Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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DAILY Daily Paper $8 a Year PH (EUX 'Let our Just Censure Attend the True Event.' Tri-Weekly $5 a Year BY JULIAN A. SELBY. COLUMBIA, S. C., TUESDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 2. 1866. VOLUME II-NO. 16^ THE PHOENIX,; PUBLISHED DAILY AND TRI-WEEKLY. THF, GLEANER, EVERY WEDNESDAY MORNING. BY JULIAN A. SELBY. CITY PRINTER. TERMS-IN A1) VA NC E. SUBSCRIPTION. Dailv Paper, six mouths.?4 ?0 Tri-Weeklv, " " . 2 50 Weekly, * " " . 1 50. AD VEUT IS EM KN TS Inserts! ai 75 cents per square for the first insertion, and 50 cents for each subsequent. Weekly 75 cents each insertion. Xi- A liberal discount made on the abor'' rates when advertisements are inserted by tine month or year. It. murk? of Hon. K. S. Kcitt, Delix ired in the House of Representa? tives of South Carolina, on Wednes? day, December 19, on the foliote lng preamble and resolulio?is, introduced by himself: "Whereas, the changed condition of oar country, produced by the late ?war, is so great as to require corres? ponding changes in the organic law, before the entire system of Govern? ment can be worked in harmony; and whereas, the people of South Caro? lina are anxious that amicable rela? tions should be restored, as early as possible, between all parts of the Union, that peace, prosperity and happiness may return to the country, Resolved, That the General Assem? bly of the State of South Carolina respectfully applies for a convention of all the States composing the United States of America, (two-thirds of all the States concurring,) to be con? vened as early as possible, iu accord? ance with the lifth article of the Con? stitution, to fairly and fully discuss and propose such amendments to the Constitution ?is thc condition ol' thc ; country imperatively requires. Resolved, That Iiis Excellency the Governor be, and he is hereby, re? quested to transmit a certified copy of the foregoing preamble and resolu? tions to his Excellency Hi." President of tho United Slates, with tho request that the same be transmitted by him to Congress; and also to transmit cer tified copies of Hie sann; to the Go? vernors composing the several States of thc United States ol' America. MK. SPEAKER: I rise for the pur? pose, of speaking to tin; resolutions which I have the honor to present for tin; consideration ?ind action of this lionne. When the ship is out upon the vast and the unknown seas, the heavens arc lowering with clouds of deep, heavy blackness, tho thun? ders are rolling, and the lightnings are-rendiug thc skies, and the terrible storm is sweeping, in ils wild and maddening fury, over the vast bosom of the mighty ocean, stirring up her profoundest depths, and the waves rolling high and dashing wildly over the thick of the ship, consternation and terror pervades all aboard; out the mariner, unawed, stands calm, linn and erect, at the bow of his ship; he draws his horoscope, takes his latitude and departure, and brings all Siife into the haven of repose. For five years past, the noble old ship of Carolina has been weathering one of the wildest and most terrific gales that has e\er swept over land or sea. The maddening storm that has faged around her, and the wild waves that have dashed over her deck, have swept away all of her rigging. The storm has lulled, the tempest has been appeased, but tho waves are still roiling high, ?md mighty breakers are ahead of us. Thc President of the Uuited States has assumed command of the noble old ship, and it is for you-her crew-to say whrther you will heed his commands, or whether you will let your ship drift wherever the winds ?iud waves may bear her. As for myself, my determination has long since been made. When the armies of the South were surrendered; when I wits called upon by my com? manding officer to lay down my arms; when 1 turned my back upon General Sherman's vast army, in North Caro? lina, I told my brave comrades-in arms, who hud been through the dark perils of the fearful contest, that there was but one thing now left to us-we. had Imf to go to our homes, go to work, and restore our country to law and order, and, if possible, to bring her back to peace, prosperity and happiness. This is my present determination, and I shall spare no effort to accomplish it. It is true, that- some of the great and grand principles which have heretofore di? rected and controlled this gn at Go? vernment under which wt? live, have been jostled from their track-way, and have, gout; dow:, forever in the fearful contest; ?rut the President of the United States has given us his word-l e has pledged it to the whole country-?lie has made this sacred and solemn pledge before the civil ivied world-that it is his unfaltering ! and undying d?termination to restore, I the Republic, ns nour as possible, to 1 her ancient simplicity and purity. In this, ho shall have my ungrudging und most cordial support. ' When t his grand and terri lie revo? lution, from which wo uro just emerg? ing, was inaugurated, I was not in political life; but when my State passed her ordinance of secession and called upon her sons to rally be? neath her lint,' and defend her, we went forth and did all we could to prevent the present awful condition of things. We fought not to destroy the North; we fought not to perpetu? ate slavery; wo fought for self-govern? ment; we fought for the indepen? dence and separate nationality of the South; we fought for Southern genius, Southern civilization and Southern society. These wero the high and noble sentiments which moved the grand masses of my countrymen, and which made them irresistible upou so many hard-fought and well contested fields. That wu have failed in the heroic effort, is no argument that our cause was unjust and that we were wrong. When the Government of the United States was founded and organized by tho adoption and ratification of the Constitution which unites and binds together the differ? ent States of the Union. South Caro? lina voluntarily acceded to that in? strument. What, I ask, was the great end and aim of the patriots of the Revolution and the fathers of the republic, as set forth in the preamble to the Constitution, when they found? ed and organized the Government.' Was it not to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure do? mestic tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the gene? ral welfare, and secure the ble ssings of liberty to ourselves and our pos? terity? As long a.s the Government was administered upon these high and holy principles, I proclaim and maintain that-no State upon tho broad continent of America did mon; for the honor, the glory and undying fame of the republic, than did South Carolina. There is nota page of her history in which the names of her sons aro not intimately interwoved for their splendid deeds and noble examples, either in the State or Fede? ral councils, or upon tho dark and bloody fields of battle. It was not until 1SC0, when thc Government was about to pass out of the hands of those' who had administered her with equity and justice, into the hands of those who had sworn eternal, bitter and undying hate to the South, w ho had openly proclaimed that the Con? stitution of our fathers was "a cove? nant with hell," that South Carolina, believing her .rights in the Union were insecure, convoked her sons and passed her ordinance of seces? sion. What. I ask, was the ordinance of secession? It was an expression, on the part of the people of the State, of their wish and desire to peaceably withdraw, if possible, from the Federal Union, but, if needs be, their determination to do it at the point of the bayonet and the edge of the sworl. When South Carolina took this position, she did no more than she had been taught by the ablest statesmen of the republic from its foundation, and what she believed she had an inherent right to do; that, as she had voluntarily acceded to the Government, when the great end and aim for which the Government was founded had failed, she had an inhe? rent right voluntarily to secede. I have said that our failure to establish our independence and separate na? tionality is no argument that our cause was unjust and that we were wrong. If the noble spirits who put South Carolina in the attitude of se? cession are traitors; if the heroic and gallant dead and living who ral? lied beneath the old Palmetto Hag, to defend that position, are traitors; if Mr. thivis, who is now languishing in prison, who commanded the armies rind navy of the South, from whoso uoble lips not a murmur has yet broken, is a traitor to the Constitu? tion and laws of his country, why, I ask, has he been denied a trial for nearly two years? Is it possible that this great Government, with her million of soldiers and her great generals, with her judges and her courts, is unable to bring to trial one singh; individual? No. Why Mien, I ask, h is he been denied a trial? Let history answer tho question. They know he is no traitor; they know he stands upon the imperish? able foundation of right, truth and justice-yes, upon the fundamental, organic, constitutional law of the re? public, and they cannot convict him. There is no more potential argument of the justice of the cause which wc espoused, and that we were right, than the failure on the part of tin Government to "ming to a fair and impartial trial him who headed the armies and navy of tho South. But, Mr. Speaker, tho war ha; ended. The contest has 1 Med Under our theory of tb- A ument I we were out of the Union. Wc were ! vanquished, subjugated and subject to the terms of the conquerors. The President of the United Stales-the highest civil and military officer known to tho laws of the Republic, a statesman worthy of the enlighten? ed age in which we live-imposed the terms. We have carried them out in good faith, and to the letter. By his orders, the State Government of South Carolina was revived, ami is now in full operation. I am here to? day by that authority.' He says South Carolina is a State, and that she is now in the Union. I know no higher authority. Can the brave, the gene? rous and manly of the North go be? hind the record of the Chief Magis? trate of their own choice? No. Under the opposite theory of our Govern? ment, and against which weheroically fought for five long years, viz: that a State cannot secede from the Union, South Carolina is now a State, and she is now in tho Union, because she could not get out of it. Hence, under each and both ,of these theo? ries. South Carolina is a State, and she is now in the Union. Such being the case, I would have her bear her? self as becomes a State in the Union. I admit, Mr. Speaker, that great changes have occurred in the country during tho lato war, which necessi? tates corresponding changes in the organic law, and I am prepared to make such changes as will ameliorate the condition of the country and ad? vance the civilization of the ago in which we live. The question which naturally arises here for solution is, how are these changes to be made and met, if we would preserve tho principles of the republic? The Constitution points out but two modes by which it can be done. The one is by Congress, when two-thirds of both Houses deem it necessary, proposing amendments which must be adopted and ratified by the Legislatures of three-fourths of the States, or by conventions in three-fourths thereof, before they can become a part of the organic; law. The other is by a. convention of all tho States, convoked by Congress u?ion the application of the Legisla? tures ot* two-thirds of the States pro? posing amendments, which must travel through the same process of ratification. An important question presents itself just here, viz: Is tin Congress, as now composed, the Con? gress contemplated by the. Constitu? tion, and competent to proposo amendments io that instrument: Luring the war, the Congress, ai: now composed, was competent tc enact such laws as were necessary tc preservo and carry on the Govern? ment, because the eleven Southern States were absent by their own voli? tion, and there is no provision in tin Constitution to compel their attend? ance. Thc cuEJ new, however, ii very different. The Southern State.1 are clamorous lu be admitted to theil seats in Congress. The Constitutioi: knows no Congress as competent tc propose amendments, except il is composed of members from all ol the States. The present Congress i; not composed of members from all o: the States; therefore it is not eompe tent to propose amendments. Hence, my propositions to amend the Cou stitution emanating from that body :is now composed, are illegal, because void of the sanction of Coustitutiona law, and you cannot receive and cn bertain them without a subversion o: the principles of the republic, aud ? diango in her form of Government Another equally important questiot presents itself at this point, viz: .Cai we, from present appearances, r'ea jonably expect such a change in tin lomposition of Congress as to rende: that body competent, in accordance with the provisions of the Constitu ?iou, to propose amendments to tba instrument? What is the presen condition and position of tiling-? Wi ive under a great complex system o 3-overnment, Democratic and Repub ican in its form, and divided int? three great ' Departments-Legisbi ;ivo. Executive and Judicial. Tb Legislative and the Executive are th two departments most intimately am lireetly coouected with the solutioi jf the question before us. I shall therefore, define only their positions Fhe Executive Department has plant jd itself upon the Constitution which it has sworn to preserve, jin tect and defend, and it canuot recede Tho Legislative Department ha taken its position in antagonism wit the Executive, and, having been sm taincd in it by a majority of th Northern people, will not recedt These two departments of the Gc vernment have, for the past twelv months, beni gettiug wider an wider apart each day, the Legislativ [ill tho time encroaching upon an iibsorbing the powers of the oth( two departments of the Governmen We cannot, therefore, reasonably e: peet such a change in the eompositio nf tho present Congress as to rend? that body competent, in accordant I with tho provisions of the Constitu j tion, to propose amendments to that, I instrument. But for all practical I purposes, the Congress, ns now com I posed, is competent to exercise such functions as ure needful to preserve the Government-baviug been recog? nized as sueli by the Executive and Judicial Departments of the Gv>vern I mont. The only mode now left to us by which to propose amendments to I the Constitution, and about which no question of constitutionality eau bc raised, is a convention of all of the States. This can only be had by the application of the Legislatures of two thirds of all of the States to Congress for the convocation of such a body. Thc resolutions which I have the honor to present for tho considera? tion of thc House, embodies that ap? plication from this State, and I in? voke their passage, if you would make an efi'orL to save the principles of the republic. Should you adopt them, you have all to gain and no-* thing to lose. As matters now stand, we have no hearing, while all of the great principles upon which the Go? vernment is to bo projected, and worked, arc being settled and es? tablished. If the resolutions arc adopted, and the great end and aim contemplated by them attained, you will have a hearing, where all of the I great questions that are now convuls j ing the country and threatening the j overthrow of the Government can be fairly, fully, freely and thoroughly discussed and settled, I hope, forever. 1 Should such a body be convoked, and you find yourselves in a hopeless minority, you will be in no worse condition than you are now. Every proposition to amend the Constitu? tion will have to go back to the States, and be adopted and ratified by the Legislatures of three-fourths of the States, or by conventions in three-fourths thereof, before they can become a part of the organic; law. The North has made its proposition, which has come to us in thc form of proposals to amend the Constitution. In addition to its severit}-, it ema? nates from a source of, at least, doubt? ful constitutionality, and we cannot accept it. Let this be our proposi? tion. Jt is a fair one, and is in con? formity with the Constitution, and I trust will be kindly received. Should you adopt the resolutions, ami fail to attain the great end and aim contem? plated by them, you will have the satisfaction, in futuro, to know that you made the last great effort to save, the republic, and you will receive the "well done" of the good, the generous and brave everywhere. Should we fail, however, lo attain thu great end aud aim contemplated by the resolutions, then, to me, the future of the American people is dark and gloomy in tho extreme. It has taken all of the past to make up the present. He who would under? stand thc present and judge of the future must know well the past. Kingdoms, governments, dynasties and empires have- risen upon the earth, and they have passed away forever. Talk to me not of the civil? ization of the nineteenth century, lu the midst of civilization we are in the midst of barbarism. A people an age-proceeds from barbarism to civilization, from civilization to re? finement, from refinement to corrup? tion, then back again to barbarism, night, tyranny, despotism and op? pression. I stand to-day amid the ruins of vandalism. We are not half so civilized as were either the an? cient Greeks or Romans; yet Greece, with all of her civilization and refine? ment, has almost passed from the map of the world. The Roman Em? pire, that once covered, with tin; wings of her eagle, almost the entire contineut of Europe, convulsed aud shaken by revolutions, has boen scat? tered to the winds. In thc vast aud mighty changes through which we are passing, I invoke you to trust not ia men, trust not to their influences, for men and their influences change and perish and pass away forever. Trust principle alone, for tiiat alone survives the shock of revolutions and time. Toe human mimi and human passions are the same to-day that they ever have been, and they will continue tho same to the "last syllable of re? corded time." They are the same to? day that they were when tin; great Carthageniau generals wrestled in mortal and deadly combat upon the ensanguined plains of Apulia with the soldiers of thc; Roman Republic for the mastery of empire; they are the same to-day that they were when Caesar met Pompey upon tin; dark and bloody field of Pharsalia; they are tue same to-day that tiley were when Lord Chatham, in the Euglish Parlia? ment, curbed the haughty spirit of un oppressive Government; they aro the sunn; to-day that they were when Mi? rabeau, scattering abroad the. thun? ders of his tribunitial eloquence, staggered for a moment the French Revolution; they aro the same to-day that they were wh?n Napoleon, thc Great, pointing to the Pyramids, groy with forty ccu taries, kindled an I enthusiasm, before which numbers were as not liing, and banded Europe sank down in disastrous defeat before his proud and victorious columns, aud he dictated terms to every Go? vernment upon the broad continent of Europe, from their own proud and boasted capitals. Trust, then, not to men; trust not to their influences; trust alone; to principle. Rarely, in the history of the wv rid, has a people ever passed through a revolution so grand and terrille as that from which wc are just emerging; but it was soon followed by another, which was more awful and disastrous in its results. Trace back thc long trackway of the mighty past, and survey those vast fields upon which the human mind ami human passions have displayed themselves for thousands of years. Go to Enrojie, that splendid theatre, upon which the arts, sciences, litera? ture and human society have attained their highest forms of perfection, and imbibe lessons of wisdom and learning as they have been evolved by the experience of those who have gone before us. How fared it with that beautiful country when the vast hordes from the great North poured down like a mighty flood, deluging all the land? On rolled the revolu? tionary tide, until they watered their horses in the Tiber, and stabled them in tho palaces of kings and rioted in the festive halls of emperor and consul. Nor was their lust for pelf and power even satiated then. On rolled thc revolutionary wave, until they had confiscated every acre of land throughout Southern Europe, and divided it out among their of? ficers, soldiers and followers, and upon those awful and terrific ruins arose the feudal system. Such has been the history of Southern Europe. Has this been true alone of that beautiful country? No. Cross tin1 English Channel, and go to England proud old England-whose; flag floats beneath every sky: whose drums beat all around tin; world; upon whose do? minions tile .sun ceases not to shine; whose commerce covers every sea, and whose proud licet ploughs the dark blue waves over every ocean. How fared it with this noble old kingdom in times long since gone by? Siie li s been four different times subjugated. Her laws, manners, customs and institutions have all been subverted and changed; thc last time, by the proud Norman con? queror, who invaded her soil with a vast army, and fought a great pitch? d battle just outside of London. Thc English army was defeated; they laid down their arms just as you did alter the surrender of Lee and Johnson, md went to their respective homes, md resumed their usnal avocations. The proud conqueror entered their imperial capital, with his ban nert [lying triumphantly; he took posses don of the country, and dotted it with his garrisons, and swore, upon the altar of his God, to preserve in? violate the Constitution and laws ol the kingdom. The nobility, from jvery part of the realm, crowded it! iud swore allegiance to him. How were these sacred and solemn pledge? ?opt? Sis months had scarcely pass id by before the proud conqueror re tired t<> his native Normandy, leav? ing England in command of jfficors. They bore down upo;, tin people-the result was a second rovo ution. The nows had scarcely cross ed the English channel, and brokei ipon the ears of the proud conqueror ^re he returned to England and raise? ?mother vast army, with which In rolled over her like thc waves of oh ocean. He crushed and annihilate*; jvery obstacle; he confiscated tin iuds of England, and divided then mt among his officers, soldiers am 'ollowers, and inaugurated ami es ablished there, too, the feudal sys em which he formed in Souther! Europe and Franc*'. Such has bcei the history of our kind in times lori j -ince gone; by. The New World i raveling around the same great eire! iver which the Old traveled cent? ?es ago. The same causes will, nude ike eire;: instances, produce si mila : fleets. Give me t?it; sanie premises md I will make the same deductions Let us prout by the example and e-xpc ?ience of those who "have gone befor is; let us, if possible*, save the republic et us preservo those great principle that have come ito wu te> us throng he gathering of almost a century cemented, baptized ami establishe >y the blood of a brave, heroic an llustrious ancestry, after seve n lon tears of sufferings, privations, eh "eats and victories. With these re narks, I leave the question in th seeping e>f the; House-, relying, wit in unshaken confidence in the Prov lenee of God, that they will solve .visely._ Sugar-cured Hams K kBS- FINE SUGAR-CUBE ;),UUU HAMS, fe>r sale at 15 '-cuts p. jound by A. L. SOLOMON, Second door from tho Shive r House, Dec 21 On Plain street. SPECIAL NOTICES. SWEET OPOPONAX KIIOM MEXICO! New, very rare, rich and fashionable perfume. The finest evi r imported or manufactured io United States. Try it and be convinced. A NEW I'EEEI-ME: Called Sweet Opopon ax from Mexico, manufactured by JCT. Smith A Co., New York, is making a sensation win ri ver it is known. Is very delicate, and its fragrance remains on the handker? chief for days.-PhilatTa Keening Bulletin. SWEET OPOPONAX! New Perfume from Mexico. The only fashionable Perfumo ami ladies' delight. SWEET OPOPONAX! The only elegant Per? fume. Is found on all toilets, and never stains the handkerchief. SWEET OPOPONAX! ls tho sweetest Ex tract ever made. Supersedes all others. Try it once; will use no other. SWEET OPOPONAX! Ladies, in their morn? ing cabs, carry joy and gladness, when perfumed with Sweet Opoponax. AltTI PICIAIi EY ES.'-Al IT i FIO I AL HUMAN EYES made to order and inserted by Drs. F. BAUCH and P. GOTJGELMANN, (formerly employed by Boissonncau, Paris,) No. .100 broadway. New York. Oct 17 ly COLGATE'S HONEY SOAP. This celebrated Toilet Soap, m such universal demand, is made from tho choicest materials, ii mild and emol? lient in its nature, fragrantly scented, and extremely beneficial in it? action upon thc skin. For sale by all Druggists and Fancy Goods Dealers. March 28 Iv BA TC HE I,0 R'S HAIR. DYE-This splendid Hair Dyo is thc host in tito world. Tho only true and perfect J)ye- harmless, reliable, instantaneous. No disappoint? ment. No ridiculous tints. Natural black or brown. Remedios thw iii effects of bad dyes. Invigorates the hair, leaving it soft and beautiful. The genuine is signed Wil? liam, A. Batchelor. Ail others are mere imitations, and should be avoidt d. Sold by ail dru^ists and perfumers. Factory SI barclay street, New York, ir?r Beware of a eonntprMt. 1 icc 11 ty THE GREAT M KIMI AI. AS 31 ITAL_ Hosteler's United States Almanac f >r 1SG7, for distribution, gratis, throughout tho United States .m l all civilized coun? tries of the Western Hemisphere, will bo published about the first of January; and all who wish to understand the true philo? sophy of hi alth should read, and pondor the valuable suggestions it contains. In addition to an admirable medical treatise on the causes, prevention and carn of a great variety of diseases, it embraces a large amount of information int- resting to the merchant, thc mechanic, the miner, the f irmer, the planter and professional man; and tho calculations have hoe:; ?nado for such meridians and latitudes a.T aro most suitable for a correct and comprehen? sive national calendar. Tho natnrc,-uses and extraordinary eani tary . ffecta of HOSTETTEhVS STOMACH BI?TEBS, the staple tonic and alterative of r.ore than half tito Christian v.o.-i 1, are fahy set forth in its pages, which a: o also interspersed with valuable recipes, humor? ous anecdotes and other instructivo anti amusing reading matter, original and selected. Among the annuals to apt?ar with the opening of tho year, I?I?T. will bo .me. e.* tho most useful, ar.d in-y bo had for the asking. Send for copies to tho Central Manufactory, N'" Pitts!.uri,'. Pa., cr t> the nearest ngcnt for lloatetter's Sto? mach Bitters. Tho bitters are said in ?very city, tonn and village of the United States. Dec CO IG TO B.EHT, Tl:IP long-established and well-known J_ K-YAJtli of Ii. P. .', .1. S Green, lear Columbia. FOT particulars, apply lo JOMN S. G BEEN, Dec 2y \1 Columbia. S. C. Columbia Male Academy ! Classical and Mathematical School. HUGH S. THOMPSON, instructor in M ithem'cs, French and bn;;lish branches. P.ICHAltD FOB?), A. M., Lnstrncrorin tho Latin anil Gre?, k ( 'lassies ?nd ling. Dr'ches. #THE dnt torey f 1SG7 will pared f<>r aif'tnipsion into any mercantile lifo. Terms for the four months 'or the Clasnica, French ?nd English Brat i h.->, $25; Tor the English branch. rt ;U. Mr. Ford is prepared to receive BOA KD ?.(;,s Dec 23 TO'hrntn?h?n6* COLUMBIA MALE SCHOOL ! At the School-house ci' Palmetto Lodge Ko. 5, J. 0. ?. F. sig*. THE exercice* of this School ^^jPj^^ -11-1' o'-;'ai'!'t:ts of s? inly are >ri.-ui>; tin: clements of a good . nui.sh -.Inc .tion. 2d J'lir Merca utile, cum pre? tending Book-keeping and nil collateral .ranche*, il. Thc tJUissic>W. . m bracing tte course of study requireti for admission uto College or tho University of .South Ja retina. As the number of scholars admitted into Ins school is always limited, tito in-trec iou ni all these depart mci tte will ho norong, ami pupil? will receive ad tho tttentioYt necessary to enable them to pur? ims their studie.- wit o interest and success. Thc rate of tuition per cession of five nonths is $-20, one half payabloat thc c.uso if each half session. F. V7. PAl'E, Principal. Dec 30 mt nth ml*