Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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COLUMBIA, S. C. Thursday Morning, April 29, 1869. Tlie Agricultural ConTcnlion. This body assembled, yesterday morning, at Carolina Hall, and on motion of Major Th os. W. Woodward, delegate from Fair? field, Wm. M. Lawton, Esq., of Charleston, wae called to the chair. Mr. Lawton de? livered a short address, thanking the mem? bers for the compliment, and impressing upon them tho importance of the matters for the consideration of which this Conven? tion had assembled. Col. James G. Gibbos and Thos. W. Holloway, Esq., were ap? pointed as Secretaries. On motion, the delegates present were re? quested to enroll their names, wheu tho fol? lowing gentlemen appeared and enrolled: Abbeville.-W. K. Bkke, B. Z. Herndon, P. T. Haskell, R. A. McCaslin, G. M. Jor? dan, J. D. Gailliard, L. Perrin, A. M. Aiken, D. W. Aiken, T. Connor. Richland.-Wm. Wallace, J. P. Adams, E. B. Turnipseed, J. H. Kinsler, W. H. Stack, C. P. Pelham, Thomas Davis, J. P. Weston, T. B. Clarkson, J. P. Thomas, J. S. Green, R. O'Nealo, Jr., W. Glaze, A. Y. Leo, J. W. Dorsay, 0. J. Bollin, W. A. Gibbes, J. S. Guignard, W. W. White, J. Rishbourg, John Alexander, J. A. J. Der ?r?k, M. Goldsmith, John C. Soogers. Fairfield.-H. S.( Elliott, W. D. Aiken, N. C. Robinson, T. % Woodward, R. E. Ellison, Jr., George B. McCants, S. B. Clowney. Bickens.-F. A. Hoke, R. E. Holcombe, J. E. Hagood, J. B. McBee, E. E. Bowen, N. S. Martin. Orangebnrg.- Dr. W. F. Borton, P. S. Felder, J. R..Milhouse, P. Amnker, Thos. Zoumerina, T. Wannhmaker. Darlington.-E. A. Law, B. J. William? son, W. E. Jamesf G. S. Williamson, J. S. Cohen, John Witherspoon, E. E. Evans, E. Mclutosh, R. W. Boozer, J. O. Law, S. A. Gregg, J. M. Rodgers, J. H. Pavoley, A. Waring, W. J. Maxwell. Sumter.-J. B. Mooro, A. A. Gilbert, J. S. Richardson, W. E. Mills, W. J. Durant, .J. H. Furman. Laurens.-J. A. Barksdale, J. T. Craig, J. F. Anderson, W. T. Smith. Marion.-W. R. Johnson, C. D. Evans, Walter Gregg. Newberry.-T. S. Boinest, J. P. Kiuard, J. M. Baxter, T. W. Holloway. Oconee.-W. W. Lav, J. W. Lavington. M. S. Stribleiu, M. E.* Connicutt, W. W. Russell, R. S. Porcher, D. Bei man. Andersor.. -J. P. Reed, J. L. Orr, R. S. Hill, R; J. McCanu, W. C. Brown, Thos. G. Clawson. Charleston-Vf. S. Honery, W. G. Iliu sou, Roswell T. Logan, W. A. Clark. Coileion.-M. Hey ward. Edgefield.-M. W. Gary, J. E. Bacon, W. Adauis, M. L. Bonham, B. J. Boatwright. Georgetown.-A. M. Forster. Ii. Izord. Kershaw.-J. McRac, E. M. Bovkiu, T. S. Boykiu, D. McDow, L. J. Patterson, W. K. Thompson. Spartanburg.-J. T. Moore, J. H. Evaus, A. B. Woodruff. On motion of Col. Wm. Wallace, the rules of the House of Representatives of 18G? were adopted as the rules of this Con? vention. Communications from W. W. Phillips, Esq., editor of the Southern Farmer, pub? lished in Memphis, Tenn., and Commis? sioner Capron, were read by Dr. J. W. Parker, and received as information. On motion of Gen. M. W. Gary, a com? mittee of one from each Judicial District was appointed to nominate permanent officers for the convention. The committee, after a short conference, roported tho following officers: President-General J. Johnston Haigood. vice-Presidents-Dr. A. M. Forster, W. M. Lawton, Esq., Col. Wm. Wallace and Maj. Thomas W. Woodward. Secretary-Col. D. Wynt Aiken. Treasurer-Col. R. J. Gage. Gen. Haigood was conducted to tho Chair, and delivered a short address, which was attentively listened to. A resolution was adopted, that the Prcpi dent nominato standing committees of five to prepare business for the action of tho convention, viz: Agriculture, Manufactures, Mechanics, Labor and Immigration, Resolu? tions. When the following appointments were made: On Agriculture-Dr. J. W. Parker, D. W. Aiken, A. M. Forster, T. G. Clawson, T. W. Woodward. Manufactures-W. M. Lawton, Alexander McBee, J. G. Gibbes, L. Williams, Wm. Glaze. Resolutions-M. W. Gary, J. M. Baxter, J. P. Thomas, J. A. Barksdale, Wm. Wal? lace. Mechanics-W. S. Hencry, R. Tozor, W. K. Blake, N. Heyward, T, Waunarnaker. On motion of Gov. Orr, Col. J. B. Pal? mer was requested to give soino informa? tion to the Couveutiou relative to manufac? turing at tho South. In response, Col. Palmer read tho following very interesting paper, which ho had prepared on the sub? ject. Upon tho conclusion of which, a re? solution of thanks was adopted: Mit. PHESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN OK TUE j CONVENTION: With, I trust, a proper appro- ! ciation of tho courtesy of the Convention j in affording mo an opportunity to submit j the following paper for their consideration; I and with a painful sense of my inability to do justice to so important it subject, fraught, as 1 believe it to bo, with such vital interest to tho South; but with a recognition of tho fact that it is tho duty of every citizen to do what ho can to advance tho prosperity of the conutry, I proceed to read what I have hastily, and I fear, very imperfectly pre? pared. the advantages possessed by the South over the North in manufacturing cotton, maj be stated briefly, tn be: 1. Au abundance of unoccupied water power in every Southern State. 2. A mild climate. Fire, for heating pur? poses, is only necessary for from one to throe months in the year. Resinous heart pine wood can be procured at very low rates. The pay for such wood delivered within one mile of our faotory, is only Si.00 per cord, and our total expense for fuel for, say two and one-half months in the year, is but one-tenth of ono cent per pound, when charged to the manufactures of those months, while in the North it is about one cent per pound on the manufactures of at least five months ie the year. 3. Wages are, and munt continue to be, comparatively low. The mildness of the climate, the ubundance of lumber *>nd thc cheapness of land, enables mauufucturers to provide their operatives with inexpensive but comfortable houses aud large garden plals. Tho country being au agricultural one, wo must soon be able to produce our provisions, while the manufacturing dis? tricts of the North must always depend upon tho distant West, and, to sonio extent, upon tho South for theirs. 4. Operatives. Northern meu, acting as superintendents of Southern mills, admit the superiority of our factory hands, who aro remarkably frugal and industrious, and who are easily controlled. 5. Freights are lower on yarna and cloths than on lint cotton. There has been a time, within the last three years, when a balo of cotton of 450 pounds, worth, say $90.00, paid a froight, from Charleston to New York or Philadelphia, of $2.50 per balo, which would bo 2.77 per cont, on value; while that cotton, made into a bale of 400 pounds of No. 20 yaru, worth say S13G.00, paid only GO cents per bale, or 44-100 per cent, on value-a difference in favor of yarns of 2J3' per cent. The Southern manu? facturer saves tho freight ou bagging, rope and other waste. This waste can be manu? factured into paper at the South moro cheaply than at tho North, and is, conse? quent^*, more valuable here than there. Reclamation on false packed or damaged cotton is easy and direct, and wo save the burdensome Northern charges for storage, brokerage, etc. I support these positions bj* the following statement of nctuul co.st of manufacturing at Saluda Cotton Mills, ns shown by our books, lt must be recollected that we have employed in the manufacture of No. 20 yaru ouly 4,000 spindles, (Jeuks' ring travelers.) Of course, a greater number of spindles, or tho production of yarns of a lower number, would ensure a less cost per pound : Labor-Superintendent, 37 ; carding, HG ; spinning, 70; reeliug, 75. 2.41 Repair-Labor and material, (ma? chinery nearly new,). 22 Packing, bundling, ?Vc, labor and materials. 53 General Expenses-Watch, 13; haul iug, 32; findings, 20; oil, 15; sala? ries, Gi; miscellaneous, 56. 2.00 Total per pound.. . 5.24 Add-Loss by waste, (450 lbs. cotton, costing ?590, making but 400 lbs. of yarn). 2.50 10 per cent, for wear aud tear of ma? chinery, charged to production, per pound. 1.26 Total cost of manufacturing cot tou, worth 20c. per pound. 0.00 Freights to New York or Philadelphia 65c., insurance 15. 80 Cost cotton per pound. 20.00 Total cost per pound of Southern yarn, (No. 20.) delivered in N. Y., 29.80 The vert/ lowest estimate I havo seen of the cost of manufacturing at tho North places cost of labor, repair, packing, and general expenses at per pound. 10.24 Loss by waste, (cotton at 20c. in Co? lumbia would be 22j.Jc. in New York; therefore, 450 lbs. cotton would cost $101.25, and would make 400 lbs. yarn). 2.81 10 per ceut. fur wear and tear ma? chinery . 1.2G Total cost of manufacturing in tho North. 14.31 Add cost of cotton. 22.50 Co.st of No. 20 yarns manufactured at the North. 3G.81 Showing a difference in favor of tho South of per pound. 7.01 Roth using the same quality of cotton. Deduct commissions, cartage, ?fcc.... 2.01 And wo have a net profit to tho South? ern manufacturer, provided ho sells at the cost of Northern productijn 5.00 A manufacturer of cotton yarns from Manchester. Eugland, after looking at our books, told mo that we manufactured cheaper than they did, by about the differ? ence in value of currency and gold. That is to say, that the Cost of labor, repairs, packing and general expeuses was with them, gold. 5.21 Add for difference in value of gold and currency. 1.75 And we have in currency. G9.9 Estimating cotton in Liverpool at 24c, and tho waste (450 lbs. cotton, worth $108, making 400 lbs. yarn,) would bo. 3.00 9.99 Wear aud tear of muchiuery. 1.26 11.25 Add cost of cotton. 24.00 And we havo, as cost of No. 20 yam mannfactured in England. 35.25 Cost of Sou thora yarns, aa. heretofore shown........C.29 Freight ?uti insurance.. ...... 1.50 Cost of Southern yarns delivered lu England.... 30.50 Difference in favor of Southern yarns 4.75 But no estimate is made of the brokerage, ?fcc, in Liverpool, or of tho freights and charges on the cotton from Liverpool to Manchester. Southern yarns could bo I shipped to the continont of Europe at about tho same rates ns to Liverpool, while Euglish yarns would have to pay freight from Manchester to the continent. These additional charges on tho cost of English yarns being considered, I tliink it would bc quite fair to infer from the foregoing that we could send our yarns to Europe, and, selling them at the cost of producing English yarns, derive a net profit of at least rive cents per pound. In suport of tho figures I have given, and thc conclusions I have drawn from them, ] mention tho fact that at no time within the last three years would wu have been unablt to command from our Northern commission houses (had wo chosen to ask for them) ad vanees beyond the total cost of our yams. Can any Northern or English manufacturai say this ? Estimating tho average crop of cotton al 2,500,000 bales, of -150 pounds each, am' tho price herc at 25 cents, aud we have ai the amount received by the South, ?225, 000,000. Manufacture this cotton intr yarns, and sell at cost of Northern or Eng fish production, and We have, after deduct? ing all foreign charges, (net prico per pouut 34c.,) 0310,000,000; and for waste, wliicl would bo worth for paper stock, if mannfac turcd at tho South, $2 per bale, ?5,000, 000-$315.000,000; showing a gain to tin South of $120,000,000; and if wc estimate for a receipt of pay 3c. per pound and cos of foreign manufacture, (and our expcrienct would more than justify it,) wo have i further gaiu of $30,000,000. lu all, 8150, 000,000. The average production of yarns last yeni throughout the United States was pei spindle, 02.17 pouuds; the average nu m be: of yarn manufactured, 27.318; tho tota: number of spindles was about 0,018,210; o these the Northern States had 5,848,477 and tho Southern States only 100,772. Tin average number of yarn manufactured a tho North was 277,;; production per spindle 50.57. .The average number of yarn manu factured at tho South was 12~,;; production per spindle, 140.37. Those ligures are based upon tho report made to the National Association of Cottoi Manufacturers and Plauters. It is probabli that ninny of the smaller mills in the Sont! were uot reported. My calculation is base upon an average production per spintll (ring traveler) of 87 pounds, and averag number 20. To spin 2,500,000 bales would rcquir 11,494,253 spindles. If cap frames wer used, of course a less number of spindle would bo required. The calculation wi vary, according to the kind of spinnin done, and machines used. 11,494,253 spit dies would givo employment to 249,95 hands-principally females, from ten yeal of ago up, and small boys. Tho average wagos of the operatives (bi and little) in our mill is $142.82 each pc annum, which would give as the gro.' amount paid for wages per annum, ?35 798,901.82. And that, too, paid for labe that would nearly all of it not only be othe wiso unemployed in adding to tho wealth < tho country, but bo a positive burthen upc the country. It must not bo supposed that, bocana these figures show that it would requii about twice the number of spindles no run in the North to spin up our entiro co ton crop at home, that the amount of car. tal required would be double that invest? in cottou manufactures in tho North, ar therefore to bo beyond our reach; for but comparatively small amount of Northoi capital is invested in spinning. Tho mo of it is in weaving, dyeing, printing, bleac iug, A-c. Spinning is comparatively simp] and complications commence when weavii begins. It must be evident to every business ma that all our cotton must, sooner or later, I manufactured here, at the place of its pr duction. If done now, by associations planters and other Southern people, adi t ional wealth is secured to ourselves and our children; if deferred, Northern capil and energy will inevitably occupy tho fie) It seems to me entirely practicable tb the planters of cotton-growing districts, over tho South, should combine together, joint stock associations, aud erect cott mills of sufficient capacity to spin np tin crops. No doubt, if this suggestion wt acted upon at once, and all our cotton mn into yarn, and thrown upon tho Northc murket, tho supply would exceed tho t marni, and loss, at first, would ensue. 1 proposition is to ship direct to tho contine c" Europa, as weli as tho North. It woi tr.^e us but little timo to drivo other yal from tho market. The process of upproac ing tho spinning of our entire crop wot be gradual, and woulel keep paco with t gradual withdrawal of our competitors. To show the practicability of this plan submit an estimate for a cotton mill w .1,080 spindles, ring traveling frames: Number of square feet of flooring, 10,2 amount of No. 20 yarns manufactured spindle, 87 pounds. Total amount of No. yarns manufactured in mill, 354,900 poun Cost of first class machinery, with all latest improvements, viz: One largo cylint cotton opener, (English;) ono 3 cylin? oponer, with 1 beater, (Euglish;) 1 dou lap machine, (English;! 10self-stripping, inch cords, with 2 R. W. heads, troughs i belts; 2 drawing frames and cans; 1 Engl slubber, 60 spindles; 2 English jack rov frames, 120 spindles each; 20 ring tra ve spinning frames, 201 spindles each ; 14 re traverse grinder, slide reel, card clothi governor, turbine- wheel, cotton scales, bundle and bale presses, shafting, belting, bobbins,transportation, putting up machine? ry, findings to commence with, kc, kc, $43,000; bnilding, including houses for ope? ratives, (estimated by an experienced con? tractor,) 7,000; total, $50,000. Such a mill will give e.-nployment to 87 operatives, and will consume 887 bales cotton, weighing 150 pounds each. Estimated net profits on productions, if sold at co.st of Northern pro? duction, $17,748. No estimate is made of the cost of water power, us that would de? pend upon location, size au 1 nature of stream. Finally, with great didi deuce, but with equal earnestness, I urge upon the conven? tion, and upon the Southern people gene? rally, careful consideration of the facts and figures submitted; and close with the sug? gestion, that houses of correction for juve? nile delinquents, who abound iu our midst, and penitentiaries for females be established, and that their inmates, as well as those of orphan asylums, ho employed in cotton manufacturing. I may state that, by the wiso forethought of the projectors of our State Penitentiary, this was, to a limited extent, provided for, aud I believe I am correct in saying that the convicts now manufacture nearly, if not quito all, their clothiug, bedding, &c. The. following resolution was introduced by Col. Thomas, and referred to the Com? mittee ou Labor: Resobrad, That the true policy of thc South, iu relation to the all-important sub jeot of labor, consists in utilizing tho laboi I that wo have and in supplementing it witl foreign white labor us rapidly as possible. On motion of T. S. Clempton, Esq., ar additional Committee was appointed OL Education. Tho following gentlemen com pose said Committee: Messrs. T. S. Clomp j ton, C. P. Pelham, Jas. L. Orr, li. F. Per ! ry, .Tas. Chestnut. The Committee on Resolutions, relating I to thu organization of this meeting, beg U report: ' I. That they recommend that the meetiuf organize itself into un association to bi called "The Agricultural and Meclianici) Society of South Carolina"-which Will adopted. 2. That the officers elected by this meet ing bo the officers of that Society, nuti otherwise ordered. Adopted. The Committee on Mechanics recoupment that, so far as it is possible, that associa tion shall have their implements of agricul lure, made within the State-either by th existing means, or if necessary, by th formation of companies for the specif) manufacture of implements required b them. And that uutil such companies ar formed, they will foster and encourage thos establishment's of their State engaged i this work. A communication was read by Roswoll '1 Logan, Esq., from Messrs. Walker. Evan & Cogswell, relative to the establishment c an agricultural magazine in Charleston. A. A. Gilbert, Esq., offered the followin resolutions, which were unanimousl; adopted : Resolved, That it is the sense of this Sc ciety that tho publication ol" this journal b Messrs. Walker, Evaus & Cogswell is < vital importance to the successful develo* ment of tho material resources of this Stat and of the entire South, and we heartil pledge our inlluencoand support to them i this their enterprise. Resolved, That tho President of this St ciety bo requested to appoiut a Committc of three from each County, whose duty will bo to interest the people of their r spectivo Counties in said magazine. Gen. Gary moved that j a Committee I required to draft a constitution and by-lav to govern this Society. Mr. Boinest offered the following ; whic was adopted : Resolved, That the original Agricultur Society of South Carolina be revived, wi it? constitution and by-laws, and that tl officers just elected bo the officers of th Society. Ou motion of Gov. Bonham, tho Conve tion adjourned to meet to-day, at ll o'clo a. m. -o The last English mail brings tho articl of the London papers on tho resolution sympathy with the Cuban insurgents th passed the Houso of Representatives befe adjournment. "It is difficult," says a le? ?og writer, "to conceive the feeling whi would havo been excited in America if t House of Commons had passed an ana gous resolution in 18G1. Tho adoption a majority of nearly threo to ono of an i dress to tho Crown expressing sympat with tho Southern States, and proinisi her Majesty support in tho event of 1 I thiuking it right to rccognizo their im pondonce, would havo been accepted aim as a declaration of war." Tho writer a argues that the step taken by Congress *. necessitate somo ingenious special plead: on the part of Mr. Motley when ho resur tho Alabama negotiations. It is also asscr that tho British Government will ndoj new and bold policy in referenco to tho I ban question. Thc Cuban insurgents to bo conceded belligerent rights, assista rendered, and the intlependonco of island assured. This provonts annex?t to tho Unitod States, and shows consiste in tho Alabama claims matter and the C federacy. Tho soiree, lost night, was well patron i -notwithstanding tho ugly weather-: tho lady attendants exerted themselves tho utmost to supply the numerous wt of their patrons. It will be oontinued I ovening. :. ? ??" . .. i ' '-..I.!. I 1 "ii *" !3Z?OO?1 X -t ? 3JLL Hi . -o Mesara. Duffie & Chapman have received tho May number of Demorest's Monthly Magazine. It is an excellent one. -o The annual meeting of tho stockholders of tho Greenville and Columbia Railroad Company will be held this morning, at 10 o'clock, in the chapel attached to the Niok ersou House. -o The demand for lodgings continued yes? terday. The Greenville trains brought dowu a perfect avalanche in the way of passengers. Chairs were at a premium, while even hooks in walls wero not despised. Our merchants have been driving a brisk trade, and everybody appears in jolly good humor. Tho Central House accommodated over fifty; whilo tho Columbia and the Nickerson disposed of fully as many more. Prof. Reynolds' New Pictorial Header, No. 3, has just been issued by Messrs. Duffie A Chapman. It is ono of the series heretofore noticed in theso columns, and which have been so favorably received not only iu South Carolina, but other Southam States. Tbe "lessons" are attractive, while I the illustrations aro beautifully executed. -o The Pal mottoes made excellent time in Charleston, and carried oil* the prize for visiting engines. There was a slight draw I back at the well; owing to their being unac? quainted with the usc of suction hose. Tho time was 2.33. The "boys" are expected home this afternoon, and the ''Indepen? dents" will parade to receive them. We would suggest to our lady friends tho pre? paration of wreaths and flowers to decorate the machines of the returning as well as the receiving company. -o Speaking of the feeling that now exists at the North, to look out at the South for business locations, the National Intelligencer cautions holders of real estate against ask? ing monstrous prices, perchance, some? body applies to thom to purchase property for the site of mechanical or manufacturing establishments. Tho real estate owner should go to great lengths to strike a bar? gain with the manufacturer, feeling that the property iuterest which he does not convey, will be enhanced in value. -o We are indebted to Senator Sawyer for public; documents. -o SOUTH CAROLINA AoKlcui/ruRAii MAGA? ZINE.-The State Agricultural Society, yes? terday, endorsed, as its official organ, an agricultural monthly magazine, to bo pub? lished by Messrs. Walker, Evans Sc Cogs? well, of Charleston. Tho first number of the magazine will appear about tho 1st of August, and the name of the publishers is a sufficient guaranty that this long felt want of South Carolina is about to be well sup? plied. A few copies of tho "Sack and Destruc? tion of Columbia" can be obtained at the Phonix office. Price twonty-fivo cents. -o NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.-Special attention is called to the following advertisements, published for the first time this morning: W. B. Gulich-Bank Statement. J. P. M. Epping-In Bankruptcy. Robert Bryce-Co* Estrny. R. C. Shiver-Final Notice. Hosteler's Stomach Bitters. ? Piano for Sale-Apply at, Sec. W. T. Walter-Notice. Meeting Acacia Lodge. Meeting Independent Fire Company. R. C. Shiver-Fine Opening. D. C. Peixotto & Son-Auction. Duffie Sc Chapman-New Books. J. Meighan-Shoes and Hats. -o How TO RETAIN YOUTH AND BEAUTY.-It isa matter of no little importance now-a dayu, among men and women, to preserve tho bloom and freshness of more youtbfnl days. Cosmetics and Parisian artifices will never stay the furrowing plough-share of time. External appliances cunuot rejuve? nate the decaying spirits of man or woman, so long as they neglect to keep the lamp of lifo well supplied with puro blood. Some? thing must bo done to quicken and vitalize tho inner man and supply tho waste tissues with pure blood, if you would preserve the ruddy glow of health and beauty of youth. HBINITSH'S QUEEN'S DEMOHT is the great blood purifier and a beautifier, because it removes by its invigorating and cleansing properties, all blemishes, spots, pimples, boils, eruptions. It purifies and beautifies. For salo by FISHER & HEINITSH, A29 Druggists. -o A WRONO IMPRESSION CORRECTED.-Many persons believe that thero is no value in any thing that does not como from "tho North." How humiliating! However, this impres? sion is being gradually corrected. It is now admitted that no remedial Agent has ever been discovered, North or South, that pos? sesses, iu so eminent a degree, tho power of eradicating from the system all foul distem? per, os DR. TUTT'B SARSAPARILLA AND QUEEN'S DEDIOHT. The secret is, it assists nature lo do this through its own channels. It is composed of vegetable substances alone, every one of which grows on Southern soil. It is the BiiOOD PURIFMR OP THE AUB. A24 6