Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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I | BSisrtllnncoitH Ikms. I South Carolina Medical Association. ? This body, as we learn from (lie city par Ders. met in Charleston on Monday, 5th in>t., R in the saloon of the S. C. Institute Ilall. The ^ President, Dr. R. E. YVylie, of Lancaster, on ' opening the session, made n few appropriate. ? remarks, characterized by his peculiar earnest?* ness. f- The following Physicians, on due application, were elected to ordinary fellowship, in .tbe society ; Dr.'s D. S. Price, J. S. Pnee, j,, iJanachan ; Drs. II. Winthrop and-J.&L Mit fe: "chell, of Charleston; Drs. Cteokioy and W. r S. Dudley, of Orangeburg ; Dr. Lyons, of Abbeville ; Drs: Hart, Williamson and Porch er, ^ * of Darlington; Drs. Schwartz and Habersham; | of Aiken, S. C. On the call of the Committee on <?xffs Meetings, Dr. J..A. Mayes, of Sumter, as a* r. member^ remarked personally, that he highly approved of such meetings. They tended to give to the Association,"to so;no extent, a migratory clruracfor, and to eujist- various in-, tore^ts in it.s proceedings. The extra meeting in. Columbia, although not largely attended, waa very interesting, lie proposed, in. conclusion, the name o( Greenwood, in Abbeville nktnV.r as the olace of the itext Summer meeting. ' . .. . Dr, J. P. Barratt, of Abbeville, approved and seconded the views of Dr. Mayes. Green wood, although not a large place, was jutere>lhtg-nud important from its educational imtiioand he pledged himself Uwt ample accommodations would be there furnished in u Vost hospitable manner. '^The noniber of physicians in tire Isftato was (joitx nine hundred to oire-thousand, and the -tfuly reason why there was not a ,larger representation, was because; in many sections, the ?plAn- and purposes of tlie Association werejiot, ju yet fully understood. If Greenwood. was apleoted, tbophysicians of the State \yere cordially invited to cgme in any numbers. It wiaa accordingly resolved, after some consultato bold the extra meeting at Greenwood, Abbeville District,on the third Wednesday ia Ju|y, 1855. ' . ' * ' At 11 o'clock, in pursuance of appointment, ^ 0T. .W. ,W. Motley, of Lancaster District, de-1 foered the Annual Address before tlm Assoeiptiw? his subject being ' Typhoid Dysentery," which was treated in a most able and interest fag manner. * , "? ? J DC assocuulon soon, unci" kujoumicu, tn weet in the evening, at the anniversary din ner.. Under the call for menhirs,. essays, ctvses, etc., Dr. J. M. F.Gaston, of Columbia, read a xJescription of a new apparatus,, devised Jay I ,fe$iy?el? for the medical treatment of a disease ' Jiiathw often baffled attempts under .the con ' ?races hitherto in use. Dr. Gaston eaibiJbia specimen of his instrument?a combina of the abdominal supporter with a peiuiry of a. novel form, and reported also several oases that had been treated effectually. "After some conversational remarks and enquiries by Drs. Flagg, Robinson and Cain, it was on motion of Dr. Gaillard, * , Resolved, That the thanks of the Association be tendered Dr. Ga6ton, for an instrument presented, and that the accompanying descrip-. lion, with proper illustrations, be incorporated in the transactions. . . Dr. R. W. Gi'bbes, Jr., presented a full report of an extraordinary cas?, and Dr. R. W.'j Glbbes, Sr., communicated an essay on i/seude antuisisis .. , !fhe thanks of the Association were given to -both, and the essay referred to the Committee ~ on Publication. Dr. Simons gave, orally, some views and results of the use of Pyroligneous acid in surgical cases, exhibiting gangrenous tendencies. Dr. Gaston proposed a resolution, fixing t-he annual meeting for Wednesday, in February, which was referred to the Board of Counsellors, and being reported hack by them,, was adopted. After a recess, among other matters. Dr. Simons referred to the important question of Registration, which had not yet been reduced S'actically' into the best shape. lie moved ? appointment of a committee to confer wkh the Registers, nnd devise the best plan. The motion prevailed, and the* President requested to appoint the committee, of seven members, at bis leisure. Dr. E. Geddings, on behalf of Dr. Hasel, and as chairman of the topographical committee,.presented a meteorological report that bad bean prepared with every regard lo-accnfftcy, by the Rev. Alexander Glennie, of AM Joints. The thanks of the Association were tdhdered Mr. Giennie. The following officers were duly elected for the ensuing year: President? Dr. E. Horlbetk, Charleston. Vice Presidents?Dr. Amory Coffin, Barn well; Dr. J. P. Barratt, Abbeville. Secretary?Dr. S. L. Lockwood, Charleston. Treasurer?Dr. H. YV. DeSaussure, Charles-' ton. " Corresponding Secretary?Dr. F, M. Robertson. The appointments were deferred, and after the adoDtion of votes of thanks to the South Carolina Railroad Company for their courtesy, to the Courier office for copies of their paper for the use of the Convention, and otljers, the Association adjourned. Funeral of Bishop Capers." The funeral ceremonies over'the hist re. mains of Bishop William Capers, in Columbia, on Saturday last, were of a picrticuhuly in. teresting and imposing character. Y\Le learn from the Carolinian that, on Friday morning, the body, enclosed in a metallic coffin, was removed from his home, near Anderson Court House, accompanied by his bereaved family and several friends. Judge Whitner, MrOsborn And others, accompanied it on its way to Columbia as far as Belton At this point, tbey were met by the Rev. Dr. Whitefnord Smith, who had been requested by tho family of the deceased to accompany the remains to P/tlnmliia anit nraa.li flip fllliprnl ?l?rmOIl_ J- ~ - On arriving at Cokesbury a large number of weeping frienda visited the ear in which the body was conveyed, and-garcd for the last time uporv those featnree, so calm and placid in death, and which had been soertdenrad to them in life. A committee, consisting of the Rev. Dr. Boyd, Rev. Messrs. J. W. Townsend, G. H. Round,and J. W. Wightman, had been appointed by the community ofCokesbury to unite in the procession. The funeral escort reached Columbia at 4 o'clock,P. Mn and was met at the depot by a (ojpmittee of the clergy and laity, whore a v * r.-\-?..-? , J it [mtW, ta r~*- ' *' fr1-*"' > J-- '? - - procession was formed and tlie body conveyed j lo the ie>i(lence of the Rev. N. Tally i (hi Saturday morning at Hf-o'elotk, the !!" tiy, ac'e<iinjmnied by his family and the clorfjv of Columbia, was conveyed to die Washingtonstreet Methodist Church, tho following mil; istcrs acting as-palI bearer.-: v, Iiev. P. J. Shand,j$ev. A. Wig fall, of (lie Protestant Episcopal Church. 4 . Rev. Dr'Boyce an J l?ev, Mr. Curtis, -of the Baptist Chftrt'ii. * Rev. Prs. Lvland ami Howe, and Rev. Mr.' Fnvser, of the Presbyterian Church. . Rev. Messrs. Crook, .(Jamewell and 'S, Tt)wiTsend,"of the Methodist Episcopal Ofnfrob South. At the ci.firth- a large and sympathizing ! audience hail already assembled. The solemn . i"services tvere conducted by Rev. fir. Whitei foord Smijli, and opened by the choir singing ] the 737th hyn inWhat lhouglj the arm of [cojiqwring tfeatli." 11ns. was -totiowea ny a very impressive prayer. The ,739th tiymu ' Servant'of fad, wtU done " was then Ming. The lessons- wote .the 90th Psalm arid n por ' tinn of the* loth chapter of 1st *#m?nrtiians4 Dr. Smith then read his.text from the Acts of the Apostles, xiii. chapter and part of the 36th verse: . :| " For Da\fi(3. after he lui<l served his ,o\vn generation by tlie will.of God, feiLon sleep. j ' The sermon -is sajd .to haye been eloquent ah'l impesdve, and clwelliirg wit^Tpme Jlth?1 particularity upon,the facts of Bishop Capers', history, gave a'clear and,forcible analysis, of. the man, aud of fiis religions teachings. From, this we leam that Bishop Capers'was conycr-' ted in 1809. and commencing ministerial ser-. vice soon "after, continued them, uiijder variousand often, .trying' circumstances,to the hour .of his death. . Ai the cdos'e of the services the clioir, which s?e;hecl to be a uniou of all the choirs of the different -churches. sun a. with grent effect, the beautiful hymn (73.1 oTBisliop Heber?" Thou aftgone-fo thee grave, but we will not deplore thee/; 4 < At the close of the services, in the church, a large''portion of the congregation passed .around the altar, taking their Inst louk atone they *o tetidetly Joved. The colored people, .to )vboni the deceased was peculiarly endeared by his many services, were then allowed the like privilege. The budy'Va* then'removed do the grave in the rear of the pulpit,'wheiu the service for ,.tlie burial of tiro Head was read by the Rev. Nicholas TqUy. ' ' .. .. " Tlfos closed the melancholy scene;*nnd the' mortal it-main a of a great and a good man were left to rest till 'the Resurrection of the Last Day. . From the Columbus. (Go.) Times. 'Wilt Kansas be a Slave State?Poli: cy of Hie Administration. The Tern'to ry of Kansas lies broad side to Missouri, and is said to be eminently adapted to slave labor. Among Oilier .evidences" we extract the following from the Cleveland (Ohio) Herald* It is a letter written by 5. H. ilmve, the leader of the .Emigrant Aid Hand, which left Cleveland for Kansas on the 28d October last. Steamer on Missouri Uivkr. November 19;h, 1S64. " 1 made a very thorough exploration of the country." It was one vast and unbroken prai rie, almost destitute of-timber?but the soil is of the richest character. Water abundant, and i plenty of stone,.with some evidiiiceuf coal. | - " Time and money will enable men of the right stamp- to possess these lands, subdue and cultivate them, and convert the country into a very.goad garden?a farming "paradise. Men *ii J t> - - //?/,>./? n / ?ypo/)T./ VJl HlXJUl 7/iatrto tu/# uu nxjuttfy UK' V ut y/fiowii, The country is eminently adapted to *lave la-' bor. Wealthy slaveholders can go therewith plenty of 14 help'' and means, and make rrmney, subduing thesedauds. ./'They will do so?and despite all efforts ycfc malting, or means yet adopted by the Free States to prevent it, and Kansas is sure to become a'slavc State. Ct The Emigrant Aid Companies (as they nro termed.) are do'irtg very, little indeed to accomplish their object. They have encouraged hundreds of poor well-meaning and honest people to leave their jiomte and- rush into the Territory without, means to sustain themselves .there, who must suffer everything but death, and many of thqiu that if they remain?or leave the country, and go where they can pro vide for their families." There can be no quest ion therefore, but that the South' will "go up and possess the land,'1 uirless the powers that bo, -throw obstacles iu her way. We have it from nndoulned sources that the President is disposed to give us a fair showing, and that Governor Keeder was-instructed not- lb meddle with the question of slavery but (o leave it with the actual settlers to regulate it as they choose. Put there is some evidence that the Governor has not been" an tinmoved spectutor of the rapid emigration from the South into the Territory. His eonduct, at any rate is looked on with suspicion by the Southern colonists. He has not received their reriionstranq.es with courtesy ; and his continued refusal to pall together the Legislature of .the Territory affords stroug proof that he allows his Pennsylvania prejudice^, against the 'institutions of the South, to control his politi ct'il 'iUiis matter ought to l>e sifted to tho bottom by the'Representatives "of tbo South in Congress; and if the complaints agahist the Governor are well founded, they ought to bring : the matter before the President, and irsist upon his recall. Mr Pierce cannot refuse so reasonable a re,-qae6t. lie i< pledged to do justice .to us and we believe he will do it. But the South must take caro of her own interests. Iler Representatives must bring forward the proof of Governor-Reeder's insincerity and press for his removal from office, and not. leave it to the rresmeui 10 iaue tue in uauw m <? iin'im-m which will damage his popularity,and redound to the benefit of the South. Indeed, the position of the President and the Northern Democracy up<>? tho Nebraska Kansas question is a very delicate one, and it Js the duty of the South to relieve them as far as possible from the odium of taking the.first step in a proceeding which is to benefit exclusively the southern section of the Union. In this connection it may be out of place to urge upon the South the necessity of sending a large emigration to Kansas at once. The Ci >1 ? auii /In miioK to uin tilia OOUUlClli |>iro-* vm? v?" v.. v" ..." ... movement by keeping the public advised of the progress ol the settlement of the territory and by laying before their readers such proofs as may come within their reach, of the fertility of tbe soil and the salubrity of the climate of Js - . ' ' I . 4 . ~~ " ' Kansas and its adaptedncss to slave labor. If the Sumtli is true to herself, Kansas will be a ! slaveholdiug State; and all the efforts of I Northern Emigration aocteties win enn in uic | ruin of.iheir "backers ami the disappointment of1-the silJy Cools who allow thert?svlve> to be used as tools by the vile fanaticsv!and .disor ganizers who are at the bottom of the movement. .Whether Kansas shall be a slave State oughfjiol to be left to chance to determine. If Kaflsas becomes a hireling State, there is very great probability that slavery will Ire ! diiven from Missouri, surrounded as she will I he on three sides by enemies of the,Institution', r Such an event would inflict a serious blow upon Southern interests. How iVuch This Cohufry Owes. It is a-favoiittt'boast of Americans that tlieir government, is ".almost the only one in .the civilized wurldyvhich is not deeply .plangod 'in" -1 .l~. " r. , Lieui. k)U iui m u fcj.uia uj uic uimcw uictiu?, . in its federal capacity, it is well founded. But so far as it' relates to the one and thirty Commonwealths, of which the nation is composed, .it is an absolute absurdity, since-.tlie majority of'tjicse latter are deeply, if hot inextricably, in debt. We hear this bit of hrjiffitdocia so .frequently. jliat it is-worth, while to devote a few moments lo showing jts folly. In.England, France^ Austria and all other consolidated nations, there is hntone exchequer .to meet every want of government.. There is, consequently,, but one .national debt. When we say that Croat Britum owes Nearly .eight hund/ed.miliioiis-of pounds, or Your thousand millions of dollars, the whole storyiis told.? But if we should assert that the entire debt of thu,.United States' was less than sixty millions, we should be apt :to- mislead. the. reader. For the federal government, which is what .is technically meant by the term United States, having only rLrcomscribed powers," is not, and never can be,-made liable for. the principal -share of the expenses of maintaining * order and "dispensing law among, ihe people at large, . most of this burden falling .00 tie separate members of fbe confederacy. To give a cor. recj.idea .of the real indebtedness of the nation, therefore,, we must include the debts of the several States. .. .. .. . Now, the total indebtedness of the Varioire commonwealths is- about - two hundred and twenty one millions of dollar*, divided among twenty-seven' States, four being so fortunate as to owe nothing, xh: New Hampshire, Vermont, Delaware and Florida. ' Of these'twenty-seven,-the debts of seven nre under a million a-piece : Maryland, Texas, Illinois, Ohio, Vir ginia, New York and Pennsylvania are tile States most deeply in debt. The largest- ab solute debt is that of our own State, which is over-forty millions; the lowest is that of New Jersey, which is bat scVeuty-one thousand. Tlie heaviest debt, in t>roportion to that of the population, is the debt of Maryland, which ejeeeds fifteen millions, in a population of five hundred and eighty two thousand, bond and free. The debt <tf Virginia, tjjongh but little greater numerically than that of New York'? the one being twenty-six millions and the other twenty-four?is more than twice its heavy rela lively, the population being less than half, while the general resources of the State are greatly inferior. The entire debt of the nation, estimating the federal debt as well as that of tli? State, ejcccctt-> two hundred ahtf seventyfive millions of dollars. But this still fails to give an accurate idea of the total -indebtedness of our country. In EuroDe. if wo exceot England, most nublir. works r ? i o ? i are constructed by the government, so that the national debt includes tiro cost of .the principal railroads,- eannjs And . turnpikes. But in the United States, with the exception of the Pennsylvania State works and those of a few other Commonwealths, all such improvements are owned .by private corporations. Now the aggregate cost of the principal of these works is computed to he one thousand millions of dollars, of which six hundred millions Alone are invested in railroads. Consequently, if we would arrive at the true indebtedness of 'thes" United Stntes, we must add the amount of this description of securities to the amount of the St ate'and federal ones. Twelve hundred millions of dollars are, therefore, about what wo owe?a very respectable sum, it must be', acknowledged, especially fur a nation but eighty years old. . . To give an entirely just idea of the subject, however, we must remind the reader that a chief part of this debt is attributable to the fact that we are a new country, three-fourths of those millions having been spent in developing our resources. Considering the vast mineral and agricultural wealth of America; considering, also, the indomitablc energy of our people; considering the favorabie position we occupy for conducting the commerce of'the world tiiis debt, enormous as it seems, is comparatively little, or would bo if we were* always as prudent and thrifty as wo are enterprising. Philadelphia Ledger. IkcheasIe of tub Akmv.?It will be remenj-bered, said the National Intelligencer, that tor sometime past the Committees on Military Affair's <if the two Houses of Congress have been endeavoring to obtain action upon a bill to increase the Army of the United States; but there seemed to be some hesitation on the part of Congress until attention was called by the President of the United States and the O .... ,. r U/iih* f A nit' Amnerrniinit oecrcmijr Ml *r??i ail ^invi^vii^jr rvnauig from the hostile spirit reentlv manifested by many of the Indian tribes, The emigrant route to California has been seriously menaced, and the safety of the numerous emigrants constantly passing over the plains seemed to require prompt measures of prevention and security. Accordingly, when the army appropriation bill was under consideration in the Senate, Mr. Shields availed himself of the opportunity to press this question to a decision. Upon, his motion, oh Thursday last, the Seuat* voted to add four regiments to the army by incorporating the followingamendment in the army appropriation bill: " And be it enacted. That there shall be added to the army two regiments of infantry and two regiments of cavalry, organized as in fnrdo nnrt t.lmf. tho nffh.pra onrl inn uAiobtug iwivvj ?- ? ...,u men anthorized by this act shall bo entitled to the same provisions for wounds and disabilities, and the same provisions for widows and children, and the 6ame allowances and benefits, in every respect., as are allowed to other troops composing the army of the United States.? They shall be subject to the rules and articles of war, and the men shall be recruited in the same manner as other troops, and with the same conditions and limitations." i"11 irirwaiMBBateMMBMBMB??a?n? Clje (Coutifii UMit) Journal. ! ; j ' ?? -r?- ; Tuesday, February 13, 1855. THO. J. WARREN, Editor. I Monies Received, TT^i. .i.^oa.!ntinna tn tliA Tnill1Bfl1 BtnAA T?ni.ni<ii mill X l-M OUWWI^UUUU vv ??iv w wut UW| OiUW V *4*1 U(li J j 11 lAl | j bo acknowledged in our next. . ? The Furman University. About two hundred students were present at tho j opening of this Institution on the 7 th instant. Blackwood's Magazine. The January number has been received. Tho table of.contcnts exhibit a series of interesting and instruc| tivc articles. . .Southern Cultivator. I .Published in Augu3ta, Georgia, by- William S. I Jones and edited by Djv Daniel Lee and D. Itedraond, jsone of the best publications ofthokind in the Union. | Its high reputation and extensive patronage is the*t3est ' guarantoo of its excellence. Hon. J.L. Ore's Speech. Wer are indebted to "Colonel Orc'for a copy of his ; epceoli, delivered Irr Congress oh' tlie French Spoliai tion Bill, which we wiR notice more particularly herei after. Wc arc pleated with Coloriol Orr'i position, ! and shall read and comment more fully in our next, upon the same. Congreaslonal Documents. ' ' * 1 We are under roapy obligations to our kind and atr , tentlve Senator in Congress, Judge Evans, for another. | document?The Report of -the JFinandee 1833-4 -In ; the way we have just intimated Senator Evans- is very ' ^attentive and regalar in his favors. - I Also to our friend and distinguished Representative, Mr. Boyce, onf thanks are again due. He is one, of i whom Young America may be'jnstly proud. Judge Butlor will also, please accept our thanks for I his kind attent'on. . . I Editorial Changes. " I General A. C. -Garlingten Iras associated himself with J. S Rcid, Esq., in tho Editorial management of the "Newberrian^ We are glad to greet the Gcueral again in the.editorial ranks. Tho'title-of the paper is i changed to tho News Mirror, Mr Symes lias- purchased ono half of tho Keowee | Courier, and thereby associated himself with Mr. I Thompson in the editorial management of -that jour- 1 nal. ". * ' We wish much success to all parties, and liopo it 1 may be awarded commensurate with their worth and I expectations. Farmer and Planter.. We have received the Jauuary number of this excellent Agricultural Monthly, published at Pendleton, < in'this State, by S. W. Lewis, and edited by Major George Sdoborn, an experienced, practical and excellent planter. Wc commend this work to tho patronage of our friends, as, in overy retpect, worthy, and ' earnestly hope that this paper, which is tho dnly ono ? of tho kind iu our State, will "bo largely patronized. Wo shall take pleasure in receiving tho subscrip nons ui unj \v?ni irail v.- ??? nai?w. * ?*w vw dollar per annum. _ '. . . . . 1 A True Definition. Iloro is the best definition of a true gentleman<wl)icli we have ever soon. We believe " the distinction is in Hit mini" and. in that alone. No other hind of Aristocracy sltould bo tolerated in a free country: M By a gentleman, we mean not to draw a lino that would bo invidious between high and low, rank and subordination, riches and poverty. * No. ThedisLikction is in tla fnmd. Whoever is open, just and true ; whoever is of a humane and affable demeanor; whoever is honorable in himself, and in his judgment o^ others, and requires uodaw "but ids word to make liira fulfil an engagement?such a man is a gentleman?and such a man mny be found among the tillers of the earth as well as in the drawing rooms of the high-born and the rich.-' Southern Quarterly Review. Tlio number beiore us, iur January, auorus wie j most ample and satisfactory evidence of the zeal and energy of its enterprising Proprietor, C. Mortimer, Esq. On account of tlio destruction, by l}re, in December last, of the Review's office, in Columbia, the January umber was published in Baltimore, and it presents a handsomo and finished appearance. The table .of contents exhibit nine art'blos, and appear to be highly interesting, The prospects of the Review vfero never better, "it is free from debt "?and Mr. Mortimer,with the aid of " an editor who shall bo wholly acceptable to their readers, and fully competent in every way," 5 will bo abundantly able, " to sustain. the well earned reputation and elevated oharacter of the Rovievr." " In fill of this, no one doairesmore than wo,- tbattlw'Ro. view may continue to exist for years, as it is noW, a noble champion of Southern literary rights, and the exponent and oracle of true Southern sentiment. We are pleased to know, Rom Mr. Mortimer's Card, that horcaftor the Review will bo publralied ih Charles- ton and Columbia. We invite attention to the Card of Mr. Mortimer, in our papor to-day. " * The Late Bishop Capers. We have noticed with what unanimity the secular j press has spoken of tho loss which the Church a nd ; country have sustained in tho death of this grent and , good man, and every where the rogrot seems to bo j general, and tributes of rospoct to his memory have been and are being offered On last Sabbath morning the services at the Methodist Church in this place wore conducted with spocinl rcforence to the death of Bishop Capors. On which I occasion tho Rev James Stacy delivered an Impressive appropriate and eloquent discourse from these words, "And I heard a voice fiom heaven Baying unto me, write, blessed aro the dead which die in tho Lord from henceforth : Tea, salth tho Spirit, that they may rest from their labors.; and their works do follow them." The text wad strictly adhered to, and explained with much clearness and particularity, and in a most comforting and satisfactory manner. There HoJivornrl nnnn the dewywed, hut a WUH MU OUivb; -r^~ r practical illustration made of the subject by a brief allusion to the life, character and self sacrificing devotion of our vonerated and beloved Bishop. It will be, indeed, a difficult matter to fill Bishop Capers' place in the Church and in the Country, but there are those upon whom the mantle of his office may fell, who are ablo to do justice to this high position. Wo believe that the Rev. Dr. Wightman. President of Wofford College, is, in every respect, eminently qualified for the place. We.believe his claims will be duly acknowledged, and we Hope that he will bo elected next Bishop in the Methodist Episcopal Church 8outh. rj v ? TELEGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE Later from Europe. 1 NTr-w Y?nf Vnl...... O Tl.a rr ft J. vikiV) x ti'i uni j v. i no v. ** ?? ? g Steam ship Atlantic, Captain James West, did not arrive at her wharf in this city until today, having been detained at the Narrows, in j consequence of the ice in the harbor, which, j ulso prevented the News Yacht ot the Asso- i ciated Pre?s from reaching her. General Intelligence. | Affairs at Sebastopol are unchanged. Tlie British Army in the Crimea continues ] in a wretched state, in consequence of mismanagement, and is rapidly melting away. \ The Peace Conferences are open in the middle of this mouth. c Negotiations continue between Austria and i Prussia, in relation to the Germanic Army. The-Swedish anny is to he placed immediately on a.warfootiu". , j The Queen of Sardinia w dead. t?..d t'.tl... l.oo a u * //viiii ivu jgv i una a.iiu ji la i/c* j lieyed' that n general breafc up jt?f the BritisTi t Cabinet will result ihert-from. .On the 26th r ult. Jie.gave pn explanation of his conduct. Public feeling in England seems tendingjto- { wards peace. ' > Numerous heavy failures are reported as j having occurred at Liverpool, but there is evidently considerable exaggeration in the reports* The steam ship Great Britain had arriyed at Liverpool from Australia, with ?750,OOO Sterling in.g,o\d. . . ' Commercial Intelligence. The Liverpool Circular of Messrs. Milligan, Evans 6c L^tnprierc of the 20th ult. reports j the sales of Cotton during the week ending { that evening at 37,000 bales, of which speed-" s latcrs took 3(300 and exporters -1000; leiwing v nn AAA II 1* * l J * . . . I i* _ y. aa.uuu Dares 04 an descriptions to me iraae. j The-demund from the trade and for export wa? r moderate, and prices ruled in favor of brlyers. State of Tiiadk.-^-Im .Manchester tlie-miark*.. -c ;t was dull, with a declining tendency. . r The Havrk Cotton * M arket,?<"Atlviceti from Havre to Wednesday the 25th ult. etAte [ ihuf all qualities of Cotton had- sliylitly ad- ' tranced, and that there was an active specula-. r live demand. The sales during the week hacf ^ comprised 7,500 a S.000 bales. The Very Latest. ' t The government has been severely denounced t n the British Parliament. 1 The -Russians had been rupnlsetl at Sebasto- i pol in two sorties, but they succeedjjcl m taking < 'ourfeeh prisoners. The weather had been a cold but h: modeiateiC It \tas- stated that t 10.000 Russiails nltli 80 ^uhi, a? PeKkop,'un. r 3er command of General Lijmtncfi, were, prtv i paring, to attack Eirnntorf*;, The- Russian* i imd occupied the- Qntirmitiue F-ut. General i Browi) was tUmitt id jesutrte tiifr emnioand. Advices from "St. Petersbiiig'to the 18th in- i stunt, brgatlind h.pxcififc spirit Accounts fmin Odessa state that tly $us- ;i isiaiis would shortly' assume the .-offensive* for t whkjb step tlicy had i>ceu futfj ?MvprtmH?y*ie- t infnrcemfcnts. . *. Oiiih-t PasUa's forf:c. was to have commenced * operations by ike l3th of January^ The Allies cuntf'mplato.cstttblidring fiospi Uils for 2000 men at Salem-*als?? one for com. ( valeseentS at Rhode-.*" . I Austria demands au. explanation ft<un Prince .j Gortscimkofl^.->? to.wtij jfee'Russians uro*sed i - v i i i i? *?t n . Hie uantiue, anu oruers nau occii seiu e,u -w ( rononini to prevent them from campaigning in that r?-gion. The allied admirals had declared the port9 , in the Black Sea-and tlie'Seaof Azof in astute ( of.siege. - ' t Isiriael Pasha had been appointed command- . er of the nrnij -of Anatolia. - ^ It is stated that the 'larks hud opened a t communication with Scbacnvl, whose force consisted of 20,000 men. The Turks, how- ' ever, Lad receired^'a rumor of the death of j St haniyl. Prussia claims the right of participating .in r the peace negotiations at VlcHtia^indhas pro- j tested to the Four Power's against the passage I of any resolutions without her participation therein. . Sardinia sends- to the Allies 20,000 tnen-her whwlearmy. Messrs. Miller A: Thompson, of Liverpool, have failed for JEO(),OO0 Sicrlinp, and Messrs. Home,-Eager & Co., for ?I3l>,0(){). The Paris Monite.ur says that 1,7000,000 francs had been placed on deposit with the French Government There were indications of a Carlist insurrection ia Spain. Advices from China of'tjie 12th December, state that affairs in the southern section of the . country were more critical fven than at'Canton, and that the authorities had appealed to the '> American find IJritisii L'onsnls U?rraa8Wtan?e. k' Trade has b*:en completely suspeirded. . 1 ' ' . * ^ 1 - CoiiKrcHiioual Synopsis. 1 We make,a synopsis of the most'hnportant ' matters occurring at*Federal Head Quarter*. I The entire, prueeeding from Week to week ( would fill our paper 4i'ii. times over. Wo must-" content .ourselves with.a meagre abstract, as. ' it is impossible to go more fully into" partiou- ' lars: v ? ^ " . ( Washington, Feb. 0. The Senate debated the Freuch Spoliation , BiH. ; The Mexican Tieaty recognizing the priuci- ( nlu thur I'rou aiii?w myliu (ran iriwi'rtc WHS Refit into the Senate to-day. , -f The bill apfrropriating $300,000 for the improvement of the mouth* of the Mississippi ' was passed. ' Notlnng else of importance transpired. The House, after debating the Consular Bill, went into oominitt.ee of the whole on the Texas , Creditors Bill, but adjourned without having taken any action thereon. *' Washington, Feb, 7. In the Senate to-day petitions were present- < ed in favor of the abolition of Slavery in the i District of Columbia. ( A number of internal Improvement Bills ( were passed. The House passed the Texas Creditors Bill, ( by a vgte of 154 to 43. . The Tariff and the Civil and Diplomatic { Rill u-erp disotmnar] in Committee of the : Whole" \ Washington, Feb. 8. { The Senate passed, to day, several bills ol j minor importance. f A discussion took place on the bill granting J ??"??? tU novmiini nf RuilpriaH t tllioc J Vila Ultuu IWI mv VI *?!? Iron. I The House passed the Bill regulating the r salaries of the Judges of the United States < Courts, ( s ' . ^ ^...... . . Washington Feb. 9. The Senate passed 57 private Bills, and went nto Executive session Senator A. C. Dodge, of Iowa, was confirm id as Minister to Madrid. This appoitment ixcited universal astonishment. Charles H. Morrison, was also confirn^ed.as Receiver at Ouachita; Robert Bengueral, as Register ut Opelousas; Robert D.-Hadden, as tecciverat Columbus, Mississippi; and Thornnas Welch, as Receiver at Montgomery, Alammn. - The House passed the Consular Reform 3il). ' V The bill for the renewal of Colt's ^Patent vas killed. Mr. Breckeuridge announced that he had leclined the appointment of Minister to Spain n consqfluenceof the sickness of his wife. Washington, Feb. 10. Mr Wilson, of Massachusetts, took his seat n tlie Senate to-day. ? .1 i? _ j-j i ID me uouse, a resolution was passeu grunt- * . ng- the benefit* of tiie Bounty Land Laws to Lose Choctaws who seryed in-the Anny duiiiff the wars. ' . . The IJouse, also, passed an- jpproprittion or building four I>evenne Cutters,, and then ieof into Committee of the whojeppon private >illsA * *. ?t. Washington Items. -. John P. Miller, of New-York, has been lominnted to tiie Senate, to be' Secretary of Legation to Peru, in "the place of JameS -C. Marriott, resigned. . <-V- ^ Collector Redfieldrof New-York, has new ntiinated-n desire to be relieved from the doiea of lus olfiqe, and all rumors to the centray are false. . The appointment of A .successor to Mr. Pleasanton, the- late fifth Andkor, has been oade by the President, but not yet announced. The rumors tiwt Mr. Dodley 'Maim--will re-> :eive a foreign mission, are untrue.- lie will etain his present-position, * Lieut, 'Ihomas S, RWt of the 2d Regt. of $. A-rtilleiy has resigned-hie Commission. The steamer Fulton reports, that shb found ro trace of the sloop of war'Albany, daring ier recent cruise. . - . The Uuiou contains a correspondence heween Messrs. Marcy and Kinney,- in which he latter declares that- his purposes are pa:ific, awl that the objects of the expedition are uining and cutting dye woods. - Mr. "Martey ays that if the Colonist* expatriate themselves ind conform, to the laws of their adopted couory, tlie Executive will not interfere, but it-will lot allow tlicm. to go forth armed, and under a nilitarf- organisation. He further says that if .he title4ms come from the Mosquito King to lie Lands in question, it is invalid. " . Capt. Murray of the 2d U. S. .Infantry has csummxI hi* C^nimissiop. . ' ' The Hon. Wm. Aiken presented on the 3d. list.,"in the . U. S . liwose of Representatives he petition of the citizens of'Charleston for he abolition of the duty on coal. ' >EuiigroiitPa?CDser^!ps. '* Tlid New York Commercial Advertiser "er* jregses great .satisfaction with (he movement of Senator Fish, in regarv to a bill reported by nut ''lor the .better protection of life And hea*. Itli on passenger ships" Mr". Fish has col ected ft large, .-unotutt of valunhte information >n the subject, "Th1* Commercial, soys. " h will la* remembered that during the fall f last year the mortality onboard theemigant ships was at time tharfol in the extreme, The ooimiseration ol the whale community was xcited, and the aid of legislation was very jroperly sofioked to prevent, if possible,* tuck wasting sickness and destructive fever as but on often .broke out en ship-board-" The same paper gives a synopsis of the bill rbe subject appears to have been well d'lgeced : " The amended bill provides- Unit no, emigrant vessel shall tate more than two passengers to every five tons of her,tonnage, and jetweeiv October 1 and April 1, shall be limied to one passenger for every three tohs ; exends the area to be allowed to every passenger, giving each sixteen or eighteen superficial eet of deck ; prohibits any passengers beings :aried between deck uuiess the altitude is six eet or upwards ; and imposes a fine and imprisonment upon the captain for any breach of iheseprovisions. The room specified above is o be additional to that occupied for berths. Svery berth ocupied by two persons,must be it least four feet wide ; the hatch ways are to pe sheltered, but kept open on one side so as /) admit of ventilation, and each vessel must ilso have two ventilator of a regulated site, lccording to the capacity fo the vessel. The :amboose or cooking range to be 4 feet long i ? . . l !J. i* nnn mo cignieen mcnes w:ue ior every passengers, and-at this season every passenger shall 3e entitled during the voyage to <10 gallons Of tfater,25 pounds of bread, 10 pounds of wheat Hour, 20 of oatmeal, 20,rice,20 of beans, 20 of |)dtatoes,-5 of sugar, 1 1-4 of tea or 2 1-2 of ioffee, 20 ounces of salty 5 gills of vinegar, 10 pounds of salt pork, and 15 of beef. Thia food is to be cooked daily and given out between fixed hours; breakfast between 6 and 8 o'clock A, M.and dinner bet wen noon and 2 oVh?ek P M. The bill contains, other wholesome provisions that must incline every friend of butnamtj to desire that the zealous labors of t he able Senator may do embodied in'a law. . /-i ci 13 n'.. COMMON CttlROOL r?3U OK VyAJ-IKOWVl*.? According to.a statement of Gov. Bigler, in bi- l;Ue message to the Legislature, the State sf California has the most munificent" school fund of any State in the Union. Under the icts of Conyress of Sepleftiber 4, 1341, and March 3, 1853, as estimated in the report of he Commissioner of the General Land Office, his State is entitled to 97,212,024 aoree of juhiic land for common school purposes. Out >fthiq, number there have been already sold wo hundred and thirty-one thousand, sixhunIred and eighty acres by the State, at $2 per ? icre. The Governor says: " The unsold lands, if "disposed of at one lollar and twentj'-fivecents per acre, will yield ;o the school ftind the sum of $8,728,556." At ieven per cent this sum would yield an annual , uterest of $610,858.85 ; to which add $32,180.37, accruing, on the amount derived from uxles of land heretofore made, and we have a jrand total of $643,345.22 to he applied annu. illy to the education of the children of the State. Such is the princely legacy awaiting he' next and succeeding generations, unsurjassed by any of the States of the Confederacy, inH norhnna nnt annalla/t Ku Uiu anitntumanf J/VI ll"l> VVjUUtlVU UJ IUV vilUV WT Ulvil u rf any throne, principality or kingdom of tho >ld world,"