Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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COLUMBIA. Thursday Morning, October 3, 1867. V\. Tho Nevr?pa.|*rj-Its, C?c?. ? ?The even te of fc&day have more interest than those of yesterday. So xoeu are fast giving tip booka for -newspaper*.'' ; /s That thia is true, is beyond ques . tion. Even the child of a few years, just spelling ont the words he can scarcely pronounce, as be pores over . ,-*he advertisements or tho locals of a morning paper, is a living evidence of the universal utility of the news ua?er; for we have ue?er yet seen a . -y family bf children grow np ignorant or uninformed of ourrent events, when the nexespaper was a daily <!'?? visitor at their homo. And when wo say newspaper, we mean emphatically a daily jounjj^ of vmcs. Literary weeklies or moi^hly periodicals, and especially the dfcjority of those pub? lished at tho North, aro no substituto for the newspaper in a family, and, indeed, too frequently are injurious to the formation of correot habits and tastes in literary matters. As the boy grows up to manhood, i he does not lose the desire to peruse the ne wspapers. From mere ourrent local events, he passes on to para? graphs of more importance, which are to bo found in every newspaper in the country-paragraphs briefly stating the merits of new inventions, soientiSo discoveries, what is going on in Europe and other countries, and what progress the world is mak? ing in arte, science and literature. From these, he begins to turn to politics-which, by-the-way, as par? ities, are now manipulated by politi? cians, had better be avoided-and soon begins to form an opinion for himself on the public questions of ' the dayl The daily teachings of his political monitor soon begin to mani fest themselves, and he is a "party" man before he is well aware of it. Although politics is a bad trade to follow, yet it is highly proper that the rising young citizen should have a knowledge of political events, and educate and prepare himself to dis? charge the duties and obligations that will soon devolve upon him. He reaches manhood and enters seriously upon the business of life. He now finds that the information ? . he has garnered-the result, perhaps, of an hour or two's reading every day-is really invaluable to him in almost any avocation or pursuit in life he may select, or into which he * may be compelled to embark by cir? cumstances. The merchant, the me? chanic, the petty tradesman, tho large contractor, the dealer iu small wares-all feel the benefit nf ?heir newspaper reading in the past, and all realize the necessity of keeping posted up in the daily events of the world. The world moves forward npw more in a day than ten cen tu ries ago it moved in ten years, and the people npon it live now longer in a day than Methuselah did, perhaps, in his; long, long life; and in this accelerated progress the newspaper has been tho chief agency-the most important lever, in rolling it onwards. The merchant, tradesman or me ohanio commences business, and the newspaper opens up to a daily cor? respondence with thousands of cue tomers-if he chooses to avail him? self of the opportunity. He may get hundreds of hand-bills printed, and supply himself with reams of circu? lars, but the advantage derived from this mode of making known to his friends what he has on hand to sup ply their wants, most be very limited and frequently is of no use whatever The hand-bill is read and forgotten and the circular probably thrown ' among the pile of waste paper. With the newspaper it is different. Every impression that comes from the press is read, on an average, by fl vc people and that journal must have a limited circulation which does not every morning present his advertisement Wore the eyes of more tuan a thou? sand readers. The farmer has his seed timo and harvest, and the capitalist has his season for investments, and so it is with the merchant and tradesman. Now is the seed-time-heavy and choice stocks of goods are rolling out into our stores, and as "quick sales and small profits" is now the motto of most of our mercantile friends, ihe only true way to realize its bene? fits, is to ativertiso liberally. Every dollar spent in arJvert?Bin'g, is as seed so'.ra in good ground-an investment thatpays a botter par cen tage than any other ventare the merchant makes. Within our own knowledge there aro striking illustrations of this fact; br?t lest it might appear invidious, we forbear to individualize. Such are some of the. uses and benefits of the newspaper; but they are not a tithe of the number we could mention, did our patience, or' that of the reader permit FREE SCHOOLS AT THE SOUTH.-We clip the following paragraph from ons of our Northern exchanges : Tho American Freedmen's Union Commission and its auxiliaries are laboring with enlightened zeal to open tho way for the introduction at the South of the free school system of the North. At the present time they are especially anxious to secure the co-operation of the freed people '< in the support of the schools. A conference of delegates from the va? rious societies was lately held in this city-Judge Bond, of Baltimore, in the chair-to devise a plan for carry? ing thiB objoct into effect. Tho result arrived at is embodied in the follow? ing resolutions: 1. Resolved, That the best interests of the freed peojde require the per? manent establishment of free schools in tho South; that, a? in tho North? ern free school system, tho people should co-operato in their support; and, therefore, that no uow schools should be established, except where co-operation can bc secured. 2. Resolved, That our teachers and agents in the South should organize the people into associations to raise means to aid in the establishment and support of their schools. POLAND.-A correspondent of the Pall Mall Gazette, writing from War? saw, on the 5th instant, says: "An important decision has been arrived at by the authorities here and at St. Petersburg. In order to de? stroy as much as possible all histo? rical recollections among the Poles, it has been determined that Warsaw shall cease to be the capital of Po? land. The kingdom will be divided into two districts, in which the chief scats cf gover??i?uL will be Ivaiisch and Lublin, Warsaw thus being re? duced to the rank of a second-rate provincial town. Arrangements are already being made for the removal of the principal Government officials from Warsaw, and the rents of houses have accordingly fallen considerably. This summary measure is supposed to be partly intended as a defiance to France, which nation, since the Be rezowski affair, has been the subject of constant attacks in the Russian press." EQUAL TO THE PRIMITIVE APOSTLES. Tho Louisville Courier, speaking of a sermon preached in that city by Bishop Pierce, of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, eulogizes it as follows: Tho Methodist Church South in the morning was filled to overflow? ing, ond hundreds went away who could not even get standiug room. Bishop Pierce preached. The primi? tive apostles never preached better. We do not believe it to be iu the power of mortal man to do it. Said an eminent lawyer of this city, and a man of tho world: "I have heard Clay, Prentiss, Marshall and Bascom, but George F. Pierce is the greatest orator of them all." The enthusi? asm was tremendous. The sermon gradually rose in grandeur and power, until it reached a point where the universal outburst of feeling seemed imminent. It was directed to the ministers. Said au old Presiding Elder: "Well, none of the preachers will locate after that, and some of them will refuse to go to their ap? pointments " An eminent member of the conference said: "It has al? ways been hitherto a question with me as to which was the greatest ser? mon I ever heard. It is no longer a matter of doubt; the sermon of to? day settled it." --- MOVEMENTS TO TEST THE AMNESTY. The Washington correspondent of tho New York Tribune says: Positive information has been re? ceived hore, that in Alabama and Virginia, where the lists of registra? tion are being revised, under the Re? construction Act, a number of rebels who have been pardoned by the Pre? sident's reoent amnesty proclamation, have applied to have their names registered. In Alabama the Boards of Registration, by order of Gen. Pope, have refused permission, and n number oi these men in Montgome? ry, Alabama, have taken the matter before che courts, intending to test the constitutionality of the Recon? struction Act. This, of course, opens up the whole matter again, and may cause delay in the elections. It is a curious foot, that news from South America comes now by way of England. Yankee enterprise has not yet established a line of steamers with South America ports, and the British lines bring to London the items whioh are conveyed here by the Atlantic cabio. ?. -i.-., , ..-.... i : Th? Wart -iNl-Cftf Ate?r^?i C? ra from Uenontl N. IS. forrest. To (?ie Editor of the JNete York Times: A correspondent ot tho Times, whose letter was published on the 26th instant, says : "At the time of the capture of Fort Pillow by the rebel General Forrest, and the massacre of its en? tire garrison, General (then Colonel) Lawrence, was in command of F. rt Columbus, a point on tho Mississippi river above Fort Pillow. General Forrest, flashed with his victory and his murders, marched from Fort Pil? low directly on Fort Columbas, noti? fied Colonel Lawrence that the com? mander and garrison of Fqrt Pillow had been massacred, 1:1 foiiucd Inui that he commanded 10,000 troops, and knew that he (Lawrence) had only 1,000, and ordered him to sur? render in one hours' time, or he and his command should share the fate which had been visited on the garri? son at Fort Pillow." I have hitherto bo rae in silence these outrageous assaults upon my character as a mao and a soldier; but a decent regard for my own reputa? tion, and a sense of duty to the brave gentlemen who fought under mo dur? ing the late war, will not permit me to remain silent any longer. I must, therefore, ask you to be pleased to allow me to say through the columns of the Times, that tho charges made against me by your correspondent are utterly false, and that their falsi? ty can be easily demonstrated by proof, which is within easy reach. Tho official report of the United States officer commanding at Fort Pillow, and the testimony reported by the Congressional Investigating Committee, of which vice-President Wade was chairman, show that the garrisou consisted of only about 580 officers and men. Other proofs, which I can produce at any time, show that I captured, nnd can ac? count for, more than 300 of these sixty-five of them, who were badly wounded, having been delivered by mo to the officer commanding n United States gun-boat in tho vicinity of the fort, and about 250 (an official descriptive list of whom is now in this city, in the possession of General Thomas Jordan,) having been turned over by me to General Polk, at De mopolis, Alabama. Of these cap? tured men, ninety were negro soldiers. Nor were the rest, nf the garrison al] killed; for many of them effected their escape, while others we? drowned in the attempt. It wil thus be seen that the proportion oj killed was not greater than is usua in the case of so severe a fight, ac companied by a desperate assault auc defence. These facts are koowa to tho Go verameut of the United States, anc acquit me, not only in the opinion o the Presideot, Mr. .Stanton, nn< Judge Holt, bat ia that of Congress of any violatioa of the rules of civil i zed warfare. Otherwise, I woul< have been long ago arrested and t rici upon that charge. For my own part conscious of my innocence, and know ing perfectly well that I havo alway waged war with tho strictest regan to the usages of civilized nations, have never shunned any investigr tion to which the Executive or Coe gress might subject my military cou duct. As to the absurd charge that marched agaiust Columbus with 10 000 men and demaaded its surrendei with the threat that I would, ia th oveut of refusal, "massacre" its ga: risen, I have only to say that I uev< was, during ?the war, withiu fort miles of Columbus, after its evacui tioa by the Confederates in 18G2; an that the ouly troops which approacl ed it at the time referred to, was scouting party of less thau 100 mei and that the official report of Gener Lawrence himself utterly disprovi your correspondeot's statements. N. B. FORREST. Caora IN THE PEE DEE SECTION. A correspondent of the Charlestc News writes: "It is difficult to give a rehab opiuioa as to the crops ia tho P( Deo country. So far as my observ tions extend, the corn crop appea to be poor. There was not mut plauted, as compared with the cn before the war, and the cultivate has been slovenly. The grain ero although better thau last year, w not bo suflicieot for tho country, ar largo supplies will be required fro abroad. The cotton crop is uadout edly better ia the Pee Dee count than it was last year, bnt it will n turn ont what it promised some wee ago. There hos beon too much ra for cotton all through the season, ai the rust is now blasting the pla rapidly. This orop will stand b treatment and disasters better thi any other gro-jrp st the South; b this year very late planting, hen rains daring the entire season, ai very imperfect onlture, will undoul edly cut this production down mu below general expectation. The impressions, derived principally frc observation, are confirmed by t planters in the country." A Scotch paper says' that recent] at Lochearnhead, Mr. Plumb, American gentleman and three 00: Eanions, killed 900 trout in about t oura-more than one every thi minutes to each rod, and a total 225 fish to eaoh of the four anglers CHEAP GAB AT LABT.-Messrs. Smith. & McGowan, patentees, have joBt received a patent for the manu? facture of gas. This invention con? sists in tho manufacture of gas from coal and coal tar, every parti?le of tar being converted into gas. By the ordinary process of gos manufacture, large quantities of coal tar is made, which ia sold for. a trifle, or suffered to run off around the gas-works. This invention is to demonstrate that coat tar is the very essence of the coal, containing more gas than is nov made from the coal itself. In fact, by this invention coal is used more for the making of tar than for mak? ing gas, as no coal would be required, if coal tar could be obtained in suffi? cient, quantities. For instance, in gas-works of a hundred retorts, they are each filled say with three bushels of coal every four boura; whereas by this new process, these same retorts would only require filling with coal once iu every twenty-four hours, the coal tar which is made being suffi? cient to supply the requisite umonnt of illuminating material. These gen? tlemen claim that by improvement, a superior quality of gas cnn be made ut twenty-five per cent, of the present cost.- Washington Republican. HYDRAULIC STEAMERS.-Tho hy? draulic propeller steamship has had auothcr triul at Stokes' Bay, Eng? land, with two Admiralty screw ves? sels pitted ""jainst her. The Loudon Tunes devotes nearly three columns to the subject, giving a very minute report of the trial, from which it ap? pears that in six runs over the mea? sured mil?, the gun-beat Water Witch (hydraulic) obtained an average speed of 9,223 knots with forty-one revolu? tions of the turbine, against nn aver? age of 9,267 by the screw boats, with 107.25 revolutions of the starboard engines, and 108.2G of the port en? gines. The Times says the hydraulic machinery "worked perfectly and noiselessly," without "even so much as a warm bearing from the time of its erection" in the hold of the Water Witch. The Admiralty hos ordered two other vessels fitted with the hy? draulic propeller, to more fully test its powers. A SHEP SAVED AT SEA BY PUMPING OIL OVERBOARD.-The marine tradi? tion that vessels can be saved in a Btorm at sea by pouring oil upon the v.aler, has lately been verified-if the tale is true-in the wonderful in? stance of a vessel loaded with oil and blubber, and voyaging from St. John's, Newfoundland, to Bristol, England. According to the story, in a terrible storm the vessel was thrown on her beam ends, tho sea ran high, when Bomo ono suggested the oil remedy, anda hogshead was broached and pumped overboard. "Tho ef? fect," says the narrative, "was mar? vellous; around the ship the sea ap? peared as though there was a calm, and, in spite of a tremendous gale; tho sea never broke on board for the eight days the vessel lay to." [New York World. EXPENSIVE LITIGATION AND EXTEN? SIVE EVIDENCE.-The New York courts bid fair to rival the Chancery suits of England. We have seen tho formidable octavos of testimony which grew out of tho controversy of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company and the Pennsylvania Coal Company, which has been going on for a decado and more; and we no? tice that the famous lierden-Spike case, which has been in litigation for sixteen years, was up before Justice Nelson, at Cooperstown, a few days since, the testimony in which is com? prised in nine volumes, accompanied by a volume of briefs. Had the parties compromised, they would have saved lawyers' fees, court ex? penses and vexation of temper that has, doubtless, shortened life. The church at Saint-Pe-Saint-Si mon, France, hos been devastated by lightning. Tho electric fluid struck tho clock tower, and, although, leav? ing the bell hanging, rent the founda? tion; descending into the church it toro up the flooring, destroyed the windows and several paintings, flat? tened a tin vessel on the high altar, and drove in the door of the taberna? cle, thence it went to a side altar and mutilated a figure of tho Virgin. The edifice hos been so much injured os to be no longer fit for divine worship. Little Alice found out an ingenious way of getting to bed in a hurry. The crib in which she slept was so low that, by placing one foot on the inside, and taking hold of the post, she could easily spring in. "Mamma," said she to her mother one evening, "Do you know how I get to bed quick?" "No," was the reply. "Well," said she. in great, glee, "I step ono foot over the crib, then I say 'rats,' and scare myself right in." _ WHIRLIGIG.-Just before the war, Mr. Stanton called the "late lament? ed" a gorilla. "Why," oried he, "need we send to Africa for the go rP't, when we (referring to the ar? rival of Mr. Lincoln) have one in our midst?" In 1839, Mr. Forney styled Thad? deus Stevens a "villain at heart." Now, Mr. Stanton alludes to Lin? coln as the "sainted martyr," and Forney calls Stevens n pure- and matchless statesman. ' 'MABTBB.'*-Some colored folks ob? ject to using tbis word, thinking, no doubt, that it means slavery. The great diotiohary-maker, Webster, thus defines the word:.. "Master"-A.' man who rules, governs or directs either men or business. A man who own slaves is their master; he who has servants is their master; be who has apprentices is their master, or he who has the government and direc? tion of them. The man who super? intends and directs any business, is master or master workman. 'Nations that want protectors will have mas? ters,'" and so on. It is again asserted by a cable despatch that the Japanese are cruel? ly persecuting the nutiye Christians. Since the re-establishment of a friend? ly intercourse between Japan and the Christian countries, the opiuion has gained ground that there still arj in the country many thousands of Christian descendants of the martyrs who perished for their faith in the sixteenth century. The Governments of the Christian nations will, of course, not fail to intercede in behalf of the sufferer r-??? The latest sensation at Barnum's Museum is a live gorilla, captured in tho wilds ol' Africa, five feet and a half high, and costing 88,000. Tho gorilla displayed its great muscular strength by bending double a huge wrought iron bur an inch and three quarters thick. It has a face and eyes like a human being, and its hand is ns delicate as that of a wo man. This is the only specimen of the gorilla now on exhibition in this country. Haloxlin is the uame of a new species of blasting powder, which rather cleaves than crushes, a valua? ble property if used in coal mines. It will neither ignito spontaneously, nor by friction, nor by percussion, and its explosion gives rise neither to deleterious gases nor smoke. It is twice as bulky as gunpowder, but it is one-half more powerful, and is composed of sawdust nine parts, char? coal three to five parts, and nitre forty-five parts. GOOD.-''According to Milton, Eve kept silent in Eden to hear her hus? band talk," said a gentleman to a lady friend, and then added, in a melancholy tone: "Alas! there have been no Eves since." "Because there have been no hus? bands worth listening to," was the quick retort. ? ^ ? ? DEATH OP MK. ROBERT MOBBISON. This aged and respectable citizen of our town died yesterday morning, at 8 o'clock. He had lived out his three-score years and ten, but for twelve months past he had been a victim of suffering, having all that time been confined to his bed. [ Winnsboro News. The drought iu Ohio stills prevails, to the great injury of tho corn and potato crops. Farmers are selling their stock ; water is very scarce, and, in many cases, the cattle have to be driven a great distance for water. Farmers are not feeding hogs for tho winter markets to any extent, and no contracts aro being made but those for early delivery. Women have a much nicer sense of the beautiful than men. They are, by far, the safer umpires in tho matters of propriety and grace. A mere school-girl will be thinking and writing about the beauty of birds and flowers, while her brother is rob? bing the nests aud destroying the flowers. Tho French Government, says the Liberte, has just ordered 800,000 waist belts, each having attached to it a small medicine box. The latter will contain whatever is necessary to give, in a rough way, a first dressing to a wound, or to stop dysentery. The whole will cost about 1,500,000 francs. Let no gen t lema ti ever quarrel with a woman. If you are in trouble with her, retreat. If she abuses you, be silent. If abo tears your cloak off, give her your coat. If she box your ears, bow. If she tear your eyes out, feel your way to the door-but fly. Some new phrase for what is im? possible must bo substituted for "catching a whitoblackbird." Such an anomaly has actually been caught and caged in Cecil County, Mary? land. A colored man, named Cisco, has been fined $10 by the recorder of Hudson City, N. J., for swearing on the Sabbath, and a German named Sherbert fined $1 for working in hie garden on tho p??me day. A writer in tho pious New York Independent suggests a pious method of getting rid of the President. He says: "Let him be tried by a court martial, and shot by twelve soldiers in a hollow square." A man in Connecticut has cleared his honse of rats by catching one and dipping him in red paint. Ho ihen let him loose, and the other rats left, disgusted by his appearance. The yellow fever has visited twenty towns in tho lower portion of the S tat o of Texas. Some of these places were never known to have a case of tho disease before. ??/,>'- ."'.'.? V'- / ;> - , '.' . . , Attention ia invited to the card of Captain Garden, formerly of the "Palmotto Battery." He bas estab? lished himself in Fauquier County, Va., and, iu addition to the practice of law, bas opened a land agency office. . . -.. ^ - ?--?.-t - The rapid approach of cold weather is heralded by the appearance of porkish preparations in our market At Stall No. 8, Mr. Brill has excellent Bologna and country sausages, head? cheese, liver pudding, etc. Give them a trial. Dan. Castello's mammoth circus and menagerie, will be exhibited this afternoon, on Levy's lot, corser of Plain and Gates streets. The pro? cession will pass through the princi? pal streets about 12 o'clock, we sup? pose. If there is any reliance to be placed in show-bills-and some par? ties set great store by them-Dam's exhibition is on the tip-top order. But ns we have on several occasions published favorable notices of it, we will without any further commenda? tion, Icavs'it to its merits. It has been suggested by a friend and we approve of the suggestion that the afternoon's circus perform? ance bo postponed to a later honr than that mentioned in the posters, so as to allow those persons who wish to see the menagerie exclusively, ample opportunity of so doing. AN EDUCATIONAL HINT.-As the most of our schools will be re-opened during this and next week, we note a hint that should not be lost on teach? ers and parents. Ia a recent speech on education, delivered by Sir John Browning, before the British Asso? ciation, he urged that greater atten? tion should be paid at the publie schools to reading, writing and arith? metic. He stated thal when he was Governor of Hung Kong, a highly, connected young gentleman was sent out to him for public employ mont, bringing recommendations from very influential quarters. A report having shortly afterward readied him of the gentleman's ignorance, he sent for him and examined him as to his pro? ficiency in spelling. ' When required to spell the word candle, the highly connected young gentleman spelled it "kandell." AN OWNER FOR STOLEN PROPERTY WANTED.-A friend, says the South era Opinion, writes us from Shawnee, Johnson County, Kansas, asking in? formation of a family named Bad cliff, who, during the ww, resided in or near Columbas, North Carolina. The writer says a Yankee soldier in Shawnee, who was with Sherman injpj his raid through the South, has in his possession a captured ring, and claims to have bought the jewel from the man who first captured it. The ring is described as a very valuable family relic, apparently of gold, largo and heavy, intended for a gen? tleman's fore-finger. On the inside is engraved, "Mrs. Eliz. Radcliff, died 21st February, 1800, aged 78 years and G months." On the out* side, set in gold, is a lock of hair, under glass plate, tho whole sur? rounded by a circle of pearls. The gentleman who seeks this informa? tion and communicates these facts, promises, upon receipt of the certi? ficate of ownership, to purchase the ring from its present possessor, and forward it to the family, upon the single condition that the receiver shall pay express charges, he gener? ously contributing the cost in aiding the restoration of the jewel into the rightful bauds. Any person having knowledge of the family inquired after, will please communicate with the editor of the Opinion, who holds the address of the writer of the letter referred to. It may be that Columbia, South Caro? lina, is meant. Read Udol. >ho Wolfe's advertise? ments rn to-dpy's paper. Nvsw ADVEKTIS?MBSTS.-Attention is call? ed :o the following advertisements, which a ?? published this morning for the first tune: Hugh R. Garden- Real Estate Agent. Thos. E. Gregg-Dissolution. J. H. McMahon-Notice. J. A T. B. Agnew-White Lead, Ac. Edward Sill-Removal of Office, Apply at This Omeo-For Bale. O. F. JACKSON is receiving goods regu? larly every week. They are well ^clectod and sold at low rates. Call and seri them. No house soils goods choapcr than fcc does.