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Twelve Days Later from Europe. ARRIVAL Or TIIU STEAMSHIP HIBERNIA. The Hibernia arrived at the wharf of East Boston ou the morning of the 3d insf. To the Editors of the Jour, of commerce : The Hibernia brings to the United States the Oregon treaty ratified by the British Government, under the seal of the new foreign minister, Lord Palmerston. This important document was signed by his Lordship and Mr. McLaneon the 17th, at the foreign ollice, and afterwards 1 .1 v i 1 r T *1 vuiivcyeu lur uespaicii Dy me nioernin. by his Kxcelloncy Mr. McLane, the Atnericun Minister lo Great Britain. In the House of Lords on the 17th of July, the Marquis of Lansdowne rose and said that it was his duty to lay before their Lordships and that House, the treaty which had just been concluded between Her Majesty and the Governmont nf t I . Sitntfto m V* v??v w imvvi *14 to the Oregon Territory. He hud the satisfaction of informing their Lordships that ratifications had that day been exchanged. A similar motion was made in the House of Commons by Lord Palmerston, who appeared at the bar and stated that he had a paper to present by command of Her Majesty. The new ministry has got fairly to work, and the business of the country is again in a state of progression. All the members have been returned without opposition, except Mr. McAuley and Lord Debrington. 4 Y In every quarter a disposition exists to give the new appointments a fair trial; in consequence of the excitement now passed, the country needs repose, and with the exception of the Sugar duiies, there is no prominent question likely to embarrass the ministry or test their cannKll ? The affairs of this session of Parliament will be wound up probably by the middle of August. The great movement to reimburse Mr. Cobden for the loss of health and money is progressing apacc. There seems every chance that the hundred thousand pounds fixed upon as the maximum of the amount to be given to him, will be raised. Efforts will be made to raise a splendid monument to Sir Robert Peel, by means of penny subscriptions through out the British Empire, as an expression of the nation's gratitude. Parliament?The proceedings in the House of Parliament possesses considerable interest. Mr. Duncombe wished to hear from the noble Lord himself a distinct avowal of his views on the leading topics of the day. Lord John Russel declined this categorical analysis, but while doing so, said sufficient to point the moral of his future career as Minister, to the principles of Free Trade, to which he avowed his unswerving attacnment. Justice to Ireland, he would literally carry out, but with respect to the established church of that country, the Premier thought it imprudent to meddle in this early stage of the business. The same evening Lord John Russell declared that he would make his views respecting the sugar duties known on Monday. Commercial.?The manufacturing districts are busy, and confidence prevails. Tbe season continues all that we could desire. The cotton market is firm, with good steady business, and prices have an up-1 ward tendency. The latest arrivals from the United States show that the last cron will not excecd two millions one hundred thousand bales, and that the prospects of the present year, owing to the lateness of the spring, are not particularly promising. MEXICO. Concerning Mexico, and our war with Mexico, the London papers are comparitively silent. The Times of the * 5th anticipates that Santa Anna will return to power there, and is of opinion that " the operation of a protracted, unhelthy war will not long gratify the American democracy, or be popular in the United States. At no distant period the Cabinet at Washington will be as eager to make peace in the midst of its anticipated triumphs, as the Cabinet of Mexico, under the pressure of defeat. We hope that both parties will seize the first decent pretext for putting an end to this wanton and absurd quarrel." After expressing doubts whether the Oregon Convention now so eagerly accepted by Lord Palmerston be more favorable to the rights of the British crown than that Convention formed by Lord Ashburton, which Lord P. so bitterly denounced, the Times says: " Therp is no one, we are confident, either in this kingdom or America, who will | venture to compare the real nmount of the sacrifices made on either side with the result that has been obtained"?and it chronicles with marked satisfaction the enthusiasm with which the adjustment was received in the United States ?but not without some sneer at Mr. Polk, " compelled" as that paper has it, "to consume his own bluster"?and all other " fifty-four forties"?for it had caught the term. The same paper, the Times of the 14th July, publishes in full the message of the President to the Senate 16th June, covering the estimates of the War and Navy Department for the war. The great lion of the day had at last 1 left England, Ibrahim Pacha. He took his departure in H. M. steamer Avenger, the 17th, from Portsmouth, the Egyptian flag flying at the mast head, and under salutes from all the batteries. He nroceeds dirnrt tn T.isVinn nnrl Alf>v andria, having changed his original purpose of calling ofl* Cherburg. The Egypt'-n seems to have left a very strong impressions behind. His courteous manner and inquiring mind rendered him very accessible. IRELAND. Repeal Association.?Mr. O'Connell left London on the 5th inst., and ar rived in Dublin on Monday morning. He appeared at the meeting at Conciliation Hall in the afternoon, when there was a crowded attendance. Mr. N. Maher, M. P. was called to the chair. The Secretary was directed to write to the Reneal Wardens in thp. north nf Trp land, deprecating any interference with the Orange Anniversaries. Mr. O'Connell, in the course of his address to the meeting, after describing the fall of the late ministry, and warmly eulogizing Sir Robert Peel, asked what course the people of Ireland ought to pursue under present circumstances? The wonderful success which had attended the persevering and uutiring exertions of the Anti-Corn-law League, ought to inspire them with new hopes and expectations that the object on which they were bent might not unreasonably be expected. The success of Cobden was the triumph of moral force, a principal which, he might say, was first acted upon by the people of Ireland. The Chartists, on the contrary, had adopted physical force, and what had become of them ? They were not in existence. The people of England were, therefore, bound in gratitude to assist the Irish people in obtaining measures of amelioration. It remained to be seen whether they would or not. But what ought they (tne Irish people) to do under existing circumstano ?1__,. -_j - i-to r iic nau u piuu iu propose, ana 11 would rest with the people whether they would accept it or not. They (the people) might differ with him, but he would not differ with them. He came to Ireland for the purpose of telling them, first, that he intended, at the earliest possible moment in the next session of Parliament, to bring under the consideration of the Legislature the question of the Repeal of the Union ; secondly, he required the association to declare what acts they considered to be necessary for placing the people of the two countries on an equal footing in .r M i .i- 11 ? jjuuii ui civji nguis j iniraiy; ne required their sentimerHs on a law to alter the relations between landlord and tenant; fourthly, he wished means to be taken for restoring the influence of the association throughout the country ; fifthly, he insisted on an immediate attention to the registry, particularly in such places as were likely soon to become vacant; and,sixthly, that the commitI tee on the association should fix upon such candidates to fill the vacancies as they considered proper. After speaking /"?f iVlQ nlfitfAn *V> rtOrtHMAA. .U.AU I? ? ? ? ? * v. viuvcu uicaauics vvinuu lie lias aiready stated he wants from Government, Mr. O'Cennell proceeded to state that he would take every measure of good that he could get for Ireland, but would not give up Repeal. After a warning against violence and an appeal for that confidence which he had earned by his past services, the Hon. gentleman moved that the documents which he had J -1 111 - - reau snouia nave tne approval ol the association. On Wednesday a banquet was given at Dundalk to Daniel O'Connell, Jun., Mr. D. O'Connell, Sen., was present. He recommended his son to the constituency as a Repealer, and stated that the only fault he had to find with Mr. Redington was that he was not a Repealer. ITALY. His Holiness the Pope is winning golden opinions from the people ol RnmP ti O/l incfant Ka vu ?uv MVI 1IIUIUI11? UV |7?v*\.\yuuuu on foot through the streets?a condescension not practised since the days oi Ganganelli. RUSSIA. The redactions in the tariff have been made, and took effect on the 18th June. The ukase says that they have been made in order to give activity to foreign commerce and national industry. THE BANNER. " LIHERTY AND MY NATIVE SOU.." CHARLES Tl. TLlE N, Editor. Abbeville C. II., S. C.s WEDNESDAY, AUG. 12, 1846. U3" We unintentionally omitted in our last, to notice the examination ol the scholars at the Female Academy at this place, on the 30th ultimo. The exercises were highly satisfactory to all present, and were creditable to both teacher and pupil. Mr. Lesly has been so long favorably known as a teacher that any thing from us in commendation of him would be useless. It should be a source of gratification to our villagers that they have been enabled to procure the servi ces ol Mr. L.esly in the Academy ; and we trust that nothing will be wanting upon their part to advance the interest of the School, and retain him permanently in his situation. Forrign. News.?Extracts of which will be found in this week's paper, brought out by the steamer Hibernia. The news is not important, with the exception of the ratification of the Oregon Treaty. The cotton market was firm with an upward tendency. Temperance in Law ens.?We learn from the last Laurensville Herald, that the friends of Temperance in that District are taking ground against the resolutions passed at the late Convention I...l.i * :i ? i . . iitriLt ui jvikuii, wun. rcgara to changing the present license system and voting at elections. In a set of resolutions passed by the District Society on the 3d instant, they disapprove of the recommendations of the convention, and determine to adhere to the principles heretofore ad vanced upon the subject of legislation ; and at a meeting of the Laurensville T. A. Society on the 6th instant, in consideration of this movement, has seceded from the Statfi Tffimnprnnnp J ?J We have been apprehensive that whilst this movement might meet with approbation in some quarters of our State, that it would be opposed in others. A sufficient change in public opinion has not yet been brought about for a measure of this kind ; and we are fearf 1 .? . i i 1 ? - ? iui mat snouia tne question be agitated, it will result in injury to the temperance cause, and produce a degree of excitement throughout the length and breadth of the land that is to be deprecated. Let us yet awhile travel on in the good old path, and use alone the mild and irresistable weapons of argument and persuasion. The Veto Message.?The bill ma king appropriations for the improvement of certain harbors and rivers, to the amount of one million three hundred and seventy-eight thousand four hundred and fifty dollars, has been vetoed t Vi o Procirlcnt Thi? Hnpnmpnt ia ra. -J - .V, plete with sound and forcible arguments, setting forth reasons why these appropriations should not be made; that at some of these harbors no entry of foreign goods is ever made, and no duties collected at them ; no exports of American nroducts bound for foreign countries ever cleared from them ;?consequently appropriations made for their improvement would benefit the particular neighborhoods alone in which they are situated, which would be unconstitutional and establishing a precedent which would lead to the squandering of the r public fund. Another equally strong rAfltnn 1? tViit *Vta Jm?! ? ? WMWWM bUU VCI11C111 Ui IUTOO objects are of no pressing necessity? that being engaged at this time in an expensive war with a foreign country, we should husband our treasures: especially so since Congress has authorised a loan, or the issue of treasury notes to defray the expenses of the war, if the exigencies of the Government should require it. Mr. Polk, by his consistant and straight forward course, is daily adding fresh honors to his name; and his adI ministrution is destined to be one of the brightest in the history of our country. His position in all the great measures which have been before him, proves him a patriot of the first stamp, and each step that he has taken in the discharge of his duties has been with an eye single to the good of the common country. With a man of his stern inflexibility of character, his discriminating sagacity and integrity at the helm of state, we may fear no danger, for our vessel will gallantly weather every storm and bear us on to prosperity. Affn.i.rn n.t. Wnth.irnTtnn. Wr nrp same, before this, the labors of Congress have been brought to a close. This Congress is characterised by the passage of several vastly important measures?by the settlement of the Oregon question, which has so long been hung up in uncertainty and doubt?and by the passage of the Tariff Bill; to say nothinir of others of less note, each of these measures of themselves would have been sufficient to make the session memorable. The Warehousing Bill has also passed both Houses ; also the bill for the payment of the clams for French Spoliation prior to 1800?and now await the signature of the President to become laws. tt.umor lias readied here through the letter writers at Washington, that the Senate had been in secret session on Tuesday and Wednesday, the 4th and 5th instant, deliberating upon a message from the President, containing a proposition for the settlement of the Mexican war, and the purchase of California. As to the truth of this rumor, we can say nothing ; but the supine indifference ui me mexicans 10 me advance ol our army, and the absence of all preparation for defence upon their part, would seem to favor such a measure. The latest accounts from Mexico, state that a small force at Monterey was fortifying that town ; yet the forces nre so inconsiderable, the Americans would meet with but little difficulty in talcing the place; and the towns which have al ready been taken offered no resistance whatever. So there may be truth in the rumor. A few days, however will decide the matter. Judge Greer, of Pittsburg, has been nominated as justice of the Supreme Court, and is thought the Senate will confirm the nomination. Mr. Buchanan has determined to remain in the^ State Department. Mr. Pickens, who is now in Washington, it is thought will be offered the London mission and that he will now accept. The friends of the Tariff are much dissatisfied in the North at the passage of the bill, and every mail that reaches us now, comes ladened with their waitings and lamentations, with predictions of a ruined country, of bankrupt thousands and misery unheard of. In Pennsylvania, feeling upon this question has been so high, and so exasperated are they at the vote of the Vice President that they have hung and burnt him in effigy in various parts of the State. At Harrisburg upon one of these effigies was placed the following inscription : " The political death of George M. Dallas?Let traitors beware of the death of a traitor?Peace to his ashes." editor's table. Southern and, Western Literary Messen ger and Review: B. B. Minor, Editor, Richmond, Va.?Terms, $5.00 per annum, in advance. We have received the August No. of this valuable publication, which will be found equal in interest with any pf its ? fjl OU*>VWOV10* Gen. Taylor has received from the Mexican Government $1,200, to be appropriated to the sick and wounded Mexican soldiers in his camp. From the New Orleans Picayune. LATER FROM THE ARMY. The brig Empressario arrived at the Barracks this morning, seven days from Brazos Santiago, with Capt. [Gen ] Desha's company of Alabama Volunteers, who have been ordered to New Orleans to be mustered out of the service, according to instructions from the War Department. Six other companies from Alabama, all the Louisiana Volunteers and the St. Louis Legion, as six months men, are to be mustered out of ser*?n? by the same authority. Cols. Peyton and Featherston's Regiments are not recognized by the Department as being in the service at all. When the Empressario left, most of the regular troops had gone to Camargo, where, it is probable, all are by this time. Unless Gen. Taylor has been detained on account of the withdrawal of so mamany volunteers from the army, to make new arrangements regarding the disposition of the remaining ones, he has Join. ed the regular army ere this at Camarg? The Texan troops were about taking up their march for Mier. Several fine artillery companies had arrived from the seaboard before the Empressario left. Gju. Smith had proceeded with the 3d and 4th Regiments U. S. Infantry up to Camargo, commencing with his rank as Colonel in the army. It will be recollected that Gen. Smith has been appointed Colonel of the new Regiment of Mounted Riflemen, and it is upon his commission as such that he now acts. Gov. Henderson was lying dangerously ill at Matamoras at the latest dates ?very little hope was, tf any, entertained of his recovery. No news had been received of the whereabouts of the Mexican army. Letters had been received at Matamoras from the City of Mexico, which stated that Paredes was to leave that city to join the army. The 29th ult. was the day assigned by those letters for his departure for the seat of war. Brigadier General was to be left in command at Matamoras, where a regiment of volunteers was to be stationed and the forts garrisoned by artillery. iVJore extensive hospitals had been ordered to be erected at Point Isabel, for the accommodation of a large number of sick. Ti:e Moon in Lord Rosse's Telescope.?Dr. Scoresby of Ireland, whose admirable discourses on Astronomy have been arranged after the examination of the stellar system through the magnificent instrument of Lord Rosse, remarks in a recent lecture, that with regard to the lunar orb, every object on the moon's surface is now distinctly to be seen : and. he had no doubt that un der very favorable circumstances, it would be so with objects sixty feet in height. On its surface were craters of extinct volcanoes, rocks, and masses of stones almost innumerable. He had no doubt whatever that if such a building as he was then in were upon tho surface of the moon, it would be rendered distinctly visible by these instruments. But there were no signs of habitations such as ours?no vestiges of architectural remains to show that the moon is or ever was inhabited by a race of mortals similar to ourselves. It presented no appearance which could lead iko oainnnoi^nn ?kn? U me ouppuouiuu iiiui u LUiiiaiucu any thing like the green fields and lovely verdure of this beautiful world of ours. There was no water visible?not a sea, or river, or even the measure of a reservoir for supplying town or factory?all seemed desolate. Hence would arise the reflection in the mind in the christian philosopher?why hud this devastation been? It might be furiher inquired? was it a lost world ? Had it suffered for its transgression ? Analogy might suggest the question, had it met the fate ___i t_ iJ _ J which scnpiure iuiu us was reserved for our world? It was obvious that all this was mysterious conjecture. Upon the subject of astronomy, a paragraph of interest in relation to the plan net Saturn and Brosen's second comet is given in a letter from Rome, dated June 1st, which states that the celebrated astronomer. Schwabe, from his own observations and the contemporaneous observations of the Roman astronomers, has been led to believe that a double period exists in the variable eccentricity of the globe Ssturn in respect to the ring, that is, the one of two and the other of 70 hours. The second comet of Brasen has slackened a little in its rapiditv. and is movinir for* ward towards the twins. The U. S. Tresurer's official statement shows by returns received to July 27, 1846, the whole amount of Government funds at that time in the public depositories, subject to draft, to have been $7,725,797, v?