moonlight
of Mexico. Heaven help those in the U.
States who think they know what moon
light is ! Thry know nothing about it.?
Moonlight in Mexico is moonlight?pure,
t - * - '*
oeautuui. magnificent, beyond description.
It is the essence of noonday rarified?
I']very object stands out in bold relief, and
so clear and pure is the atmosphere that
that the stars and the broad unclouded sin
seem within reach. I have enjoyed this
enchanting moonlight a hundred times
while silting with my mess in front o( our
tent, or sometimes we ake a prom-nade
around the camp as f the guard will
permit us ; and at othei s pass out and
wander through the be 1 streets of the
city and listen to the cu.uter of a thousand
Mexican tongues, jabbering to one another
across (lie streets. It is at such times that
we inhale the sweet odor of the now ripening
fruits that grow so plentifully in this
city?such as orange, lemon?, limes, figs,
dates, and almonds; and then that best of
all fruit, the juicy peach, grows here to its
greatest perfection. All these things comliilii'd
will r'VPr rrii-r? n enl*!!.*- t
^ . v. u sMivuri CUII11.' liaiipv
hours."
The 1?lack Hot.e in Calcutta.?The
dreadful tragedy at Calcutta, many years
ago is often referred lo bo physiologists as a
fearful illustration of the fatal effects resulting
from an impure atmosphere. The details
of the tragedy are thus given in Ifowitt's
Journal.
The most fearful instance on record of
the sacra flee of human life from confinein
nt in a limited quantity of air occurred
in the year 1750, when a hundred and fortysix
English taken in Port William at Calcutta,
by the native prince Suroj-u-Dowlah,
were imprisoned bv his orders
I J ' """ "* VIIW vv/,,i"
mon dungeon of the garrison, known as the
Black hole. This apartment was not twenty
feet square, and had two small windows
and these were partly obstructed on the outside
by the projecting veranda. It was the
very hottest season of the year, and the
nights unusually sultry even tor that season.
The wretched prisoners soon became mad
with thirst and the craving for air ; they
shrieked for water in the most furious tones,
and fought each other with manic hands,
feet, and teeth, for possession of the ground
nearest the windows. When water was
brought, they battled with each other like
demons for the first draught, and they consequently
spilled and wasted more than
was drunk. The constant crowding to the
windows, by obstructing the cnterance of
1 -.1* - I C XT n
an, uwiiujuu <111 CUitDCC OI Hie IOT tflOSP
who were furthest removed from them;
.and many thus perished whose lives might
possibly have been saved if all had been
content to remain tranquil, taking their regular
turns in the more airy portions of the
apartment. Many more perished from the
violence of the conflict in which they had
been engaged ; and by fvo o'clock in the
morning, only fifty (but little more than onethird
of the orignal number) remained alive.
These, by making the best of their dreadful
condition, might have perhaps been all saved
notwithstanding the rapid decomposition of
the bodies of the dead gave a n?*w and sickening
taint to the air of this terrible dungeon;
but one after another continued to sink, until
at eight o'clock, when an order aVrived
for an enlargement of the survivors, only
/ IFpyi f M-f h Y00 U'Pro frill r>/-l nlu?a o A ? ! ?
o.. .*!. %. ii/miiu Uiiiu, uuu IliCCi; J5U
dreadfu iiy changed in appearance as scarcely
to be recognised even by their nearest
friends.
Good Atjvicf, fob the Youxg.?Every
youth should enryly learn the importance of
self-reliance. If he would make any advancement
up the rugged hill of Science, or
climb the steps of Fame?he has got to
make himself. You may have affectionate
parents and powerful friends?they will be
of but little avail if you do not help yourself.
You may have money and wealth at your
command?but they, of themselves, can do
but little in the accomplishment of your
great objects. You have the advantages
nf tllP. hps! n rwl nl lV?o mo of niliml.L
? ?? - *? ?/? VIIU HIVOI ? ai UUMIL
libraries, but if you do not bring into requisition
and active service the native energies
of your own mind, you will fall infinitely
aihort of. the ends sought for. Remember
that industry, application and energy can
accomp'tsh almost any and every thing?
without them you can do comparately nothing.
Mas. O'Connell's remains are to be
exhumed at Cahirciveen, and placed alongside
those of her husba'nd at Glusnevin
Cemetery.
The present commotion in Europe is cu
rious?Protestant England supporting Papal
Rome against Catholic Austria and
Catholic France.
Ox Making and Pkeskving Bpttkk.Butter
is an important article in household
economy; and as upon its quality depends
very mneli th profits af the farmer, as well
as the comfort of the consumer, L send you,
Mr. Editor, a few hints on the process of
making and preserving it.
The art of making butter consists in separating,
with skill and neatness the oil from
the serum and curd with which is combined
in the milk, and of seasoning it to suit the
palate. The art of preserving good butter
lies in keeping it as to have it retain its
rich sweet flavor. The best method I
know of effecting these objects, is embraced
in the following rules:
1. In llie first place, see that your cows
are supplied with plonty of nutritious food.
This is the raw material from which butter
is made; and unless this is good and abundant,
the manufactured article will be scanty
nnd poor.
2. Lft the milk be stH in shallow, broad
pans, of wooden, tin, or stone earthenware,
to facilitate the separation of the cream, in
a cool, clean apartment. Red-glazed earth
enware is bad; and load is often poisonous.
I think the best temperature is about fifty
degrees of Fahrenheit.
3* Let the cream or milk be churned be*
forf! it lias lirrnmr* mnr-iil r?r oo -n fl>io
stage it has lost its finest qualities for butter.
4. The operation of churning should be
moderately and regularl y performed. If too
slow and at intervals only, the separation is
tedious and uncertain. If violent, the creain
is too much heated, and yields a white insipid
butter.
5. Put no water with your cream nor
with your milk. The flavor, I may say aroma,
which gives the butter its high value,
i* extremity volatile, is disengaged by heat
and materially dissipated by water. Work
the butter thoroughly wiih the butter-ladle
in rx nmnflnn kr\t*rl
tor to cool the mass; and while this opetion
is being completed, mix pure, fine salt
enough with the butter to season it for the
table, and set it by in the bowl in a cool cellar
till next clay?at which time the salt
will be completely dissolved, when it is to
be thoroughly incorporated by again working
the butler with the wooden ladle until
every particle of liquid is expelled.
The making process is completed. To
preserve the rich flavor which this process
secures. Daclc the butter nicelv down in a
1 * * 9
perfectly tight, sweet vessal, and none is
better than a stone earthen jar, without a
particle of additional salt; smooth the surface,
and cover the top two inches with a
strong cold brine, which has been made by
boiling and slamming the materials. If a
pellicle or scum is seen to rise upfon the
pickle, turn off the liquid and replace it by
fresh picle.
I am accustomed to eat butter of May,
June and October, made and preserved in
this way, when it is from six to twelve
months old, without perceiving any material
difference between it and that which is
fresh made.
tKeepimg
Farm. Accounts.?Let any
r t .t - - i ?
lanner maKe ine experiment, ana lie win
find it an interesting as it is useful, to know j
from year to year the actual produce of his 1
farm. Let everything therefore .which can 1
be measured and weighed ; and let that j
which cannot be brought to an exact standard,
be estimated as if he himself were
about to sell or purchase it. Let him also
as near as he can, measure the ground
which he plants, the quantity of seed he
uses, and the manner in which he applies
it. The labor of doing this is nothing compared
with the satisfaction of having it, and
the benefits which must arise from it. Conjecture,
in these cases, is perfectly wild and
uncertain, varying often with different individuals,
almost a hundred per cent. Exactness
enables a man to form conclusions
which may most essentially and innumer.ahle
ways, avail to his advatage. It is that
alone which can give any value to his experience.
It is that which will make his
experience the sure basis of improvement;
it will put it in his power to give safe counsel
to his friends ; and it is the only ground
on which he can securely place cogfidencc
in himself.?Norristown Herald.
Sukjide.?Wc nr informed that on Sunday
last, a Mr. Mason, who rnsided in the
lower part of Pickens Dis'rict, committed
suicide by shooting himself through the
head with a rifle ; the ball entering under
the lower j&yv, and coming out at the back
part of the -head. Insanity produced by
intemperance, is supposed to have been tho
exciting cause of this rash act.
Anderson Gazette.
Isn't it a very queer thing that a man, by
penning his ideas lets trtem out.
A gentleman praising the generosity of
vile* rfc V\ /"i j * 1- - ??4 ?? ?
a iuhuj uuoci ?uu mui " lit: ipcpi ins money
like water." "Then of course he liquidated
Uis debts5" rejoined a wag.