Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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COLUMBIA Thursday Morning, May 9, 186T K*w Hyateiu of Labor. We observe in severul of our South? ern exchanges nu nrticlo stating that several plantera in Hinds and Madi? son ' Counties, Mississippi, behove that they have discovered the most desirable mode of making Southern labor, at present, profitable; and as all information on this subject must bo of interest to our renders, we will briefly sketch thu system, so that thoso who aro desirous of making tho experiment may do so. These Mississippi planters do not believe that working large gangs of hands, with one or two to watch them, is the best way with free blacks. They do not believe in having a "negro quarter," nor do they pretend to undertake the raising of meat for their bands. They fence out th?ir wood-lands, and then place tho blacks in cabins several hundred yards apart, ?ind on the borders of the wood? lands. To each family of blacks, they assigu such nu amount of land as they can cultivate, well, and lonu to ..?neb three laborers, two mules and other useful and necessary articles. The blacks grow corn, cotton or other products, and half the crops, after deducting tho supplies furnished, is given to the producers. Living on the bonier of the wood-land, each family of blacks, without trouble, raises its own pigs, which fatten on the mast in the woods. This is one of tho most advantageous working! of tho system, for where thero ba.? been a gang of sixty hands, the sup? plying of meat has been a grenl trouble. Heretofore, as all planters know, ono of the greatest annoyances o plantation life has been the difficult; of getting tho blacks to take care e the plantation stock;but as this stats ment says, when each family of black: looks after its own stock, this difficnl ty is surmounted. Again, in over gang of one hnnnrcd hands, thero ii certain to be at least fifteen lazy ones and in the field, ordinarily, the who! gang is content with tho pace of thesi fifteen. When a family has its owi allotment, and is to profit by th amount of the crop, the head of th family is pretty certain to keep th others well up with the work-encl working family having its home a Rome distance from others, so tba pilfering, which has always been s< prevalent in and about the old-fn Hhioned negro quarters, is prett; much done away. Such is a brief outline of the nei system, and its friends are sanguin that its general adoption wonld giv to the South such an organization c tabor as it needs-will tend to stimu lato production; will advance tb physicial, social and moral conditio of the negro; will harmonize the ir terest of employer and employee, au cause the Southern States to blossor with prosperity. Its advocates claix that it is infinitely better than effort to import foreigners, and to lear them to cultivate cotton and to hni monize their modes of working wit those only familiar with slave labo: We are not sufficiently familiar wit agricultural management to exprei an opinion, but bring tho "now sy tem" to the attention of our farm in friends, that they may consider tl matter. Pounce IN WASHINGTON.-It nj pears that tho statement publish! by Northern correspondents in r gard to white aud black voters : Washiugton is not correct. Tl excess of white voters over tho black as shown by the books, is (177. The ure, in tho several wards of the cit '2,500 white voters unregistered, wi were debarred from registrntio owing to the rush of blacks to tl places of registration. The judg of registration have "closed tl books," and have refused to ie-opi them, but certain parties have tak out a writ of mandamus to comr them to, and tho caso will come i this week in the court of Uwe. T radicals are very vehement in MM opposition^ to tho re-opening of tl registration books, and have ei ployed counsel to keep them close Tho political cauldron is very turb lent at this time, from four to s meetings being held every night the different wards of the city. Ho parties aro confident of victory. Wisconsin, after settling all li war claims, finds flint sim owes t Government ?100,000 i. -- _-??AAaA- lljjjjgnjjg I . Rattier Costly. j Thc tariff and high taxation policy of New England ia rather costly to i the country, a? shown by a paragraph in the Kew York Evening Post, n journal which occupies a high posi? tion in commercial circles. Thc Post nays that HO loug aa tariff duties are levied on 0,000 different articles, so long the Government will have to keep i u\y a costly standing army of coast guardsmen to keep ont smugglers; so longos internal duties ou 10,000 differ? ent articles, so long the Government must keep up a costly standing army of spies, informers, searchers and other agents. All these officers live well, havo large salaries, and grow rich off tho savings of the people, who are obliged to pay taxes on 10,000 different articles, under a stupid, wasteful mid oppressive sys? tem of taxation, which Congress ought at once to abolish in favor of a sensible system. But, if we mistake not, the Post aided in the establishment of the "Congressional" Government with which the couutry is now afflicted. Mr. Calhoun once said that there were 100,000 office-holders of the Government who lived upon spoils, and whoso influence controlled the elections. How fearfully increased has this class become since his day! The truth is, that the country is fast driving upon thc breakers of bank? ruptcy, unless some hand is put forth to save-some re-action in the politi j cal sentiment of the people, who j uow solely control the destinies of the couutry. We have no doubt but that there aro nearly half a million of officers engaged in tho collection of tariff and internal revenue, in ono way or other, whose support must ! come out of the honest earnings of the industrious of our people. Such a state of things cannot last long. - Wliut the So,un May Ur. There is not much iu the Woshiug ton Chronicle that Southern editors care to reproduce; but tho following extract from one of its articles, as to what the now excluded ten Southern States may become, contains much truth. It is worthy of perusal by our people, us it gives them good ground for hope and encouragement, if they can ever be in a situation to develop their resources: Omeo admitted into tho halls of Congress, they will hold, and that very shortly, not the balance, but the weight of power. Tho lato insurrec? tionary districts, as wo have grown accustomed to call them, aro entitled, at a rough estimate, to some eighty or ninety Representatives and some twenty Senators. A few years, and this estimate will be doubled or quad? rupled. With free labor and free schools, the South will leap forward as uo section of this country over did before. Sho is ripe for development. It is not with her as with a new and unpopulated couutry. All tho condi? tions of rapid and thorough develop? ment are nt hand. Her great cities aro already located; her great lines of travel are already stretched out; her forests are broken ; ber streams known and navigated; her soils tested; bei mineral treasures tapped. Through? out her territory, courts are open, the machinery of local and municipal Government is in working order, and well understood," aud schools and chnrchos are sprinkled from border to border. There aro no wild and hostile savages to exterminate; nc impassable mountains to bo hewu through; uo malaria or deadly fevers to bo conquered by the slow ap j proaches of a gradual civilization. I All these great obstacles which face tho pioneers of n new country, and make the march of civilization like I the march of an army, whoso fore j most columns, no matter iiow dorine j or fearless, must melt away, have I been overcome. Tho magnificent, I luxuriant South, bursting with uude I veloped-perhaps, undreamed of I wealth, stands, to-day, reatly am waiting to be entered in and pos 8essed. Like seed sown in gooi grouud, will turn out all iuvestmenb made within her fertile and willin' bounds. She must be, for thc nex decade, the commercial and financia El Dorado of our land. Other things being equal, BIIO wi) outstrip the far and unknown West simply because sho is known nm within reach. Men will not care t< settle nt the spniS of the Rock] Mountains and on tho bouudles plains, where, at best, they could onb hope to leave to their children th) I advantages they may themselves a I once enjoy in fullness in the Soutl of to-day. ! - ???? Dr. Cumming, whose prophecies a j tho end of tho world have severn 1 times failed, has ventured upon j new prophecy, fie now locates hi ? "milleninm" between the autumna equinox of 1807 and the same perioi of 1808. The time, according to th Doctor, is quito short, but his follow er?, no doubt, bolievo him as impli 1 eitly now as they have ?lone on pw i viona occasions. ?_-''*" - " - jdj OOT. ferry'* Poalilou.-Public Be ntl ment. Our views iu relutiou to tho polioy advocated by Hon. B. F. Perry ap? peal- to be those generally of the press and people of the State. We present below a few extracts, show? ing the prevalent tone and temper in relation to the reconstruction Acts, and our duty under them. Rev. James P. Boyce, niter review? ing the situation, says: "Thus it appears to me, that either by supino indifference, or by oppos? ing tho holding of a convention, wo will bring upon tho whites of this State an entire loss of that amount of political power which is still left to thom. Following upon thiB will come, not confiscation from Congress, but taxation from a radical State Legislature, which will bo utterly merciless; and until this comes, a despotism must bc endured, such as our race has never submitted to for nearly two hundred years-ono which even leaves tho life of every one of us-the most innocent aud virtuous -at the will of two irresponsible meu. Looking at the matter calmly aud dispassionately, I am sure that wo are at a most critical point of affairs. If we act not wisely, all is lost. My advice to all who ask it is, to register as soon as possible-to wait until tho registration is effected and the election ordered, before pledging yourselves to any candi? dates-and thou to select V>? best men you can, and by voting 'con? vention' on the ticket, require them to meet and save us, if possible, from our present evils. If we act thus, I am satisfied we havo nothing to fear from votes or other action of tho colored peoplo among xis, for I am sn re that they feel kindly towards all who - ;ll deal with them justly and fairly and nono others should be sent to tho convention." The Caroliua Spartan, in remark? ing on (lov. Perry's letter, says: "lt is our impression that carrying these military Acts into court has enlarged and complicated the field of controversy, and tho great question of Southern deliverance is postponed. God only knows how long. We can? not live forever, and under all cir? cumstances, on our dignity and honor, aud os for liberty and State rights, wo have none. T he people of tho Sooth are looking to restoration and harmony on the terms now offered by those who have our politi? cal destiny in their hands; nud the people are not prepared at this time to press their moral or personal claims to distinction. What we want is to get back into tho Union on terms of equality, as soon as possible. It is generally conceded that Congress alone has tho power to admit or reject ? our claims. They have offered terms or conditions, by the adoption of which, on our part, declare that the seceded States shall be restored. It is our opinion that we can gain no? thing by delay. Everybody will think and act for themselves. For our part, we think it would be best for the country to receive and carry out, in good faith, tho provisions of thc Acts of Congress." Tho Bennettsville Eastern Journal, in publishing fio fern or Perry's first letter, says: "Congress luis now submitted a plan by which tho States can bo re? stored to their constitutional rela? tions with tho Government. This plan cnn either he accepted by the South, or it will bo pressed upon her people. There is no alternativo left us but to ubidc by the decision of thc legislative branch of tho Govern? ment, and carry out in good faith the provisions of the military bill. We think, therefore, Governor Perry is mistaken in his judgment to vote for no convention. If we do not call a convention, it will be called bj others. We should not evenly, anti throw no obstado in tho way of tin reconstruction of tho Union. W< think it is our only salvation, and, therefore, feel constrained to express our direct opposition to the views o: Governor Perry." A correspondent writing frorr Aiken to the Augusta Press says: "There is no humiliation-no de gradation-in submission, when sub mission is unavoidable. If terms an harsh and unjust, they re-act ulti mately upon those who impose then upon tho weak and helpless. Resto ration will briiig back prosperity to i suffering pcopio. It is thc life-bloot which alone can quicken and re-ani mate our drooping energies. I be lievo if wo act promptly, and with i just and humane feeling toward tim part of our population lately investee with political rights, we will bo abl to defeat the objects of those win may havo imposed these measure: for their own benefit-and thus bea thom with their own weapons." Tho editor of the Orangeburg Care lt nu Times, speaking of the situation expresses his opinion on inaction n follows ; "They (tho radicals) commeua suit against us; we mako no appeal ance; they get jndgmeut by defauli of course, and before long they wi] issue execution. We seo no hope of a political stay law. By makin our appearance, we have un opportu uity to secare a hearing; we 'go t tho country,' and wo cannot belie* that tho verdict will be against m If tho ease is allowed to take it ooiirsn, the costs will accumulate-w gggj 11 iTTi Yr ?jjgg rS? chal? havo a larger debt to pay in the end, interest w?l grow, and wo shall never be oblo to satisfy the judg? ment. Fight it in time, we say, and we can probably avoid thc judgment. Bit with our hands iu our pockets, and the day of graco is post." ? * ? ? A Wom> TO RAILROADS.-Penny postage largely increased the rove nue, and the same policy applied to railroads works well. Two lines be? tween Bostou and fortland are now engaged in a competition as to which can carry passengers at tho cheapest rates. They have reduced their fares to some points to less tl mu half what was charged before tho war, aud euch is making every effort to induce pas? sengers to prefer one route over the other. The couscquonce is, that the number of passengers have trebled on both roads, and they aro making more money than ever before. Can't our railway companies take a lesson from the experience of their Eastern rivals? -,, ?.?.-- - THE NEWSPAPER.-Daniel Webster was right when he remarked of tho press: "Small is tho sum required tx) patronize u newspaper; amply rewarded its patron, I care not how humble and unpretending the ga? zette he takes. It is next to impossi? ble to lill a printed sheet without putting into it something thnt is worth thc subscription price." . ..... ? ^ ? > A BOY'S FIRST COMPOSITION.-An exchange givos the following as a genuine production, just us it came from tho pen of a juvenile, it being his first composition. Thc subject "Oxeu:" "Oxen is a very slow auimal, they are good to brake ground np. I would drather have horses if they didut have kollick, which they say is wind collected in a bunch, which makes it dangerer for to keep horses the people would have to wheal tharc wood on a wheal-barrow, it would take to or three days to wheal a cord a milo. Cows is useful to. I havo heard some say that if they brui to be tother or an ox they wood be a cow. But I think when it cum to have their tits pulled of a moruin thay wood wish thay wnsnt, for oxen don't gene? rally have to raise caves, if i had ta be enny i wood rather bo a heffur. But if i coodent he a heffur and bed to be both i wood be an ox." "Josh Billings," Artemus Ward, and a host of other professional, paid humorists, hardly ever beat this in genuine humor. ---. - A LITERARY JounNAn.-The (ileana is a largo eight, page quarto journal, and from the first line on the first column of the first pago to the last line on the forty-eighth column, i abounds with select matter; em bracing, besides the news of tin week, choice tales, sketches nm poetry, which make it, as its nairn indicates, a true "home companion,' which no family in thc Stato shouh be without. --?,? ?. THE NORYHKBN DEMOCRACY.-Thc Mobile Advertiser and Register says A distinguished conservative in the North-west writes thus in a privat letter: "Do you not remember 1 told you that tho Democrats of tin North were in earnest? Wo havi great gains. The ice is broken-th land will be saved. "Don't discourage us-don't le Northern Democrats be abused-di not suffer radicalism to bo endorsot -endure, but do not endorse, and al will be well soon. I tell yon pine1 is at a premium now." MISSISSIPPI.-Our advices frot Mississippi are encouraging. A ger tlemnn writes us that tho planters c Amito County have finished planting It says: "ORO very encouraging fae is, that our farmers aro putting greater part of their lauds' lu cori potatoes, peas, etc. We liko to se this policy adopted. Better to hav plenty of food without money, tba plenty of money aud no food, pa: tieuhirly when all of your ncighboi aro in tho same fix." -. FIRE.-The fine new dwelling hom near our town, owned by Capt. A. . Daniel, was entirely consumed, aboi 4 o'clock on Sunday morning las This was a very fine house, contaii ing eight rooms. It was not occi pied, consequeutly no clue to tl origin of the fire has been discovers but it is supposed to be the work i an incendiary. Wo aro iuforme that the house was insured for $2,00 [Carolina Spartan, Another fiendish child-murdor h: come to light iu Canada. Alexand Lachance is under arrest at St. F rool, near Quebec, for causing tl death of his dumb and crippled chil The evidence before the coron proves that, iu addition to beatii the mother for giving tho child foo tho inhuman father used to keep tl cripple in a box under the beti, iu noisome, dark platte, without drii or nourishment mrrrrr" ?r~ ? ~ ? m-f ri -- Xjooal Item?. Tho farewell eoucert of Mr. and Miss Fei ni ii ger comes off this even? ing, iu Janney's Hall. Lot them bavo a full house, os they well deserve it. CORN FOB THE Poon.-Corn for tho poor will bo distributed to-day, from 9 uutil 2 o'clock. Apply to Rev. William Martin. It is feared that tho recent cold snap will materially injure the early vegetables, and somu parties think cotton will be affected. LEG Ali.-Tho Court of Appeals, having heard or otherwiso disposed of all causes upon tho docket, will meet to-day, at 1 o'clock p. m., and announce its opinions. POST OFFICE HOURS.-Tho office is open from 8 a. m. until p. m., and from f> uutil 7 p. m. Tho North? ern mail closes at 3,'., p. m., and all other mails close at 8 p. in. The Phoenix is improving, and by to-morrow, wo hope, will be through with tho yellow jaundice, with which it has been afflicted for several days. In other words, our supply of white paper (which accidentally run out) will be received, and the bird will be as white as ever. IMPORTANT SHIT.-We learn that a bill has been filed by certain of the first mortgage bond-holders against the Greenville and Columbia Rail? road Company, to foreclose the mort? gage and sell the road. Upon an ex partt? hearing, un order was issued calling on tho holders of this class of bonds, and requiring them to partici? pate in the suit; and publication was made in this paper accordingly. Upon a reconsideration of the mo? tion, on Tuesday last, tho order was rescinded by his Honor Chancellor Carroll, and tho advertisement has been withdrawn. The bill is filed by Hon. W. F. DeSnussure; and the Ruilroud Company is represented by Messrs. Arthur, Melton & Melton. Inasmuch as we learn that the suit , if successful, will result in the de? struction of the road, and thoseriouf embarrassment of a large portion ol the State, wo earnestly regret that any of tho bond-holders have deemed it necessary to their interest to urg? their claims, especially when oui affairs are otherwise so utterly de pressed. SHOW POSTERS, HANDMJ-,LS, Atc Our supply of type and facilities o press-work enable us to turn ont fron the Phoenix office the most attractivi styles of posters, hand-bills, ie., a short notice, aud in thc most satis factory manner. THE GAZETTE.-We have receive*: the first number of this new journal published in Charleston, by Messrs Caulfield A Ford. It is designed t* represent the interests and sympa thies of the Irish citizens, and com bines all tho qualities of a first-clas journal, containing sixty columns o excellent matter. Dublin, Paris am Canada correspondence, and a pug of Irish news, are features of ospeoia interest. While not professing to b an orgau of any creed or party, i recognizes the jurisdiction of th Catholic Church, and will be con ducted with becoming reference t the will and interests of the church. Jon PRINTING.-Tho Job Office o tho Phoenix is ivs complete as any i? tho South. It is furnished with nc\ fonts of type of all descriptions an of the most modern styles. All wor executed promptly, with taste an skill, and at reasonable rates. CIRCULARS! CJRPVIVAUH!-Commei cinl and other oirculars, in thevarioti forms-note, letter and commercii post--neatly printed in our Jo Office, and all work of this desert] tion fiuiskedin the best style of prin ing, and nt moderate pri?es. SUPPORT YOUR OWN JOURNALS. Tho Gleaner, issued every Wednei day, from this office, defies compel tion ns a literary and news jourun Thoso who subscribe to it aro ke? well posted up in tho current ovenl of the day, as it embraces tho tel* graphic nows, political, commercial state of the markets, Ac, up to tli hour of going to press. A HOME JOURNAL.-The best famil journal now published in tho Sout is the Glenne.. issued fro?*? th ja offic< It contains weekly ejght pages ? solid reading matter, excluding a< vertisement? entirely. A speoiuK number will be sent to any one d siring to subscribe. ?Tli-I i ._1J~_ _ CUABIX?TTE AND SOUTH CAROLINA RAILROAD.-Thc nnuunl meeting of thc stockholders of this company was held yesterday, at Nickurson's Hotel. James Hemphill, Esq., of Chester, was appointed Chairman, and Messrs. Manson and Neely, .Secretaries. Over 9,000 abaren of the stock of the com? pany were represented. Tho committee to whom was re? ferred the reports of the President, Superintendent and Treasurer re? ported that they had examined the same, and recommend the adoption of the following resolutions, whirl? were concurred in: Resolved, That the Board of Di? rectors of this company are hereby constituted a committee, with full power to negotiate, with thc Atlantic, Tennessee aud Ohio Railroad Com? pany in regard to the consolidation of that corporation with the Char? lotte and South Carolina Railroad Company, and that thc result of their negotiations be reported to a special meeting of the stockholders of tho Charlotte and South Carolina Rail? road Company, to bo called by the President and Directors of said com? pany. Resolved, That the stockholders of the Charlotte and South Carolina Railroad do hereby authorize the direction of the said company, if in their judgment it be advisable, by resolution to direct tho President of the company to endorse the guaranty of the company on tho tirst mortgage bonds of the Columbia and Augusta Railroad Company, to nu amount not exceeding $000,000. The following is a list of the Di? rectors elected : Wm. Johnston, A. l?. Davidson, John A. Young, W. H. Neal, A. B. Springs, C. D. Melton, John J. Mc? Lure, (rice John Caldwell, declined renomination,) W. R. Robertson, E. O. Palmer, TJ. D. Childs, (rice James Y. INI ills, declined renomination,) John Fisher, A. Iv. Taylor. At a subsequent meeting of the Board of Directors, Wm. Johnston, Esq., was uuauiuionsly re-elected President. THE LADIES OF KENTUCKY -THE MASONS.-The ladies, Masons and other benevolent societies of Louis? ville, Kentucky, as we have had fre? quently occasion to * notice in our paper, have been unremitting in then work of benevolence towards the suf? fering people of the South. Georgia and Alabama have been large reci? pients of the products of their chari? table efforts, and we now have to chronicle another instance or two of tho good work, which, as they con? cern our home people, will be read with interest. Tho following letter to John McKen? zie, Esq., Worshipful Master of Rich? land Lodge No. 39, A. P. M., ex? plains itself : LOUISVILLE, KY., April 15, 18(57. John McKenzie, Columbia, S. C. DEAK SIR AND BROTHER: I have forwarded to New York $101.25-100, to be invested in pork, whioh will bo sent to your address, and which you will please see distributed among the needy. This donut ion comes from the ladies of Murray, Galloway County, Ky., and I am ouly honored as acting as their agent. It was the request of tho Indies (God bless them!) that the Masons should cont ml their small but generous donation, as they believed that, through such a channel, it would reach the needy. When received, advise and give credit as above. Fra? ternally and truly, ALEXANDER EVANS. A second letter from Mr. Evans to Mr. McKenzie, dated 2d inst., says: "Enclosed you will find check for $43, to be applied by your lodge for the benefit of the worthy needy Ma? sons in your immediate vicinity, dis? trict or jurisdiction, or to widows and orphans, as your lodge may direct." Wo take pleasure in recording such noble instances of good will and sym? pathy towards the suffering people of our section. The above donations, we can assure the generous contri? butors, will bo faithfully applied ip accordance with their desire. CARDS I CARDS!-Show cards, busi? ness cards, visitiug amt wedding cards, executed at the Phanti.V Joh Office, in tho naatost styles of the art. Cards of all sizes constantly on hand, and all orders from town or country promptly attended to. NEW AMY it ?.TIS HM KM TH, - Attention m cull ed to the following advertisement*!, whirl aro published thia morning foi the li rsl time I). C. Pei ??otto-Cheap Qoshon Butter. Burr A Lee.-Photographs, Ac. Janney's Hall-Concert. Jacob Levin- -To Oas Consumers. S. P. Jocelyn- Proposals for Wo.id. UcCartor's bookstore Cane Lost. E. A G. D. Hope-Flour, Sugar, Ac. Arthur, Melton A Melton -House to Kent McCaughrin A Hood-Dissolutjpn. -f*?)r-k - . - Tho rush and excitement over the giam clearing sales of Mr. lt. C. Shiver, on Mon day last, induces him to explain that tin stock is very large, and all will he ahle ti yet nome of the bargains being ?old.