The Camden weekly journal. [volume] (Camden, South-Carolina) 1853-1861, February 28, 1860, Image 1
..VOLUME XXI. . CftMDEN, SOUTH-CAROLINA, TUBSBAY MORNINO, FEBRUARY M, I860. ^ .
CHESS COLUMN
OF TUB
CkBTDEN JOURNAL.
\vicTuesday, February 28, 1860.
i?ROBlEir NO. !?>' BY "LAI" OF CHARLESTON,
C.
i--.v ' * <
BLACK.
' vMk- ilff
' WHITE.
"Whito to play, and "Checkmate in four moves.
Solution to Problem I*?. I?,
- . wihtb. i black.
Kt. to K. R. 3. ; 1. P. moves.
. 2- Kt.. to 1L Kt: sqr. 2. P. tikes Kt. & Queens.
3. B. to K. sqr. 3. Anything. ,
4. Kt. to Q. Kt 6, mate.
r. Cmitiitii 'IDrckltj SouninL
' 1 U . . - w ... - .
Tuesday, February 28, IS GO.
ij. W. CAiJL/, Associate Editor.
Anniversary elebratlon.
* On Wednesday last, tlio Camden Light Infantry
^ -celebrated.the Fifth Anniversary oftheiForganization,
: and the one hundred and twenty-eighth birth-day of
"Washixotos, in a most interesting and pleasant mannfi-a
Kn.^v^j M t**5l eri iww*r*^sr. .
tncr. 1 . . :
The carlv part of the morning was exceedingly un
* * I* "propitious for the occasion, but towards the liour of
parade the dbtrfs were dissipated and a most brilliant
sun appeared, which removed the apprehensions of inHf
-tfsrference.frptn.:hetbreatcning elements."
Xbc Company nssemoiea at rncir renuezvous in
jjoodlyituml^ni formed line and marched through
v Broa&street lo the old Magazine Hill, where they un derwent
a drill o^lialf an hour. The drilling concluded,
Hrey repaired-to the Target ground selected, in rear of
the old Coexwailis House, where a spirited contest
. took place" for the handsome prizes provided for the
occasion, consistiugof nbeautiful Silver Goblet a Silver
*' CuPt and toe annual, prizes?a Plume and McdnL. *
The dlntrp, clear'ring of the rifles had just ceased*
when our very considerate commander, J, D. Kexxe,^
br, antonhced th.e arrival and readiness of appropriate
^ refreshments. Tho zest with which those present entered,
into tlie scramble for the ^loaves and fi>ha,y is
^ *. the best cvidcncoof a heat Iy appreciation of this verv
aMMiutblejtrovmion.
The interesting exercises on the target ground being
Concluded, tiio .Company was re-formed, and, preceded
by. a well riddled target, and tho enlivening strains of
^ ^jj^^tothclsncgcssfid marfamen'
" 1st.' Prize.?.Best nvestige shot?Silver Goblet?
Private K. K. Situ
, 2d. Prize.?Second best average shot?Silver Cup?
PrJ, ?t? : Currrr
3d. Prizo.-^IliirJ best average shot?Company Med
si?Private J. E. IIixsox. , .
Mi Prize.?Fourth best average shot?Company
Plume?Private Joseph Goodale.
Tlie Company was then dismissed until half-past 8
o'clock, P. if., at which hour it was announced a supper
would be spread at the Mansion House, for the en*
tcrtainment of the honorary and active members of the
Corps. i
S v <m- Tko.appointed hour arrived, and with it some sixty
members of the Company, in full feather for the enjoynjeut
of this last, but by no means least interesting
feature Of the very full programme of the day.
the scl'per
^ . Was decidedly in advance of any .similar festivity
j enjoyed by us for a great while; indeed, we have no
/ recollection of ever witnessing a better public supper
in the town of Cauulcn. lhere was a profusion of the
choicest viands and dclicaci>.*s of the-scc.son^scn-ed up
in good style, with tasteful decorations, and everything
in most admirable order. In short, it was unanimously
agreed that, friend Robinson" and hi* very tasteful and
discriminating "better half," toaajjicr with tho- assis9
tanee "brought to bear on thiiPwccasion. had more
than equalled Alio high expectations of the most sanguine?thov
had out-done themselves.
At the conclusion of the supper exorcises, the toasting.
commenced. Capt. Jxo. 1). ifesxedy, assisted
by Lieut. W. Z. Leitxeu, announced the following
recclau toasts.
1." WarftinytoirT #
Adjutant J. M. Davis, of the 22d Regiment, was
called out in response, who promptly replied in a graceful
and appropriate address of a few minutes, dwelling,
as was most appropriate to tho occasion, on the cluiracter
of Washington" as a soldier and warrior. He was
r warmly applauded.
2. A Southern Confederacy.-.?The only hope of the
South.
"We regarded the response of W. M. Shannon", Esq.,
who was called for, as a most capital effort?perhaps
the bc&t off hand shot which wo have ever heard him
make on similar occasions.
lie reiterated the sentiment with emphasis and de
clared as his deliberate and settled conviction that such
' an event was our last and only hope. But he thought
tho apathy manifested by Virginia and other of the
Southern or slave States was most unfortunate and disparaging,
and he tffiuld not but feel at times gloomy
forebodings for tho future* The eloquent and stirring
, yetnarks of Mr Shannon were warmly applauded.
p. Tip Reformation of Militia System.
r-C'ol. J. I!. Kershaw was called for in response to
.this toast Acceding in his usual graceful manner.
Col. K.. stated that ho might entertain tho assembly
?J?I? subject until "the wee sm.T*hoiirs nyant the
; i fWal.-' Hv< wwdd however bo brief. A portion ofliis
P Remarks fravfired strongly of a thirst for action, and
fcxhibitc(J u i4^))niC'udab]o and patriotic foresight that
.would prepare thC.South for the inevitable conflict
which must take fflaeo between the two sections of the
hSS confederal. He had hoped that the Legislature ofour
-j Stato would have embraced the occasion presented at
its late session (or a roformation of the militia system.
W~ Regarded the condition of our defences as deplorable?
I 4 aye. almost disgraceful. Had his hopes been realized.
'I woidd. in all probability, have devoted himself for a
few years more to the military interests of his District >
- : 1 9 * and State, lie felt it n duly to give place to younger |
men, and spoke in a most favomhlo measure of his*;
' 1'!^^ successor in command; did not eousole himself with '
the idea of attaining ease. lie charged a want of com- '
||jr< potency among those who attempt tlio command and i
s&ffBp instruction of tic militia as a general truth, but warmly
DB0 eulogized the undeniable fact of the existence of the
~ roost undoubted elements of courage and patriotism in
the yeomanry ofliis District, had seen it fully manifested
pn ocAsions well calculated to develop? these clinracif'i.Y
tcristics. He regarded the State ft justly charged with 1
tf' the responsibility ot educating her citizens in the use and
B ' ""** application of all the appliauecs of modern warfare.
K' His remarks upon the whole were particularly apposite,
ond elicited the hearty cheers of his former eompauions '
4. The Constitution of die United Slates.?Embodying
the wisdom of a noble ancestry; by the encroachments
of fanaticism it has failed to answer the purposes
of its conception.
Capt. J.-D. Kennedy was called out in response,
and well did he acquit himself. He compressed his
remarks upon this very voluminous subject iuto a nutshell
of truths that were perceptible to everyone whose
mind was not entirely closed to conviction. He spoke
in most respectful measure of the unchallenged patriotism
and honesty of purpose which actuated the framers
of this noble old document It calmed the contention
and disorder existing in ouy country prior to its auopUon,
and evinced the most comprehensive elements of
wisdom in its composition. Great and powerful parties
had risen upon its principles. Despite the wisdom
of its construction and the advocacy of it by the
penetrating disquisition of statcmen, ho "annouueed
his conviction that, the corruption and tricksters of
part}- encroachment had prostituted jjs capacity of
government as touching the control of thq practical
operations of its great fundamental principles. This
innovation upon the firm and well based principles of
our patriotic ancestry, had led to the most disgraceful
and unendurable imposition and aggression of the
N?rth upon the South. Regarded the South as so effectually
swindled out of her constitutional rights and
privileges,'that a battle of the Constitution did not pre
SL'HL 11SUU IU mill ua WVCUlij; UIC UVIU VI uvuvii "V.WWO
sary to secure the complete salvation of the South from
the settTed hostility of an ascendant Northern opposition.
He honestly and boldly proclaimed dissolution
as theonly remedy calculated to check "the encroachments
upon the institutions of the South, and would
cerry the Constitution with us as our ark of safety.
His renrryks carried wit(j them an element of impression
and conviction which penetrated the flimsy
veil with which sanguine Union-savers attempt to conceal
the festering wound'of our federal compact, which
sooner or later must burst in a felt reality upon this
country, and urged upon the South an early preparatherefor.
He closed amid the hearty response of spirited
cheering from those present
5. South Ca rolina I rails with pleasure, tiro action of
Alabama and Mississippi,,as an earnest of Southern Independence.
Col. T. J. "Waeuex was called out, who sard in substance:?
"In responding to this serrtinren^ I am sure, Mr.
President, that I would liiil to do Justice to the oeca
1-.J .1 ?oe?.r,Kl,- ,r r imninnori
SlUIi iUJU WHO pauiuuaiu Wi uuo uc^.uvu,
for a momeut that tlicre was one around this festiveboard
who did not hail with pleasurable emotions, the
action of Alabama and Mississippi, as an earnest of
Southern Independence. It is refreshing in these days
of political degeneruey, to meet ?\vith those who arc
ready for action?willing to face the nmsic and toe the
mark. The time for preambles and general resolves
is past, and if. we mean ever to do any tiling in sustaining
our constitutional rights and equality in the Un on,
or indqiendeneb" out of it, now is the time to act.?
South Carolina had modestly, but nobly offered her
services to an elder sister, whose domain had been invaded
by the foe's polluting tread, and whoso classic
soil had been rebapti^l with the blood of her own
peaceable, unoffending citizens. We mot' be accused
as a State of some strange inconsistencies; but, sir,
.our impulses are noble and limits generous, and oftcu
lean to virtue's side: and he is a base and contempt:
ble libeller who dares impugn the motive or question
the sincerity of South Carolina in lier recent preposition
to the Southern States, and offer of assistance to
Virginia. The movement was wise, patriotic and opportune.
"Should, however, as likely she will, Virginia refuse
co-operation,-and the counsels of speculating political
wire-pullers prevail, and the proud old Dominion is degraded
to the vilest submission, be it so ; U|>on her
-own-head will rest, most fearfully, the responsibility
and consequcnccs.of rejected counsels. But. vre must
Ihop^orbetterthings from tho mother of States, and of
?pjj^htionTs; tKi I I'll JI11 .J / rJlle delegates fuvorT"
Southern. Convention, and.resolutions have been adopted'favoring
South Carolina's proposition for a Conference
"of the Southern, or slave States;
"But, gentlemen, you- will perceive that this movement
has originated in a m?? meeting of Unpeople.?
Here wc must look for the inauguration of a new and
practical movement; yen, from die people. ]f we wait
.for our so-styled leaders to move, wo"may expect to
wait forever.
"Geutteuien, if this Union is ever dissolved, and a
Southern government established, it will never bo
through the agency of old fogyism in power, and the
reason is obvious. The dnwniug of such an event
would he the signal for their political sun to so' in a
most inglorious obscuration?and so nioto it be.
"Wo can make no calculation upon Virginia?her
leaders are all too Hive for us, and we must look Soutji
of her, and to Alabama, Mississippi, nud others of our
natural allies, for co-operation and assistance.
"Lo; these gallant and noble Conmiomvenlths march
up to the mark, and South Carolina will be there; aye,
more than willing, at the lirst tap or the drum?and
tap it herself?to have "a place in the picture,"- even
near the flushing of the guns." Young soldiers, you
are the hope of the country: upon your slalwsirt amis
must she lean for protection. Be nerved for the strife,
aud let jcacli be prepared to take his share of the responsibility.
I am ready now, and uuwilling to leave
to posterity, tiie penormanee 01 so grave a utity.
' Tliey who would be free,
Tliemtelvcs must strike the blow." ,
These remarks during theft* delivery, at intervals
were enthusiastically applauded.
At this stage of the proceedings a most interesting
and impressive feature was introduced,
the swoud presentation".
In accordance with their appointment, tho Committee
selected had secured, in behalf of tho Light Infantry,
n very handsome Gilt Sword, as a testimonial
to the worth and services of Ex-Captain J. B. Kershaw,
who has but recently severed his connection as
commander of this spirited corps. I.ieut. \V. Z. Leit
nek. presenting the Sword, m belialt ol the Company,
said:?
Captain Kershaw:?
It is a trite saying that. "Republics are ungrateful:-'
however this may be., as illustrated by the 'ancient
commonwealths, it is untrue, philosophically considered.
Government is hut the creature of the governed, and,
of necessity nothing more nor less than a mere representative
oT their corresponding virtues and. vices.?
This is strikingly evidenced from the revolutions and
changes coutinually occurring in all social organisms.
Therefore, it is a misconception of the true
origin and nature of government to suppose that cither
one or another form, irrespective of the character and
condition of the people, will inevitably produce certain
predicted results. This granted, may I not safely affirm
that Repubh'es based like ours, upon the wisdom
of a virtuous an I intelligent ancestry, reflex a refined
species of civilisation, among the chief excellencies of
which are. first, the appreciation, nnd next, the rewarding
of meri*. Indeed, this sentiment is the common
birth-right of Americans. In obedience to it, tiie Cammix
Light Infantry, your honored old Company, ail
of whom have felt the friendly grasp of your hand
and the warm throbbiugs of your generous nature,
have delegated me, one of their number, in their name
and behalf, to present you with tliis beautiful Sword.
Accept it, we pray you. as it is intended?not in the
light of a reward commensurate with the services you
have rendered us, (you have this iu our good opinions
and in your own worthy example) lnit rather as a testimonial
01 that reward.
And here let me add that, independent of the heartfelt
gratitude which inhanees the offering, you should
prize it greatly Because it connects you. by association,
back to him whose .birth we are now celebrating. Sir,
the memory of washington" is capable, at all times, of
arousing intensely me most uotmmi asptnutona 01 me
soul, and that, brightened continually by the presence
of the gift will doubly nerve your arm. All honor to
his glorious name'. Ho was and is a mighty principle,
the complete triumph of which can only he limited in
a long succession of ages by the universal establishment
of free principles, and the entire political diseuthnilmciit
of mankind. Go, sir! imitate his patriotism
and his virtues, and. should your native State at any
time hence require your services on the tented field,
buckle on iha'Wswnrd. ami under the inspiration of his
great name, wear it nobly?not as the jewel drooping
on the bosom of beauty, a mere conventional exhibition
of taste, but, as your guardian and inspircr?your
guardian wheu foes assail?your inspircr as it gleams
on the field of buttle, to great and heroic achievement.
And, when you draw it, if draw it you must, in defence
of your section, we bid you. in imitation of the "Father
of his Country," never sheath it until your home and
your household gods bo redeemed.
Capt. Kkhsiiaw rendered, in his usual felicitous and
impressive manner, the following appropriate
RESPONSE.
Liect. Lkitxeu asp (textlkmkx of
, _ tjiie Camden j.ioiit IXFANTltV:
It is impossiii)e P> express the pyofujtnu emotions of
grateful feeling which this, lityioVibJjfc testimonial of
your,approbation an<l ostec-tu liave kindled within mo.
Conceived in tiie spirit of fraternal - kindne-s executed
in consummate taste, conveyed in terms most generous,
and in a manner most appropriate, nothing is wanting
to complete the harmonies of this graceful tribute to a
friend and companion in arms, whoso good fortune it
has been to win your kindly approval. I shall eiierisb
the recollection of this occasion with feelings of grateful
pride, and transmit to my posterity this most valued
emblem of your generous regard as au heir-loom
which may sorve to stimulate to noble and patriotic
effort, and an elevated ambition.
In selecting as the fitting instrument to give expression
to your sentiments, this trusty weapon, you imve
rightly conceived the principles which actuate me.:?
More than twenty years of service in the State Militia,
have not robbed ray arm of whatever capacity it may
have had to wield a sword, nor my heart of its enthusiastic
devotion to the Military gl >ry of South Carolina.
In now retiring from active duty, after having borne
the commission of the Suite for eighteen years continuouslv.
I have never vet dreamed of indulging in
the repose of an inglorious case and inactivity in the
future. Should the Palmetto Banner ever woo tlio
breezes of the battle field?when that day comes, Gentlemen,
as coine it must., if it be in tny day, and my
country has any place beneath its folds for this flashing
steel, it shall yet wave on the gallant sons of old
Kershaw to noble achievements. And, should it come
when tjiof lod of tho valley shall rest ppon this mortal
frame, I trust it shall never Want a place to illustrate
the fame of its gallant donors, so lottg as one drop of
my blood shall pulsate in a manly heart
No, Gentlemen; no love of ease, no reluctance to
serve the State, even in 'these dull piping times of
peace," induced me to retire from the commando!'your
company. It was fitting that I should give place to
younger men, and I recognized in my successor, young. gallant,
talented hnd enthusiastic, those high principles
of the gentleman and the soldier, which it has
ever been my endeavor to inculcate, and which I am
proud to say, have ever characterized the Camden
Light Infantry. Had it -pleased the State to adopt
any-efficient system of Military instruction, it was my
purpose to devote some years more of the life which
Providence may have in store for me, to the Militia of
old Kershaw. And, I do not now say. Gentlemen,
that this handsome gift of yours may not yet adorn
sonic Militia pageant, should our citizen soldiery yet
be ufibrded an opportunity of placing* thcffiselves in a
state of tolerable efficiency.
I come now, Gentlemen, to the only painful episode
in this pleasing ceremonial. It had been my intention
to take no formal leave of you as a company. I
feared to trust myself to give utterance to the word
which severs our connection. My sensibilities arc
either too strong or too weak for such an occasion.?
With me, this association has been no holiday rccrea
uuii| uu uutu lor iihj gruiyicuuuii ui u l**"/ > .nuij
\Vhicli rejoices in the admiration of wouderinjr school
boys and Raping idlers. It lias been an honest, earnest
effort to perform a patriotic duty, than which, in
my judgment, there arc lew higher, whatever may be
thought of it by lazy citizens and luxurious gentlemen,
who, upon some pretext or other, generally manage
to avoid it. I mean the duty of learning the art which
protects our altars and our fire&
In tiiis sincere effort, on my* part, at times, some
word of irritation, or a too rigid exaction of some disagreeable
duty, may have grated harshly upon the
feelings of sonic one of you. Let it be buried in the
Lethean waters of oblivion, which flow from a sense
of human infirmity ; it was neyor meant.
For myself Gentlemen. I am prowl to declare that
no single reminiscence of a painful or unpleasant nature
lias impressed itself upon hiy mind during the
wholo course of our association.
Again, returning my heartfelt acknowledgment of
your noble kindness, I take my leave of you as a company,
with my heart's best wishes, for your future honor,
happiness and prosperity.
The impressive exercises of the sword presentation
over, the remainder of the regtilai toasts were read and
responded to in the following order:?
6: The storied dead of our own S'ute.
TV. L. DePass, Esq., was called out in response,
and, being a ready man, replied with liis usual promptness
and earnestness. Ho referred in clowintr terms
to the honored dead of our noble Common wealth, and
in a brilliant and effective speech demonstrated that no
Jtate of the Confederacy could boast of a greater nuraFootprints
on the sands of time."
/And appealing in an effective strain to young Caroliiw
to maintain our ancient prestige by udopting for
their imitation the noble csamplars wliieh we lmve had
in the formu and the field.
7. The Printing Pi ess. _
Mr. J. \V. Call was named in response, but excused
himself) reserving his contribution for another feature
of the occasion?the preparation of a report for the
Journal.
8. DkKald, Dickinson, Cantky, and Moffat.
The gentleman ''booked" for response to the above
noble theme being absent from indisposition,* AVii. 51.
Shannon, Esq., was called out, who. in a brief but
imprcssivoaUusion to the "bravo o!tl Baw>x," carried
ur back in imagination to "the times that tried men's
souls'" and to the stirring events of a struggle that cost
the life blood of so many like noble spirits. His allusion
to the two noble sons of Kershaw and the gallant
Scotsman, was particularly touching?it was the pure
offering of deserved tribute, by an early and intimate
associate, to the virtues of an entombed courage and
honor most signally manifested in the lives of this noble
trio.
9. Woman.?
Mr. JoilX T. Davis was announced as the respondent
to tins sentiment, which, we regret, the impersonation
of that most admirable trait in female character,
modesty, caused him to decline.
voi.uxtkkr toasts.
There were several volunteer sentiments, a very few
of which we have beer, able to secure in time tor publication
in this report. Wc give below those wo have
obtained:?
Isaac Rosseil?The Tunes of '70. mid the Abolitionists
of the present.?The same ditl'erenee exists as
between an Alligator and a .Crocodile.
A. Xilgs.?South Carolina may proudly boast of her
mniirrtinf In lior Slntcw. \lnli:itil!i find Mi*
sissippi, wln> have so liohl.v obeyed the call of their
native State to meet in consultation against their common
enemy, Northern aggression.
. The following "volunteer" was sent in, but inadvertantly
overlooked tit the table.
J. I^ITay.?The fJaip't's Ferry DcintnishaUnn.
?It proves the aggressive policy of the North, and
evidences no hope for the .Sotilh in the Union.
Lieut. tV. F. rmtttY, who was absent through indisposition.
sent in the following letter, which was read
at the table:?
Brot/fse 'Officers and Fellow-Soldiers of
i The Camden Liyhi Infantry;
Indisposition having prevented my participation
with you in vour exercises to-day and uniting with j
you aroumUhe festive hoard, permit me to oiler you
the following sentiment, in commemoration of one who
so justly wears the appellation of the ''Father of his j
Country:"?
, G'c?rf,c WiishinyUm?the Great and Gwd Man.?Tn
no instance has lie rendered his country a more important
service than in bequeathing to her future sons
ids great and good example.
W..F. PERKY.
Camden. February 22d. 1SC0.
What wiu. Kershaw do.?In ot:r articles
last week upon the railroad, wo stated that
oncpomngiirij accounts had been received from
portions of Kershaw District, and we doubted
not that the section abovg Camden would be
iitianimous'iu favor of the proposed road and
contribute material aid. Since then we have
been shown a letter from a gentleman of that
District, who authoiizes his name to be used
to the extent of Ten Thousand dollars.
LiiiicusU r Ledger.
Strike ok Shoemakers.?The strike amo'in*
the shoemakers uf Massachusetts has extended
I to every manufacturing town, ami tljc liiid
February is tlie Jay appointed for a general
suspension of work, - unless tliuir wages are
raised. A portion of the manufacturers have
either admitted the justice of their claims and
offered to conipromis, or expressed their willingness*
to co-operate, when there is any general
tendency among other manufacturers to unite
with them. Others oppose the movement, its
design, and the claims on which it is based.
.* -
'ITello, Bill, lend mc ftc dollars!'? You're
mistaken in yjur man, sir.' I'm not a five
dclhr mil."
COMMUNICATION.
A Peep Behind tlieCfsrtalus of an
Ambroiyj?pt.
But little more thnn t\ijj?ty years has pass"
cd since Dagucrrc first piyHshed his discover)to
the world, and yet w!? vast results have
spi uug from his rcscarchef?ifc|Jc laid the foundation
of the Ilcliograp ijs art, and others
building upon this founclJSjbn, have reared a
superstructure, the inunefoty and beauty of
whose proportions, challcn alike the admiration
of the Philosopher, $d the wonder of
the peasant.
Through its own intrinso merits^this beautiful
art has extended i^elf almost over the
whole habitable globe, bei-ing its beautiful offerings
to the houses of milims?entering alike
the humble dwelling of-tWpoor man, and the
..ntwi's.u nf tlu> rir?h;* We are ill 1 indebt
ed somewhat to it?and t its illustrious founder
: for, what heart is tlici s that does not owe
some emotion of pleasure- to that name who
laid the sun under coul ib.ution, compelling
him to produce?as in a moment?
images of beauty, for tlu Creation of which the
artist hitherto had to spffi-' so much toil and
persevering labor? WlWas lie bends over
tbc image of some deparCtfl friend or* relative,
and gazes upon tbose features, the shadow of
which, at least, have beeir rescued from decay,
does not bless the name.of Dagucrre and all
his followers. ,-&>
It is our purpose to ex^bin to some extent
how the Ainbrotypc?tlies Simplest, as well as
the most beautiful and useful creation of this
art?is produced. This s^ lc of "sun painting"
is so common that it j*' useless to go about
describing what it is,'for jjfflmost every one in
this happy country of o'^v, lias sat before the
camera, and rejoices possession of some
gem, dropped from its ^jrqlific hand. lint, it
| may be well to premise ybat it is a picture
most usually on glass, thefigu other substances
are frequently used, such *>.s iron, leather, paper,
Ac.; but with each change of material the ;
name also changes, though the process for j
producing them is precise: / .the same. Those i
pictures on iron being^called iielai no types; j
those on leather, Lea theni types; and those on j
paper, Ncillographs. Iri5 England, however, :
they arc all called CoHoflioirs ; the Mel.'linotypes
being called CoifcsUons on iron; the
Xcillogrnphs, Collodions tfrr -paper, and so for
the others. Collodion heiirg;rthe- base, or retaining
medium of tluj -sen'sitnte' coating by
which all pictures of thisy*jyle arc produced.
For the cntertainmcnt,,A'?T.the reader wo-willnow
take our seat by thd artist and-watch him
through the various inaWpnlations, l'roin the
cleaning'of the plate mitff- a fini^ieil picture
is produced, penetrating! into the secrets of
that mysterious "dark roojn." where, we imagined
in onr tuoro vcrdauv days, the artist retired
to'do sometbifigfwS'te picture,
by far too important to >Vc jerfornicd before
tbc vulgar gaze of the liiiitfijM!.
After the glass plate :isfjwe| Cleaned, which
is effected by scouring .It jwltl a mixture of
alcohol and rotten st^j^ve See our hero of
the three-legged instiwHir^iir over it (coating
it very evenly) a liquid, galled Collodion,
after which U -IV-ircs to the "dark
room" and ii)iiiierccsj^-IKt'c "l;atli." which is
a solution
llillw-tf Antra i
in this solution from two t<( five minutes, and f. !
thin film of bronio-iodide <jif silver will he de-1
sensitive to light, and by its exposure in the
camera to the concentrated rays of,light from
the desired Object, the picture is produced.?
The plate is now taken out of the "batli" and
placed in the tablet, or shield, and is ready for
exposure in the camera. Great care mn<t now
be used to prevent any liglft tjxnn striking the
plate, for the least raT~^wTntelight falling on
it would greatly injure if not entirely spoil'the
result.
We will pass over the arrangement of the
sitter, light, and exposure in the camera, as
every one .knows the manner of this, and will
go on to the next step, which is called "developing"
the picture. After exposure in the
camera, the plate is again taken to the "dark
room," removed from the tablet, and it presents
a white scmiopaquc nppearanc?, without the
least sign of an image-being visible, but on being
treated to a solution of sulphate of iron
(copperas), the image gradually appears as if
hv enchantment. This gradual appearance of
the picture is closely watched by the operator,
for on arresting it. at the proper moment depends
the beauty of the picture. When the
image is sullicicntlv plain, tlvc surface is tlior
' i?i ?:"'i- * Tin.
i miaui-'.i it nit M mu. luv ...
this state, is not clear and distinct, and it'exposed
to light for anv considersble time, would
idiicken and hecoine useless. In order to render
it clear and permanent, we submit it to the
next process, which is termed "fixing", and consists
in pouring over the plate a solution of
cyanide of potassium, which will fender it perfectly
clear and distinct. This solution then
must be washed thoroughly from the plate,
and the picture, after drying, is ready for the
finishing touches of [ho brush, which, in the
hands of a skilful artist, adds much to the
beauty of the picture.
Thus we have hastily sketched the outlines
of the ainbrutype. process, and although wo
have not entered into a scientific explanation
of all its minutiae ; yet we trust we have said
enough to give a pretty good idta of the man- i
tier they are produced; aud just here we would i
say, that if any one wishes to witness one of j
the most curious results of scientific chemical !
combinations, let them call on any photograph-;
ic or nmhrolypc artist and ask an c\plana- I
lion. Almost any artist .would take pleasure !
in giving such explanations. There is certain- j
| ly something very wonderful,_ahout the crea-!
! t ions of this beautiful art. The ravs of light !
1 ia.ii:.._ k.. ? i
I UJMll a RIVUII UUJUn I?UIIU- mi ,1 J i t. j'iii en Jimii;
| mysteriously stamps an accurate tlioii?r)i latent
| image tliere, which, tinder tlie treatment of t!ie
skilful artist, springs as if l?y magic into life "a
thing of beauty?a joy forever."
u 1 i.
That Cane.?We Innl the pleasure of inspecting
the handsome Palmetto cane, maim- |
| factum! by Messrs. CoopiT and Oailhcr, to he i
I presented to Mr. Edmuiulsnii, of Virginia. It
bears the following inscription: "Jlon. F. A.
j Kdiiiundson, from citizens of Colmnhin, 1800."
| It leaves by Adams' Express for Washington,
; there to lie presented to Mr. Edinumlson bv our
I immediate Representative, Hon. W. W. JJovce.
fiilumbia Guardian.
i Death ok Judge 0. II. Kenan.?Wc learn
from the Macon ((la.) Tiht/rnph, that lion.
Owen II. Kenan died at bis residence in Whitfield
County, on the 27th January, in the
seventy-fifth year of his age. He had filled
the office of Judge first in the Ocnmlgce. and
next in the Cherokee Circuit. During the
last years of his life lie retired from the bar
i and lived on his farm in Whitfield County.
!
New Ocrt-d Mink.?A new gold mine lias
just been opened on the plantation of Thomas
Harrington, Esq., Moore county, North Carolina.
Thti mine is located upon Lick Creek,
and the gold is found in the. soil on the face of"
: a hill, and down at its base, where it has been
washed by rains. There will probably be
( found a vien near the crest of the hill? when
proper im estimation is made. ? Chcraic Gozclte.
MI&CELIjANEOTJS. .
(Jor. Micks at2*I Hie Lt'giiiatarc.
A paragraph some days ago informed our
readers that the Legislature of Maryland passed . J
a resolution appointing a committee to ijiquire 1
as to the truth of the report that Gov,y?icks 1
had congratulated Speaker Penningtc'^^his !
election. It will be seen that he deel#..*'to 1
giv the information sought: 1
Executive Ciiamuer, [
Annapolis, February 15, 18G0. )
To the House of Delcyutes. ?gentlemen :?i ,
have been informed to-day by a cofhinittee of
your House that you adopted an order reciting ,
that?"WJicre^s "it appears iroin uie puouc
press of the country that the Governpr of Maryland
lias placed this State in a false position by
presenting his congratulations to Mr. Pennington,
of New Jersey, a Black Republican, upon
his election to the distinguished position of
Speaker of the House of Representatives, and ,
directing a committee, appointed by tlie Speaker,
to inquire of the Governor whether his con- ,
gratulations were presented at all, Snd if so,
whether privately or officially." ,
I cannot admit the right of the House of
Delegates to make such inquiry, and the respect
which, in my opinion, ought to be observed
by each department of the government
towards every-other, precludes me from return- I
iug any answer to such a message, other than
to acknowledge its receipt.
THOMAS II. HICKS.
* Virginia State Convention.
Richmond, Ya., February 17.
In the Democratic State Convention, late
last night, a resolution was adopted admitting :
members of the Legislature from unrepresented
counties to seats in the Convention.
To-day the proceedings were more orderly.
A resolution was introduced, stating the Hon.
Henry A. Wise was the first choice of the
people of Virginia, for the Presidency of the
United States. A substitute was submitted,
stating that the Democratic party of Virginia
would support the nominee of the Charleston
Convention, and also disclaiming any right to
itw!met. di'leifiitPS :rs to whom tllCV will
support at Charleston.
Another resolution of nearly the same tenor
was introduced, hut it was replete with sound
national patriotic sentiments.
These resolutions and amendments were discussed
at considerable length.
Richmond; February IS.
? 'The Convention was noisy and turbulent,
and nothing yet has been effected. The resolution
deeming it inexpedient to declare their
preference for a Presidential candidate was still
pending. The Convention took a recess until
4 o'clock.
second dispatch.
Richmond, February 20.
The. Convention adjourned on Saturday
night, but v.expressed 110 preference for the
Presidency. "The majority of the 'delegates
favorciTn general Southern Conference Mass
Meeting. The Convention subsequently adop-^
tcT resolution*
pro'ptfsilioii{Tor"if"Ciinlei'enie. (Jen. Starke, the
Mississippi Commissioner, (arrived in the eve
ning, and mW.lo a speech, which was grcatiy
cheered.
v.
Tlic Richmond IWuss Itleeliatg.
At the mass meeting which was organized
on Saturday night in Richmond at the African
Church, immediately after adjournment of the
Democratic State Convention, Col. Payne was
called to the chair.
Col. Payne, on taking the chair, reminded
the meeting that cloak of party had been thrown,
off, and that they had assembled as Virginians
If order could not l>c preserved m tiio Convention,
lie hoped, as citizens, they would set an c.\mnplc'
of decoruui that might be followed by
future Conventions. Jlc then announced his
readiness to proceed to business.
Col. S. f>. Paul, of 'Petersburg, after referring
to the importance of a Southern Convention,
and of Virginia's bciug there as a.conservative
element offered the following resolutions:
BrnoIrnl, That every suggestion of patriotism
and policy favors concerted State action.as a
incisure of security for Constitutional States
Rights,
JtexoHcil, ihrrcjh/'c, That thcGcneral Assembly
of Virginia should respond favorably to the
invitation of the State of South Carolina, com
municntcd i?v ncr commissioner in person, oy
tlic appointment of Commissioners to a United
Southern Conference.
The resolution were advocated l?y Messrs. F.
McMullen, 1'. II. Avlett R. I. Cocke, Cropper
of Norfolk, Julin Seddon, M. Isbell, Goode of
Bedford, Edmund KiiiHu, B. B. Wellford, and
Coo!:e?of Wythe, and adopted with great
unanimity.
We learn from the Dixpfch that the meeting
adjourned and those present repaired en masse
to the Exchange Hotel to pay their respect to
and welcome General J\ B. Starke, the commissioner
to Virginia from Mississippi, who
arrived in the city on Saturday. Col. W. W.
'l'ayne, on behalf of the meeting and the people
Gf Virginia, gave him a cordial welcome to the
State. Gen. Starke was received with voeiferous'ehecring.
lie said that he came as the
Commissioner from Mississippi?a daughter of
Virginia ?who wished to receive her counsel
and to be led by her instruction.?Mississippi
desired a conference of her siste^ Southern
Stales as a Union-saving measure instead of a
disunion measure. If the Black Republicans
of the North persist itwmllilying the provisions
of the'Fcdcral Constitution and trampling on
our rights, after first vainly appealing to the
Federal Government for redress,-we must seize
the Federal properly within our limits, ami compel
them by force to an observance of the
provisions of the Constitution and guaranteed
rights of the Southern. States.
The remarks of Gun. Starke were extremely
eloquent, and drew forth deafening applause
from the multitude assembled in front of the
hotel.
The Legislature have not*yet taken any
action upon the Report of the joint Committee.
e Southern Gourd inn.
Itinerant Salesmen*.?We arerequested by
the Deputy Treasurer of the Upper Division to
; say : That lie lias sent out with the "Acts ami
I Resolutions" of the last Session the necessary
Ulaiik h'rc'?t)Hirii</tiliniis}\\\<\ linmh for Itinerant
Salesmen, as well as several copies of the Acts
of 1839 in reference to their duty, all of which
will be found with the Clerks of Court at the
ditl'ereut Court Houses.
Will the Press of the Upper Division extend
this notice.?So. Guardian.
Pr.kfieu), Ga., February 17.?At 11 o'clock
last night oceuired a destructive fire here,
nr:rrin:itiii?T in tlio wood work* of Mr. Ruvdcn.
i and extending to "several adjacent building*.
1 For a while excitement and contusion were
intense,the college buildings ofMcrcer University
being ne^r by, and a breeze blowing favorably
for its-destruction. Loss of Mr. Harden uncertain
yet, but known to be considerable, and
bis insurance only partial.
Augusta Constitutionalist. \
?o5iit Resolutions oi itie itc.\a> iL.v%inlatnri'
concerning; Federal Relations.
1st. Be it resolved by the Legislature of the
State of Tcx(&, That giving to the resolution
cf the General Assembly of the State of South
Carolina, touching Federal Relations, communicated
by order of that Assembly, to this State,
Lhu respectful and earnest consideration, which
a communication from one sovereignty to
another.demand: and giving a like respectful
consideration to the views of the Governor of
this State, expressed in his -message, transmitting
to this body said resolutions; and further
considering, solemnly, and with a view to our
rosnonsibilitv. under the State and Federal
Constitutions, and to the people from whom
we derive power, the general' subject thus
presented to us, involving results so momentous
to this confederacy, and to cach'bf its sovereign
members, this Legislature unequivocally declare*:
That the system of government, instituted by
onr States and Federal Constitutions, is the
wisest in its principles ever devised by -men :
and in its orgnnisnr the most efficient for the
attainment of the objects of its creation for the
establishment of, and giving security to, political
liberty, and the protection of persons and
property:
That it is our firm resolution to maintain
and defend the Constitution of the United
States, which "is the cement of the Union, as
well in its limitations and reservation as in.its
authorities aiyi powers, and
To support the Constitution of the State,
and tg require that the rights, authoritics'and
powers, existing iu, and reserved to this State
and the people thereof, be respected, they being
eqiftlly, incorporated with, and essential to, the
success of the general system, and the surest
bufwark against anti republican tendencies;
and
That consitcntly with the foregoing, it is our
fixed determination to adhere to and support
the Union of these confederate States, and to
defend the same from all aggressions.
2. Regarding the Union, upon the principles
of the Constitution, as an unmixed blessing,
and its preservation upon those principles, as
the highest duty of the State and the people
thereof, we deem it our duty further to declare
:
That the statutes of several of. the uon-slavcholding
States; nullifying the fugitive slave
- o. r a!
law?, or designed tlirougn maic luiiftiouanus
to defeat tlie execution of said laws, to punish
Federal officers attempting to execute the same :
and
The purpose of the dominant political party
in the non-slaveholdiiig States, called the Black
Republican party, to use, if it can get possession
of the Federal Government, all the powers,
of that Government (with the view that party
lias of the extent of those powers,, for the extermination
of African Slavery iti the State ;
by .
1 Reorganizing the Supreme Court of the
United States, so as to secure a Judiciary representing
sectional and . political opinions*;
J3y prohibiting:, in the form of acts of Con-'
grcss, slavery in the Territories and other
places of Federal jurisdiction :
By refusing to admit any new Slate in the
Constitution of which the institution of slavery
^ i^coguizeri:f ,:y
Jiy remising 10 exeipSe stieii powers as are
constitutionally delegated to the Federal Government,
where it has jurisdiction for the protection
of all property recognized as such by the
Constitution and in the judgments of the Fedo
rai v*ouris:
By creating now States, so as to get the
requisite number to change the Constitution,
in oriler to authorize the Federal Government
to exert plenary power over the institutions of
the sI'.H'eholdiiig States, and by other modes:
:?d, .
The invasion of one of the slavehohliug
States by citizens cf the non-slavtholding States
for the purpose of arming the servile race and
leading them into rebellion against their masters
and against the State: are all in violation
of the spirit and principles of thq, Constitution,
dangerous to the Union, and at war with those
institutions, which, at all hazards, it is our duty
to defend.
3. Seeing, as we cannot avoid seeing, there
is imminent danger that the said Black ltepublican
party, will get possession of all the departments
of the Federal Government, and exercise
all the powers of the same, and others not delegated,
for the effectuation of the unconstitutional
purposes before named; and believing that
such an event would result in the destruction
of all the ba'rrieCs between the States, and an
arbitrary, consolidated government of an irresponsible
section ; we solemnly appeal to the
people of the other States, to prove by their
political action, in the ensuing States and Federal
elections, their devotion to the Constitution
and the Union, and to the sovereignty
and equality of the States, and do not make
the appeal without the hope of a patriotic answer:
but
In ease our repeal in disregarded, and in
view of the. possibility of such an event, we
earnestly commend the whole subject of our
present and prol>al>Ic exigencies to the protomw
consideration ot'tlic people of this State, the
sovereignty of Texas, that they may devise
tlif ways and means of maintaining, unimpaired,
the authorities, rights and liberties reserved
to and existing in the States respectively and
the people of the same.
4. That the Governor communicate these
resolutions to each of the Statesof this confederacy,
and^to our members in both houses of
Congress.
Kossuth writes a long letter on the subject
of the ballot. JIo says that when Hungary was
ltlefscd with a Constitutional form of Government,
secret voting was but seldom resorted to
?"publicly was the rule;' No protection of
any kind was wanted by the Magyars. Tenant
right rendered tenants independent of their
landlords ; and being essentially an agricultural
people there was "very little of that eagerness
with which in populous cities tradesmen are
seen to cling to the patronage "of good ensto
mers." The "civic spirit and self-conscious patriotism"
of the Hungarians, precluded anything
like bribery on a large scale and no
- * * *' '.I - ? -..I. I
"paramount importance wasiucreioi cam-iciuM
to the ballot as a means of preventing either
intimidation or corruption.
How the Tiiisti.k Saved Scoti.and.?Tlie
following is related as the origin ??f the use of
the thistle as the national emblem of Scotland.
When the J hues invade 1 Scotland, they
availed themselves of the pitch darkngss of
night to attack the Scottish forces unawares.
In appmacflinjj tlie Scottish forces unobserved
V 1 1 t/v n.,A,.<ai,f
ailU lliarcilllli; UiHUH'ULUHW |lituia HK-K UUIIIf
being hoard, one of the Danes trod upon a
largo prickly tbi.-tlc, and the sharp cry of pain
which he instirifctly uttered suddenly apprised
the Scots of the danger, who immediately ran
to their arms, and defeated the foe with great
slaughter. The thistle was thenceforward
adopted as the national insignia of Scotland.
Mvhdkr!?Help !?' JIewkr !**?The Washington
correspondent of the Now York Tribune
intimates that all the Republican Representatives
go armed, and announces that they, mean
to defend their personal rights in their own
way, whenever assailed." In the name of the
three Cs?coffee, Colt's and coffins?in,'' this
an " impending crisis I"
JflWrUtTU liat'IICI A' UI1U.
The substantial relief afforded to our unfortunate
brethren at Gibraltar by the Israelites v
in America will at all times be remembered to
their credit. We have in the course of our
advocacy of the cause, received many responses
which have delighted us, but the collection
made by Mr. .Marines Bauin assisted, as he very
modestly states in his letter, by his voung
friend Mr. Simon Barueh, is so creditable to
those gentlemen, and especially to the contributors
at Camden, S. C., Christian and Israelite,
that wc^feel especial pleasure in publishing the
list without authority from the donors, in order
that our European friends may participated
the pleasure we enjoy, which will be considcrahlv
nnlmtifwrl \%v thorn wlion t.linv roflnof tliut.
there is no congregation of Israelites in Camden,
and that it was the cause as it appeared in the
Messenger which stimulated Mr. Bailm and his
friend to add the amount of their collection to
the very creditable list from the United States.
Mannes Baum, 5 00 Isaac Rosser, 2 00
R. B. Curtis, 2 00 J. J. Mclvnin, 2 00
J. W. Dobv, 2 00 IA. Mack, 0 00
\V. A. Craliam, 2 00 'J'. 25
J. W. McCurry, I 00 II WDcSaussure 4 00
J. Baruch, 1 00 Tho. W. 1'egues, 1 00
G. S. Douglas, 1 00 J. D. Duulap, 1 00
J. F. Sutherland, 2 00 W. Kellev, 1 00
S. Bariicli, 1 00 W. Z. Leitncr, 1 00
C. T. Billings, . 00 A. Xiles, 1 00
A. Von Ilasseln, 2 00 ~\J. Druckcr, I 00
W. E. Johnson, 2 00 J. Israel, 3 00
W. R. Taylor, 1 00 J. D. Kennedy, 2 00
J. B. Kershaw, 2 00 Win. L. DePass, 2 00
J. M. Davis, 2 00 James Dunlap, 2 00
Ilarman Arrants, 1 00 J. V. Lylcs, 50
C. McDonald, 1 00 Jas. J. Workman, 50
M. Dnsscldorf, 2 00 WIIR Workman 1 00
Benj. Kaufman, 2 00
Total, ?00 75
Jewish Messenger..
Crinoline in ike Sick Room.
A work, entitled Notes on Nursing, by Florence
Nightingale, has just been published in
London. The following views ou the annoyance
of crinoline to the sick occur in it :
It.is, I think, alarmiug, peculiarly at this
time, when the female ink-bottles arc perpetually
impressing upon us ' woman's" "particular
worth anil fronornl inissiniinriness." to see that
the dress of women is daily more and more unfitting
tliem for any "mission," or usefulness at
all. A man is now a more handy and far less
objectionable being in a sick room than a'womatl.
Compelled by her dress, every woman
now either shuffles or waddles?only a man
can cross the fioor of a sick room without shaking
it! What is become of woman's light
step?the firm, light, quick step we, have been
asking for ? ' ??
Unnecessary noise, then, is the most cruel
absence of care which can be inflicted either
on sick or well. For, in all these remarks, tho
sick are only mentioned as suffering in a great- .
cr proportion than tiib well from precisely tlie *
'.'same caUtes,**
Unnecessary (although slight) noise, injnrcs
a sick person much more than necessary noise
(of a much greater amount).. /.
All doctrines about mysterious affinities and
.-rvcrsions'-wili be foijnd rtajfg,-.)clvtTmm=rdvc?
very iiiucii, if not 'entirely Into orcsencc, or
absence of care in these things. -? i
A nurse who rustles (I am speaking of mrr- ?
ses professional am1 unprofessional) is the horror
of a patient, though perhaps'he docs not
know why.
The fidget of silk and of crinoline, the rattling
of keys, the creaking of stays and of shoes,,
will do a patient more harm thau all the medioinr>
1:1 flic -world will rln him rroml
The noiseless step of woman, the noiseless*
draper) of woman, arc mere figures of speech
in this day. Her skirts (and well if they do
not throw down some piece of furniture) will
at least brush against evsrv article in the room
as she moves.*
ifecvcrculiul PalricliNju.
Shamrock takes a constitutional walk every
morning. lie maintains that it is a good aud
wholesome practice, and that the aMitional
oxygon and hydrogen which he brings to act
upon the solids and tluids, he usually accumulates
while at the bountifully laden breakfast- '
table of his favorite headquarters, become there- (
by more beneficial and availing to his digestive
functions. Along Meeting-street, .due
South, may he be seen between S and 10 a. m.,
daily, aud^eaeh time as hc^pnsscs by our Iliberniaii
!Iallu is bis hat uplifted loftily and
reverently, and his lips are seen to move, as it
were, in fervent prayer, for a few seconds. The
why and wherefore ot' all this puzzled a friend
j oi ours, ami tie at once determined to nna u
out; so lie managed, yesterday morning, to
start from the South Battery about the time* ,
that Shamrock might be expected to light his
after-breakfast segar. In duo time the worthies
were iix-a-vis. ami in front of the Hibernian.
The accustomed salute was given, and the
lips, as usual, moved a moment?era vnr
friend's proximity was noticed. "Who are you
after bowing tti ?" was his prompt enquiry.?
"Nobody," was the equally ready answer; "but
do you think, sir"?continued tire respondent,
mutely but significantly pointing to the gilded
harp over the gate opposite?"I could pass
I with covered head the emerald emblem of my
native land, or without a grayer to Heaven
for my country's redemption." .Shamrock, as
all the world .knows, is an Irishman, in heart
and soul, and though three thousand miles of
ocean separate the rice fields of South Caro- *
1 ina from the green hills of Ireland, there passes
no day in which he does not apostrophize
the Emerald Gem of the Western World, in
the beautiful words of Goldsmith :
"Where*r I pro, whatever realms I see.
My heart, uiilravctteil, fondly turns to thee!'"
Cknrlcslon Mercury,
;
? * o ?
Dkow.vkd.?On Sunday, the 12th instant,.
Mr. Henry Jirskinc, of this Jiistriet, w.-is drowned
while attempting to cross Mill Crcufc, near
Burehe.d ferry, on a floating log. The deceased
was a native of Scotland, hut hail been engaged
in teaching school in this country for
many years. Wc learn that he was intoxicated
at the time. An inquest was held by J.
JJosticIc, Esq., acting Coroner, and a verdict
in accordance with the above facts given.
Marian Star, 21 st ins/.
- O - ? We
saw, yesterday, a counterfeit bill of.
twenty dollars on the bank of Hamburg, S, ('.
which is calculated to deceive the unwary. It
is a fnc simile of the genuine hill, and can only
h? detected by a careful examination of the
signatures, which, it will be discovered, arc
photographed, and not written, The public
! should he oil their guard.?Savaiiiiah JYcics,
7?*
1 Gettint, i*p Staiks nv Steam.?T he I* ifth
j Avenue Hotel lias a car in which llic hoarders
arc to he iai>ed hy >teani?othe thflfcrent floors.
It m:i?t prove valuable to some men, particular'
Iv !at in t!iv evenino.? I'mri-I, nc Journal.
(.hxnU'>i>iil"m.?Why is a man whipping his
wife with a rod, like another putting a postage
| stamp on a letter ? L)?> you give it up .' Because
one hxh with a ?*i:k. and tLi other
i stickj with a !:*k
i