Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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I ' . .. f. COLUMBIA. * Saturday Morning, January 26.1868. The Coming Criai?. The country is rapidly approaching * crisis of vital importance to its ex? istence as n republic, and to the fu? ture freedom and prosperity of its people. Like i he Roman Senate, after the fall of Carthage, like the Long Parliament, niter the death of Charles, and the French Convention, after the death of Louis, tho Ameri? can Congress are attempting to usurp ?ll the ."powers of the Government Under tho pretext of giving freedom to the blacks, defending the Consti? tution, and maintaining the Union, they are endeavoring to enslave the whites, they are, subverting tho Con? stitution, and they insist that there is no Union. Like those three memorable bodies, their "iUusirious predecessors,", they entertain ve ty lit? tle regard for the rights of the peo? ple; indeed, to them, the people are nothing. They got into power nuder false pretenses, by'the use bf (shfb boloths, and, as they hare not been over-nice in their mode of gaining it, they seem determined not to bo ovor sornpnlous in the use of means to keep it. The Roman Senate usurped the sole power of dividing but the ; provinces and the appointment of their officials; for power, even in those.days, was found to be profit1 able. Tho Long Parliament were governed by similar motives/and had, besides, the disposition of the confiscated estates of the royalists. While tho French Convention had, in addition to all these, the plunder of the property of the church. Are the motives whioh direct the policy of the American Congress, any purer ot more disinterested than those that governed the corrupt patricians pagan Rome, or the puritans of Eng? land, whose hearts, notwithstanding their sour visages and pretentious sanctity, hungered after the -good things of this life, or the Jacobins of Franco, who denied God and defiled his altars? The Mobile' Advertiser reminds the people of the North, that the Constitution made the Govern? ment to consist of throe departments, .each p<Dsseb?ing separate and distinct powers, so that each might serve as a check upon the others. The present Congress at e endeavoring to concen? trate all the powers of the Govern? ment in one department, by absorb? ing those of the Executive, and rendering less effective those of the judicial department. If the North? ern States submit to this usurpation, the Constitution will bo at au end, and the Government will become u despotic oligarchy, as a preparatory step to n military or imperial despot ism. The critical hour is approach ing. Congress seems determined tc revolutionize the Government bj usurping nil its powers. ^.Will th? President, who is sworn to uphoK the Constitution, submit to th< visnrpation? Will the peoplo of th< Northern States offer no resistance t< the complete subversion of the Go vemment? Will they consent tha their Chief Magistrate shall be se -aside, in violation of the letter ant the spirit of the Constitution, and b a body of men the majority of whor. no longer represent the public senti mente even of the States that electe them? If the President determine to uphold tho rights of the executiv deportment, will the ohief General c the army ref ase to obey the orders c his Commander-in-Chief? If h .does, will the President hesitate t .dismiss bim, and appoint another i his place? If the President yieldi he falls, and the dignity of the Pr< sidential office will bo lost forever. Such is tho crisis that has con: upon tho country. The people < the Northern States are now in tl scale, and, if they are found wantini their liberties will be taken froi thom, and their future prosperity wi be marred byjstormy revolutions ac bloody wars. How little have mr learned from ino lessons of the pas when the same game can be play? once evevy three or four generation The history of every country tells \ that power is always grasping, that has a natural tendency to increas and that neither conscience nor pri oiple can check its growth. But all tho forms in which power presen itself to tho public eye, that whi appears in military uniform ia t most dangerous. AU history uni! in teaching us that military power, once established, is uot easily got rid pf. ._ ,?': THE CoirvBNTioN.-The Charleston News speaks ns follows of tho present aspect of- the Convention: "A prisis bits evidently arrived in the policy of thu Convention. Here? tofore, ita tour? baa beeb, compara tively conciliuiory and moderate. Hereafter, the negroes aro likely to form a. compact, solid body of voters in one direction. The real animus of their action-their bato for the land? holder-was yesterday developed to the full, and no man not a member of the Convention could observe the display of feeling, ill-conceived as it waa, without seeing trouble in the. not distant future. "Somo supposed that the body would be moderate; that South Caro? lina would be abie to boast a more intell?geat and better dfapo?ed array of delegates than ?ny otb or *r*?fW lioas' State; but tho bubble hps burst Negro shrewdness is likely to triumph in the Convention, and the whirlwind sat in motion by the white leaders is fast progressing beyond their control. The excitement yes? terday, after the Convention ad? journed, was very great, and we se? riously doubt whether there ia strength enough among the white delegates to hold it in check, unless this desirable object can be com Eassed by such clever colored mem ers os Whipper, Wright, Langley, Wilder, und others of that class." - , ? ?? *^-! NEURALGIA.-We have cut from the Alta .Californian a receipt for the cure of neuralgia, which the editor of that paper claims to have been effective in several cases to his own knowledge. He says: "Some time ago, we published, at the request of a friend, a receipt to cure neuralgia-half a drachm of sal ammonia in an ounce of camphor water, to be taken a tea-spoonful nt n dose, and the dose repeated several limos ai intervals of five minutes, if the pain bo not relieved at once. Half a dozen different persons have since tried the receipt, and in, every caso an immediate cure has been effected. In one, the sufferer, a lady, had been affected for more than a week, and her. physician was unable to alleviate her sufferings, when a eolation of sal ammonia in camphor water relieved her in a few minutes." The "White Fawn" burst brilliant? ly upon New York. Niblo's was densely crowded. The papers say the dance of the "Fire Flies" is a ballet of striking originality; the fairy creatures caper about with torches on their heads, and there is a march of little fishes and an adapta? tion of the principal effect of a Lon? don pantomime called "The House that Jack Built." An army of juve? nile masons, carpenters, etc., with all the necessary tools and materials, enter and go through the mimic notion of erecting the dark tower for the princess, who is condemned to be kept from the light of day for seventeen years. Fortune evidently will smile upon the "Fawn" na upon the "Black Crook." ? .? BUSINESS OF THE LEADING CITIES. The Report of the Special Commis? sioner of Internal Revenue, among other interesting details, presenta an exhibit of the aggregate amount of business transacted in the leading commercial cities of tho country, by wholesale, and retail dealers in mer? chandize and liquors, and by auction? eers and merchandize brokers. The exhibit embraces the fiscal year end? ing June 30, 1867, and tho figures are supplied by tho return of tuxes on "sales" and "licenses. " The fol? lowing is the exhibit presented by the Commissioner: New York, $1.976,565,000; Philadelphia, 616, 697,000; Boston, 646,407,000; Balti? more, 307,076,000; New Orleans, 376,591,000; St Louis, 284,891,000; Cincinnati, 180,753,000; Chicago, 174,245,000; San Francisco, 161,225. 000; Brooklyn. 61,448,000; Cleveland, 56,117,000; Mobile, 54,291,000, Buf? falo, 51,783,000; Charleston, 30,574, 000;,Newark, 34,396,000. An exchange, referring to tho fact of a doctor in Heidelberg and two of I his assistants having died of oroup. in consequence of sucking the blood flowing during a successful operation of trocbeotoiny, stated that the disease is always curable by a very simple remedy, even when tho patient is on the verge of suffocation. This consists, first, in applying water to tho throat by means of a sponge or soft cloth, so hot as to be very pain? ful to the hand of the operator, in? stant robef being nsoally y?Jcr?e?. j After this has been continued for ? fifteen or thirty minutes, a ponltioe of linseed meal, rolled up in a cloth, is to be applied while very hot, and left on for some time. The remedies are to be repeated should tho attack return; but the writer states that, after a long experience, he has never I known them to fail. Another Lilliputian marriage is an? nounced, that of Commodore Nutt and Miss Minnie Warren. The com? bined fortunes of the pair amount to $250,000. ? * - .. . ? <l_, j - ' lt THe ?.?-construction (Dux rent Ion. EIGHTH DAT. - O?AUXESTON, January 23, .1868. The Convention assembled at 12 M., and waa called to order by President A. G. Mackey. Prayer was offered by the Be v. R. H. Cai?jicolored.) J. J. Wright made a report of the Oom rai tte? On the Judiciary, on ?,te> solntion of inquiry as to the legisla? tive powers of the Convention. Th? Committee - are of opinion that, .the Convention has the power to legislate oe far as they nay consider it proper for the grad .pf-the people. F. J. Moses, Jr., moved thatch* report be made the. special order'Jeir 1 o'clock to-morrow. I J. J. "Wright raade'? report of tho same Committee, on an ordinance for I the abolition of the District Courts. The Committee regard the ordinauce as unnecessary, as the subject will be embraced in the report of the Judi 1 ci?TT Coruimiivu, upon tiiut portion of the Constitution referred to them. Adopted. C. M. Olsen offered the following, which was referred to tho Committee on Finance: Resolved, That oil banks and sav? ing institutions in this State, which suspended payment during the re? bellion, shall, immediately after the ratification of the State Constitution, go into liquidation. B. F. Randolph offered the follow? ing, which wSS' referred to tho Com? mittee on Franchise nnd Elections: .Whereas, incentives are necoasary to a more speedy attainment of learn? ing and intelligence, which are the sure guards of Republican liberty; therefore, bo it Resolved, That the forth-coming Constitution of thc Stato shall pro? vide that all persons coming of age after tho first of January, 1875, shall possess the qnalifications of rending nnd writing intelligently, in order to be able to vote. Referred to the Committee on Franchise and Elec? tions. B. F. Whitteraoro offered tho fol? lowing, which was referred to the Committee on Education : No township or school district shall receive any portion of the public school fund unless a free school shall have been kept therein for not less than three months during the year, for which the distribution therein shall have been made. The Legisla? ture shall have tho power to require, by law, that every child of sufficient mental aud physical ability shall at? tend the publie schools, during the period between the ages of five and eighteen years, for a term equivalent to sixteen months, unless educated by other means. R. G. Holmen offered a resolution, requiring that no debt contracted bj the State of South Carolina while ic rebellion against the United States, shall be legalized or paid by any Ad of any Legislature of this State. Referred to the Committee on th< Legislative part of the Constitution. Robert Small offered tho following which was referred to the Committet on Education: That the Committee on the Con siltation be directed to report ai article providing for a system o; common schools, of different grades I to be open without charge to al classes of persons. B. F. Randolph introduced thc following, which was indefinitely postponed : That the forth-coming Conslitn tion sholl not itself make any dis I Unction on account of color, on? shall provide that no distinctioi whatever on account of color in on; law, legislativo or municipal, shall bi made in this State: and that th cr shall be no distinction on account a color in any institution which. de pends on tho pnblic for its support. An ordinance for the division o Pickens District was discussed, nm was finally made the special order fo Monday next, at 1 o'clock. The next special order taken n was the petitiou to Gen. Cunby fe the stay of all executions on debt contracted prior to the 30th of June 1865. Rutland moved, on behalf of 1 J. Robertson, that the Oonventio grant him leave to read his remark on the subject, which had been con mittcd to writing. T. J. Robertson then rose, an said it was not the poor man, or th loyal man, who brought about th present impoverished condition c the country. On the contrary, it wi thoBo who claim to have the wisdoi and wealth of the country. The? lost were the very mon now clamo; ing for stay laws and homestead He never knew a man who paid b debt? only at the end of the law, t pay them at all when he had a sta law. These parties owning larg bodies of lands, wanting stay lo wi are those who say thoy nan.net ii^ here with colored men. They don want to pay their just debts, an never wilt He deemed stay laws i unconstitutional, impairing the obi g?tions of oontraots. Let them se their lands, and it will bo better f< the working man, enabling him t provide a home and identify bimse with the soil. He was willing to gi) a liberal homestead law, say of fori or sixty acres, quite enough for at man to support his family. Nos sir, the men, with but few oxee tiona, asking relief, are those who tl not reoogniae the validity of the R construction. Acts of Congress, and who refused to vote nt the election for delegates to this Convention. Some of them call this Convention a menagerie, ii collection of wild uui rnalo. lathis, menagerie- to protect' their property at tho expense of the Ioyai oitizens and the working men of tho country? I hope not. Orare we ton-bey tho laws, which recognize DO such thing? The resolution be? fo ro them only asked a stay of three months. What does th ut mean? Thar will then bring it up before the Legislature, abd ask for it to fi? ex? tended until fall, to allow the crop to bo made and gathered, and then tho price of cotton not being high enough lo suit their Views,- they Will clamor for its continuance, until th -o is no end. toit. A stay law has been in operation for more than six years, and gentlemen are here asking for more time. He saw no disposition oU the part of the crediton of this State to oppress tho d?Kf<??t vr herc they are making the least effort to discharge their obligations. Stay laws are the legitimate offspring of secession and rebellion, and nre we, who claim to be loyal, to continue to foster and cherish that offspring? Let them take the fate of their Alma Mater. lt. H. Caiu said this question is one that certainly affects the poor mnu as well ns the rich. And at the conclu? sion of his remarks, the Convention adjourned. An RxtrkorUlnnry Invention-Slr?m Maa. The following story of a remarka? ble mechanical invention is told by tbe Newark (N. J.) Advertiser: "Mr. Zadock De dd rick, a Newark machinist, has invented n mau ; one that, moved by steam, will perform some of the most important functions of humanity; that will, stan ding up? right, walk or run, as he is bid, in any direct iou and at almost any ritte of speed, drawing after him a load whose weight would tux the strength of three stout draught horses. The history of thin euricn.e invention is ss follows: Six years ago, Mr. Ded drick, tho inventor, who is at pre? sent but twenty-two years of age, conceived the novel idea of construct? ing a man that should receive its vitality from a perpetual motion machine. Thc idea wan based on the well-known mechanical principle that if a heavy weight be placed al the top of an upright, slightly in? clined from a vertical, gravitation will tend to produce a horizontal as well as vertical motion. The project wa." not successful. However, by observ? ing carefully the cause of the failure, preserving and perfecting the mm form, and by substituting steam it place of the perpetual motion ma chine, the present success was attain ed. "The man stands seven feet ant nine inches high, the other dimen sions of tho body being correctly ?roportioned, making him a secont laniel Lambert, by which name hi is facetiously spoken of among tin workmen. Ho weighs 500 pounds Steam is generated in the body o truck, which is uothvog but a three horse power engine, like those use? in our steam fire engines. The leg which support it are complicated nm wonderful. The steps are taken ver; naturally and quite easily. As th body is thrown forward upon th advanced foot, the other is lift?" from the ground by a spring an? thrown forward by the steam. Ead step or pace advances the body tw< feet, and every revolution of th engine produces four paces. As th engine is capable of making more thai 1,000 revolutions in a minute, i would get over the ground, on thi calculation, at the rate of a littl more than u mile a minute. As thi would be working tho legs faste than would be safe on uneven groan or on Broad street cobble-stones, i is proposed to run the engine at th rate of 500 revolutions per minot? which would walk the man at th modest speed of half a mile a minute "The follow is attached to a corr mon rockaway carriage, the shafts c which serve to support him in vertical position. These shafts ar two bars of iron, fastened in th usual manner to the front of th carriage, and are curved so as to h joined to a circular sustaining bal which passes around the waist like girth, and in which the man move so os to fuce in any direction. Bi sides these motions, machinery ht been arranged by which the flgui can bo thrown backward or forwar from a vertical nearly forty-five di grees. This is done in order to em ble it to ascend or descend all grade To the soles of the feet spikes < corks are fixed, whioh effect nail prevent slipping. Tho whole a fla is so firmly sustained by the shaf and so oxcellont a foot-hold, that t\v mea ere unable to push it over, < in any other way 'throw it dowi In order to enable it to stop quickl; it is provided with two epplianoei one of which will, as before state? throw it backward from the vertieu while the other bends the knees in direction opposite to the natural pi sitiOD.ii "An upright post, whioh is a ranged in front of the dash-boan and within easy reach of tho froi seats, sustains two miniature pih wheels, by the turning of whit these various motions and ovolutioi aro directed. It is expected that sufficiently large amount of coal ct be stowed away under that back sent of tho carriage to work the engine for a day, and enough water in a tank under tho irani neut to lust half a day. "lu order to prevent the 'ginnt' from frightening horace by its won? derful appearance, Mr. Deddrick in? tends to clothe it, and give it, us nearly as possible, a likeness to the rest of humanity. Tho boiler and such parts us are unnecessarily heat? ed,' will bo encased iu felt or woolen under-garments. Pantaloons, coat and vest, of the latest styles, are provided. Whenever the ?ees need coaling, which ia every two or three honra, the driver stops the machine, desoeuds from his sent, nubattous 'Daniel's' vest, opens a door, shoves in the fuel, buttons np the vest, and drives on. On the back, between the shoulders, the nteam-cocks and ganges are placed. As these would cause the coat to sit awkwardly, a ?u?panv;n. USS been provided that I completely covers thom. A blanket neatly rolled up and placed ou top of thc knapsack, perfecta the delusion. The face is moulded into a cheerful countenance of white enamel, which contrasts well with the dark hair and moustache. A sheet-iron bat with a gauge top acts as a smoke-stack. "The cost of this 'first man' is $2,000, though the makers, Messrs. Deddrick & Grass, expect to manu? facture succeeding ones, warranted to run a year without repairs, for $300. The Bame parties expect to construct, on the same principle, horses, which will do the duty of ten or twelve ordinary animals of tho Rame species. These, it is cofldeutly believed, can be used alike before carriages, street cars and plonghs. Tho man now constructed can make his way, without difficulty, over any irregular surface whose ruts and stones ure not more than niuo inches below or above the level of tho road. " WOODEN " WALL-PAPER. "-A very delicate, simple, and beautiful ma? chine lins been constructed, which will take a portion of a tree, after it i bas been cut the right length and width, und shave it up into thin rib? bons as wide as a roll of house paper, making 100 or 150 to the inch. These rolls of wood are placed on the walls by paper-hangers with paste and brush precisely in the same man? ner with paper. The wood is wet when used, and really works easier than paper, because it is much more tongh and pliablo. In these days, when variety is sought for, oue can finish the walls of his house iu dif? ferent woods to suit his taste. Ono room can be finished in bird's-eyo maple, another in chestnut, another in cherry, another in whito wood, and so on. Thus he bas no imita? tion, but the real genuine article npon bis walls. The eye tires of set figures, such as wo have in ordinary puper-hungiuga, but never of nature itself. Tho longer tho wood-hanging remains on the wall, the more distinct will bo the grain and color of the wood. THE GROWTH OP PHUJADELI'IIIA. In Philadelphia, there are 80.830 brick buildings, 6,835 etone build? ings, and 13,819 frame buildings. Of the brick buildings, 762 are one story, 16,517 two-story, 58,463 three story, and 5,058 four-story and over. Of the stone buildings, 190 ar? one story, 4,253 are two-story, 2,330 are throe-story, and 106 fonr-story and over. Of the frames, 1,071 aro one story, 11,510 two-story, and 1,238 three-story. There are also a num? ber of iron buildings in the city, while the aggregate number of build? ings of all kinda is 101,504. Among these aro 385 churches, 208 public schools, forty-five religious schools, 1,2(3:5 faotories, and sixty public in? stitutions. NEWS rnoM HAVANA.-Affairs, it appears, have become very unsettled in Ouba, and a rising of tho negroes is constantly expected. Cholera-or, us they call it, cholerine-whioh hos been raging of late, is again said to bo on the decrease. The tax-gather? ers are meeting with serious resist? ance in tho performance of their duties. Burglaries of the most dar? ing and atrocious kind are being per? petrated under the noses of the police. Tho state of matters hos become such that the hope becomes general that Cuba, by purchase or otherwise, will soon be unnexed to the United States. INCENDIARISM ON THE INCREASE. On last Friday night, the gin house of Capt J. H. McKnight, containing his crop of cotton for 1867, was de? stroyed by fire. The cause of the fire is attributed to the agency of one or more of the fiends whoso incendiary fires have so frequently of lute lit np the darkness of night in our District. Again, on last Monday night, Rboat 2 o'clock, the largo and handsome store of Messrs. Iugraham & Oliver, with the post office and revenue office attached, were entirely destroyed. [Clarendon Banner. FATAIJ ACCIDENT.-A negro, namo unknown, was killed last night, about 7 o'clock, at Bennett's Mill, East end of Wentworth street. He was walk? ing on tho tramway that leads from tho mill to the wharf, and his foot slipping, he fell on the track. A car, loaded with rough rice, was at that moment corning from the wharf, and it passed over bis body, killing him instantly.-Charleston ?excs, 24iA. Iiooal T.tov?is. ; CASU-PAY UP.-From and after January 1, 1868, the cash system will be strictly enforced. Persons who are now indebted for subscriptions, and who wish their papers continued, will confer a favor by paying up at once. Those who fail will havo their papers discontinued. Cash will also be required for all advertisements. Persons forwarding advertisements from a distance, must send a remit? tance. Job work cash on delivery. DEATH OF A MEBCHANT.-James Milling, Esq., who has been engaged in merchandizing in Columbia for a number of years, departed this life yesterday. His funeral will take place, thi? afternoon, ut half-past 3 o'clock. Tms TROTTING RACE.-Tho weather proving favorable, yesterday after nuuii, tue anticipated trot came off. Mr. Fulton's "American Star" was the winner; Mr. Ward's "Betty Ward" secoud; and Mr. Harvey's "Fly Away" third. The track was heavy after the late rains, so that the race could not be taken as a fair test of the speed of tho horses; we, therefore, omit the time. WHOLESALE ROBBEBT.-We regret to state that Caleb Bo uk night, Esq., hus again-for the third time-met with heavy lasses, at the -bands of some of tho bands of robbers with which this section is, unfortunately at the present time, over-run. It appears that the iron bars in front of the windows of his pantry were re? moved, on Thursday, night, and'five or six hundred pounds of provisions -bacon, flour, sugar, coffee, etc. carried off. Keep a sharp lookout for these burglars, and lend them a ball or two, propelled by a modicum of powder-it is the only snre way of ' putting a atop to marauding. Ronny BUHNS.-To day-January 25-is tho 106th anniversary of the birth of Scotland's favorite bard. The Burns Club of this city, desirous of properly celebrating the day-but, at the same time, not wishing to en? croach on the Sabbath-have post? poned their festival until Monday, the 27th, when a supper will be served in Mr. McKenzie's a. uni style -tickets for whioh can be obtained at his store, or from either member of the committee. And t?ose who attend may rest assured that they will receive just the sort of welcome that Burns refers to, when he said: "When death's dark stream I ferry o'er, A time tlint surely shall come, lu Heaven itself I ask no more Than just a Highland welcome." If you tip over and spill your milk, don't cry about it. Master your per? pendicular as soon as possible and press on just aa bravely and confi? dently aa though nothing had hap? pened. The faot ia, every man baa upset his pan of milk, so to speak, and many a timo, too. Tho live and wise man extracts from it new ideas, and is all the better for it. He is more careful where and how he steps, sees when and where he did not be? fore, and really makes the seeming misfortune a stepping-stone to soma new gain or reach. So if yon tip over and spill your milk, make your? self upright without delay and drive on. MAIL ARRANGEMENTS.-The post office open during the week from 8% a. m. to 6 p. m. On Sundays, from 1}4 to 2>< p. m. The Charleston and Western mails are open for delivery at 2 p. m., and close at 9 a m. Northern-Open for delivery at 10} J a. m., oloses at 1 p. m. Greenville-Open for delivery at $ p. m., closes at 8 p. m. NKW ADVEKTIHKMRNTA.-Attention is caQ nd to tho following advertisements, pub? lished this morning for tho ural time: Assembling Trim Brotherhood Irtilg*. G-'..-- Sr lasers-Ale, Liquors, &6. John Y. Stook-SonUi-westorn II. H., Ac Regular Meeting Typographical Union. R. E. Levy- Israelite Knud ay School. John D. Bateman-Fresh Oysters. A. R. Phillips-Anotion Bate. MUBDEB ON JAMES ISLAND.-A mur? der was committed on Wednesday evening, on James Island, by Bill Richardson, colored, on Wm. Fell, a colored boy, some eighteen or twenty years old, by striking him on the head with a stick ; the boy lived but a> few hours after tho blow was struck. The cause of the homicide grew out of a quarrel about some wood which Foll had stolon from Richardson. [Charleston Mercury.