Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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lopment, yet oirounisto|ices.are changed, und in that maddening cateer of worldly progress which she, top, hi now entering, wc should beware of overlooking the value of moral worth, tfhere is Some? thing to bo cultivated b# our people far more important than physieol progress, without which no national prosperity can be real or permanent. As the elo? quent Chunning has told us: "The great ?distinction of a people?the only one worth possessing, and which brings after it all other blessings?is the providence of a pure spirit among the citizens." This is the ttrstr essential-of n'couritTy'y greatness, and in the nuiuo of a common country's welfare, wo should, in these latter days of worldly progress, all unite in urging the importance of cultivating And chorishing a high moral tone?purity as well as force of public character. Before concluding the task assigned me at this our first re-union, permit mo to advert briefly to a few features of our Confederate struggle, which have not yet received tho prominence in tho public estimation to which their importance en? titles them. While the military genius of our generals and tho courage and dash of our troops aro universally con? ceded, tho individuality which pecu? liarly distinguished tho Confederate sol? dier is general overlooked. It has no parallel on so grand a scale in military history, and was decidedly the most re? markable characteristic of our armies. It has, produced a marked impression in military- circles abroad, if it has not already caused something'of a revolution in tactics. This same individuality, which changes the battalion from a mere machine into an aggregate, intelligent, thinking unit, has been of late diligently cultivated in the Prussian system, and is fully appreciated by. the German com? manders. The idea ho longer prevails, as it did formerly, that all independence of action in the soldier should be drilled out of him, for the brilliant Confederate victories achieved by this individuality of tho rank and'file has taught the world its value. The uso of temporary and bastilyroopstructod earth-works in the lield', to supply the deficiency of num? bers, WAS. another * equally striking fea? ture of our Confederate tactics. Only a few occasions aro reported on which a similar system' had been regularly adopt? ed previously, and its. value on,an.active campaign had never been'duly recog? nized. Its wonderful success in the., campaign from tho Wilderness to Peters? burg demonstrated that brave troops, under a skillful leader, can always.re? main in tho field against at least two or three times their number, and certainly should not bo forced into fortifications and surround oil. Lee, although vastly outnumbered on this campaign, re? pulsed every attack of his persistent op? ponent?a single rank of his half-fed, half-olothed heroes, hurling back re? peated assaults of heavy columns; while in the campaigns of Sedan, Metz and Paris, armies equal in numbers to those of the Germans were actually surround? ed and forced to surrender by tho Prus? sian commanders. Think of Lee, with anything approaching equality of num? bers, being surrounded! Impossible, bo long as a few spades of earth could be thrown up along the front and the lines thus almost indefinitely extended. I venture the assertion that in defensive warfare, Lee has never been excelled, if ho has ever had his equal, in the annals of tho world's history, and that his brave veterans behind 'temporary field works were more nearly invincible to an attack upon their front than was ever any army of which history gives us an account. Again, as regards tho cause itself for which our comrades offered up their lives. We should never admit that it involved a useless sacrifice. For other? wise! Every instinct of honor and of. manhood, upon the facts as then pre? sented, required tho effort. We were overpowered by superior numbers and resources; but we did our duty, and good must ever result from duty faithfully performed. We have, At least, recorded upon the pages of history, in undying colors of blood, a people's prolest against interference, in popular governments, with tho constitutional rights of the mi? nority. It is a protest which will be re? spected, for it was earnest, determined and grand. We should, ever bear in mind the distinction between principle and the issues which may from time to time be raised in their defence. Princi? ples are based upon truth, justice and right, and are, consequently, eternal. Issues that may bo raised and joined, undor the forms of a principle, are based upon expediency, upon the adopted po? licy of the hour, change with circum? stances, and are, in any ovent, temporary and evanescent. Principles are neither affected by success nor by failure?being above the accidents of time and circum? stance. Issuos stand 'or fall, according to their success Or failure, and are judged solely by the rule of "might" Tho issue upon which our Confederate conflict was joined was secession, and the arbitra? ment of the sword decided against it; but social self-government was tho prin? ciple for which wo fought. This princi? ple is freedom, is liberty itself, and. is as right, as true, as eternal as that principle of allegiance for whica the North con? tended. Tho result,'then, condemned, according-to recognized rules, the issue of secession, but affected not the sacred principle for which that issue was made. Tho issue was forced upon us, In our judgment, by the attack of a minority faction against our local rights;' and although the majority at the North dis? countenanced this threatened attack, yet whon the issue Of secession was made by tho South, the spirit of loyalty was. aroused at the North. ' Their people con* doused the Issue of- secession, and against it the*/ united under the princi? ple of allegiance. White, then, all .'re? cognize the Isauo of secession as finally disposed of. the people of the North, as well as those of the South, revere and ?cherish the ever-living principle of free? dom which inspired us in the contest; and it i*the:tnutual recognition of these . two. principles?freedom, allegiance - ; Under whose, respective banncrs.tho'see- '; pons were arrayed, that fnrnisnedv.tho : .basis for tha^ enlarged epirit of rcconfcili- [ 'ation which now pervjBesBhe counry. | And sonas It ever been in the history of > the Anglo-Saxon race. Allegiance and freedom are principles equally sacred, | ' and have both been, at times, the battle ! ! cry of true patriotism. John Hampdcn ' and his followers, inspired by the call of I j freedom, appealed to force to establish I their principles, and they made the issue j xrt" simod-- resistance to royalty: The j cavaliers, inspired by allegiance, sup? ported royalty?not to uphold the abuse of the King's authority, but to uphold the principle of loyalty to their recog nixed sovereign; but they raised the false issue of nou-rosistancc to royaltv. Wc oil know the history of the several Lisurs that were joined from time to time under the inspiration of these respective princi? ples. .Success first smiled on the ono and then' on the other, and the final re? sult was the reconciliation of both in a constitutional monarchy. Success crowned tho revolution, and the com? monwealth of Cromwell was established; but success added nothing to the princi? ple, which would have boon us true, as sacred, if defeat had resulted; and it was equally true, equally sacred after the restoration, when royalty was. estab? lished., We aotcd then conscientiously. We belle vod that tho oause of local self government was endangered, and we ap? pealed to fho god of battles. Principle, wo thougbt,.requircdlt, and for princi? ple ??ras tho issuu made. Wc wero crashed; but .the ?frugglc, I repeat, was not in vain.. Tho result demonstuted that secession was not the doctrine for America; but republican institutions and' self-government arc still ours; and the sacrifices und losses which wc have sustained will' be recognized' hereafter, oven by tho North, as having been offered at tho-shrine of freedom; while the blood, which laus flowed so lavishly, will conse? crate the land in the eyes of posterity, as hallowed ground where truo patriotism, valor and unexampled devotion to.duty united a people together in a heroic struggle for right ugainst might?for what they believed to be the cause of libertv, And now, fellow-soldiers, ih organiz? ing our association, let us bo equal to the sacred trust we arc assuming. We honor the memory of our departed brothers for their valor. ' We honor their memories still more for the virtue of which that valor was only the outward expression. . We are proud of their cou? rage; <ve are proud of their heroism; wc arc prouder still of their true patriotism, of their self-denial and of their faithful? ness to duty, which kept them always at tho post of danger. Their memories, then, should over admonish us of our duties in the living present, and should arouse us to act our part faithfully in peace, as they did in war. We cannot avoid associating the idea of duty per? formed, as well as that of heroic courage, with the names of our departed heroes. And passing from our own loved ones to those great chieftains, the Custody of whoso memories belongs to the entire South, it is a peculiar satisfaction to know that the influence of their bright examples will be invaluable to their counfrymon. The character of a people is,always largely shaped by that of their great leaders, whose moral qualities in sonsibiy stamp themselves upon their youthful admirers. Hence, it is one of Heaven's richest blessings to a country that the lives of her illustrious heroes should be pure and ennobling as well as brilliant and grand. Tho South has been peculiarly blessed in this respect. . If it was not inappropriate to this occa? sion, I could instance tho highest speci? mens of true manhood among those of our living Confederates whose names are household words; and I need not go far to find the peer of any knight who ever broke a lance in a hoi}' cause, whoso valor, whose honor, whose unspotted moral character, whose cultnro and true refinement are as well known and appre? ciated as his brilliant military career, ltunkcd immediately after Lee and Jack? son as tho first cavalry leader of the war, he stands among the foremost in renown of living Confederates. To describe him thus is to name him. Ho is our own great chief?Wado Hampton. When we pass to tho contemplation of our departed heroes, there aro two whose names are already enrolled on tho high? est tablets of fame, who appear us pre? eminent for their virtue as for their valor, for their moral and religions worth as for, their martial fame. No people can exhibit higher types of cha? racter than those of Stonewall Jackson and Robert E. Lee. Jackson was em Idiatieolly tho hero of our struggle?be oved and admired by all. His military genius was only equalled by the un? bounded confidence of the army in bis invincibility. He was taken from us in the very noon-day blaze of his glory? triumphant and victorious in his last flank movement. His brilliant, although short, career has impressed his followors '? and the world with the power and tho ! grandeur of genius when guided by strong religious principles. Ho was ' spared tho last test to which tho great I Leo was subjected. It was the fate of Lne to survive the shock of battle; and after furnishing us an example of what is due by the soldier, when overpowered and crushed, to bis afflicted country, ho has left us a character pure, exalted and f*and, to be loved, admired and revered. Will not apeak on this occasion Of his genius as a groat captain, but prefer to allude to him in his still greater character as a true man. ' j Leer, as tho successful General?the victor of many hard-fought fields?is great; but Lee, as tho trne Christian, the Sure; unselfish man, seeking the path of uty and following it, whether in time qf triumph or In tho day of disaster, is greater s?ll.' Lee, with the flush of vic? tory npon him,'as he is portrayed by the artistr.iUttunted on "Traveller" at Spott- \ sylvanla among his advancing regiments, is grancfj^bjjal Lee, writing to his faithful lieutenaft^wbo had been ^wgnnaed at and onergj," is greJider,;W33??^iee, as (1 M rib?? in the wilderness, again at the head of his advancing lines, but forced to retire from the front by his men, (un? easy for his safety,) with the assurance that if b> would go to the rear, they I would go to the front, is glorious; but [ Loe, after the repnNe at Gettysburg, i I nwying,?"all- this in my faulty" sndr- as- j Burning the responsibility of the reverse, I is more glorious, still; it is sublime - 1 J showing us how true greatness, gene-1 ( rous and magnanimous can bear itself in j i defeat. Lee's military genius is eon- ? QCded, and lie will unquestionably rank iiniong the foremost captains of history;1 I but lus noble manhood exhibited in the I hour of disaster at Apponiattox, and in the subsequent days of adversity, is a : J priceless legacy to us as an example far ' j more precious than his military renown. 1 Lord Bacon has told us 'that the; virtues of adversity are of a higher! order than the virtues of success, \ and that while success was the blessing of the Old Testament, ad-1 versify,is that of the New. While Wash-1 ington, then, represents in the historv of1 this country the virtues of success, Lec ' will represent the virtues of adversity. 1 The classic matron was wont to study and dwell upon the lives of great, great j heroes, hoping thus to transmit to her sons their virtues and theiv valor; and in one sense, there was deep philosophy in | the idea, as the mother herself must bo- j oonie fully imbued with the spirit of those virtues she would impart to her son. In the case of Leo, both parents reverenced, ami venerated ? Washington;' and the happiest of maternal influences Presided" over his infancy and youth, he love of tho elder Leo for Washingtr n naturally impressed itself upon the son, who adopted him as the ideal of his youth, as the model by which he sought to mould his own character. It is not surprising, therefore, that the good seed I of Washington's example, sown in such j soil, should have yielded an abundant j harvest, of virtue and of valor; and that! we should, accordingly, have in Leo a i greater even than Washington for our matrons to admire and honor, and our South to imitate. Loc, himself, then, is tho choico fruit of Washington's exam? ple, and furnishes a distinguished illus? tration of the valno of great exemplars in forming the character of vouth. When we recollect that Lee, lavishly endowed by nature, was reared under these hal? lowed influences; that duty (which ho styled the suhlimcst word in our lan? guage) was tho "key note" of h; * life, tho pole-star of his every thought and action: r and that he was ever sustained by his religion in this unwavering and conscien? tious adherence through life to the call of duty; we recognize the presence of every essential for developing the most exalted of mankind. We nave, accordingly, in Lee that rare combination, the highest I order of genius with the purest morality ' of its day; the supreme valor of an Alex? ander with thelfiiiswtrving justice of an Aristedes; the brilliant talents of a Cresar with the stern virtues of a Cato; the tmnscendant genius of a Napoleon with J the unselfish patriotism of a Washing- ' ton'? "A combination and a form indeed. Where evciy god did seem to set his seal, To give the world assurance of a man." We hir e, accordingly, in Lee the hist, best gift of the mother of States and statesmen, uniting the valor of the war? rior with the gentleness of tho woman: the wisdom of the sage wjth the purity of I the saint; the virtue of the patriot with' the humility of the Christian; the bril lianey of genius with the simplicity of! faith. We have, accordingly, in Lee, the ! most perfect embodiment yet developed bf the ideal manhood of ?ur Christian I civiliz-ition. Nature, birth, home in tin- | ence and social advantages, with his own high uspirations for moral and Christian excellence, all combining most happilv to produce in him the purest and the greatest man of all the ages. May his grand chamcter as a bright ex? ample, a shining light, bless his country? men to remotest generations. Whose Fault isllt? Mr. Enrroa: Last night, I received a note from Dr. Simon Taylor, requesting me to come and bring instruments to re? lieve a poor sufferer who could not be relioved by other means; the bearer stating that ho would expect, me by tho morning train of the Wilmington, Co? lumbia and Augusta Railroad, -On both inquiry, as well as inspection of their ad vert is em cut of schedule, I found the morn? ing train North loft at G.50; when, be? hold, on reaching tho depot this morn? ing, I was told by one of the emplocos that the train had left at 5 o'clock A. M., and on reminding him of the advertise 1 ment, ho coolly rep lid, "it onght to havo 1 been corrected." This is poor consola? tion for a poor dying woman, and yet, whore is tho remedy for suoh unwarrant? ed carelessnoss? M. D. Columbia, S. C, Thubrdat, July 2*2. The Iron Crown of Lombardy is so called from a narrow band of iron within it, said to havo been beaten out of one of the nails used at the Crucifixion- This bund is about three-eighths of an inch broad and one-tenth of an inch in thick? ness. According to tradition, the nail was first given to Constantino by his mother, who discovered the cross. The outer circlet or the crown is of beaten gold ohd set with precious stones. It Was preserved with great care at Monza, near Milan, and Napoleon, like his pre* dooeBSor Charlemagne, was crowned with it. After the war between Austria and Italy, the Iron Crown was delivered by the former power to Victor Emmanuel. A worthy colored man, named Ellison Wilson, was killed by lightning in Sum* tor, last week. COLffMpiA, 8- C J Fridayjjtoornin*;, Jul| 23, 1875. bjThe Railroad War. \ Our Usually Well-mforrhcd cohtompo- J rary, tlio News and Courier, of Charles t m, in an article published on the 20th ; inst., headed "A Railroad Conspiracy j Against the People," appears to have I fallen into soveral error? in refi rence to ! the Soutitern lia'dumy Stcurily Company. | Their known character for fairness, pre? cludes the idea of iidtntiouat injustice; but injustice has been done, and they are now asked to make the proper cor? rection. They state that "the interests of the Southern Security Company lie away from this city ami State. For them it has done nothing, and will do no? thing." Let us see. The Security Com? pany controls 731 miles of road; oi which 4*51 miles are in Sonth Carolina, 245 miles in North Carolina, and 2"i miles in Virginia. Thus, over four-sevenths of its interests lie in this State. If wu give the company credit for ordinary sense, wo must believe that tney will continue to c^nsuit-thi'ir iaterosts by building up the 6ov\ntry'aMng" their lrrte.^TheV have invested million* m this State, in build? ing new roads, (the Air Lino Railroad and the rond from Sumter to Columbia.) and in re-laying and equipping others. Again, the News and Courier states that "in the case of the Charlotte, Co? lumbia and Augusta Railroad, the local stockholders have no right.-* that the Bal? timore and Philadelphia stockholders acknowledge or respect." In this state? ment, they have again, no doubt, unin? tentionally done greoj. injustice. Hud they been ncqnointed with the faots, they would have given tin- Southern Security Company stockholders credit for such consideration as majorities rarely exhibit towards minorities. Of the eighteen Di? rectors of the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta Road, only four are stockhold? ers in the Southern Security Company. Again, they chargo that the Security Company seeks to divert business from Charleston. This is not so, us any one who knows the amount of cotton, Ac, received in Charleston by tfie North? eastern Road can tell them. They err again when they charge the Security Company with being parties to any "conspiracy against the public." That company had nothing whatever to do with instigating the "blockades" to which they refer. They were no part}' to the PooJinK Convention. Tjrue, some of their roads were represented there, but so were nearly, if not All, the roads and lines leading from New York to Atlanta, and from the W**st to Atlanta. By-the-way, while on the subject of '?blockades," they were probably not aware that the Greenville and Columbia Road, corporated by the South Carolina Railroad, served the very same notice on the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta Railroad and the Wilmington, Columbia and Augusta Railroad, that they censure the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta for serving on the South Carolina Rail? road. If they have not knocked the form for their article of the 2t)th into "pi," perhaps it would be well for them to re pnblish the article, inserting the name of the Greenville and Columbia Railroad for the names of the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta Railroad and the Security Company. If the charge they make, that the "Charlotte Road people" arc oblivions of the fact that railroads have duties as well as rights, be true, it is equally no as re? gards the "Greenville and Columbia Road people," and the threats uttered against one must be regarded as uttered against the other. Hi oar judgment, these repeated attacks on Northern capi? talists who have invested money here are calculated to do h?rm. We trust that the News and Courier will undBTshmcf rbftt tt? "imputation of un? fairness on their part fe f?tenfieff." They have no doubt given the statements as they received . them,- and they will, doubth ss, cheerfully make the correc tioiij now that tho orrera of Iheir jjiforni nnt nro pointed out. . g Mr. Schurz, in bis Berlin address, spoke of tho opprtidHofi wBibb corruption always make to exposure. That's jubt what's the matter with tho President and his official family at present, and just tho reason of their want of tolerance for Schurz. They don't like to be exposed, and there is so much in their past history that makes them liable to exposure, that, to them, exposures are tho most unplea? sant things that can possibly occur. 12,000 wator-mellons, filling fift cars, were shipped from Holly w< t ion, on the Georgia Railroad, a f ogo? The Committee on Constitution xif rejected another amendment direc against religious liberty. yt - The number of Carlists captured* arnce July 1 is 4,000. Crrr Itexs.?Thermometer up again. yfcterday. news papers, sffi table for?-wrap pin-, at fifty oen|> a hfcndtnd. Any and every stylfcof book and job printing executed prYnnpfly at Phoin:* office. Material of every kind on hand ('apt. Drury Nanatnaker, a highly re Hpccted citizen, residing in Lexington Fork, departed this life on the 22d. He was a brave Confederate soldier. Judge Carpenter is cultivating a farm near this city, and grows a variety of things. He has been experimenting with Lucern' grass, and thinkS:it is just the thing. Tie has exhibited fco us a sample of the fifth cutting* since*. April. It grow* tnxnriantly, and one planting is sudiciest; roots'sometimes extend five or six feet down. The Judge feeds] hia horses, mules, cows "end hogs on the grass, and it keeps them in good condi? tion. .Wouldn't it pay to grow less .cot? ton utt4 more grass? In the Coort of Common Pleas, yestor day, Judge Carpenter stated that as ho was slightly indisposed, the Court was adjourned until Saturday. - ?Mr. fj. Kebhut, of^qaorrgfHu is engaged In e*nva*sing for * Verw^^whAetf will prove highly entertaining, as it .describes the hot as well as the cold regions. , (ien. Logan's speech, delivered on Wednesday night, (the conclusion of which we give this morning,) is highly spoken of by all who heard it. The sen? timents are honorable to the man and the gallant soldier. C. J. Lnurey, opposite Phienix office, has on hand and is constantly receiving choice peaches and lemons, wbich he is Sidling at lowest market rates. Orders from the country will receive prompt at? tention. Opei:a House.- The Columbia Comedy Company were greeted with a larger audience, last night, than on the pre? vious evening, and rendered "The Streets of New York" in a manner that would have reflected the highest credit upon professional artists, and received frequent rounds of applause from the audience. We are glad to notice that our citizens have realized the true merits of this amateur troupe, ami wc have no doubt that they will receive the support that their talent so well deserves. The scenery is beautiful and complete. ? ? ? *Lisr or New Advertisements. Jacob Levin ?Furniture, Ac. E. Nebhnt - Canvassers wanted. Enrror. PHo-.s-nt^-'in th^tfooals" of the Union-Hera'<l, of the 21st inst., au extended ncceunt of the action of the Parker jury is given, in which occurs tho following .spntisaoe: ''Mr. Sterl a very intelligent juror, a"'Jew and a jew? eler,' seemed to think that $150,000 was all that could be traced directly to Par k'-r, although there was collateral evi? dence that induced him to vote the whole amount." We should prove re? creant to our character and nationality, were we to pass unnoticed language which, to our mind, conveys a sarcastic slur upon our character and creed. The Heraldseem* ignorant of tho historical fact that the days of persecution of my p?ble race have long since passed, par? ticularly in this heavenly land 6f*"reli? <_'ious freedom;"and it is indeed surpris? ing, that on tho most trivial occasion, this malignant spirit of "tyrannical per? secution should again dare to lift its long-entombed skeleton.'? ?* suited the Herald to parade ns before the public, to single as out as "the -lew." Unas,how? ever, omitted tho addition of "honest Jew," whioh would have been a true rep? resentation of ourselves,and we can con? ceive of no earthly reason why not the twelve various oreads and colors, who wore all actors in the drama, Bhonld as well have deserved the hawk-like eyes and fertile brain of the Herald's local. Our actions in the jury room were the dictates of an "honest conscience," and, if the Herald means to intimate that we were wrong, why not be outspoken, that we may more clearly comprehend its mysterious version? Wo would advise this remarkable "local" to change his method of stigmatizing the "Jew." We are Israelites, and as auch we are proud of oar calling?our profession being but a verification of Scripture, to earn our bread by the "sweat of .brow," and aro as well qualified to adorn public society and decide, a case, however intricate, as those who, through ignorance or .base? ness, delight in our censure. e We have thus placed before the pubjlio onr aver? sion Of a sen tones ho uncalledfor; ami Teisjr, vo^SsjftjpJ#wuT?ot notice such ''miaan^sTsgl^l^nirofdering the sonrce whence it emanates?being as snred of our' dignity in the circle in which we move, and well knowing that tho character,.reputation nn<~ nobility of the tsraeiitlsn ' rab?~Ts too well estab? lished, needing no vindication at our hands. HENfcY STEEL, A Jew and Jeweler. Columbia, July 2L, 1*75., -?i?_ An exchange says; "Young women looking up pie-nic costumes, should try and find something that will look very sweetly artless and Won't wrinkle. A woman returning from one of these ex? peditions is the ugliest creature known. Edinburgh and his Duchess take 80 tons of luggago in their little summer trip to Russia.