^ i r \ UKS- f */ VOLUME XV. CAMDEN, SOUTH-CAROLINA, TUESDAY MORNING, MARCH 7, 1854. NUMBER 10. ??? ? i ???! PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY O THOMAS J. WARREN. tl T EIM1S, J Two Dollars if paid in advance; Two Dollars and Filly Cents if payment be delayed three months, and e Three Dollars if not paid till the expiration of the year, k ADVERTISEMENTS will be inserted at the fol- \ lowing rates: For one Square, (fourteen lines or less,) jj soventy-five cents for tho first, and thirty-seven and a L half cents for each subsequent insertion. Single in- ^ eertions. oue dollar per square; semi-monthly, month- ' ' ly and quarterly advertisements charged the same as a 1 for a single insertion. n L*5^*fho number of insertions desired must be noted jj ou the margin of all advertisements, or they will be ^ published uutil ordered discontinued anu cnargeu accordingly. * > ^olitirnl. j > SPEECH OF IHR STEPHEN'S. j S The following condensed report of the re- ! marks of Mr. Stephens, of Georgia, 011 the , Missouri Conipromise and the Nebraska ques. , ^ | tion, we copy from the National Intelligencer: Mr. Stephens, of Georgia, said that he was , "J very anxious, the day before yesterday, when (. the gentleman from Vermont (Mr. Meacham) | 11 I A !.? ......il,...... I, f.Aiii Vaiv Yurlf I M I'. Full i ^ ttiiu tuc - ... y . ton) addressed the committee on the Nebraska u bill, to submit some remarks in reply to some : P' of the positous then assumed by those gentle- ! ntcn. He desired to do so at that time, but ! . ^ the opi?ortnnity was not afforded him; and 11 ft though he did not bring to-day the same inte- P K rest in the question that he should then have * brought, yet he thought it important that the position assumed by the gentlemen referred to, 1,1 should be answered, and answered as soon as | B possil>le. It was for this purpose that he arose j a' B to address the committee to-day, and be as c' P brief as possible. j1,1 The gentleman from Vermont, if lie under , 6tood the train of bis argument, contended, 11 first, that the restriction against slavery in the territory acquired bv by the purchase of Loui (J siana, north of 30 de::. 30 min. uoilh latitude u was in the nature of ?i compact ; and that to declare this restriction inoperative would l>e in d; t violation of i!ie contract made in 1820. And, Vl secondly, tliit this contract had been contiuu- ci , ously adhered to from the day of its adoption to the present time ; and that any breach of it j now would be attended with disastrous conse- w * ? - ? ? . r 1 ni Iquenccs to the [ ace, qmci, auu icpu-e ui wv - country. lie (Mr. S.) now proposed to take j up each liraneh of the gentlemen's argument, j In and show, even to the honorable member him J ,\l self, that every pait of it was indefensible. In st the fii st place he would state that the Sth dc secli'?u of the act preparatory ttitu- ei ion, prohibiting (he inlroduction of free ne- c< roes there. 11 It was upon these disagreeing votes that Mr. e< 'lay offered his ooniproniise. providing that p ilissoiiri should be admitted if she would pa*s j >< law declaring that clause of her eon-timtirn ! ej hould not violate the constitution of the I'ni- j i* ed States. Now, this was a compact?a sol- I w mil compact ; because it took two parties to w onstitute a compact, and in this instance Con- in ress was a party to it and Missouri was a par- ? v to it. The e^wmeiit re>trictiug slavery iorlh of Cti dog. 30 min. never was any ling but a law ; there was no compact about ? Missouri never gave her sanction to it. So ir as the territory outside of her limits was y onverned, she had no right to do it. w As to the other point, the gentleman from V crmont had insisted that this act of 1820 was C solemn engagement between the South and je ie North, and that the South now ought to dliere to it. So far as this line is concerned, 5 a Southern man he would state that his sec on never proposed it; a majority of the outh had always been against it; and had a I ays held it unconstitutional. He believed s could state this fact with authority. The * outh acquiesced in it when an overwhelming ir I majority ot tne i\onn pressed upon mem i ae j~( South was all the time protesting against it ; hut her fidelity to the Union caused her to yield her cherished sentiments of right for the sake of peace and harmony. I>ut has the North abided by this so-called t, compromise? Why was it not extended thro' (, .N'ew Mexico and Utah? Was it because the a] South was untrue to it ? The South ofFered it c| again and again, and it was the same overwhcl iLiing majority of the North that refused it ; f, fr.d not satisfied with the territory North of s; yt> deg. 30 min. they said they would have all south of that line. f. The gentleman from Vermont had spoken of o "honor," and the gentleman from New York, g (Mr Fenton) had said that this compact had re u ceived the a pproval of the North for a period of t JO years. Gentlemen would take notice that ii if im:v compact was made between the North I and South, in 1620, it was that south of 36 r dcg. 30 min. slavery should exist, ami uoith ii f thai line it should he excluded. Now, had lie North abided by this so-called compact?? lad she ever given her sanction to it? The rst State that applied for admission after the nactment of this law, was the State of Aransas, which was south of 3G dog. 30 min. Vho moved to disturb this compact then which lie gentleman from New York said had receiv d the sanction of the North for thirty years ? Vhy, M . Juhn Quincy Adams, who moved to mend the constitution of the State thus apply}g, so as to make it provide that nothing in le act should be "construed as an assent by 'ongress to the article in the Constitution of tic said State relating to slavery and to the mancipation of slaves." &c., which received le votes of eighty gentlemen from the North, mong them the gentleman's (Mr. Meacham's) redecessor, Heman Allen, of Vermont. The . nth-man had spoken ?f "contract"and "honr." Did the South ever thus distuib this lie ? Did the South ever propose to touch it? Ivory attempt to disturb it came from the o.th and the gentleman's own State. Honr! '! thank thee, Jew, for that word."? /henever we heard men from the North raisig their cries for the compact of 1820, and [ pealing to Southern men to stand by it, he ould tell tlu-m that if that compact no longer xisted, it was they themselves that broke it; had never been disturbed by the South.? OLwithstanding Missouri formed her constituon upon the very principle set forth in the reparatory act of 1820, every man from the orth except four voted against her admission! 'he North thus violated this compact within ine months after its enactmect! He noticed a few weeks since, in the Nation* I intelligences, a paper of long standing in this runtry, an article speaking of this cnmpro* iise as not much less sai led than the Consti* ition itself. It was ?*nouirh to make the lib.rod id cold iii the heart of every patriot to hear f any attempt to disturb it! Yet when John miney Adams in 183(5, moved to disturb it, hy did not the Intelligencer sound the alarm lut the constitution ami the country were in anger? When eighty men fro.n the North Dted to disturb it, why did net the Iulclligcntr speak out ? When fifty two men recordJ their votes against the admission of Arkan >s, because her eon>ti:ulion tolerated slavery !iv did not this conservative paper then speak jt ? But he niu^t pa>s on. Air. S. then cited various instances, in which 2 said that the Ninth refused to abide by the lissouti act, to prove that while the South bad nod by that compromise the Noitli had not jne so. Hi- granted that the Nebraska bill d not propoM- di erlly to repeal the Missout?> alinrtv tfiiit the* inciples of the compromise of lb'20, and that ' 1850 were inconsistent. He eloquently adleated the principle upon which the comproisc of 1850 was based, and then stated that ? diil not agree with those who thought there mild be much excitement upon this question, e believed that day was passed, and thccoiin v understood this question too well, North id Smith. There ruighht be some who. un r executive patronage, or for the purpose of itainiug that patronage, might have given line kind of adhesion to the Compromise of 350; init the adhesion was hut temporary.? Ic had never douhted hut that time would one when the same spirit whieh was so ramant in J850 would break out again. Hyd roliobia was never cured; negroisin was hardly rer cured. lie referred to the mobs at Boston, at Syraise, and at ChiKtiana, and enquired if Southrn blood had ? ll'tl VU3 UliU'MIU 111 Lllill V I I J fe itiv imt informed that the Ant i Nebraska onventieles passed ain resolutions on tlu.* subct: " Intelligent persons sometimes wonder whore II the crime that infests society can conic from, 'hey will cea-e to wonder, if they will but * lie ct upon the fact that there are ten thouwd children in this city alone, who are either ithout parents or fiiends, or are trained sysimatieally by their parents to vagrancy, begary and crime ; not only shut out utterly and opclessly Iroin all moral influences, but exused day and night to the contamination of rime, and taught by example, the swiftest of . nchcrs, its worst excesses; growing up into outh and maturity without even knowing how ) get an honest living, and predestined thus oin their very infancy to become the pests ud the victims of society. It is from this lass that our army of thieves and murderers > annually reinforced. Here is the nursery 'oin which Come forth in due time the thou amis of hardy, expert and reckless villains gainst \vh?>111 we bar our doors in vain, and oni whom we arc compelled at last to protect ursclves by the dread machinery of the duncon and the gallows. This is the hot-bed in diich society raises its criminals?in which it rains its children to habits of crime?shutting rom ihem the light of knowledge?screening hem carefully from all sympathy and kindly i-gard fioin the classes above them?surroundig their budding passions and evil propensities with whatever can stimulate them into a ranli and precocious growth?and then sweeping them into its dungeons, or hanging them b)1 the neck until they are dead, in self defence." "Bunkum" Legislation. As the Nashville True Whig remarks, the very amusing report of the chairman of the "committee on Bunkum"' in the House ol Representatives, upon the bill to reduce the pay of members of the Legislature, is thebcsl specimen of burlesque upon the " Bunkum'1 legislation of the day ; and particularly of the present Legislature of Tennessee. The report is subjoined. Report of the Special Committee on " Bunkum" to whom urns referred " A bill to diminish the compensation of Members of the Legisla tire." The special Committee on Bunkum, to whom was referred House Bill No. ?, have had the bill under painful consideration ami beg leave to report that they would have no objection in the world to repo. ting in favor of the passag1.* of a bill that diminishes the perdiein ol future members of the Legislature, but from the laet that some few of said cornmi tee stiil cling loudly to the hope of some day reluming as members of this Honorable body ?and feel that seals in the Legislature, uninvested with the charm of four dollars a da}', would be, indeed, a " beggary account of empty benches." Those of your committee who took passage in " the omnibus," feel that they have taken a short yet sorrowful trip to their political graves ?martyrs to the future glory and grandeur ol Tennessee ; of course, they feel no personal interest in refus ng to retrench the rations ol those upon whom their mantles niii-t. fall hereafter. Tender considerations lor the financial fortunes of those of the committee whose political fortunes were not wrecked in "the Omnibus*' alone constrain your committee from recommending the passage of the hill - and while they do not recommend its passage, they also do not recommend its rejection. Your committee, then, as a whole, would not he understood as reporting very strong on either side of the question. Indeed, your committee, think it no part of their business to report on the subject matter of any bill before them. ' " ^ nt f */.fo iKn r\/-? u?n?v'' mI* o ptrut. uj.? imta wiiiiavu uiv ?? * committee which, as its name indicates, is composed of members who regard the rules and practices and monotonous procec lings ol ordinary legislation, as shackles and fetters which genius should scorn to wear in a free country. They therefore claim the privilege of brunchhu7 in whatever direction tln-ir ineli nation may lead?and under this clear and unr they recommend that the American eagle be permitted to fly, horizontally to " earth's loneliest bound and ocean's wildest shore," and that perpendicularly, the proud bird be permitt.wl r/i pool' until Kmt Kin rr Ktc nlnmnari* In tll(? . ?U IV ?"? ? .........g ...? p.- a- ... clouds, he shall settle on the highest round of " Jacob's ladder," and an eternal sunshine shall settle on him. ) Chairman of Bunkum Committee. Heart Burnings. Whoever heard of a marrie i couple becoming r estranged and " put asunder" by great adver' sity, by real troubles, by deep domestic afflictions, or the severest calamities? Yet heart alienations, domestic discord, and family disruptions, occur every day from the most trifling circumstances; from little trials and insignificant difficulties. The reason is, that great troubles call up the latent energies of mind and heart to meet and overcome them, while small things are considered too trifling to he endured ; and in the attempt to cure thorn, they are often aggravated to a remediless conI dition. Iii this world there is and can be no cup of earthly happiness unmixed with a drop of gill; but, on the other hand, there is no cup of bitterness without some attempering sweet. The true doctrine of domestic comfort is, to lessen every evil that is thrown in our way as ntuch I as possible, and patiently endure what cannot be helped, while wo strive to economize every joy and multiply every ray of happiness by all tiie means in onr power. He who expects to live in this world without meeting with some 4 ?-uiiv di?.(nTclTTtmv"t": haa a wrong estimate of the world, and if ho or she cannot meet them without indulging in heart | burning and bickering, better that you had never been born, for the whole of life will be ' a scene of anguish, followed by a hopeless death. We are, in a majority of cases, the ! architects of our own misfortunes and consequent u: happiness. We cannot cast the blame upon the author of our being, for he desires our happiness, and has provided means whereby we may secure tlio priceless boon, r It we indulge in heart-burnings, and make war upon each other, it is because the great principles of truth are forgotten. ; Alas! how light a causo may niovo Dissensions between hearts that love! ' Hearts that tlio world in vain had tried, i And sorrow but tnoro closely tied; mi,-it otnnH tlm stnrm when waves woro rourb. i Yet in a sunny hour fell off; i Liko ships that havo gone down at son, [ When heaven was all tranquility. -?#? Hand uaid Happiness. ? " Mind in its own place and in itself; Can make a heaven of hell, a hell of heaven.'' i We do not suppose that .Milton intended in these lines to convey the idea, as his deliberate i and honest conviction, that the mind could i make a heaven of hell, or a hell of heaven. He was, unquestionably, speaking hyperboli cally, and intended to teach, that mind is nil powerful in its influences upon personal happiI ness. It may be made the instrument of one's . almost boundless felicity or wretchedness. It f is true the mind is, in a {.-real decree, depon dent upon the body for its sound and heaithv i action, but, in most instances, it can and ought . to control the tegument of flesh, wedding, as it > does, unlimited power in this, its earthly tern f pie. If the body is given up to intemperance I in eating, or drinking, or in any tiling else, it i is proof, at once, that the mind has lost its L balance, or is not doing its duty. If the mind i has no startling images of terror to arise beI fore it?if it .-inks into a lethargic sieep under circum-tances like these?its impressions have 1 already become morbid, and hopes of refonna tioii arc exceedingly doubtful. Such ail inJi i vidua! is fast sinking into tiiat condition in which phantasiua originate, and presents to its terror-stricken subjects, wandering demons of r night, creatures of phantom and fiendish form, ) lights of lurid flame, serpents spit tine fire and i other objects equally as repulsive and terrific. I It is not, however, only by indulgcncies, like these, that the mind can make of itself a hell. ; A man may not drink to excess?he may be, r even temperate in his diet, and vet, he may s burn up bis soul with envy, malice, slander, 1 malevolence, hate, and other fiery and baleful ; passions. Such persons, sooner or later, have the stain of blood upon their consciences, or nolle in their bosoms the tort urine fiend of hopeless remorse. He. who wantonly and per 2 MStcntly pursues a course which darkens life r with so many ills?which distills tho poison of - a slanderer's tongue?which withers tho confif denco of friendship and blights the fair, sweet flowers of hope and happiness?is making a - hell of his own mitul, not so much to torture - others, as himself. The mind : what is it ? It is all that gives dignity uud glory to man. It is his intellectual sun, from which as a creature, he derives whatever allies him to Deity and gives him assurance of immortality. If that is wounded, corrupted, eclipsed, gone are all the golden dreams of human dignity and glory. Man falls down towards the brutes and the lurid Hashes of his reason exhibit but little superiority to the dullness of their instinct. But we delight to contemplate this great gift of heaven, this spirituality of ethereal birth, in the nobleness of its origin and the power and glory of :ts purposes. It was made to rove upon earth and see and admire its beauties?to visit its fields and bowers and its groves j of every bright hue and flower and fruit?to ; cross the blue waters and study the wonders ' of the mighty deep?to fly above earth with its cities and hiils, its improvements and its ruins, far towards the glittering sun seated in the bluefeslal heavens?there to load its pinions with new discoveries and sublime thoughts fit to thrill it with noble aspirations in searching into the mysteries of creation. Such a mind as this, illuminated with science, regaled with a thousand sweet odors of nature's kingdom, and serenaded with summer sounds and sweet soft notes borne upon gentle winds?such a mind looks out upon the stupendous miracle before it exhibited in the majestic oak or the sweet-smelling violet, the great sun or a burning gas-light, and is enraptured bv all that comes within the range of its vision. The baliny air is sweeter to it than I the ambrosia of Olympus?the perpetual music 1 of breathing Nature, in wi lds, and woods, and waves, or, as piouucod with such enchanting power by human art?the blushing fruits which delight the eye and gratify the taste?the blue sky above and the green earth beneath?the constellated heavens and the sparkling beauties of universal nature?these and other laughing voices, and enchanting beauties scattered on every hand, make the duly endowed and cultivated mind overflow with gratitude to Heaven and benevolence towards mankind. It is this unison between the mysteries of Nature and spirit, between the glory of the one and the reciprocal emotions of the other, which clothes the world in its richest garb and its highest interests to man. God, who made them all, sees proper to reveal himself only in his works. Man, then, seizes upon materiality, and under the great planetary laws which govern our solar system, be in some measure, seems to direct the destiny of earth. Thus gifted and honored, the mind of man was made lo flourish like any other of creation's irlories. and to confer happiness as pure O ?| 4 aU.J 4-"?1 -? =.iuuiAi uf the divine e^onea _ . made separate and endowed with corporature, could bestow upon created and immortal beings. Georgia Home Gazette. Siugulur Case of Insanity. We copy the following particulars of a case o fin sanity from the interesting report of Dr. Clement A. Walker, Suporintendant of tho Boston Lunatic Hospital. In alluding to the patients under his charge, he says : One case, from the peculiarity of its origin, and its singular manifestation, is worthy of notico. The subject, a young man of fine intellectual powers, seemed, on admission, almost distracted with fear?not that of vague form, so often noticed in a certain class of tho insane, of imaginary enemies?but of the more tangible one, of officers of justice. When, for the purpose of making remedial application, it was deemed necessary to use temporary restraint, his terror was pitiable. Upon recovery we learned that during tho incipient stages of an attack of tho delirium tremens, induced by the use of opium and alcohol, he had taken from the owner a valuable article of property, and carried it in open day through the streets to his lodgings. That afternoon medical advice was called, and he remained under treatment for several days. At length leep was induced and he awoke in his right mind. During that day, while sitting up in bed, his eye fell upon the abstracted article.? At the sight of it, the tult recollection ot ma crime rushed upon him, and with it an overwhelming sense of shame and terror J'or its probable consequences. He besought his landlady to send for his employer. She feigned to do so, and for long hours lie lay tortured with anguish, t'll fearing, front tho absence of hi in he had injured, that all was lost, reason was dethroned, and he became a maniac. Upon his recovery, a letter was sent to liiseinpluyer, detailing the ciiounistances, and confessing his guilt, in terms such as a sensitive and Inmost mind alone could indite. It is almost needless to say that it met with a noble and generous response. Effects of Peksevkrancf..?Some years ago we mentioned the ease of a mechanic in this city, a man of more than ordinary intel loot, who, having become very intemperate, was induced to join the Sons. He relapsed repeatedly, and every time scorned to sink - 1 I ----- 1 . f I. A .MAxa lower ami inner, ami 01 vmnai: ui-gumu muio hopeless. Ho Jin ally had the Snake Fever? became a terror to his family and the neigh, bore, but the same brother who hail originally sought him out out, si ill followed him with his kind ofli'-es in his relapses, would bring him back and try to strengthen his good resoluious, and render him pecuniary aid. It was near a year ago we heard of him wallowing in tho ditch, and as it appeared to us, a hopeless case. I>ut we now learn that the same kind brothe who had so long borne with him, was ' not yet discouraged, he f< lie wed him sti I, and ' the consequence is that for eight or ten months J the poor drunkard has been a sober industri1 i'us man. Who can set limits to the power cf i kindneSo and perseverance.