Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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op?ration of stich grants, ami thus to exclude the inception of a subsequent adverse right. A breach of the con? ditions which Congress may deem proper to impose, should work a for? feiture of claim to tlie lands so with? drawn, but unconveyed, and of title to the lands conveyed, which remain unsold. Operations on the several lines of the Pacific Railroad have been prosecuted with unexampled vigor and success. Should no unfore? seen causes of delay occur, it is confi? dently anticipated that this great thoroughfare will be completed be? fore the expiration of the period de? signated by Congress. During the last fiscal year, the amount paid to pensioners, including tho expenses of disbursement, was $13,45?,996, and 50,177 names were added to tho pcrfsion rolls. The en? tire number of pensioners, June 30, 1866, was 126,722. This fuct fur? nishes melancholy and r triking proof of the sacrifices made to vindicate the constitutional authority of the Federal Government, and to main? tain" inviolate the integrity of the Union. They impose upon us cor? responding obligations. It is esti? mated that $33,000,000 will be re? quired to meet the exigencies of this branch ci tho service, during the next fiscal j-ear. Treaties have been concluded with the Indians who, enticed to armed opposition to our Government, at the outbreak of the rebellion, have un? conditionally submitted to our au? thority, and manifested au earnest desire for a renewal of friendly rela? tions. During the year ending September 80, 1866, 8,716 patents for useful in? ventions and designs were issued, and, at that date, the balance in the Treasurv to the credit of the patent fund was $228,297.. As a subject upon which depends an immense amount of the produc? tion and commerce of the country, I recommend to Congress such legisla? tion as may be necestary for the pre? servation of the levees of the Missis? sippi River. It is a matter of national importance that early steps should be taken, not only to add to thc efficiency of these barriers against destructive inundations, but for the removal of all obstructions to the free and safe navigation of that great channel of trade and commerce. The District of Columbia, under existing laws, is not entitled to that representation in the national coun? cils which, from our earliest history, has been uniformly accorded to each Territory established, from time to time, within our limits. It maintains peculiar relations to Congress, to whom the Constitution has granted the power of exercising exclusive legislation over the seat of Go? vernment. Our fellow-citi/ens re? siding in the District, whose inte? rests aro thus confided to thc special guardianship of Congress, exceed in number the population of several Territories, and no just rea? son is perceived why a delegate oi their choice should not be admitted to a seat in the House of Represen? tatives. No mode seems so appropri? ate and effectual of enabling them tc make known their peculiar conditior. and wants, and of securing the loca legislation adapted to them. I there fore recommend the passage of a lav authorizing the electors of the Dis trict of Columbia to choose a dele gate, to be allowed the same right' and privileges as a delegate represent ing a Territory. The increasing en terpriso and rapid progress of im provement in the District are highb gratifying, and I trust that the effort: of the municipal authorities to pro mote the prosperity of the Nationa Metropolis will receive tho effieien and generous co-operation of Con gress. TheJ report of the Commissioue of Agriculture reviews the operation of his department during the pas year, and asks tho aid of Congress i: its efforts to encourage those State which, scourged by war, are noi earnestly engaged iu tho re-orgauizi tion of domestic industry. It is a subject of congratulate that no foreign combinations again! our domestic peace and safety, or on legitimate influence among the ni tions, have been formed or attemp ed, while sentiments of reconciiii tion, loyalty and patriotism, ha\ increased at home. Amore just cor sideration of our national characte and rights has been manifested b foreign nations. The entire succe: of the Atlantic telegraph between tl coast of Ireland and the Piovince < Newfoundland is an achievemei which has been justly celebrated c both hemispheres as the openii of au era in the progress of civiliz tion. There is reason to expect th equal success will attend., and ev< greater results follow, the enterpri for connecting the two confiner through the Pacific Ocean bv^the pr jected line of telegraph between Kai schatka and tho Russian possessn in America. Tho resolution of Congress pi testing against pardons for forei; Governments of persons convict of infamous offences, on condition emigration to our country, has be communicated to the States wi which we maintain intercourse, a the practice so justly the subject complaint on our part has not be renewed. The congratulations of Congress the Emperor of Russia, upon his cape from attempted assassinate have been presented to that humf and enlightened ruler, and recen by him with expressions of grateful appreciation. Tho Executive, warned' of an at? tempt by Spanish American adven? turers to induce tho emigration of freedmen of the United States to a foreign country, protested against the project as one which, if consummated, would reduce them te a bondage even more oppressive than that from which they ha e just been relieved. As? surance ias been received from the Government* of the State in which the plan was matured that the pro? ceeding will meet neither its encou? ragement nor approval. It is a ques? tion worthy of your consideration whether our laws upon this subject, aro adequate to thc prevention or punishment of the crime thus medi? tated. In thc month of April last, as Con? gress is aware, a friendly arrangement was made between the "Emperor of France and the President of the United States for thc withdrawal from Mexico of the French expedi? tionary forces. This withdrawal was to be effected in three detachments the first of which, it.was understood, would leave Mexico in November, now past; the second in March next, and the third in November, 18G7. Immediately upon the completion of the evacuation, the French Govern? ment was to assume the same attitude of non-intervention in regard to Mexico as is held by the Government of the United States. Repeated as? surances have been given by the Em? peror since that agreement that he would complete thc promised evacua? tion within the period mentioned or sooner. It was reasonably expected that the proceedings thus contem? plated would produce a crisis of great political interest in the Republic of Mexico. The newly appointed Mi? nister of the United States, Mr. Campbell, was therefore sent forward, on the Oth day of November last, to assume his proper functions as Mi? nister Plenipotentiary of the United States to that Republic. It was also thought expedient that he should be attended in the vicinity of Mexico by the Lieutenant-General of the army of the United States, with the view of obtaining such informa? tion as might he important to deter? mine thc course to be pursued by the United States in re-establishing and maintaining necessary and proper in? tercourse with the Republic of Mexi? co. Deeply interested in the course of liberty and humanity, it seemed an obvious duty on our part to exercise whatever influence we possessed for the restoration and permauent estab? lishment in that country of a domes? tic and Republican form of Govern? ment. Such was the condition ol affairs in regard to Mexico when, on the 22d of November last, official in? formation was received from Paris that the Emperor of France had some time before decided not to withdraw a detachment of his forces in the month of November past, according to engagement, but that this decision was made with the purpose of with? drawing the whole of these forces in the ensuing spring. Of this deter? mination, however, the United States had not received any notice or inti? mation, and so soon as the informa? tion was received by thc Govern ment, care was taken to make kuowr. its dissent to the Emperor of France. I cannot forego tho hope that France will re-consider the subject, and adopt somo resolution in regare: to the evacution of Mexico, whicl: will conform, as nearly as practicable, with tho existing engagement, ant thus meet the just expectations of tin United States. The papers relating to the subject will be laid before you. It is believed that with tho evac?a tion of Mexico by the expeditionary forces, no subject for serious differ enees between France and thc Unitec States would remain. The expr?s sions of the Emperor and the people of France warrant a hope that the tra ditionary friendship between the twe countries might, in that case, b< renewed and permanently restored A claim of a citizen of thc Unitec States for indemnity for spoliation: committed on the high seas by tin French authorities, in the exercise o a belligerent power against Mexico has beeu met by thc Government o Franco with a proposition to defe settlement until a mutual conventio; for the adjustment of all claims o citizens and subjects of both couu tries, ai'ising out of the recent war on this continent, shall be agree? upon by the two countries. Th suggestion is not deemed unreason able, but it belongs to Congress t direct the manner ifi which claim for indemnity by foreigners, as we] as by citizens of the United States arising ont of the late civil war, sha' be adjusted and determined. I hav no doubt that the subject of all sue claims will engage your attention u a convenient and proper time. It is a matter of regret that n considerable advanco has been mad towards an adjustment of tho diffei enees between the United States an Great Britain, arising out of th depredations trpon our national con moree, and other trespasses, commi ted, during our civil war, by Bri tis subjects, in violation of internation: law and treaty obligations. Thc d lay, however, may be believed I have resulted in no small degrc from the domestic situation of Grej Britain. An entire change of mini try occurred in that country durit the last session of Parliament. Tl attention of the new ministers w: called to the subject at an early da; and there is some reason to expe that it will now bo considered in becoming and friendly spirit. The importance of an carly disposition of 'the question cannot bo exaggerated. Whatever might be tito -wishes of tho two Governments, it is manifest that good will and friendship between the two countries cannot bo established until a reciprocity in the practico of good faith and neutrality shall be restored betwocn the respectivo na? tions. On tho Otb of June last, in violation of our neutrality laws, a military expedition aud enterprise against the British North American colonies was projected and attempted to be carried on within the territory and jurisdiction of tho United States. In obedience to tho obligation im? posed upon tho Executive by thc Constitution, to seo that tho laws aro faithfully executed, all citizens were warned by proclamation against tak? ing part in or aiding such unlawful proceedings, aud thc proper civil, mil? itary and naval officers were directed to take all necessary measures for thc enforcement of the laws. The expe? dition failed; but it has not been without its painful consequences. Some of our citizens who, it was al? leged, were engaged in the expedi? tion, were captured, aud have been brought to trial as for capital offence, j in the Province of Canada. Judg I ment and sentence of death have been pronounced against some, while others nave been acquitted. Fully believing in tho maxim of Govern? ment, that severity of civil punish? ment for misguided person's, who have engaged in revolutionary at? tempts, which have disastrously failed, is unsound and unwise, such representations1 have been made tc the British Government in behalf of the convicted persons, as being sus? tained by an enlightened and humane judgment, will, it is to be hoped, in? duce in their eases an exercise ol clemency, and a judicious amnesty tc all who wore engaged in thc mov ? mont. Counsel has been employee by tho Government to defend citi zens of the United States on trial foi capital offences in Canada; and a dis continuance of the prosecutions which were instituted in the court: of the Unitod States, against. those who took part in the expedition ha: been directed. I have regarded th< expedition as not only political in it: nature, but as, also, in a great meas ure, foreign from the United Statt? in its causes, character and objects The attempt was understood to bi made in sympathy with an insurgen party in Ireland, and by striking a a British Province on this continent was designed to'aid in obtaining re dress for political grievances, which it was assumed, the people of Irelam had suffered at the hand? of the Bri tish Government, duringa period e several centuries. The perso.:., er gaged in it were chiefly native of that country, some of whor had, while others had not, becom cit?7.ens of the United States I Under our general laws of naturalize tion complaints ol' misgovernmerj \ in Ireland, continually engage th ? attention ol' the British nation, an so great an agitation is now prevai j ing in Ireland, that the British Gm eminent have deemed it necessary t ! suspend the writ of huheas corpus i I that country. These circumstance 1 must necessarily modify the opinio which we might otherwise ha* entertained in regard to an exped tion expressly prohibited by 01 neutrality laws. So long as tho: laws romain upon our statute bool they should be faithfully ex cuted; and if they operate harsh! unjustly or oppressively, Congie alone can apply- the remedy, by the modification or repeal. The political aud commercial int I rests of the United States is not u: j likely to be affected in some degn by events which ure transpiring I the Eastern regions of Europe, ar the timo seems to have come win I our Government ought to have a pi? per diplomatic representation Greece. This Government has claimed f all persons not convicted, or accuse or suspected, of crime, an absolu political right of self-expatriatio and a choice of new national all giance. Most of the European Stat have dissented from this princip and have claimed a right to hold su of their subjects as have immigr?t to and been naturalized in the Unit States, and afterwards returned transient visits to their native con trie!*, to the performance of milita service in liko manner as residt subjects. Complaints"! arising frc the claim in this respect made foreign States have heretofore bc matters of controversy between t United States and some of tho I ropean powers, and the irritati consequent upon the failure to set this question increased during 1 war in which Prussia, Italy a Austria were recently engagi While Great Britain has never kuowledgod thc right of expatriate she has not practically insisted up it. France has been equally forbe ing, and Prussia has proposed a co promise, which, although evinci increased liberality, has not been cepted by the United States. Pei is now prevailing everywhere Europe, and the present seems to a favorable time for an assertion Congress of tho principle so lc maintained by the Executive Depi mont-that naturalization by < State fully exempts the native bi subject of any other Stato from I performance of military service un j any foreign Government, so long I he does not voluntarily renounce j rights and benefits in the perfoj ? ance of a duty imposed upou him by the Constitution. I have thus submitted to the repre? sentatives of tho States and of the people such information of our domestic aud foreign affairs as the public interests seem to re? quire. Our Government is now undergoing its most trying ordeal; and my earnest prayer is that thc peril may be successfully and finally passed, without impairing its original strength and symmetry. The interests of tho nation are best to l*e promoted by the revival of fraternal relations, the complete obliteration of our past differences, and rho re-inau? guration of all thc pursuits of peace. Directing our efforts to tho early ac? complishment of these great ends, let us endeavor to preserve harmony be? tween tho co-ordinate departments of the Government, that each in its pro? per sphere may cordially co-operate with the other in securing the main? tenance of the Constitution, tho pre? servation of the Union and the per? petuity of our free institutions. ANDREW JOHNSON. WASHINGTON, December 3, 1866. COLUMBIA. Tuesday Morning, December 4,1866. Moderate Counsels. The New York Times, of Saturday, has a long article giving advice to Congress, based upon the late Secre? tary Harlan's letter, from which we make the following extracts : "It can be no longer alleged that there ia any issue with the President to bc debated and decided. The country has heard both sides, bal? anced the arguments pro and con in? telligently, reviewed the relative bear? ings of both, and lias decided in favor of Congress, its position and policy, by majorities that do not ad? mit of mistake. As against tho Pre sident, therefore, Congress is no) required to renew its struggle. The people have settled the dispute in a manner which the President cannot misunderstand, and which should fully satisfy the ambition of Congress.' It is now master of the situation, and can alford to be dignified and mag? nanimous. So also in regard to thc restoration question. For a brie! time, at any rate, it may be consider? ed out of tho arena. Congress has presented its conditions, the peoph controlling thc Government have af firmed the reasonableness, ihc jus tico and the necessity of these condi tions, and Congress is meanwhile bound to adhere to them as the basis of reconciliation with the South The refusal of the South to accep' them may by-and-bye necessitate ; reconsideration of the whole subject but that stage, come when it may should be approached tempera tel; and prudently. Meanwhile the dut; is to wait. The moral power of Con gross will be strengthened by waitinj quietly, indulging in no vindictive denunciation, and gathering patient ly the material that will be essen tia to the construction of another policy The time to consider what shall b done in relation to the amendmen will not come until the entire Soutl has been heard from. Then, an not till then. Congress may useful! say how and by whom tho probier shall be solved." What is the other policy, for whic materials are to be gathered, th limes refrains from explaining or e> pounding. What the Southern State will do with unanimity, cannot now b doubted; but what punishment await them for so doing, has not yet bee explicitly stated, except by some fut? ons threats from Forney, Brownlov Butler and others of that stamp. A the South can do is to bide her tin: patiently, and there may be h oj that her firmness and unshaken ae herence to principle may yet modil tho tone and temper of the people i the North, so that they will comp the moro radical of tho radicals 1 abandon their oppressive policy. THE WORKINGMEN* [OP ENGLAND. It has been announced that tl workingmen of London and its neig borhood, were making preparation to hold a monster reform meeting i London on tho 3d instant. Tl entire working populations of Lo don, and tho towns and villages f thirty miles around it, intended observe the day as a holiday, ai pour into the capital to make th demonstration one of the most ir posing in point of numbers that En land has for a long time witnesse In England, tho workingmen have i share in thc choice of their rulei and to get their right of voting, tb have organized the great refor. meetings, of which we have had i tclligcnce from time to time at of which this one in London, w l>robably be the most numerously ? tended. Mr: Mills House Purcell and sever other gentlemen have purchased tract of latid, a short distance fro Charleston, and will arrange a n< and complete raco course-a Jerome Park. Tho President's Mcssuge. We lay before- our readers, this morning, this interesting and highly important document, read beforo tho Congress of the United States, yes? terday afternoon, and which although very lengthy, will [bo generally pe? rused. The President, it will bo seen, maintains his previously expressed opinions. I TI?c ltel>ellloti in Irrlunil. It is evident, from the exceedingly scanty news concerning the state of affairs in Ireland, which reaches us by the cable, that wc may not expect much intelligence through that chan? nel as to the progress of the Fenian limul iecllon. -ll Liiere nus uuun ... rising anywhere in Ireland, as indi? cated in thc special despatch to the New York Herald, published a few days ago, tho precise location of the movement and thc extent of it must have been known in London. The fierceness of the English papersproves that a formidable insurrection was going on, and yet in the despatches there is not a word to intimate where thc rising took place, nor under what circumstances. We are simply informed that more troops were tc go to Belfast, and that a battalion of the Horse Guards have been or? dered to Ireland. Every Englishman and Irishman knows that when thc Guards leave London, the emergency which demands their presence is ol the gravest character. It looks as i: the British Government, which hold.' both ends of the cable, will give m just as little news as possible, am that not <jf a character to creab any excitement or sympathy for tin Fenians. .\cgro Suffrage. The Louisville Courier says then are a variety of reasons why negrc suffrage should not be tolerated, cspe -bially iu.the Southern States, th< most potent of which are drawn fron the statistics of population. By th census of 1860, it appears that th proportionate population of white and blacks isas follows: Louisiana-whites, 337450;blacks 350,373. There are forty-eight enim ties in the State?, in thirty-two c which the blacks have a majority. Arkansas has fifty-five counties, i eightof which the blacks arc in th majority. Florida has 77,747 whites, an 62,078 blacks. She has thirty-si Counties, in seven of which the blue! are in the majority. South Carolina has 291.300 whit? and 412,320) blacks. She has thirl Districts, in twenty of which tb blacks are in the majority. Mississippi bas 353.899 whites an 435,031 blacks. She has sixty Cou. tie?, in twenty of which the blacl are in the majority. Alabama has 526.271 whites af 437,770 blacks. She has fifty-tw Counties, in twenty of which tl blacks are in the majority. With the right of suffrage, the n groes would bo the rulers of lar< districts of the most fertile portioi of the Southern States, and be ab to elect a large portion of the mei hers of Congress. And yet Northei demagogues insist that the Sou should accept this degrading ai humiliating condition, and talk soi ously of forcing it upon her. Shou she accept this dishonoring and d: gusting proposal, her further degi dation would be impossible, for s would have touched the bottom disgrace. MK. DAVIS.-Tho editor of t Richmond Enquirer has lately e joyed tho pleasure of a visit to t President Davis at Fortress Monro It will bo gratifying to the generov minded everywhere, and especia to the people of the South, to informed that his health has great improved under the humane tre; ment latterly accorded him. '. those who have been familiar wi his appearance, there would seem be about such a change as five yei of ordinary wear might be expect to produce. His spirits arr cheerf and ia all respects he is what thc who have admired him most wot j hope to find him. The New York Herald comes c strongly in favor of the plan it bitterly denounced when it was p mulgated by Sumner and Steve: viz: the plan of subjecting them represented States to the condition Territories. WHOM;.ALE PROSECUTION.-At i recent session of the United Sta Circuit Court, held at Parkersbu: West Virginia, tho grand jury ma more than two thousand presentme against the Baltimore and Ohio Ri road Company, for violating I revenue laws in failing to sta: receipts for freight. Ltocal Itoru?? Tho Phoenix oftico is un Main street, a few doors above Taylor (or Camdon) street. John Stork, Esq., was, on yesterday, cleo*ed Alderman in Ward No. 2. Ai.y/.NACS.-Give Mr. Glass a call, and ho will supply you with anything in the abovo line. He has just favored us with three different kinds- Glass", Millers and tho Weekly Record Almanac. Take your choice. Om READING Roost.-Members of tho Legislature and the citizens generally, uro i invited to visit thc Phoenix reading room, where they will find on file papers and periodicals from every section of the Union. Tho building is open day and night. > To the skill of Messrs. Sonic anet Capers, of the Telegraph Office in (his city, are we indebted for the very correct and careful manner in which the message of the Pre? sident was received- tho longest telegram ev?r "taken" in tho Columbia office. These gentlemen are thorough telegraphists. WHO BURNED COLUMBIA?-This question will ljo asked fifty years hence. Then place tho only full and true account of its destruction in your libraries, so that your children and children's children will know the whole truth. It will be more interest? ing to them than atty romance. -~~-J^-s-j*^--^~~_ THE CHARITY FAIR.-This laudable en? terprise, which has hoon tito subject of animated discussion-among tho ladies, at least-will bc inaugurated this evening, in Janncy's Hall. Old and young, rich and poor, stout and thin, aro invited to lend their presence 'and spend their surplus cash-if there aro any so fortunato as to have tho latter. Drop in and take a look; you can certainly do that- thc admission fee is small. LEGAL.-Tho Court of Appeals, on yes? terday, announced its decisions, and those of the Court of Errors, on oases previously heard, as follows: H. M. Barry vs. M. leeman et al. Appeal dismissed. Opinion to be tiled hereafter. Horatio Kuhn, for another, vs. J. McD. Law. Withdrawn from Court of Errors and returned to Court of Appeals. W. E. Martin vs. Tho City Council of Charleston. Appeal dismissed, hy Inglis, J.. Tho cali of the Charleston docket was then resumed, and the following cases argued: Anton Menke ads. W. J. DeTreville. Mr. James Simons, jr., for motion. Mr. O'Con? nor contra. Charles L. Guilleaume vs. C. C. Miller. Mr. O'Connor for motion. Mr. McCrady contra. Mr. \V. D. Porter in reply. Chatios Frederick vs. Lewi-? Halberstadt et al. Written argument, of Mr. Edward McCrady, jr., for appellant, read bv Mr. C. " li. Miles. Tho following causes were stricken off : David Horton vs. W. M. O'Noall, A. S. Gibbes vs. A. C. Campbell et al., W." H. Hudson vs. Commissioners of itoads, Schwartz vs. Schwartz, Dailey rt al. vs. Walker, assignee. Thomas H. Willingham, trustee, vs. The College of Charleston, continued. SEW AnvEm ISI.MK.VTS.-Attention ia call? ed to thc following advertisements, which un- published this morning for the first time: A. li. Phillips-Furniture, Carpets, &c. Dennis McGuinnis-Lunch This Day. John C. Seegers A Co.-Liquors, &c. E. Dollar.1-Pipes, Hair Tordes, Ac. Lunch 'fir's Day at the Pollock House. Meeting True Brotherhood Dodge. ..Tiic Unarmed Iti-belllou." The New York Herald, of Monday, like its cotemporary and coadjutor "of Saturday, desires conciliatory action in Washington, when Congress meets, but both imply that some? thing dreadful will happen to the Southern States, if they reject the amendment. What can be in reserve for us : It is very likely that Ben. Butler and his fellow Jacobins, would be glad to drive Congress into some course of action calculated to disturb the peaco of the country. Out of the national turmoil they have already contrived to gather a golden harvest,.as some men manage to plunder during a confia- , gration. But the people have had enough of revolutionary* agitators, and Congress will show its apprecia? tion of tlie popular verdict rendered in tho recent elections, by frowning down all attempts to change tho issue before the people. The settled pur? pose of the North is that the peace won by our armies shall not again -be disturbed, either by the radical Jacobins of Congress or by tho com? bined forces of secession and copper headism. They have offered to the South the constitutional amendment as a basis of restoration and final settlement. When that^is rejected, they will expect their representatives at Washington to take the matter into their own hands and to crush out the unarmed rebellion'against the Union, by action asd ecisive and as prompt as that by which Grant and Sherman swept away the armed power of tin Confederacy. The Chicago lake tunnel was com? pleted on Saturday. The entire lines from both ends coincided within nino and a half inches, while the floors of each tunnel joiu with a difference of one inch. This triangular computa ' tiou is a great engineering feat. From recent experiments made hy the London Pneumatic Company, it appears that one hundred and twent* tons of goods can bo sent througl their eighteen miles of tubes even hour, ata cost of less than ono penny (two cents) per mile. Since last January, 45,043,398 quarts of milk have been sent to New York over tho Erie, the Harlem, and the Hudson Hiver Railroads.