The Kershaw gazette. (Camden, Kershaw Co., S.C.) 1873-1887, October 04, 1883, Image 4
|h elephants."
-?_.
H#w ?k? U?|? blMi An Capture* t,
"/?Irth rfwwi
'' Kraaling" elephants in India, fays
a hunter, is done for the purpose otoo*
tuiuing recruits for the public works
department, temple elephants for ser
>Vi$e in tho to in plea, and now and then
for oircuse* elephants to be trained to
stand on their heads and take coppers
,}?(a?t policemen) with their trunks.
The way they are caught is in this
wise: The head man of the village re
ceives a notice from the government
? that they require so msny elephants.
Then the temple priests and the circus
people, if any, want so many more, and
theyoomein second-hand. Tho posl
?? ?x. *^e "kraal" is determined on,
and then the- whole village, man,
woman and child, turn out as beaters.
A radius of say.ten mile, is taken in.
and they "spot" the herd and their
begin to drive them toward the "kraal"
By day it is all done- by shotting, but
at night large fires are lighted in a
circle and, as a rule, the herd never at
tempt to break through, but now and
again they do> and then the whole per
formance has to start again. It takes
very little to frighten a "herd" of ele
phants into going the way you want
them?quite different from the solitary
rogue. Half a dozen men with whito
wands will keep a who'e herd to
gether like a flock or slioep. The
"kraal" Is about 200 yards in diame
ter, and is formed by making a strong
stock alley, with a narrow en
trance, into wlii h tho elephants are
driven. Once there, tame elephants,
generally females, are introdu ed with
mahouts, who make friends with the
wild ones, and two. tame ones will slido
up to a wild one, ono on each side,
gradually clpsing up on him until he is
jammed so tight that he cannot move.
Then natives creep in underneath and
jnako ropes fast all round his legs,
V'ng the end of one to a strong treo.
lhls is gradually shortened until, from
sheer fatigue, he lies down, and then
gooi-bye to freodom. He is starved
there until he either rises as " e'ephant
No. 99 of tlie public works depart
as "the great* and only
JUmbo,' of the "greatest show on
When a herd is driven In
ythero is generally a bij bull elephant
al ng with it, who has to bo shot before
anything <an be done in capturing tin
jo males. He is a true gentleman, and
goes rampaging all over the "kraal,"
trumpeting and trying to protect his
...lady friends " from the animal man.
When the Duke of Edinburgh visited
Ceylon a great "kraal" was gotten up
for his benefit, which I attended. He
was due at it certain date, but he wa<
two days behind, and when he did ar
rive lie entered tho temporary vi lage of
huts,under as unique a triumphal arch
as 1 expect he had ever gone under. It
was composed of all the empty beer
champagne, ax!a-water, whisky and
bottles thut. had been drank
w hile awaiting his overdue arrival,and, I
te l you, the arch was a pretty b g one,
as the el mate is a very " thirst pro
vocative." At the same "kraal he
^nad a very narrow squeak for his life.
Two good shots, Messrs. Fisher and
Varian, were put alongside of him, and
a big bull elephant was to be the sub
ject of slaughter. , When the bull
charged the duke fired and m's ed, and,
; 8^ahge tO;say, both Fisher and Varian
f 4.1 j8a,me' Tlie elePhnnt was almost
on the duke when the sound of a rille
? shot rung out, and the great beast
u dropped a'most nt his feet No one
knew where tho shot had come from '
nntll attenth n was dirocted to a small
cloUd of blue Smoke floating from a
?*??-.!? discovcrb:l that a
??ingalee' shikaree had shot the ele
phant whon the others had missed with
an old flint look musket. So the mourn
ggl warehouses in JEfagland lost a big
Whon the elephant is caught and
tamed there is no animal under the
? sun that exceeds him in sagacity, and,
in many respeots, he is far superior to
man. Thejtouohof his trunk is as
gentle as the touoh of a woman's hand,
and the stamp of his foot, or a Wow
from that same gentlo trunk, Is as
powerful as that from a steam ham
per. The government uses them
chiefly in the public works department,
where they are employed in moving
huge blocks of stone, whore it would
be expensive, and, in faot, impossible
to tse fit^atn engines. They have been
known io drag up huge blocks of
stone, shove them into position and
then sway slowly baokward, and if the
stone was not perfeotly rightly placed,
or to
stone was not perfeotly rightly p
A .public works depArtmunt man
once told me that he was snperintend
}"?,H?e-?SJ5j?fd,fn* *lot of pteel tub
V1,6 *leP1,ftnt u the
first piece up in his trunk it slipped,
22 ? *28$ ?!the oil He ^ok Wup
again with the same result, and Anally
he seemed to understand It, and, push
ing it w.th his foot to where there was
'SIS? %nd| rol,ed over and over
!!&$!? #fland ?,tuc,k t0 li ana Pfe*
{r7n? slipping, when ho tdok
iMip and triuraphaatly carried it.
Just how the pitching and rolling
6f a ship acta on the human frame ao
M to produce the physical and mental
V prostration ot seasickness Is A matter
& of dispute* A theory recently started
by Dr. Irwin, an English physician,
tribute's it to disturbance of the
ids In the semicircular canals of the
it is generally recognized that
__f*tion of any kind In these passages
proil uoo* nausea and vomiting. Dr.
f Chapman, on the other hand, sees the
ma n proximate causj of this disorder
in the presence of an undue amount of
blcodin the spinal nervous centers,
which renders the norv.s proceed
ing ft#m them active, with the
result of disturbing the action of the
organs?especially the stomach? Whose
IV movements they regulate Anotheifl
I ? "new writer on the subject, Dr. Carpen
ter, IS tnolined to attribute soaslokncss
to the continued action of the
brain ot a cer'.ain set of sensations,
I more partiouiariy that of the want of
Xort. Nothing is^Store dlsagree
thantho feeling consequent on
the sudden giving way of a prop on
which one is leaning, and the repeti
tion of this sensation every time the
vessel makos its downward movement
is suppose*! to produce the nervous
igoment which manifeets itself in
Intss. Dn Kills writes to the
it that he found a complete
remedy in carefully attending to the
motion of the vessel, and accompany
ingirt his mind, even?by apghti
stooping or pressing downward ofthe
f tody the linking down of the Vessel's
L dftek. Another medical correspondent
states that he found relief by watching
kj the motion of the Vessels and, a* the
was about to desoend, making an effort
as though to force her down. The
Philadelphia Continent says $hat the
application of a tight belt round the
flower part of the abdomen mitigitee
the shocks to whiob, in a rough sea,
the nervous system is subjected. The
late Dr. George Heard's remedy was
lde of sodium, taken three times a
ew days before omhiirking, and
at sea till the danffer is oast,
ijlllB
? ?T
LOCUSTS AS FOOD FOB KAY.
* lbs Iiicnri
Professor Charley V. BUey, for a
long time State entomologist of Mis
souri, and now entomologist at the
United 8tates agricultural department
at Washington, undertook in 1875 a
series of experiments 44 to demonstrate
the availability of locusts as food for
man, and their value as suoh when*
ever, as not infrequently happens, they
Ive him of all other sources of
nourishment." Professor Riley took a
lot of loousts ta an hotel to be coak'd,
but he endeavored in van to obtain
assistance from the monarchs of the
gridiron. Tho cooks and servants
retired in disgust, aud left the natural
ists to do their own ooeking. The
savory messes that the latter concocted
converted the kitchen; cooks and
guests alike agreeing that the soups,
fricassees and fritter*, composed ma
terially or locusts, were excellent.
In regard to these experiments Pro
fessor Riley fays :
??It had long been a desire with me
to to3t the value of this species
(spretus) as food, and I did not loso
the opportunity to gratify that desire
which tho recent locust invasions into
some of the Mississippi Valley States
afforded. I know well enough that
the attompt would provoke to ridicule
and mirth, or oven disgust, the vast
majority of our p3ople, unaccustome 1
to any thing of the sort, and associating
with the word 4 insect' or 4 bug,'
everything horrid and repulsive. Yet
I was governed by weightier reasons
than mere curiosity; for many a
family in Kansas and Nebraska was,
in 1874, brought to tho brink of the
grave by shet-r lack of food, while tho
St. Louis papers reported cases of
actual death from starvation in some
sections of Missouri, where the insects
abounded and ate up every greon
thing, in the spring of 1875.
?? Whenever the occasion presented,
I partook of locusts prepared in differ
ent ways, and one day I ate of no other
kind of l ood, and must have consumed,
in one way or another, the substance
of several thousand half-grown loousts.
Commencing the experiments with
some misgiving*, and fully expecting
to have to overcome disagreeable flavor,
I was soon agreeably surprised to find
that the lnstots were quite palatable
in whatever way propared. The flavor
of tho raw locust Is most strong ami
disagreeable, but that of tho cooked
insect is agreeable and sufllclently
mild to bo ea ily' neutralized by any
thing with which they may be mixed,
and to admit of easy disguise, according
to taste or fancy. But tho great point
I would make in their favor js that
they need no elaborate preparation or
seasoning, and that they really requ're
no disguise ; and herein lies their value
in exceptional emergencies, for, when
people are driven to. the -point!of
starvation by these ravenous pests, it
follows that all other foo:l is Scarce or
unattainable. A broth, made by boil
ing tho unfledged oalopteni for two
hours in the proper quantity of water,
and seasoned with nothing out pepper
and salt, is quite palatable and scarcely
to be distinguished lrom beef-broth,
though it has a slight flavor peculiar
to It and not ' easy to be described.
The addition alittlo butter im
E roves it, and tho flavor can, of course,
e modified with mint, snge, and other
Bploes ad libitum. Fried or roasted In
nothing but their own oil, with the
addition of a little salt, they are by no
means unpleasant eating, and have
Suite a nutty flavor. In fant, it is a
avor, like most peculiar and not un
pleasant flavors, that ono can soon
learn to got tohd of. Prepared In this
manner, ground and compressod, they
would doubtless keep for a long time.
Yet their consumption in large quan
tities In this form would not, I think,
prove as whole o:no as when made
into soup or broth, for I found tho
chltinous covering and corneous parts,
especially the spines on the tibiw, dry
and chippy, and somawlmt irritating
to the throat. This objection would
not apply with the samo force to the
mature individuals, especially of the
larger species, where the heads, legs
and wings are carefully separated
boforo cooking ; and, in fact, some of
tho mature insects prepared in this
way, then boiled, an-* afterward stowed
with a fow vegetable?, and a little
butter, pepper, salt and vinegar, made
an excellent fricassee.
" I sent a bushel of scalded Insects
to Mr. John Bonnet, one of the oldest
and best-known caterers of St. Louis.
Master of the mysteries of the oulsine,
he made a soup which was really de
licious, and was so pronounoed by
dozens of prominent St. Louisiana who
tried It. Shaw, in his 'Travels In
Barbary' (Oxford, England, 1788), in
which two pages are devoted to a
description or the ravages of locusts,
mentions that they ore sprinkled with
salt and fried, when they taste like
crawfish; and Mr. Bonnet declared
that this locust-soup reminded him of
nothing so much as crawfish'bisque,
which Ts so highly esteemed by con
noisseur*, lie also declared that he
would gladly have it on his bill of fare
every dAy if he could only get the
Insects.
" His method of preparation wan to
boH on a brisk Are, having previously
srasonori them with rait, pepper and
grated nutmeg, the whole Delng oc
casionally stirred. When cooked, they
are pounded in a mortar with broad
fried brown, or puree of rice. They
are then replaced in the saucepan and
thtokened to a broth by placing on the
warm port of the stove, but not allowed
to bod. For use, the broth is parsed
through a strainer and a lew croutons
ate added. I carried a small box of
fried ones to Europe* where they were
tasted by numerous person", Including
members of theT,onarin Kntomological
society and of the Societe Entomo*
logtque de Franoe. Without excep
tion, they wero pronounced far better
than was expected, and those fried in
their own oil, with a little salt* re
mained good and fresh for several
months; others fried in butter became
SJlffhtiy rancid, a fault of the butter.
* r. C. i lorne, F. /.8., writing to
4 Science Gossip,' says: * In the even
ing I had asked two gentlemen to
dinnei, and gave them a curry and
oroquette of locusts. They passed for
Cabool shrimps, which in flavor they
very much re<eml>led; but the oook
having inadvertently left a hlnd*leg
in a croquette, they were found out,
to the infinite disgust of one of the
party and the amusement of tho
other.'
<? Locusts Kill hardly oome Into
general uso for food, except where
they are annually abundant; and our
Western farmers, who occasionally
fluff or from them, will not easily be
brought to a due appreciation of them
for this purpose. Prejudiced against
them, fiphtlng to overcome them,
killing them in large quantitlea, until
the attach from their decomposing
bodies becomes at time.* most offensive,
they And little that is attractive in the
* For these reasons, as long as other
food Is attainable, the looust will be
apt to be rejected by' most
Yet tho faftt remains that
make very good food. When
?
caught In large quantities, the i
mass presents a very appetizing ap
pearand and emits a strong and not
overpleaant odor; but, rinsed and
scalded, $ they turn a brownish red,
look mueh more Inviting, and give no
disagreeable ?melL"-J>ofwJar Soltnc?
Monthly. ^
Before the Htaah.
Mr. B. O. W. Benjamin. United
States minister resident and oonsul
rineral to Persia, gives an aocount of
s journey to Teheran and the cere
mony attending his olicial presentlon
to the shah. Mr. Benjamin is the first
diplomatic representative of this gov
ernment accredited to Persia. He "was
sixty 'five days reaching Teheran from
New York, by way of Bordeaux, Mar
seilles, Constantinople and Poti, by
water, and from the latter plaoa by
rail to Baker, on the Caspian sea. At
Baker he reoelved from the Persian
consul a telegram from the shah invit
ing him to proceed at once to Teheran.
Mr. Benjamin was tak< n to the palace
in a landau furnished by his majesty
and drawn ly six horses, each mounted
by a liveried pcstillon. Twenty royal
feraushes, or foot runners, qlad in scar
let and wearing plumed tlras, pre
ceded the carriage, with a score of
horsemen. Aocompanied by the meh
manda and the second master of cere
monies Mr. llenjamin arrived at the
gardens of the place. All were ush
ered into a spacious and handsome
hall, where the first master of ceremo
nies and other gentlemen and dignita
ries, gorgeously arrayed, were in wait
ing. Here Mr. Benjamin was invited
to a seat of h>nor and treatod to ?' tea
and the kallonu, or water pipe." Soon
afterward Mr. Benjamin was told that
his majesty was In readiness to receive
him, and thereupon he was conducted
bv the first master of ceremonies to
the palace itself. At this moment a
salute fired in honor of the United
States thundered over the city.
??On entering," says Mr. Benjamin,
" wo ascended a magnificent staircase.
The walls were decorated in part with
paint nga of European masters. From
the staircase we enterod an audience
hall of vast proportions. His majesty
stood at the upper end. Leaving my
outer shoes at the door, as pre^ribed
by the treaty of Kourniantchia, I
made a low bow and walked up to
where the king was standing." Mr.
Benjamin then addressed the King in
French ? and presented his letter of
credence. His majesty replied that it
gave him great satisfaction to see an
American legation at Teheran, and
considered tnit both governments
could be further benefited by increas
ing the intercourse and diplomatic re
lations of the two peoples. After this
ceremony his majesty expressed strong
hopes that the United states, having
established a legation in Persia, should
maintain one permanently at Te
heran,
At the conclusion of the audience
with his majesty, Mr. Benjamin made
a formal call upon thfi'teiretary of
foreign affairs and paid his respects;
also to his royal highness, the Naib
sultan, who Is the minister of war and
one of the sons . of; the king, and
thanked him for the military oscprt.
An Elephant's Reasoning: Powers.
An elephant belonging to an engi
neer otllcer, says an exchange, hud a
disease in his eyes, and had for three
days been completely blind. His
owner asked Dr. Webb, a physician, if
ho could do anything for the relief of
the animal. Dr. Webb replied that he
was willing to try on one of the eyes
the effect of nitrate qf silver, which
was a remedy commonly used for simi
lar diseases of the human eye. The
animal wan accordingly made to lie
down, and when the iHtrate of silver
was applied uttered a terrific roar at
the acute pain it occasioned. But the
affect was wonderful, for the eye was
in a great degree restored, and the ele
phant could partially see. The doctor
was in consequence ready to operate
similarly on the other eye on tne fol
lowing day, and the animal, when he
was brought out and heard the doc
tor's voice, lay down of himself, placed
his head quietly on one side, curled up
his trunk, drew in his breath like a
human being about to ondure a pain
ful operation, gavo a sigh of relief
when it was over, and tlien, by mo
tions of his trunk and other gestures,
gave ovident signs of wishing to ox
press his gratitude. IIore we plainly
see in the elephant memory, under
standing and reasoning from one thing
to another. The animal remembered
the benefit that he had felt from the
application to one rye, and when he
was brought to the same placA on the
following day and heard tne operator's
voice, he concluded that a like servioe
was to be done to his other eye.
Living in High Altitudes.
Virginia City, Nev., Is 7,000 feet
above the se$ level, and it is difficult
to cook meat and vegetables by boil
ing, as water boils a+? a low tempera
ture, owing to the light atmospheric
pressure.' There has been a great deal
of discussion recently as to the altitude
at which human beings can exist. In
South America theire are towns, such
as Potosl. p)a ed as high as the top of
Mount Blano, the inhabitants of v/hioh
feel no inconvenience. The highost
inhabited spot in the worla is,
however, the Buddhist cloister of
Hanic, in Thibet, where twenty-one
priests live at an altitude of 15,000
feet. The brothers tfchtaginweit, when
they explored the glaciers of the Ibe
Gemln, in the same country, encamped
at 21,000 feet, the highest altitude at
which an European ever pasted the
night Even at the top of Mount Blano,
1'rofesf Or Tyndall's party found it very
pleasant to do this, though the pro
fessor hims if did notoottfesato feeling
as bad as they. The highest mounta n
in the world 14 Mount Everest (Hima
layn), 29,003 feet, and the condor has
be n ssen winging the blue air 500
feet higher.
The Trudfl Dollar.
The trade dollar Is like a dude be*
cause It Is lacking In cents.
It's like a drunkard beoause It don't
pais at par.
It is like a boy when liis father is
thrashing him, because H's below par.
It is like a laundry?it belongs to
the Chinese trade.
It is like a sluggish stream?It will
not past current.
It is like a cornov-stone deposite
e's l>ase coin.
It is like.a politician's promise?only
taken at a discount.
It is like a doctor?the loss you have
to do with It the better, you are off.?
Neto York Judge,
Bftaatlfolbnt Blind.
A touohing incident ocourred on a
Georgia railroal. A lady noticed on
the seat before her a woriian whose ro
flned appearance led her to engage in
conversation with the stranger.
Koticing the letter's beautiful babe
she expressed admiration. "Yes,"
said she, With a sigh, M beautiful but
blind." Then, pointing to two other
ohlhlren at her side, she added: " That
is not all?these, too, are blind." Th>
sad announcement brought tears to the
eyes of. the listeners. The mother's
sorrowful lot and the children's sad
future awakened the deepest sympathy.
? jUill
mm pais sex.
Dr. Siegfried Langer pleasantly de
scribes in " Das A us. and 71 the tuarriag 3
customs of the Bedouins ot Es Sait*
Palestine. First, as is the usage
among all Semitio peoples, the bride is
bought. The purchase money is paid,
half to her parents for bringing her up
and supporting her, whence it Is called
milk-money; the other half, in . the
form of dresses and ornaments for the
bride, or of a provision for u settle
ment in case of divorce; and all must
be paid in cash. As the time of the
marriage approaches the groom's asso
ciates collect around his house some
evening and perform a wild symbolical
dance with a great noise. The bride's
friends, in the meanwhile, are making
her dress, which, when it is
done, ' U paraded at tho head
of a procession singing praises
of the beauty and accomplishments
of the bride and the manly virtues of
the groom. On the wedding-day the
bride, if she lives in another town, is
brought to her future home unveiled
and on horseback, with an escort of a
dozen armed men. She finds the friends
of the bridegroom awaiting her, and
they engage in a contest to gain the
right by seizing to become her host for
dinner. These contests sometimes be
come real fights. # If, however, tho
bride lives in the same town with the
groom her friends serve her at the
bath, and tho putting on of her wed
ding clothes, after which she takes her
seat of honor to wait for the groom.
He, in the meantime, lias ridel n to
the nearest well for a bath, followed to
the gate of tho town by a procession of
women bearing a figure adorne I w th
pieces of the bride's outt.t. Having
performed his ablutions ho rides back,
and on the way strikes with his rid ng
whip the bridal doll,which is held up for
the purpose. That is hh p:irt of the
marriage ceremony. lie then goes to
his house, and the bride is brought up
on horseback, thickly veiled, with much
shouting. As she steps upon the
threshold, she must cut in two with
her whip an olive branch which is put
over the door; if she does n >t succeed,
it is a bad sign. As she enters the
room a number of young f> llows armed
with switches rush upon tho couple
and try to give them a good tin ashing.
Then they all i repare for tho feast.
Abundant supplies of prorisi ns are
sent down to the madari, or Arab Inn.
The poor a id travelers are a< mitt d;
and the bridegroom takes the seat of
honor am d the congratulations of the
crowd. After the feast t!io couple
take a seat together and spend tho
whole evening nnd sometimes th< next
day silently receiving tho presents antl
greetings of their a.-quaintan-es. On
the third day they are permitted to
begin their regular married life.?Pop
ular Science Month'*/.
Fnalilou Note*.
White is very much worn.
Bungles are as fashionable as over.
I^ome of the newest laco p'ns are de
cide Uy ugly, but are ornamented with
many precious stones.
Black tulle evening drosses are
looped and trimmed with bunches of
rid currants or of strawberries.
It is asserted that all dances, with
tho exception of the waltz and plain
quadrille, will soon g> out of fas ion.
The Newmarket hat of felt with
low crown and curled brim is worn in
the country by ladies while riding
liorseba k.
Some of tho oddest parasols nro
made of bright red and b ue ?ilk, em
broidered or painted in white geese,
green ducks, liens and roosters.
Plain linen callnrs aro worn only on
the street and for traveling. Evening
and afternoon drosses have soft lace
gathere I round tho nock and sleeves.
White and cream-colored dresses of
Chinese silk, trimmed with Malines
lace and brown or cherry ribbons, aro
favorite costumes of the Princess of
Wales.
? Shepherd's check of black and white,
both in wool and silk, is a favorito
fabric for traveling dresses. The ac
cepted ulster is ma'e of pongee or of
Scotch cloth of quiet colors, and has a
large pointol hood lined with bright
plaid silk.
One of tho daintiest bonnets re
cently seen had a croTvn composed of
fine white mull, closely shirred. A
gathering of black velvet trimmed the
brim* and on top, in front, reposed a
cluster of snowballs. Narrow strings
of white satin ribbon and black ribbon
velvet tied tho bonnet beneath the
pretty chin.
?i ii.. 'i I'j-i.i mm ).-I-U?b
I he Mermaid.
BY H. O. DOIHIK.
1 In coral I v .
oaves beneath !
the waves with my
old Father Neptune.
Oh; my O youth was
ppent in nweot oontent
for I at homo waa
kept, yen know.
Man, one day I
roam away in
search of
lovo 1111(1
fortune, oh.
1 he water# bore
me to the sho?e where
earthly mermoidn nport,
yon know, There In th
Ren touether we h)ld
nightly glad com
mon
ra\7'
frolicked gy
as mermaids
may, if lighted
by the moon, yon know,
Ah I why did A give ear to
my won , foolish, vain com
rarkn, oh, and learn that they
went in tie wpray but to be eyed
l?.v man. Voit know. For, then,
1, ko, did likewise woo metre
eye*, when enmo misfortune,
oh! For qtdek they ret for
me A mt in whioh I
m on was CAtighr, yon
know. Wolf, now
for ten oents ? enoU
the men at me,
eta fed, And in a ehow,
-W ile just oqts.dd kl?n
ed by the tide,
tho*e usrlv me maidn
puff end blow.
Thht's mean.
-*ttorr(atown Herald.
New York'* Narrowest House.
In all probability the smallest brlok
house in New York city, Bays the 8 in,
is that at 240} William street. It is
four storlos high and Ave and a half
feet wide. It looks like a chlmnoy
with windows in it. A barrel barri
cades the basement prea. On the flrst
floor a oobbler has h s shop. He has
athree foot show-window. and a two
foot doorway, And as ho sits on his
benoh no one can pttss him unless he
draws his elbows in. Ho snys thnt he
rents two floors, meaning two rooms,
and that the second floor is now to let.
Th: re Is a staircase at the buck of this
singular house, but tho upper floors are
reached by doorways In tho wall lead
ing from an aljacant lodging-house.
The artist might hunt through Lon
don or Paris without finding anything
more picturesque in its way than the
Immediate neighborhood of this queer
building. There are behind it on Cham
ber street one-story sheds, two-story
shanties, tall olty tenements, and a
house with a curious hanging addition
on the end of It hlgli in air, and etsry
foot of room Is made tho moat ot
FARJf, GARDEN AND HOUSEHOLD.
yi\r
rmmlH fei C??rt.
Those farmers who have not yet
adopted the ensilage system of pre
serving green focd for winter use, and
who use roots instead, an agricultural
paper says, f-hould bear in mind the
claims of parsnips as a cattle feed. It
1b one of the most ^nutritious of roots,
and can be grown without more trou
ble than carrots. We have never had
milch oows increase In milk or butter
productions much faster upon any
extra feed than when a peck of pars
nips was added daily to their ratlin)
of hay and grain. i'ar snips may be
sown any time in May if the ground
is fitted, as it always should be for
root crops by being deeply plowed, well
manured and finely pulverized. They
should bo sown in drills about four*
teen to eighteen inches apart,
and the' seed covered about half
an inch deep. "When two or three
inches high, thin to six inches apart
and keep well hoed. Do not harvest
in the fall, but allow them to remain
in the ground until the spring, and
when the beets, mangels, turnips,
small potatoes and the like are all con
sumed, and the " spring nppetito" of
the animal begins to crave the green
graes which has not started, then dig
your parsnips and feed them out. One
great advantage of tho par .snip i3 that
it will winter perfectly well in the
ground, and will be in Its best condi
sion at a season of tho year when the
animal most needs roots, and when
other varieties have either decayod or
last much of their value as feed, if In
d- ed you have been able to keep thorn
at all.
Farm aud (iardrn Notes.
Never clean a horse in his stable.
Tho dust fouls the crib and makes
him loathe lib food.
A bushel of corn fed to hogs In
August and September will give better
results than two later on.
Farmers who are careful to see that
the collars their horses wear are a
proper fit save the animals much un
necessary toiture.
"Weedy pastures make poor and bitter
butter. When a pasture is in a very
foul condition It should be plowed and
planted with some hood crop.
More than one farmer claims that a
littlo timothy or pure grass in the
clover greatly assists it to cure quickly.
Clover alono Is too full of juice, and
its thick stems dry out slowly.
There is no more soluble application
for an orchard than the dirt and chips
that accumulate around a wood-pile
and the leaf mold from the forest
spread upon the ground and plowoJ ir.
"Without sheep En lhh farmers
could not keep up the fertility of their
land. There are three sheep to four
acres kept in England, while Ameri
cans only average ono sheep to thirty
four acres.
Oate and bran are better for calves
than corn and bran, as tho former
produqo bone and muscle, which is
more desirable than 'osh. If tho oats
are not ground, stea..? or at least soak
them in scalding water.
A plan practiced In tho East for
getting rid of stumps Is. an old one.
It consists in boring holes in the top
and putting an ounce of saltpeter in
each hole, when this has become wet
and penetrated the wood tho stump is
sot on fire.
F. 1). Curtis, Saratoga county, New
York, says that tho beBt plan for Kill
ing Canada thistlos is seeding heavily
w ith clover and mowing it, and tho
be^t way to spread the posts is to put
tho land in hard crops. His argument
is that as every little broken joint
makes a new thistle and starts a now
bed, the less they are disturb ed tho
better, unless tho ground is plowed
so frequently that they cannot grow
at all.
Ringbone is quite a common defect
in horses, and often needlessly pro
duced. A veterinary authority Fays of
it: The great, majority of ringbones
in young horses come fr.un the failure
to shorten their toes. To this may bo
added that ringbone is apt to be formed
if o^ltsare allowed to stand on a plank
floor, or anywhere elso where tho foot
ing is hard, during the first eighteen
months of their age. Whether in
stablo or yard during this period, let
them have earth for standing or walk
ing, free from stone or gravel.
Newly sot fruit trees should not be
neglected. Tho first two or three
years are important ones in tho life of
a tree. It can then be sparingly
pruned in spring, summer, autumn or
winter. If the grower sees a branch
which needs the Knife he should attond
to it on the spot, no matter what the
Beason may be. Severing a slender
twig then may spare tho cutting of a
largo branch & few years later. The
earth should be kept tight about tho
base of a young. tree, And if it leans
too much it should be Btakod. ''As
the twig ia bent, so i* the tree in
clined."
W. F. Brown, in the Rural New
Yorker, nays: 1 find more profit from
the dows that oome in fresh in the fall
than from those that are fresh in the
spring. Not only does butter bring a
better price, but I think the cows give
more milk in ayear undor thin manage
ment, for just when they come to the
time when they would naturally begin
to shrink largely in their milk they go
on fresh pasture and increase the now,
while a cow that is fresh in the spring
1 eglns to shrink just at tho season of
failing pastures and the transition
from green to dry feed, and a great
falling off of milk is unavoidable.
One of tho bt st machines for spread
ing manure is an eadly made device
on whioh we loam there is no patent.
The devloe is similar in many respects
to a two-horso cart, with a row of
slats extending across tho bottom,
bolted together upon the principle of
an endless chain. The cart is loaded
at tho manure pile and drawn to the
field, which being leached tho gears
are brought together and the motion
of the latge wheals sets the bottom
mov.ng backward, allowing the
manure to be evenly distributed as the
vehicle moves over the land. There is
no question as to the value of this
dovico as a labor-saving implement.?
New lork Herald.
IloHKrliolrf HIM'*'
A rusted screw may be easily re
moved if heat Is applied to its head,
whioh may be readily done with a red
hot Jdt.hen poker.
If tho carpet needs freshening up
after tacking down, sweep and then
wipe with a flannel cloth, wrung out
of warm water w?th ox gall in it, in
tho proportion of one quart of gall to
three quarts of water. T.ie Improved
appearance of the carpet will amply
repay the troublo if this is done once
in nix week*,' as the rubbing raised the |
pile and freshens the colors.
Before paint or calclnflne is applied
to walls, every crevice should be filled
with plaster or cement. For the oal
oimino, nut a quarter of a pound of
white glue In cold water over night,
and heat gradually in the morning
until dissolved. . Mix eight pounds of
whiting with hot water, add the dis
solved glue, and stir together, adding
warm water until about the consist
ency of thlok cream. Uae a calcimine
brush, and finish as you go along. If
skim-milk is used ini-tead of water,
the glue may be omitted.
A great return for a small invest
ment is realized by purchasing a small
soldering outfit fora boy. He becomes
at once a useful member of the family;
old basins and pans become as new
after the transforming touch of his
soldering iron, nnd there are great
possibilities in tin cans, and small
pieces of tin; sugar sifters and funnels
are among tbem. I am convinced
tha*. lack of interesting occupation is
the prolific source of most bad habits
that an idle boy acquires; that parents
feel this, and many aro likely to fall
into the error of providing too many
finished playthings for them. It seems
thut the aim should be to give them
tools with which they may exercise
the imagination, and with which they
may conduct articles that do not yet
exist.?New York Eceninj Pout,
Senseless Extravagance.
The year Iroquois won tho Derby
thero burst upon the English botting
public the figure of a short, stout man
with a blondo inustacho, and dressed
in a blue Buit of clothes. This person
age was known in Now York as
" Walton, of tho St. James," but in
England ho was known as " Walton,
the Plunger," and that sobrioyet lias
stuck to him ever since. name
" Plunger," however, had been appro
priated long before Walton came on
the scene, and when used had gener. lly
reference to the Marquis of Hastings,
more familiarly known on the raco
course as Little Markis, and somo of
his ??plunges" a'ong ide of Walton's
make tho latter sink into insignifi
cance.
When the marquis came into his
property, on the death < f his father,
the famous Lord Hasting*, governor
general of India, he at once b gan to
mako himself famous I y a succession
of the most reckless and sensoLoss bets
that over man made. Iiis escapade\
were the talk of tho town, nnd one of
his best known was his running off
with tho lady who wj s engaged to bo
married to Mr. Chaplin, who then and
there took an oath to ruin him, which
was iulilled when hi* horse, tho
famous Hermit, won tho Derby for
him in a snow-it >rm, and lo*t Lord
Hastings over $700,000 in bets alone,
lie had another bad day when Lady
Elizabeth, tho h tto t favorite that
ever started for tho Derby, barring
Macgregor, wont amiss during the
race, and was headed by Sir Joseph
Hawley's Bluegown. He did not
always lose, though, and many a timo
ho made tho ring jump and the chips tly
by winning about fifty th usand dollars
in bets on some overnight selling race.
Taking his turf career all around, it
was rather successful than otnerwise,
and it was outside of the turf, in wild
bets and r.ckless extravagance, that
ho ruined himself. Ho once bet a
man $25,000 to #500 that he
would spend $25,000 in ono day, and
that he wouldn't eat it, drink it, give it
away, or gamble it, and that ho would
have nothing to show for it afterward.
Ho wont und hired special trains and
sent them fiying a'l over the country.
He won his $5U0. but it co.t him $25,
OoO to enable him t > do so. He asked
some friends down to his country seat,
and got up a raiload collision for their
amusement. He h id a special switch
laid off tho main track, and then two
engines, with a car at adied, were
started in opposito directions. Of
course, tho engineers jumped off after
they wero started. Tho young Duko
of Hamilton was another boy of the
samo kidney, and a favorite amuse
ment of theirs on a hot day in tho
country was to lie under a haystack
and draw straws out for $5,000 a time.
No fortune in tho world could stand
that racket long, and he never held up
his head after that fatnl day on Epsom
downs, whon Hermit romped in.
Every penny was j aid on tho Monday
morning, but almost unheard of sacri
fices were made in order to get the
money in time. Shortly after this tho
health of tho Little Markis broke
down, and tho most famous ?? Plun
ger" of modern days died of consump
tion at tho early age of twenty-six.
A Wonderful Tree.
The mahwa treo is dt a ribod as a
fountain yielding food, wino and oil to
in habitant a of the country where it
grows. This tree grows in tlio plains
and forests of Bengal, and attains a
height of forty or fifty feet, with
numerous spreading branches, form
ing a close, shady, rounded crown.
Standing on tho Khara'tpoor hill*, 210
miles northwest of Calcutta, a hundred
thousand of tho trees are visible in the
plains below. 'J hoy* might ba mis
taken for tho mango, but while the
mango is un erta'n in its yield, the
oropofthe mahwa never falls. Tho
part eaten is ti e flowers, which aro
sweet tasting and succulent, and fall in
great profusion in Marvh and April.
The natives colloct these,dry them and
storo them as staplo articles of -food.
Each treo yields two or three hundred
weight of thecorrollas, so that the total
yield In the Monghyr district alone, it
is estimated, cannot fall short of 100,000
tons. The nourishment is good, for
the Banthals, who use it largely, are
plump and happy. The mahwa had
Its share in alleviating tho Indian fam
ine, and during the soarclty which pre
vailed at Mehar during the years 1878
and 1874, the crop, which wai unusu
ally abundant, kept thousands of poor
people from starvation. The flowers
are still more useful for feeling cattle,
and again the same recommendation
may be advanced that wl. te the potato,
maize and barley are uncerta n In their
crop, there has never been a season
when these edible corrollas have boon
known to fal\ Their keeping powers
are excellent; a ton. dried and put Into
sa^ks, was exported and, examined
After two years time, was found to do
undamaged. The treo furnishes a
hard and strong timber, used for car
riage wheels, etc. The so ds yield a
greenish, yellow oil used for burning
In lamps, making soap and for
ctillnary purposes. The (lowers, In ad
dition to their use ae food, are now
largely employed in the distillation of
a strong smelling spirit resembling
whisky, and which Is consumed In
great quantities by the natives. This
liquor, when fresh*, proves very dele
terious to European*. Tho ma'iwa is
considered by the Hhcels as essential to
theli1 very existence, and this fa -t is
taken auvant&go of by tho govern
ment In dealing with refractory tribes;
it is only necessary to threaten the de
struction of their mahwa trees to bring
themtosubmlsslon. Homeof the Eng
lish papers believe that there Is a pos
sible commercial future for the eco
nomic products of this treo, cspecla'ly
for its oil, which is said to bo worth
one hundred and seventy-five dollars
per ton In India.
The population of Washington city
proper Is 547,298; of Georgetown, 12,
578; of the county, 17,758. Total of
the district, 187,6524. Tho number of
houses is 29,179, into 21,179 of which
water Is Introduced.
The Income, of tho Church of Enjr
land Is put at $211,625,000.
NEW ABBIYALS
W. o. GERALD'S
OLD CORNKR STORK.
I hara return ad from market, whara I
purchaaadfa h ear y> took of all
Kinds ' of Goods,
At Una Tory loweat-tf rioaa, Mid I intend to
give my customers the benefit of mr low
pi load purohaaea. My a took oonalata ol
*?
Fall and Winter Dry Cooda.
Notions, Hosiery, &o.
The beat make and la teat at; lea of
Boots and Shoes. ClotUu, Hats, &c.
GROCERIES I
In Qroceriea I bare aa flbe a (took aa oan be
?ecu In town.
HARDWARE!
For Plantation, Gat den and Household uae.
Full line ot Saddlery and Harness. In fact,
1 Uavo got almost anything yon oan oall lor,
i ml am determined to sell
CHEAP FOR CASH.
Call before yon buy elsewhere, Bagging and
The alwaya on band. Highest prioo* paid for
l otion In oaah. W. 0. GERALD,
At ih? Old Oorijiff Btore.
Remodeled and Newly Fornished,
LATHAM HOUSE,
OAMDEN. S. C.
Transient Board $2.00 Per Day.
Ample aooommodatlona. Tablea anpplia
with tne best the market affords. Every ad
tentlonpald to tbe comfort of guosts.
Connected with the Honae la a flrst-claes
BAR, whioh la ord?rly kopt.
Hack to aud from the depot. Fare 26 oenta
each way.
Feed and Llrery Stable on promises.
8. B. LATHAM, PBopairroa.
W. CLYBUHN,
General Insurance Agent
And Cotton Buyer.
Removed to his old ataid at ClYbnrn's Block
Will pay the highest prioe for Cotton and bu.
eiore freely than erer before.
0W My oonntry friands will plaaae gira
?e a oal.. angl7-tf.
PRICES REDUCED.
ROBERT D. WHITE,
MARBLE i GRANITE WUKKS.
PLANS FURNISHED.
Mooting Street oor. Rorlbcck'a Alloy
nnglB-yl. CHARLESTON. B. C.
A. R. THOMLINSON
Manufacturer of
HARNESS, of Every Doacription,
SADDLES, BRIDLES, Etc
IVloC. SADDLES,
NEW AND OLD.
Importer of English "liaddlee, Steel Bits,
Bpurs, Mtlrrnpa, Eta
Factory ana snloaroom 187 Mooting St.,
Sopt 1-ly. CHARLESTON, a C,
jy/pTALS,
IRON, BAGS,
BOPE, COTTON
HIDES, SKINS,
WOOI.,WAX, FURS
ALD BINDS OF PATER STOCK, Ac.
IT Wo &ro paying the Highest Cash Prices.
MOSE8 GOLD8MITH & SONS,
augl8-l* . P. O. Box l'f
J.O. ROXaLXNG-S,
Brown Cotton Gins
Wlnnehlp Cotton Cln
With Feeders and Condensers
OT^| \ExOIHB'S, I
IomZM. Jnoivm,
MokaSI. Jnoiin*,
Bjukkxb & Wood ExoiHna,
Boss Ootto* Pum,
BcuomuD Oottok Pum,
PivDixt Ootto* Pkui,
Oobx and Wukat Mills,
Saw Mills,
Biuurrma a.kd Fullstb,
And all kinds of mackinery. Bo rare to oall
and see my priooa bofuro purchasing any kind
of machinery. J. a ROLLINGS,
Oasujkv. H. 0.
Wagonsand Uaggies
HARNESS, ETC.
The undersigned respectfully calls atten
tion to tho large stock oi 1, 2, 3 and 4 borae
wagons, tingle and double buggies, open and
too bungles, wagon and buggy harncas, ete.,
which he now has on hand, aud whioh he is *
selling at living prices?so low M to ensure
Ikrgo sal< a. Handliiig tbe heavy atock I do,
I e*n afford to sell at & small profit.
REPAIRING
In all its branohes promptly and satisfactorily
exeouted by oompetoot workmon.
HORSE SHOEING
A specialty. Give me a oall. M. A. METTB.
aep7-lyr
OLD (1053) ESTABLISHED
Charleston Ice-House,
ALVA, GAGE & CO.,
Markot, cor. Church St, Charleston, 8. C.
Import*? and Shippers, Wholesale and Retail
''oalora in
ICE.
loo packed for the oountry a specialty.
Ico by tho car-load at spocial ratoe.
Waverly House,
Charleston, S. C.,
GEORGE T. ALFORD, .... Manaptr
n..tca $2 and 12.50 per Day.
This favorlto Family Houso, under Its new
management, is rooorximuudod for tho exoel.
lonco of Ha cuisine and homo-like comfort?.
Its airy and well ventilated rooms have last
boon nowly carpeted and elegantly ftimished.
w *. ouni. ?. a. own.
OH A FEB & O'BRIEN,
Wholesale GKrooore
205 East Bay St,
Charitttoiii %- C.
Ageau for Baton's PrMOlomTr?at?a OrMk>
en. ang 19-Iy
WOLBERN & PIEPER,;
Wholesale Grocers
And Dealers In
Provisions, Liquors, Tobacco Ac.
and 199 EAST BAY,
I
ang lt-ly CHARLESTON, 8. a
DR. T. BERWICK LEGARIV
DENTIST,
Graduate of tho Baltimore College of
Dental Surgery.
OFFIC'K?IIKILILB flOUNK*
Entrance on IJroad Btroot.
FOUNDRY, 60x214 Feet. MACHINE SHOP, 50*250 Feet. BOILER SHOP, *0x120 Feat.
GEORGE Ft. LOMBARD & CJO.
Foundry, Maoliine and Hoilnr Works,
.-ugrixs?-t?a>9 - Greorgia?
BUILDERS OP Engine# and Boilers, 8aw Mills, Grist Mills, And all kind \ of Mill maoki"
nery of the lato.t Implored styles. Shafting, Han ft ore, Pullovi", Gearing and Journal Boxaa.
Wo havo a large assortment of Pattern#, Sugar Rollers and Gin Grarlng.
DEALERS IN Engine and Mill Supples, Circular Sawn, Fllns, Oawsuri, Swages, QIoIm
Obeok and Safety Valro?, Whlstlos, Ganges, S urn Pipo and Fittings. Rabbet metal from V
to40oonls. Bolting, Laoing, Rubber, Hemp, Ko vpstono anil Asbestos Packing, Oil, and CHI
Onps, Wroncho, B?\i?:y Wheels, oto.
AGENTS l'OR Eclip?e Double Turbine Wlucl, Koiting's Universal Injootors, the b?ai
mado. Brad!?? ul Mill Co'a. Portable Mills. Nordyk? <fc Marmon Oo.'s Plantation Oo~n and
Feed Mills. Alla#Engino Works and Erie City Iron Works, Portablo and Stationery Engine*.'
Kunkle's Pop Bafety "aires. Oloud Oreek Mill Rooks.
40r Iron and Brass Castings, and all kinds of Repa'rs promptly dono. We oast erary day,
and are working about one iiundrod haudx
00NGAREE IRON WORKS,
COLUMBIA, BOUTH CAROLINA.
I M L' ix v , V !?: I >
CIRCULAR SAW MILLS.
f
SIMPLE, CHE \ P AND DUTUHLE.
W? the eelebrtted Frlotion Food ou all ourHiw M ll?, Wo uae the retj
Mt material in their oonatrnotion, and *p?ro uoither labor nor orp^nse to r?D
l? them M SMtf perfect m possible. Wo warraut All our work to ?e well made
and of good material. We would like if you would oomparo the following figure*
With those of other manufacturer* and see if we do not toll you a bettor And Urge*
Bftw Mill ftt mu flgnrest
PRIOHH,
Mo. 1 Mill, With 86 Inches,Saw, 16 feet oerrlag* 9275 61
??1 " " 88 ?? 18 " 286 06
w B ?? X* 40 " 20 ?? 800 06
? ft " " 84 " 20 " 826 00
?? 8 ?? ?? 46 " 20 " 860.00
"8 " " 48 ?? 24 ?? 876 0#
" 4 " ? 60 ?? 24 " 400 06
" 4 ?? M 62 " 24 " 426.0#
Extra Carriage, 88.00 pot foot. The al>o?i* mills <v?n>i I. ir 1 ? m\in l>oit,
Deol? 1 y JOHN ALPX VNDF.R P oprieto
WILSON, 0HILDS & CO., |
PHILADELPHIA WAGON WORKS.]
PHIIjAU ' IjX'II CA. t>a.,
9
I
*Mio?Aorrnn*ft 01 alu ktivm ov
Plantation, Oity, Freight. BnaixiMS, BzpraM
SHUN'i NVAOOXS,
TKUCKR. DBATH.OABTrt. TiMhKH WttKlASU '.VMftKbnAllROI