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- * "S. .r'V "" -* .. .
VOLUME XV. CAMDEN, SOUTH-CAROLINA, TUESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 22,1854. NUMBERTJi
1 tl-nuL-nnnncc nn<l I fnntnrv oncirop. ThMP far.ts have induced nf- I pin's h?nd, is taken np.on.aslender wWnn&^fl^
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
THOMAS J. WARREN.
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published' until ordered discontinued and charged accordingly.
-/
it
-- . itnpntunmras.
** .,< ^ '--L ' l"
,fYom the Charleston Courier.
Fifty Years Ago.
The year 1804, like the present, was a genii'
oral election year in our State, and it has oc
curred to as that a reference to the election
arrangements of that year would afford a satisfactory
and interesting criterion by which to
estimate the progress .of our State in population
and in other matters. It is dinned into
our ears so frequently indeed from some quarters,
that we are behind the age, until many
have taken it for granted, not only as an exist
ing truth, but as a general law of necessity.?
In all the great elements of permanent pro
" - "? -1!
gress and heaitny growin, we ancge, vu Uivi
contrary, that South Carolina may compare |
favorably with any of her sister States. The
4 apparent progress in some quarters has been
greater ?the actual progress of other States
under different circumstances has also been
wore striking, but we repeat that under a fair
and imp.'irtialconsideration of all circumstances,
favorable and otherwise, that have modified
our history, the progress of South Carolina has
been one of which we have no reason to be
ashamed.' The State that is derided by some
as ever the hindmost in the race, can poir.t to
the first rail road and the first canal, of any
extent?the first employment of steam as a
locomotive on roads?the first State college
and the first State lunatic asylum. If accidental
legacies and accumulations of private
capital drawn to other States, have done more j
for them, in some respects, than wo have been
able to accomplish, that does not detract from
the credit due to the far-sighted founders and |
moulders of the institutions and establishments j
around us. If in the attrition and excitement |
of a dense population, collected chiefly in ci-1
'ties, towns and villages, other States and sec'
tions may show a smaller ratio ot those unable
to read and write, the fact does not detract
from the credit due to that schemo cf legislation,
which beginning with the first Carolina
school system of 1710, has since been directed
towards the education of every citizen of the
State. We should learn ourown short comings,
whether 'from friends or foes, with a view to
self-improvement?but nothing is to be gained
? * ^orvotitinn fif the stale accusa
oy a parrui^amt
lion, " behind the age." In some directions
the party behind is in the safest, as well as most
honorable position.
We recur, however, to the election of 1804,
as showing the amount and arrangement of
population. For this purposo we turn to the
general report of the Committee on Privileges
and Elections, and look at the number and position
of the election precincts, which of course
are established with a view to the necessities of
population. We
give accordingly an abstract of the report
so. far as relates to the sections of the
State which have been chiefly filled up since
that period.
For Abbeville there was but one " place of
election"?that at the Court House.
For Chester there was also but oner poll?at
the Court House.
nn??at, the Court House.
ror v/iicsicnibiu v... ? ?
For Claremonl three?at Staiesburg, Singleton's
store and Carter's Store.
For Clarendon three places?at the Court
House, and at Richard Singleton's, by the same
' managers on different days; and at Capt.
Witherspoon's muster field.
For Darlingtoo there was one plnco?at the
Court House. *
For Edgefield three places?at Amos Richardson's,
Lewis Noble's and Col. Martin's muster
ground.
For Fairfield two places?the Court House
and the house of Ezekiel Wooley or ' Sutton's
old place.".
For Greenville three places?Court House,
Jno. H. Harrison's store and Arrasmith's.
F<jr Kershaw at two places?Court House
and Flat Rock.
For Kiugston two places?at Court House
and Joseph Graham's.
For Laurens five places?Archibald Young's,
.V^?nrr Ar. Itnvle's store.
Benjamin auuii s, *vuu^ ? ?w
George Brook's store, and at the Court House
on the second day hy any three of the managers
appointed for the first.four places.
For Lancaster?one place only at the Court
House.
For Liberty three places?at Court House,
Jeremiah Brown's and John Bethea's.
For Marlborongh?one place, Court,House.
For Newbjrry?including the Fork between
?the Broad and Saluda Rivers, two places,
Coort House and Spring Hill.
^ For Pendleton, four places?Mary Murphy's
CtorrafV Rnbeft Stenscn's and at Court |
WCiy. KXfcrc** <?*v
. ftoqse. - >.'
r* For Richland, three places?Wm. Myers'
If;"'Weston' s, Columbia.
Saxe Gotha, three places?Andrew Keigler's
Jos. Williams', Gran by.
ForSpartan burgh?one place, at the Court
House. v .
For Union,-tfiree places?Jeremiah Hamilton's,
John Luck's, Court House.
To sum up the election districts, as then
constituted, wei-add fOrange,!
St Matthew's, ^St. James Goose
Creek, St. Luke's, Wlnyan} j?t. George's Dorchester.
bad each three places of election ;
,W,mton five places; St. Bartholomew, four!
phwee; Christ Church, St. John's Berkley, St.
Andrews, St".Jamg*Santce, St. John's, Colleton,.^
Oe^ena,, Prince Williams, St. Peters
and .AH Saint*, had each two places.
St. Thomas and St. Dennis, St. Paul's and
t&e CfyttTeston city Parishes, one place.
Assuming that the number o?"J)t??C8 assigned
to each election district, had some reject, not
Iy to amount but to the locality of population,
it will be interesting we doubt not to manjN,
readers, in each, to compare the present with
the past and to trace down^lhe radiation and
expansion of population from the points which
were thus selected as important fifty years
ago.
Let us take another view. Attached to the
report to which we have referred for the particulars
given above, we find a resolution to
this effect:
" That notice be given in the State Gazette,
at Columbia, and in one of the Gazettes at
Charleston, of the time, places, and purposes
of the election,"
We have not at hand the means of ascertainincr
whether at the dato of this report?Dec.
1803?there was ho paper in the State out of
these places mentioned. Charleston then had
three journals and Columbia one, and even
had others existed in different points the facilities
of transmission would have restricted notification,
by the press, in great part to these
places. When we look around now and see
the number of news journals alone?exclusive
of religious and denominational organs?and
consider the amount of support given by our
people to publications issued beyond our limits,
we see another striking indication of progress. I
We question much whether, under the same
conditions of sparseness of population, post
office accommodations, expense, &c., a population
can be found that furnishes more readers to
the periodical press.
lu this matter as in others, we are too much
disposed to overlook what is around us, and to
tike for granted that whatever is frequently
asserted must be true, t. e., that we are and
must be behind hand in any comparison. The
press, which chronicles all things, often overlooks
its own exploits and triumphs. Cannot
our Carolina press become auto-biogrnphical in
some respect, and relate its own experience.?
In other words, might not important and interesting
additions be made to our State histo.
rv f each District.Journal now extant, would
furnish a full and authentic narrative of the establishment
and location of the press in its
section ? Land marks might thus be established
so that fifty years hence the retrospective observer
of the progress of the State would not
meet the difficulties that now beset one who
tries to see how matters stood '' fifty years
ago."
Couutship and Wedlock.?Courtship is
usually a mere school of deception. Jane prefers
that John should know as few of her faults
as possible before marriage?no matter how
nftartiroivle Shp HrPSSPS and mils Oil 1111
...... t
accustomed smiles to receive him. Thus the
Jane he loves and weds proves to be two different
persons. The former was angelic, the
latter is all human. The life of the sweetheart
is a brillinnt surface; that of the wife, a substance,
dark and full of imperfections. The
lover is no more candid than the mistress.?
What is the.natural result? Bitter disappointment.
Even where a good understanding exists
before marriage, and the bride and bridegroo
n have been wise enough to give each
other a fair insight into their true characters,
they arc apt to expect too much. They forget
that there arc certain counterpoises as to the
fruit and flowers in the paradise they are entering.
For briars they are in no way prepared.
It would seem they should learn from
those around them, since every youth and maid
en must have some experience with the married.
But every man fully believes himself to
be an object of peculiar favor of woman. His
case is an exception, bis ambition aims at what
was never reached by married mortals, and if
he be no philosopher, the failure will taste of
pill. " I compared notes with one of my
friends who expects everything in the universe,"
says Emerson, "and is disappointed when
anything is less than the best, and I found that
I began at the other pxtremc, expecting nothing,
and always full of thanks for moderate
goods." Would that all young persons could
could learn to enter the sacred ground of wedlock
with this philosophic spirit! But they
will not, nor never will. Hope is too sweet
for them. They will not stoop till they stumble.
Lofty expectation hovers over the precipice
of disappointment, towards which so many
of our married friends have been lured,
until too late to save themselves from tumbling
down.
Romantic Marriagk.?A few evenings ago,
as the cars of the Carrollton Railroad were approaching
the city, a little girl, about about
three years old. ran in front of the engine and
stopped on the of the track. The brakemen
attempted to stop the engine as soon as the
child was perceived, but on and on hurried
the iron monster, and just as it was about to
crush into the earth the beauteous victim which
thus so innocently braved its coming, the strong
arm of an athletic young man was stretched
forth, and at the hazard of another life, the
child was saved.
Loud was the shout of applause from the
few who witnessed the daring deed, and in
triumph the young man bore the child away,
and delivered it to its mother. Any attempt
to describe a mother's feelings on such an
occasion would be more than vain. She felt
as a mother alone can feel, when the darling
i of her heart?her only child?is rescued from
>' ? i> -i--ii.. l ?.:.L _?
tne very jaws 01 ueaui, nuu wiui ,iu eloquence
which no words can convey, she looked and
spoke her thanks.
That mother was a widow, young and fair as
the incarnation of a poet's dream; and withal
she was blessed with no little of this world's
goods; of coarse she was grateful to the pre.
server of her child's life, and as he was poor,
she offered to bestow upon him a goodly largess.
He, however refused to accept any
reward for doing what he considered to be
his duty, and so the matter for the time rested.
Since then an intimacy has sprung up between
the vming man and the grateful widow and
fhe result was, that they went together to
Mobile, where the widow's name is at the bynienial
alter to be changed, -and the young man
is to become not only the protector, but the
stepfather of the child he saved.
May the joys of the twain increase, and
their days be many.?iVT. 0True Delia.
4
South Carolina College*
SEMI-CKNTETfNIAL CELKBHATIOX,
The interest which all must feel in the approaching
celebration by the Alumni Associaof
the semi-centennary of this noble institutittfL
induces us to refer to the subject now,
for^tW?<fljKpose of invoking general attention
to it The"4Jumni of that college are nowscattered
far aird-j^ide throughout the South
and Southwest, and a's" the celebration will take
placo at an early period of the ensuing winter,
it may be advisable lo keep the subject before
the public.
We will annex first a brief abstract of proceedings
at a meeting of the Alumni, which
was held on last Commencement Day, Dec. 5,
1653?for the purpose of organizing the Alumni
Association, and preparing for the semi centennial
celebration.
The following officers were elected for the
nitrnoca nf crivinrr nrrrnni7.ation to the Alamui
... ? o Association:
W. C. PRESTON, President
JOHN L. MANNING, ) v. p ,t
JAS. n. THORN WELL, \ Vlce Prests'
F. W. McMASTER, Sec'y and Treasurer.
JOHN 13. FLOYD, Orator.
It has been announced, if we remember correctly,
that Gov. Floyd?a distinguished graduate
of the college, who, like our present Chief
Magistrate, has-borne as well as inherited gubernatorial
honors?has formally accepted the
duty assigned to him as first orator of the Associated
Alumni. The presence of such an or
ator will add much to the interests of the occasion,
which will be one long to be remembered,
we doubt not.
We appeal, therefore, to the friends of the
South Carolina College, and to the Alumni especially,
in behalfof the expected rally in December
next. The occasion will furnish a joyous
opportunity of reunion to many who have
long been scattered up and down along life's
dusty paths, without opportunities or renewing
friendships and alliances that had been formed
in the sequestrated shades of college life, and
it will also introduce to personal acquaintance
many wlio now know each other only through
the associations of a common Alma Mater.?
The fiftieth year of our State College?an institution
formed amid pecuniary embarrassments
and with a hopeful recognition of posterity by
large-minded and far-sighted statesmen?an institution,
the first of the kind in America, we
believe, that was formed untirely by State support,
independent of private donations and legacies?an
institution whose liberal Governors
have made it their chief object, in a spirit of
catholic provision, to give it the aid of the best
talents, wherever to be derived?an institution
whose rolls comprise a large majority of those
who, within the current century, have moulded
the opinions and embodied the spirit of the
State?an institution that has furnished faithful
governors, able legislators and eloquent advocates
to more than one of our sister States?
the fiftieth year of such an institution, we repeat,
presents an occasion that should not be
overlooked. It must bo an occasion of inter
est to all?one oi peculiarly acar mm aurauure
reminiscences to all who have partaken of the
intellectual nutriment there furnished. We
trust, therefore, that all concerned will look to
the matter in time, and that a gathering of the
Alumni from far and wide may be witnessed,
such as will add much to the exercises and in
tcrests of "commencement week"?that intellectual
gala and feast of reason annually enjoyed
by our political and literary capital.
With the legislative history and origin of the
college, our readers are no doubt familiar.?
We refer all interested, however, to a collection
and digest of the college laws, compiled
several years since by Edmund Bellinger, esq.,
by request of the trustees. We only annex a
few particulars, which have presented themonli-ne
tn ns inoirlonfjillv. in tumiuiT OVCr COn
temporary records of that day.
The trustees named in the acts establishing
the college met about the 20th of April, 1805,
and adopted provisional regulations, prescrib
ing the constitution of the classes, terms of admission,
and also gave notice that the institution
would open to students on the second
Monday in June, 1805.
Gov. James B. Richardson, in his message
of December, 1804, refers to the approaching
completion of the college, and congratulates the
Legislature on the favorable auspices attending
the commencement of the great enterprise they
had undertaken.
President. Mnxcy, elected to take charge of
the institution, arrived in Charleston on his
way to Columbia, on the 14th of November,
1804;
U ?? *)! #Vina 1\A won.
illh apjjruai;ili<j? wiiilci, iv mil vu.R WW ,
fairly completes a half century since the formal
organization of the college, and no period or
form of celebration can be so conveniently appropriated
to a commemoration of this impor- ;
tant event, as that adopted by the Alumni Association.
Let the Alumni, then, show that ;
they have not forgotten the nursery of dawning
manhood.? Charleston Courier.
Hard Talk.?The National Democrat, the i
Hard Organ in New York, in an article on (
the Custom House in that city, says: i
"There are now at responsible posts in that |
place forty or fifty thieves, boxers, shoulder (
hitters, thimble riggers pugilists, asassins, and |
common blackguards, who would lick all creation
if their masters are disturbed. If the (
President were to attempt to put other men in ,
their places, they would have their eyes knock,
ed out, if, indeed, the Custom House were not
burnt down over their heads."
A newly imported Dutchman, having enlisted
in the service of a military station not a
hundred miles from New York, was one evening
placed on guard. Seeing a couple of
gentlemen approaching, he challenged them
with. ' Who comes dare ?' ' Friends, with the
counter-sign.' 'Veil, if you ish frents, and
knows as ' Putlcr' is do gountersign, do gounter
sign ish gorrect. Pass, frents, mit de gountor
sign P?Knickerbocker for July.
' fj.
One of the German Almanacs remarks that
'A young girl is a fishing rod?the eyes are
the hook, the smile is the bait, the lover is the
gudgeon, and marriage is the butter in which
he is fried.' '
At a meeting of the Church of Englatid
Education Society, recently held in the city of
Manchester, the Rev. Hugh Stowcll spoke of
the antagonism of the drinking customs of his
country with its mental culture and moral advancement,
in a manner that might well startle
some of the conservative influences of " the
establishment." But such truths are needed
to educate the English mind up to the righteous
requirements of prohibition, and we hail their
utterance, before such a body, as a cheering
indication of progress in the right quarter.?
They may be more needed there than here, but
they are adapted to every locality that is cursed
by the liquor traffic. Said he :
it ii ? .? ?<-./-1iipntion.il
UUWUVCI V> o IllilJ caiciiu u?1 vv...v?
machinery, I am satisfied we can never keep
pace with the drinking machinery that is disgracing
and degrading this country. It is all
nonsense to talk about intellectual culture,
and places of amusement, and exhibitions, and
tea gardens, and places of that kind counteracting
the drunken usages of this country. So
long as this country has an immense class of individuals
who get their bread by manufacturing
drumkenness, and so long as an immense
proportion of the capital of this country is
staked upon the increased drunkenness of the
country, so long will it be impossible to elevate
the masses of this country. They may
givo them education, and churches, and every
moral and religious machinery, and may multiply
intellectual institutions, mechanics' institutions,
athenaeums, aud lyceums, and cheap publications,
but there will still be a mighty mass
of drunkenness throughout the country, disgracing
it before God and tnan, filling prisons,
lunatic asylums, work-houses, and all receptacles
of crime and misery. We must put a
stop to beer-houses altogether, and put restraints
upon our dram-shops and public-houses, such
as other countries were doing. America is
leaving us far behind in this matter; the daughter
is putting the mother far behind in the
race."
- ??
Desertion, Intemperance, and Death.?
One of those melancholy episodes in life, which
' ^ ...!*!?!? i>a akrnrun f f Ka
BO oildi come wiiuiu uic uuo^i iuhvu v.
denizens of a large city, where wealth and
poverty, crime and goodness, and all that is
amiable, bad or indifferent in the d-fferent phases
of human life, follow each other as in a panorama,
occurred yesterday morning.
For some time past a woman named Brid
get Powell has been residing in a house on
llace street, above Clay alley. She was married,
but her husband some time since deserted
her, sinco which she has been known to indulge
continually in the baneful practice of intoxicating
drink. On Friday night, when last seen,
she was observed by a light which shone from
her room, staggering about, evidently under
the. influence of the moral and physical poison
which she had been imbibing. Yesterday morning
ihc attention ofoflicer Suowfield was attracted
to the house, which he entered,4and there
upon the bare floor lay the livid corpse of the
wretched woman, while a beautiful child a lit?lo
frl^l enmn (wn T-D!tr<I fif nrrp. WAS UUCOn
?<| jjlll, OUII.V ..
sciously sitting, playing with the yet luxuriant
tresses which lay in wavy folds upon the cold
bosom of her whose spirit had flown to another,
and, it is hoped (for her) a happier world.
The remains of considerable personal attraction
still lingered like a sunny gleam upon the
depths of the blue sea, ere euwrapt in the sable
armor of night in the form and lineaments
of the departed. But a few years since she
was known as a bright, beautiful girl. The
example, it is said, of a dissipated husband
corrupted and brutalized her, and his desertion
?for she loved him, degraded as they both
were, with a woman's devoted and single-minded
love?drove her to a still more reckless
course. She must have died in the lethargy of
inebriation. A romance of misery !
Louisville Times.
Everywhere the Same.?The evils resulting
from the liquor traflic?misery, insecurity
to property and life, pauperism, crime, the loss
of health, position, hope, self-respect, every
thing which a man can prize?are not confined
to any particular latitude, but are found, as
the inevitable fruits of the traffic wherever it
exists. We have been impressed with this
u-liilo rf?iirlin<r the testimony recently
biuwa "....w 0 ^ " J t ( * *
given before a Committee of the British Parliament,
appointed to inquire into the operation
of the Beer Shop Act. Among others, B.
Gladstone Esq., (brbther of the Chancellor of
the Exchequer) was summoned before the
Committee. In tho course of his examination,
he expressed his confidence that the police
force now required for Liverpool, (900,) might
safely be reduced one-half, " if it were not for
the existence of the licensed public houses and
beer shops, and that they would not at this
moment have been under the necessity of erecting
a new gaol, at a cost of 100,000, (half a
million of dollars) from the borough funds,
were it not for the same cause." There is a
whole volume of argument in these simple
facts, and if they do not carry conviction to
every mind, of the absurdity and injustice of
the license system, it must he because either
prejudice, ignorance, or appetite, or perhaps all
combined, are not easily overcome by truth
and reason. But the light grows broader and
brighter, with the birth of each successive day,
and ignorance cannot long be urged as an excuse
for official fatuity.
More Romance.?Pierre Bertrand, on Saturday,
before Recorder Fillieul, made oath to
the effect that about eight years ago he bound
his daughter, Marie Bertrand, then aged about
ten years, as an apprentice to a man named
Tellot, who resides on Claiborne street, the ap
pren'.iceship to expire when the girl attained
the age of fifteen. Affiant then left the city,
and about fifteen months a<jo returned, and
when he inquired about his daughter, was told
by Tellot that he had placed her in a convent.
He, however, refused to tell the name of the
convent 111 which the girl had fieen placed, and
all of affiant's endeavors to loarn anything further
concerning his daughter proved wholly
unavailing." Business theii compelled affiant
to leave the city, and recently having returned
again and inquired of Tellot concerning his
clfild's disappearance, ho could obtain no satis
fiant to believe that Tellot lias' concealed his
daughter for some sinister purpose; wherefore
he prays that the said Tellot be .arrested and
required to state where she is, or account for
her disappearance in some satisfactory mannef.
N. 0. Delta.
A Speech before being Beheaded.
The Rev. C. Love, minister of Lawrence
Jewry, in London, was beheaded on Tower
Hill, August 22d, 1651, in the time of Cromwell;
for being suspected of plotting against
the government. While standing on the scaffold
he uttered the following most pathetic and
weighty remarks:
"Although ihere be but little between mo
and death, yet this bears up my heart, there is
little between me and heaven. It comforted
Dr. Taylor, the martyr, when he was going to
execution, that there was but two stiles between
him and his father's house?but two
steps between me and glory. It is but lying
down upon that block and 1 shall ascend upon
a throne. I am this day sailing towards the
ocean of eternity, through a rough passage to
my haven of rest; through a red sea to the
promised land. J think I hear God say to me,
as he did to Moses: 'Go up to Mount Nebo
and die there.' So to mc, 'Go up to Tower
"Ml 1 a 1 IJ
rim mm uie mere:
"Isaac said of himself that he was old, and
}-et he knew not the day of his death; but I
cannot say so. I am young, and yet I know
the day of my death also. 1 am to be put to
the same kind of death as two famous preachers
of the gospel wero before me. John the Baptist
and Paul the Apostle were both beheaded.
I read also, in liev. xx. 4, the sains were beheaded
lor the word of God and the testimony
of Jesus, hut herein is the disadvantage which
I lie under in the thoughts of many; they judge
that I suffer not for the word of God, or for
conscience?but for meddling with State matters.
To this I shrall briefly say, that it is an
old trick of Satan to impute the cause of God's
people's sufferings to be contrivements against
the State, when in truth it is their religion and
conscience they are persecuted for. The rulers
of Israel pretended to put Jeremiah to death
upon a civil account, though indeed it was only
the truth of his prophecy that made the ru'
-1h!?-? - ? J <*4 thftn r\i>Atan/larl
lers IIDgry Willi iiuiij miu J rv mcjr |nc?uu?
he must die, because they said he would have
brought in foreign forces to invade the land.?
The same thing is laid to my charge, of which
I am as innocent as Jeremiah was. So Paul,
though he did but preach Christ Jesus, yet his
enemies would have him put to death, under
pretence that he has a mover of sedition. Upon
a civil account it is pretended my life is to be
taken away. Whereas it is because I pursue
my covenant, and will not prostitute my principles
and conscience to the ambition and lusts
of men. I had rather die a covenant keeper
than live a covenant breaker. Behold, I am
this day making a double exchange ; I am
' ' ? 1 ? " ? U AM/4 rl AAA fl/ V1 rl
cnflnging u jjujpit iur u scmiuiu^ nuu a ovnuviu
for a throne; and I might add a third, I am
changing the presence of this numerous multitude
on Tower Hill for the innumerable company
of saints and angels in heaven, the holy
hill of Zion?and I am changing a guard of
soldiers for a guard of angels, which will receive
me and carry me to Abraham's bosom.
This scaffdd is the best pulpit that ever I
preached in. In my church pulpit, God,
through his grace, made me an instrument to
bring others to heaven; but in this pulpit ho
will bring me to heaven."
After he said : "Though my blood be not the
blood of nobles, yet it is Christian blood, minister's
blood, yea more, it is innocent blood.?
I magnify the riches of God's ipcrcy and.grace
towards me, that I, who was born in Wales,an
obscure country, and of obscure parents, should
be singled out to honorable sufferings. For
the first fourteen years of my life I never heard
a sermon preached, yet in the fifteenth year of
my life it pleased God to convert me. Blessed
be God, who not only made me a Christian,
but also a minister, which is my glory. I had
rather be a preacher in a pulpit than a prince
upon a throne; I had rather be an instrument
to bring souls to heaven, than that all nations
should bring tribute to me. Formerly I have
been under a spirit of bondage?yea, sometimes
I have had more fear in the drawing out j
of a tooth than now I have for the cutting off
my head. When fear was upon me aeatn was
not near; now when death is near to me, every
fear is vanished. I am comforted in this,
though men kill me, they cannot damn me;
though they thrust me out of the world, yet
they cannot shut me out of heaven. I am going
to my long home, and you to your short
shome; but I shall be at my home before you
be at yours."
He prayed, that seeing he was called to do
the work which he never did, he might have
the strength which he never had.
Opium Smoking in China.
.In a letter from Canton, dated September 8,
1853, Bayard Taylor gives the following nc
count of what he saw and experienced in the
way of opium smoking:
In spite of the penalties attached to it by
Chinese law, the smoking of opium is scarcely
a concealed practice at present. I have seen
it carried on in open shops in Shanghae, where
there are some streets which are never free
from the sickening smell. It had always been
my intention to make a trial of the practice, in
order to learn its effects by persona! experience,
and being now on the eve of leaving China, I
applied to a gentleman residing here, to put
me in the way of enjoying a pipe or two. He
was well acquainted with a Chinaman who is
addicted to the practice, and by an agreement
l-i *~* * 4 A l,,n U/vMBi* 1 not AlfAti Inrr
Willi film, IUUK II1C tU 1113 uvuoc laon vwniiig*
We were ushered into a long room, with a divan,
or platform about three feet high, at the
further end. Several Chinamen were in the
room, and one stretched out on the platform,
was preparing his pipe at a lamp. The host invited
rae to stretch myself opposite to him, and
place my head upon one of those cane head
stools which serve the Chinese in lieu or pillows.
The opium pipe is a bamboo stick, about
two feet long, having a small drum inserted'
near the end, with an aperture in its centre.?
A niece of opium, about twice the size of a
/ 2- < i
*? V '
? V ** - 1 ' *
- - - <
held in a flame of the lamp until it boils or hub* ' Sjjfl|
hies up, when it rs rolled iirtna cylindrical.
'shape on the drum, by the aid of the wire.j iJ^gR
loses its dark color by the heating, and becomes'
pale and soft. Having been sufficiently.rolled;
it is plaeed'OVcr the aperture, and the wire,
after being thrust through its centre, to^allofr:
the air to pass into the pipe, is withdrawn.?V-sfB
The pipe is then held to the flamej and^os thfcjraggj
opium burns, its fumes are drattn
lungs by a strong and long continued firspira.^; Jj
tion. In about half a. minute the'
exhausted,.and the smoker is ready fof
cond pipe. >
To my surprise I fonnd the taste of the
as delicious as its smell is disagreeable... It 'V>1^?
leaves a sweet, rich finvor, like the^
quorice, upon the palate, and the gentle stirim- '&jm
lus it communicates to the blood in tho hirta^ .
fills the whole body with a sensHtionof warrrdjt
and strength. The fumes.of the opium are Jib /V$j
more irritating to the windpipe or Jirqnclilal ^
tubes, than common air, while they s^m jnr- -3
bucd with a richness of vitality far beyooil
diluted oxygen. I had supposed that opiirm V
was smoked entirely for the purpose of mental
exhilaration, and that to the smokers, as to
many who intoxicate themselves with arjft rit ^
spirits, there was no sensuaj gratification'^
mere taste of the article. The rctfereBisjm^^
doubtedly the truth, and the practice, the'fe- .
tore, is oouwy dangerous, lis victim oecomeracM
hopelessly involved in its fascinating ii^usTdnViv ^j
and an awful death, such as I witnessed
lung 6ince, is sure, sooner or Jater to ovcrtako ;
him who indulges to excess. I have
strong confidence in my own power of reslsN ^
ance, but nothing could induce tne to ma#? t J
the experiment a second time. -Bey
ond the feeling of warmth, vigor andjJpfo^M
creased vitality, softened by a happy conscidfjfs--"
ness of repose, there was no effect, until after
finishing the sixth pipe. My spirits then^e^iiaH
came joyously excited, with a constant tfispo^':~J3
sition to laugh; brilliant colors floated bcfoTre
my eyes, but in a confused and cloudy wtfry -v:^
sometimes converging into spots like the ejfes -1
in a peacock's tail, but oftenest melting irtfax - 2
and through each other, like the hues of change
able silk. Had the physical excitement been M
greater, they would have taken form and cufc'-^^jj
stance, but after smoking nine pipes I desist^
inruugu iuar ui Huujecung niyseu iu awuie uur
pleasant after-effect Oar Chinese host '
ed me that lie was obliged to take iWerifyr 'Jm
pipes, in order to elevate his mind to theptfQli
of perfect happiness, I went home feeling-fa*
ther giddy, and became so drowsy with slight $0
qualms of the stomach, that I went to bed.kt
an early hour. A.fter a "deep and refreshm^^: ^
sleep, I arose at sunrise, feeling stronger fufcfc M
brighter than 1 had done for weeks past ' |
History of Cholera.?The first digtcts
date that we have in reference to chojkft^^
that in the year 1781 it attacked a body of ;;
troops at Cunjum, a coast town 535 inrjwf
northeast of Madras, which latter place d j
reached during the next year. In theygip. .
1783, it attacked many of the native inbabj- ->jg|
tants of India, and twenty thousand deaths; JS
occurred. It then disappeared, but in 18l7j5j6L <j3J
again, appeared, and fairly earned its nnnw.&? 'f|
a terrible epidemic disease, in Jessoie ?
ten thousand deaths, in a population of sixty. ;|
thousand, took place. From India it wasraupr f J
posd to have heen conveyed by ships ,!<> j
Mauriiu, the Dutch East Indies and. Chitia., '
In 1821 it had reached the Persian Gulf, and
continuing its western progress we find ifcjjn ' '
the Banks of the Tigris?thence into Caucajsi
and finally, oh the 14th of September. 1830 it
reached Moscow. Taking the course of great J
rivers, the Don and the Volga, the disease
rapidly extended itself over Russia^. Ja Trittz .
uary 1832, the cholera appeared at EdinTinrgiL
on the 4th of Fehuary at London; and in
March at Dublin. Culias and Paris were also
attacked in March.
The ninth of June, 1832, will evcy he femembered
as the period when this scourgCaB
appeared on the American Continent. . It .7
appeared at Quebec, where it was alBO very ^
io?i 'i'l. r. 4
SVVITO iii 1(719. t lie mat uun mi ntn jlvia: -j
occarrcd on the 24th of June of the some yelwv * i
and the disease disappeared in October. ry*
is estimated that in fourteen years, from IQI?
to!S21, the disease carried off eighteen millions.
of inhabitants of Ilindostan. The number of
cases in England and Wales in 1831-12 was !
G1,236 ; deaths 20,929. In Scotland, 30,202.
were attacked, of whom 10,540 died. .4a ireland
there were 54,552 attacks, and 21,18i
deaths. In the city of London there were !(,* jjj
020 cases and 6,275 deAths. . Tjie disease yjw-" ,-x
ited Spain and Italy in 1825-'9 and finally
disappeared from Europe in 1836-8, thoqglijfe
lias twice or thrice reappeared since,.and \'.w
now, in tnis country, an annual visitor. , j
FBAItFUL STATE OF ANARCHY ItV ClIlNJ^- * ^
Private letters and circulars received in Pgtiton
from China, by the Arabia, give accounts of a
sad 6tate of" affairs in that country, , the.result
of the civil war which has been so long raging
there. The Boston Traveller says: _ u
The old government bnviug jfcs^imds fully
occupied in repelliogttfie attackV^>fxhe insui>
gents in the vicinity o|?ekin, batfds of armed
robbers are devastating the couniry, particularly
the Central Provinces. One letter states
that forty-eight tea companies had returned to.
Shanghae from the Central Provinces,;having
been robbed of all their means of purchase.
The great commercial mart of Honan hts
been burnt by an armed mob. Ningehow, the
district from whence the Mouing teas are ^
brought, is stated to he in possession of an
armed rabble, who have beheaded the Manda--.
nns and taken possession of the Government.
In some Provinces the Mandarins have forbid- ' /
J 1?- ^ah fbft fone #Uof U. Wffl'* I S"A
uen IVH9 IU uc g'vmij iUI vnu iv.01 ui?v ?* v??
attract the attention of the insurgents. These
disturbances, it was thought, would serioifslj
affect the forwarding of teas. All was quiet at
Can tan.
Wittv?A student of Latin being confined
to his room by sickness, was called upon by a ' **>
friend. "What, Joliu," said the visitor, "sick,
eh ?" "Yes," answered John, ct?e ?/?/"
Choose not your wives as you do grapes,
I from the bloom on them. ,
V?* ' ' *T V ' _ 'm
.r. 'C