The daily phoenix. (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, May 06, 1869, Image 1
THE DAILY
Daily Paper $8 a Year', fl^?fe
BY JULIAN A. SELBY.
"Let our Just Censuro
M?S NI
Attend the True Event."
COLUMBIA, S. C.. TUESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 1, 1868.
Tri-Weckiy 85 a Year
VOLUME IV- KO 21^.
TMJ? JfJHOJN IX,
ymWJBHKP DAILY AMO ni-VBUXT.
TUM GLSANSR.
XTKBY WEDNESDAY MOBHIMO.
3Y JULIAN A. SELBY,
&DTTOB AMD FBOPBIKTOB.
Office on Main St., few doors above Taylor.
TERMS IN VA RI ABLY IN AD VANCE.
BUnsonrmoN.
Daily. 6 monthB..$4 00 | Tri-Weekly, 6 moe...13 60
Weekly, 6 mon tba.tl 50
ADVERTISEMENTS
Inserted at 75 cents per square of nino linos for
the first Insertion, and 60 cents each subsequent.
Weekly'75 cents each insertion.
MW A liberal discount made on the above rates
when advertisements are inserted by the month.
AOENTS.-Hiram Mitchell, Spartanburg: J. B.
Allen. Chester; 8. P. Einard, Newberry O. H.j'Jas.
Grant, Union; Julius Poppe, Anderson O. H.
16c. DRESS GOODS.
WE open, on MONDAT,a pretty lino of DRESS
GOODS; at 16*o. or 6 yards for $1.00, really pretty,
and certainly CHEAP. Wo give our patrons from
this date the advantage of our having a prompt,
good buyer, located in New York city, always in
the market ready for theao bargains.
May 2 R. C. SHIVER.
T.TBKRAL INDUCEMENTS
AT
I. BUIiZBACIIER'B.
OREATREDUCTIONIN P RICES.
ex* I HAVE determined to sell ^.-^
?5?i*5fcOout mv entire Stock alf f?S>\
?EJ aSCLOCKS, WATCHES, JEW- <ff?m
?JLv!\3B?ELRY, Silver and Plated
?2SSb?t?BPP"WARE, at greatly reduced T^WB
prices, prior to my removing to Mr. IP^B
Gregg's Building. ll--*
In addition to tho above named articles, 1 have
a large Stock of Spectacles, to suit all sights, in
Gold, Silver and Steel frames.
I have lust received a New Sample Book for
Hair Work, for which orders will be received, at
I. SUEZ BACH ER'S,
Sign of the Green Spectacles,
April 27_Columbia, 8. C.
A FINE OPENING.
836.00 for a Pint Class $15.00 Dress!
'?Mi ..-.:??. ' c.': . .: . ..; . . ..; f, .1.
50
WE have about 23 Satin Sriped Silk and Ramie
DRESS PATTERNS, of peculiar beauty and
richness, which arc rosily worth much moro than
wo offer them for; and gentlemen visiting tho city
cannot invest $5 in anything moro valuable to take
home. Call and soc them.
April 29_R. C. 8HIVER.
Fire and Liie Insurance.
H. K. NICHOLS Si CO., AOENTS,
COLUMBIA, 8. O.,
REPRESENT OLD COMPANIES, with aggre?
gate accumulated Capitals, January 1, 1869,
of $22,379,174 00.
April 30_ RE INSURED._3mo
Cutting Cheese.
BOXE8 GOSHEN CHEESE, for sale by
Feb 14 E^A G. D. HOPE.
Butter! Bntter ! !
CHOICE GOSHEN BUTTER Just received and
for sale by_J. A T. R. AGNEW.
Desirable Residence for Sale.
A Lot, containing one-third of an acre,
with a neat commodious DWELLING
.HOUSE, having an up-stf.irs of Ave Rooms,
a Basement of fivo Rooms, Bathing-room with
shower bath, all necessary out-buildings and in
good repairs. Inquire at this office. March 28
General Commission Business.
CONSIGNMENTS OF PRODUCE,
Orders for purchase of Merchandize,
Shipments of Cotton, and GENERAL COM?
MISSION BUSINESS, solicited by
MARK E. COOPER, Main street.
Beat references given. March H 3mo
For Sale.
ASIX-HOR8E ENGINE-monnted on wheels; |
built expressiv for Threshing and Ginning.
Apply to lt. TOZER, City Machino Works,
Ap_ril27_ Columbia, h. C.
Pure Corn Whiskey.
fi>r. BBLS. Pure Corn WHISKEY, for salo low
??\J to ftealars, E. & G. D* HOPE,
_May 1 Agouts forOld North Stat? Distillery.
City Taxes.
CITY COUPONS, rocoivablc for Cit v Taxes, for
salo by GREGG, PALMER A CO.
Butter and Cheese.
-I rv TUBS Choico GOSHEN BUTTER,
?\J 20 Boxes Primo CHEESE.
Just receivod by steamer and for salo by
April 27_ J. A T. lt. AGNEW.
Solace and Virginia Leaf.
C? GROSS SOLACE.
I 2 " Virginia Loaf-frosh from the Fac?
tory, for salo at tho Al? and Lager Beer Depot.
April 20 _ JOHN C. SEEGERS.
Iron.
SWEDES IRON, li, li, 2, 2J, 3, 3J, 5, 6, 7, 10 ?D.
Band Iron, English Iron, Hoop Iron,
Hh.ctIron,
.2,000 Hoes, of all kinds,
2?? Fairs Trace Chains.
March C FISHER, LOWRANCE A FISHER.
Olives, &c.
PC KEG8, 2 galloua each, Spanish Olives. ,
tJ Olives stuffed with Anchovies, in bottles. i
Plain "Queen" Olives, in bottles. For salo by
May5 _ GEORGE BYMMBBB.
Smoked Meats.
BOLOGNA SAUSAGES, dried.
Buffalo Tongues, frosh.
Orango Barns and Sugar-cured Strips.
For sale by_GEORGE SYMMEBB.
NE W STORE.
NEW GOODS.
TUE SUBSCRIBER would rospectfuUy announce
to the inhabitants of Columbia, and surround?
ing country, that he bas opened his Store, on Hain
streot, under the new Hotel, with an entire new
stock of
DRESS GOODS,
HOSIERY,
GLOVES,
WHITE GOODS.
EMBROIDERIES,
LACE8,
TABLE DAMASKS,
NAPKINS and DOYLIES,
Sheeting, Shirting and Pillow Linen, Muslins,
Cloths and Caasimeres, Handkerchiefs for Ladios,
Genta and Children, Notion?, Ac, Ac, together
with a thousand other articles too numerous to
mention. And would invite those in need of any?
thing in his lino, to call and examine bis stock,
which ho intends to koop full in every department.
W. D. LOVE, Main Streot,
May 2_Columbia, 8. C.
OF
NEW GOODS
AT
KIN ARB'S.
TTTEOPF.N TRTfl MORNING, several Invoices
VV of NEW DRESS GOODS, with Fringes,
Gimpa and Huttons to match.
A full line of Printed Lawne, Cambrics, Jaco
nets and Organdies.
A full line of Sheeting.
A full lino of Long Cloths.
A full lino of Calicoes.
A full line of White Gooda.
A full lino of Kid Gloves.
A full lino of Lisle Thread Gloves.
A full line of Hosiery.
A full lino of Irish Linens.
A full line of Casaimercs for Gentleman's Suits.
A full lino of Linen Coating, Drills and Ducks.
Making our ?tock quite as full and complete as
it was two weeks ago.
Wo solicit a call from our friends and all viaitora
to our citv, with the assurance that our stock and
prices willpleaao all. J. H. & M. L. KINARD,
April 28 One door South of Columbia Hotel.
LADIES' STBAW HATS,
25, 40 and 50 cents each.
AT
C. E. JACKSON'S._
LADIES' SILK COVERINGS.
Spring Shawls
R 0 AND
Spring Balmorals, at Cost.
_C. F. JACKSON.
Pipes ! Pipes ! !
?)f\ DOZ. Assorted Brier Root, with Motal
&\J Screws,
20 Doz. do., with Maerachaum Lining,
_ 1 Croea Cane Pipes. JOHN 0. BEEPERS.'
Jos. DANIEL POPE. A. C. HASKELL.
POPE & HASKELL,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
AND
SOLICITORS IN EQUITY.
OKFIOE-Law Range, Columbia, 8. C. May 5
Wine Bottles.
?mf\ GR088 Wino Bottles, for sale by
4?\J Feb 14 B. A G. J). HOPE.
Bacon and Flour.
?^r\ r\f\>f\ LBS. Primo RACON SIDES.
?\.K\J\ f\J 200 Bbls. FLOUR, at ?8 io $14
por Rarrol. For salo hy E. A G. D. HOPE.
Chewing Tobacco.
*7)(\ BOXES "Roso Bud," very fine.
?\J 2 " "Navy,"
10 " Common, low price.
April 20 JOHN C. SEEGERS.
\0FF1CIAL.[
THE AUUICVliTVRAL CONVENTION.
COLUMBIA, S. C., Wednesday, April 28.
This body assembled this morniug, at ll
o'clock, in Carolina Hall. Ou motion of
Major Thos. W. Woodward, delegato from
Fairfield, Wm. M. Lawton, Esq., delegate
from Beaufort, was called to tho Chair. Mr.
Lawton delivered a short address, thanking
the members for the compliment, and im?
pressing npon them the importance, of the
matters for the consideration of which this
Convention had assembled. Jus. O. Gibbes
and Thon. W. Holloway were appointed as
Secretaries.
On motion, the delegates present were re?
quested to enroll their names, when the fol?
lowing gentlemen appeared at the Secreto.
ries' desk and registered their names:
Abbev?le-W. K. Blake, B. Z. Hendon,
P. T. Haskell, R. A. McOaslin, G. M. Jor?
dan, J. D. Gaillard, L. Perrin, A. M. Aiken,
D. Wyatt Aiken, T. Conner.
Anderson-J. P. Reed, J. L. Orr, R. S.
Hill, R. J. McCann, W. O. Brown, Thoa. G.
Clemson.
Barn well-Johnson Eugood, W. B. Rice,
T. J. Counts, E. BL Dowling.
Beaufort-Wm. M. Lawton, J. D. Pope,
J. M. R. Pope.
Charleston-W. S. Henessy, Roswell T.
Logan, W. G. Hiuson, W. A. Clark, F. W.
Dawson.
Colleton-N. Hey ward.
Chester-J. J. McLure, W. H. Brawley,
Jos. Pagan, J. S. Wilson, J, T. Walker, S.
A. Roberts, J. A. Bradley, jr.
Darlington-E. A. Law, B. J. Williamson,
W. E. James, G. S. Williamson, John Wi?
therspoon, J. S. Conen, E. McIntosh, E. E.
Evans, R. W. Boozer, J. O. Law, S. A.
Gregg, J. M. Rodgers, J. H. PoToley, A.
Waring. W. J. Maxwell.
Edgefield-M. W. Gary, J. E. Bacon, J.
H. Brooks, B. J. Boukoight, M. L. Bonham,
B. E. Nicholson, W. Adams.
Fairfield-H. L. Elliott, W. D. Aiken, W.
C. Robertson, T. W. Woodward. R. E. El?
lison, J. D. MoEinstry, G. B. McCants, 8.
B. downey, H. C. Davis, R. G. Lanier.
Greenville-B. F. Perry, L. Williams, J.
P. Mooro, J. Q. Donaldson, E. S. Erwin,
W. E. Earle, P. Cox, W. Hudson, E. T.
Buist, J. W. Stokes, J. G. Hawthorne, A.
McBee.
Georgetown-A. M. Forster, R. Izard.
Kershaw-J. McRea, Jas. Chesnut, Thos.
Lang, E. M. Boykin, T. J. Boykin, Dr. M.
Dow, M. Clark, L. J. Patterson, W. K.
Thompson.
Lancaster-J. B. Erviu, K. G. Billings.
Laurens-Dr. John A. Barksdale, J. T.
Craig, J. F. Anderson, W. T. Smith.
lexington-W. W. Steadman.
Marion-W. R. Johnson, C. D. Evana. W.
Gregg, S. E. MoMillan.
Newberry-T. S. Boinest, J. P. Kinard
J. M. Baxter, T. W. Holloway.
Oconee-W. W. Lay, J. W. Livingston
M. S. Striblein, M. R Conuicutt, W. W
Russell, R. S. Porcher, D. Bieman.
Orangeburg-Dr. W. F. Barton, P. S
Felder,'J. R. Milbouse, P. Amoker, Thoma:
Zimmerman, T. Wannamaker.
Bickens-F. A. Hoke, R. E. Holcombe
E. B. Calhoun, J. E. Hafood, T. B. McBoe
R. A. Bowen, N. S. Martin.
Xichland-Wm. Wallace, J. P. Adams, D
Tarnipseed, J. H. Kinsler, W. H. Stack, C
P. Pelham, Thoa. DaT, J. P. Weston, T
B. Clarkson, J. P. Thomas, J. S. Green, B
O'Nealo, jr., Wm. Glaze, A. Y. Lee, J. W
Dorsay, C. J. Bollin, W. A. Gibbes, Jos. S
Guignard, W. W. White, J. Richbonrg, J
Alexander, J. A. J. Derrick, M. Goldsmith
J. C. Seegers.
Sumter-J. B. Moore, A. A. Gilbert, J .?
Richardson, W. E. Mills, W. J. Durant, J
H. Furman.
Spartanburg-J. T. Moore, J. H. Evan:
A. B. Woodruff.
Union-B. H. Rice, J. F. DeLoach.
On motion of Gen. M. W. Gary, a Com
mitteo of one from each Judicial Distrit
was appointed to nominate permanent o:
deers for tho Convention.
On motion of CoL Wm. Wallace, th
rules of the House of Representatives c
I860 were adopted us tho rules of this Coi
ventiou.
Communications from W. W. Phillip.
Esq., editor of Ibo Southern Farmer, pul
lished iu Memphis, Tenn., and Commi
siouer Capron, were read by Dr. J. M
Parker, and received as information.
On motion of Col. J. P. Thomas, it wai
Resolcetl, That in voting, it be done b
Counties, according to their represeutatic
in tho popular branch of the Legislature.
The temporary President, Mr. W. W
Lawton, addressed tho Convention, and s
luded to the late report of the United Stat
Agricultural Bureau as a most vuluab
work, and prepared, ho said, with great fui
ness and impartiality. It would be gratif;
ing to tho people of old South Carolina t
learn that ono of the most wonderful ic
provoments of the age, that from his exp
rienco und observation of its workiui
during tho past year in England, was dc
tined to work a great revolution in tl
cultivatiou of tho Boil-the steam plough
was ibo invention of Mr. B. C. Bellinge
of South Carolina, November ll), 183
From this derided Stnto of South Carolin
which, it is said elsewhere, had no iudusti
and no iuveutive power, emanated that e
truordiuiuy implement which wits creutii
such a r?volution in agriculture. So close
connected uow are ull the operations
mechanism with agriculture, that it deserv?
their atteutiou, und ho thought this count!
as well as England, und particularly t
Southern country in its agricultural pi
gress, ia destined to emburk largely bore:
ter in such machinery. From some oatt
this invention nf Mr. Bollinger's had nov
been brought into notice hero.
Mr. Reed uluo dirooted attention to t
fact that in the samo report it would
found that the latest maohiuery of this kii
in use was Mr. Bellinger's, notwithstandi:
tho numerous inventions of otheas. Th
were at lost obliged to come back upon tl
and acknowledge that no better had bo
invented. Mr. Lawton said in his int?
views with Mr. Fowler, tho manufacturer
England, that gentleman had admitted th
?nd ho had introduced the same thing ir
New York and other Northern States.
Gen. Gary, from the Committee- to Nomi?
nate Permanent Officers, reported the fol?
lowing, who were unanimously elected:
President-General Johnson Hagood.
Vice-Presidents-Dr. A. M. Forster, W.
M. Lawton, Esq., Col. Wm. Wallace and
Maj. Thomas W. Woodward.
Secretary-Col. D. Wyatt Aiken, of Abbe?
ville.
Treasurer-Col. B. J. Gage, of Union.
Gen. Hagood, on being conducted to the
Chair, was received with warm applause,
and nt tho conclusion of his address, Bev.
Dr. E. T. Buist offered np an appropriate
prayer.
A resolution was adopted, that the Presi?
dent nominate standing committees of five
to prepare business for the action of the
Convention, viz: Agriculture, Manufactures,
Mechanics, Labor and Immigration, Reso?
lutions. When the following appointments
were made:
On Agriculture-Dr. J. W. Parker, D. W.
Aiken, A. M. Forstor, T. G. Clemson, T. W.
Woodward.
Manufactures-W. M. Lawton, Alexander
McBee, J. G. Gibbes, L. Williams, Wm.
Glaze.
Resolutions-M. W. Gary, J. M. Baxter,
J. P. Thomas, J. A. Barksdale, Wm. Wal?
lace.
Mechanics-W. S. Henerey, R. Tozer, W.
K. Blake, N. Heyward, T. Wannamaker.
Mr. Wallace, of Richland, offered thc
following preamble and resolutions:
Whereas, the system of labor from whicl
resulted the happiness and prosperity of thc
South, having been undermined by the per
sistent attacks of ignorant, fanatical philan?
thropists and designing politicians, anc
finally destroyed by tho fortune of war
and tho Legislature of the State, eontrollet
as it is by unscrupulous adventurers, having
a tendency to deprive us or render worth
loss the only labor that we have.
Resolved, That the agricultural wealtl
and entire interests of the State requires am
imperatively demands a reliable and effioien
class of laborers, having intelligence ti
understand their true interest, and wh<
will strivve, by honest means, to becom
usefnl and respectable members of society.
Resolved, That a committee be appointed
consisting of one from each Judicial Distric
in the State, whose duty it shall be to prc
pare and publish an address, urging upo
the people the importance of this measure
und pointing out tho best and speedie!
method of accomplishing it.
Mr. Gilbert deemed the adoption of th
resolutions as unwise and impolitic, and i
a few able and brief remarks expressed hi
unqualified objections to them.
On motion of Mr. Woodward, the prean
bia and resolutions were laid upon the tabb
to bo taken up and referred to the prop<
committee when appointed.
The following resolution was introduce
by Col. Thomas, and referred to the Cou
mitten on Labor:
Resolved, That the. true policy of tl
South, in relation to tho all-important sui
ject of labor, consists in utilizing the labt
that wo have and in supplementing it wit
foreign white labor as rapidly as possible.
In reply to tho preamblo and rcsolutioi
introduced by Mr. Wallace, Mr. A. A. Gi
bert, of Sumter, spoke as follows:
Mn. PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN OP TE
CONVENTION: I rise with a great deal of he?
tation, to make a remark which comos spo
tauoously to my mind, touching tins matte
It occurs to mo that, however true may 1
the language therein, aud however much \
may feel in onr hearts, it istmo; yet, at tl
period, this particular juncture aud crisis
our affairs, it is impolitic to bring that au
ject prominently and forcibly forward
connection with tho actings and doings
the Agricultural Convention. When we a
gradually comiug up to the work-I thrc
it out-1 have no doubt that tho iutelligon
of this body will readily discover otb
though ts. Our system of labor us it nc
exists in this country and in this Stul
however crippled, however demoralize
howover uuder bad iufiueuco, is yet, at lei
for tho time being, ull tho labor that \
have, separate and apart from that whi
comes from the bono and siuew of o
arms. It occurs to mo that anything inti
doced hero tending to disturb or distn
that labor, or to excite those who conti
that element, might irritate that element
an agricultural souse, uud do us a serio
injury.
Tho colored muu, to so mo extent, <
hope, is emerging from those baneful int
onces which so demoralized ?nd rendel
him unfit for tho duties of a laborer,
seems to me that a movement of this si
would but tend to give those who con*
tho colored man still greater influence. ^
must use this element until wo ean supi
a hotter. We may look abroad and seo thc
sands und millions of men who might
brought to our region, and might effectua
occupy tho places of the colored lahore
but they aro not hero; they are yet to
brought hero. Those appliances and ini
BnccB which are necessary aro yet to be i
in operation. It is yet a question wboth
with all the vigor wo may be enubled to i
forth in thut direction, we can, in any sh
period of time, obtain a force from abro
that would be adequate for the wants of I
QounUy.
Mr. T. Woodward, of Fairfield, thou*
this discussion premature, and moved tl
the preamble and resolutions be referred
the Comtnitto on Resolution?, together with
all other kindred resolutions and memorials.
The motion was agreed to.
Mr. Boine8t moved the following, which
was referred to the Committee on Resolu?
tions:
Resolved, That this Convention resolve it?
self into a permanent Agricultural, Mecha?
nical and Industrial Society, and that ft
committee of five be appointed to draft ft
Constitution and By-Laws for said Society.
On motion of Gov. Orr, Col. J. B. Pal?
mer was requested to give soma informa?
tion to the Convention relative to manufac?
turing at tho South. In response, Col.
Palmer read the following very interesting
paper, which he had prepared on the sub?
ject. Upon the conclusion of which, a re?
solution of thanks was adopted;
Mn. PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN OF THE
CONVENTION: With, I trust, a proper appre?
ciation of the courtesy of the Convention
in affording me an opportunity to submit
tue following paper for their consideration;
and with a painful sense of my inability to
do justice to so important a subject, fraught,
as I believe it to bo, with such vital interest
to tho South; but with a recognition of the
fact that it is the duty of every citizen to
do what he can to advanoe the prosperity of
the country, I proceed to read what I have
hastily, and I fear, very imperfectly pre?
pared.
Tho advantages possessed by the South
over the North in manufacturing cotton,
may be stated briefly, to be:
1. An abundance of unoccupied water
power in every Southern State.
2. A mild eli mate. Fire, for heating pur?
poses, is only necessary for from one to
three months in the year. Resinous heart
pine wood can be procured at very low rates.
We pay for such wood delivered within one
mile of our factory, only $1.00 per cord,
and our total expense for fuel for, say two
and one-half months in the year, is but
one-tenth of ono oent per pound, when
charged to the manufactures of those
months, while in the North it is about one
cent per pound on the manufactures of at
least five months ie the year.
3. Wages are, and must continuo to be,
comparatively low. The mildness of the
climate, tho abundance of lumber and the
j cheapness of land, enables manufacturers
I to provide their operatives with inexpensive
i but comfortable nouses and large garden
plata. The country being an agricultural
I one, wo must soon bo able to produce our
provisions, while the manufacturing dis?
tricts of the North mnst always depend
upon the distant West, and, to somo extent,
upon the South for theirs.
4. Operatives. Northern men, acting as
superintendents of Southern mills, admit
the superiority of our factory hands, who
are remarkably frugal and industrious, and
who are oasily controlled.
5. Freights are lower on yarns and cloths
than on lint cotton. Them bas been a time,
within the last three years, when a bale of
cotton of 450 pounds, worth, say $90.00,
paid a freight, from Charleston to New
York or Philadelphia, of $2.50 per bale,
which would be 2.77 per cent? on value;
while that cotton, made into a bale of 400
pounds of No. 20 yarn, worth say $130.00,
paid only CO cents per bale, or 44-100 per
cent, on value-a difference in favor of
yams of 21*,' per cent. The Southern manu?
facturer saves tho freight on bagging, rope
and other waste. This waste can bo manu?
factured into paper at tho Sontb more
cheaply than at tho North, and is, conse?
quently, more valuable here than there.
Reclamation on false packed or damaged
cotton is easy und direct, and we save the
burdensome Northern charges for storage,
brokerage, etc..
I support these positions by tho following
statement of uctuul cost of manufacturing
at Saluda Cotton Mills, us shown by our
books. It must be recollected that we have
employed iu tho manufacture of No. 20 yaru
ouly 4,000 spindles, (Jenks' ring travelers.)
Of course, a greater number of spindles, or
tho production of yarns of a lower number,
would ensure a less cosl per pound :
Labor-Superintendent .37; carding
.50; spinning .70; reeling .75. 2.44
Repair-Labor and material, (ma?
chinery nearly new,).22
Packing, bundling, ?fcc, lubor und
muter iuls.5S
Ocnerul Expenses-Watch .13; haul?
ing .32; Undings .20; oil .15; sala?
ries .64; miscellaneous .50. 2.00
Total per pound. 5.24
Add-Loss by waste, (450 lbs. cotton,
costing $90, making but 400 lbs. of
yarn). 2.50
10 per cent, for wear and tear of ma?
chinery, charged to production, per
pound. 1.26
Total cost of manufacturing cot?
ton, worth 20c. per pound. 9.00
Freights to New York or Philadelphia
.05; insurance .15.80
Cost cottou per pound. 20. (X)
Total cost per pound of Southern
yaru, (No. 20,) delivered in N. Y., 29.80
The very lowest estimate I havo seen
of the cost of manufacturing at thc
North places cost of labor, repair,
packing, and general expenses at,
per pound. . lu.2-1
Loss by waste, (cotton at 20c. in Co