Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

_;_.._- . ?"-',;? gi Thursday Morning, Jun? 21, I860. T?? stuy Uw. ip . " We have been, ou ono Or two occa? sions, asked what weie pur views oi? the late action or th? Court o? En-ors. pronouncing the stay, law unconsti? tutional.'v We do not know that our opinion is worth, anything, but, as we give it daily on a nu mber of subjects, at the " moderate Toe of "eight dollars per annum, "wo.do not see why we should withhold it on the questiou at issue. Our opinion is simply this: That the decision o?* the Court was right, and having, early iu our career as a jour? nalist, made the Constitution of- the United States our cliief article erf faith on most of the questions we might be ealled to discuss, we now refer to it on this point. In the first article, tenth clause, of that instru? ment, we find written and commanded by rta framers, that ""no "State shall pass any law impairing the obligation of oontracts." To our minds, this is simple, but . clear and emphatic language, and", as South Carolina adopted and ratified this Constitution, in less than one year after it had beeu adopted by the deputies of the people in Conventiou assembled, we cannot perceive how the Legisla1 ure of this or any other State has any right whatever to pass any law subversive of the above arti? cle. We, of South Carolina espe? cially, who have boonie deservedly . noted for our firm adherence to the provisions of this honored instru? ment, should be very chary of oven seeming to trench upon its wise ?md patriotic behests. " Bat beyond this positive prohibi? tion of the fundamental law of the land against any interference with private contracts, there are various considerations which should weigh with all our people. In the first place, the debtor of this State to auy creditor in another can be sued in the United States Court, and his f nl fiilment of the obligation enforced. The State law against the collection of debts would be not only disre? garded by that tribunal, but would be justly pronounced unconstitution? al. And a little reflection must con? vince any thinking mind, that a law which keeps the home creditor out of his dues, and leaves the door wide open for the foreign creditor, is not only contrary to tiie Constitution, but contrary io every ri'le of right and jus? tice between man and man. But again, it may be held, and probably is so held by many, that the stay law docs not impair the obliga? tions of contracts, inasmuch as the validity of the debt is kept intact, and that tho law merely prevents its collection for the time being. But another moment's reflection will bring to our minds many ways in which the creditor might lose his debt because of its existence. Death, misfortune, or the destruction of the property upon which tho debt was originally based, might forever bar the creditor from recovering that which was justly his. The argument that the enforce? ment of obligations, in the shape of debts, nt this time, would be cruel and oppressive, has nothing whatever to commend it. The fact that a North? erner, or any other creditor out of this State, can collect his dues, ever at the sacrifie? of property, strips il of any weight it might possibly have. And we hold that the creditor ha; rights as well as the debtor, wilie! are guaranteed by the ConstitutioT and laws. A merchant may lmv< several debtors whose aggregate in debtedness, we say, for the sake o illustration, reach $10,000, while h< owes the New York wholesale mer chant S>8,000. The former, undo the prohibition of the so-callei "stay law," cannot collect his money but this Northern niau can collet' his, even if he has to "break" hi debtor, or, in com mon parlance compel him to "shut np sfiop. " The injustice, of such a law i;, s manifest, that we will not fnrthe extend our remarks at present. W have no doubt but. the people < South Carolina will approve th action of their highest court Gov. PIOKENS. -The Augusta Cot slitutionalist learns from a relative < this distinguished gentleman, that th report of his illness is unfounded. Alaster Willie Pope, of Mobile, t he pianist to the Prince of Wales. " t*l?*' Rc |J ?m tfk*- AMWMV ."' lu the officiai report of Generals Steedt?oan and Fullerton- we obswv? that. uFnotioing'the nature af'?on? contracte made in this State, they gay thar the "frc^men^. ar* little .Better--^fl* tluui they were" while ?n ? slavery. " " Tlve.se commissioners, appointed by the President, have, in their re? ports th un far, shown t!iat they were worthy of the trust reposed in theo^ They have done their duty faithfully, and apparently without prejudice; they h ave exposed ?nd censured de-;. linqnWioies. and commended fidelity in the offices of tho bureau; bal we have a word of comment on the above remark. Tt would appear from it that .they consider the freed? men, oven in the case thej' censured, as batter off rt<>w than they were In*- J fore theil- condition was changed. Ii? this, wo think they'err, but, perhaps, unintentionally. They were not acquainted with the former sys? tem, and the condition of those peo? ple .nuder it. Had they been, we 1 think these frank and candid officers j would have- discovered that this people were, generally speaking", a j little "better oft'" before than they i are now. even in the best condition j Uley may have found them in any j locality. We mnst not be understood aa wish? ing to return to the old system. That has been abolished, irrevocably, and we do not regret it; but it is due to those who have been most affected by j the change, that they should be kindly looked after and properly cared for by those who have assumed such charge, and in this respect we art convinced the tour of these ollieers, commissioned by the President, will bo highly advantageous. The people of tlie South desire, above all things, in relation to the freed people, that they should be trained and educated to habits of industry and taught self reliance; and if this can be accom plished fully, there will be no . cause ; of regret for the change wrought in j their condition, for both races will ! be benefitted thereby. That Bill of Fare. Here is piquant sauce, served up by the Richmond Times, as an accom- j paniment to that magnificent bill of ? prison fare served up to Jefferson ! Davis, over which the Yankees brag : BO much: If the people < >f the North wish to establish a decent reputation for hu- j manity, they must make to Christen dom a more impressive exhibition than "a mutton chop, four onions and two boiled eggs a day." This, we respectfully submit, is a very small stock in trade Tor a great nation to open a humanitarian shop with. And yet it is very evident that the radi? cals are as proud of President Davis' "bill of fare" as if they had practiced I towards him the splendid hospitality i which the Black Prince did towards ! the captured King of France. Whenever the slightest r?f?rence is . made to Dr. Cooper's report and the | slow torture of the Head Turnkey at j Fortress Monroe, the "two eggs" and i the "four small onions" arc thrust under the nose of the public. With these somewhat stale and fragrant arguments they triumphantly refute all accusations of cruelty. "You ; manacled a distinguished state pri goner!" shouts indignant Christen- I dom. "We give him two eggs," re- j plies the complacent radical. "Yon | imprison him in a damp casemate," hisses the charitable public, "lint we give bim onions," squeaks the Head Turnkey. "Your surgeon re? ports that by disturbing Mr. Davis' sleep every two hours, you have re? duced him to tho condition of a man liayed alive,"' growls the London Tittie*. "That may be true," re? sponds Northern mercy, "bathe gets his muston chop regularly." Wc copy tho following advertise- j merits from a late New York paper? ! THE FEMALE FORM IMPROVED.-- I Dr. Achille Velpeaue's remedy. Mam- I maleon, the Breast and Bosom Re storer. Ladies of all ages can, by I their own application of the Restorer, renew their bosoms to the condition of their youth, while all young ladies whose development has not been thorough, can improve their forms by producing a fullness anti firm roundness, so typical of all natural beauty. Its emolient quality gives an exquisito softness to the skin, j while it vitalizes and stimulates the whole muscular action, increasing ! tho development and beautifying the i form. A DIVORCE LEGALLY OBTAINED IN Asy STATE-Without publicity or exposure. No fee charged until n divorce is granted. -.-.<# I Montgomery Moses, Collector, and I J. A. Norwood. Assessor, for Inter? nal Revenue in the First District of j this State, have resigned-not being j able to take the oath. ^ -." Prison L?fr of Mrc ?avl?. >ye subjoin another chapter from JJtr. CrfVenfl? volume: . ?S THB? TXUi'fcl'llX OF THE PJUSONEH. ^ Happening to notice that his coffee stood cold and apparency untasted beside his heil, in his tin cup, I re? marked that here was a contradiction in the assertion implied in the old army eiucation, "who ever saw cold coffee in a tin cup?" referring to the eagerness with which soldiers of all dosses, when campaigning, seek for and use this beverage. "I cannot drink it," ho remarked, "though fond of coUee all my life. It is the poorest article of the sort I have ever tasted' and if your Go? vernment pays for such stuff as corleo, the purchasing quartermaster must be getting rich?. It surprises me, too, for I thought your soldiers must nave the best- many of my generals com? plaining of the rTiffienlties they en? countered in seeking to prevent? our people from making voluntary truces with your soldiers, whenever tho line? run near each other, for the purpose of exchanging the tobacco we luid in abundance against your cotice and sugar." Told hin) to spend as little time in beti as he could; that exercise was the liest medicine for dyspeptic patients. To this he answered by uncovering the blankets from his feet and show? ing me his shackled ankles. "It is impossible for me, doctor; I cannot even stand erect. These shackles are very heavy; 1 know not. with the chain, how many pounds. If 1 try to move, they trip me, and have already abraded hroad patches, of skin from the parts they touch; Can you devise no means to pad oruushiou them, so that, when I try to drag them along, they may nO>t chale me so intolerably? My limbs have sn little rlesh on them, and that so weak, as to be easily lacerated." At sight of this, I turned away, promising to see what could be done, as exercise was the chief medical ne? cessity in his case; and, at this mo meut, tlie first thrill of sympathy fot my patient was experienced. That afternoon, at au interview sought with Major-General Miles, nu opinion was given, that the physical condition of State-prisoner Davis re quired the removal of his shackles, until such time as his health ^Loulil be established on some firmer basis. Exercise he absolutely needed, and. also, some alleviation of his abnor? mal nervous excitement. No drug; could aid a digestion naturally weak, and so impaired, without exercise nor could anything in the phar maco poin quiet nerves so overwrought am shattered, while the continuation o the irritation of the fetters was conn terpoising whatever medicines migh be given. "You believe, it, then, a medica necessity?" queried General Miles. "I do, most earnestly." "Then 1 will give the matter aiton tion;" and at this point, for tho pre sent, the affair ended. May 2t">.-Called with tho officer o the day, Capt. Janies B. King, nt p. m. Found Mr. Davis in bed complaining of intense debility, bu could not point to any part?cula: complaint. The pain in his head hu< left him last night, but had beei brought back this forenoon, and ag gravated by the noise of mechanic employed in taking down thewoodei doors between his cell and the exte rior guard-room, and replacing thes with iron gratings, so that he could at all times, be seen by the sentrie in the outside room, as well as by th two "silent friends," who were th unspeaking companions of his soli tilde. Noticed that the prisoner's (linne lay untouched on its tin plate nea his bed-side, his meals being brough in by a silent soldier, who placet food on his table and then withdrew Had remarked before that he scarce! touched the food served to him, hi appetite being feeble at best, and hi digestion out of order. Quitting him, I called on Gen Miles, and recommended that I b allowed t<> place the prisoner o a diet corresponding with Iiis conti tion, which required light and nutr tious food. Consent was immediate! giveu, and 1 had prepared and sei over from my quarters some tea an toast for his evening meal. (.ailing about 7 p. m., found M Davis greatly improved, the tea fin toast having give n him, he said, nc lifo. Though he had not coniplnine of the fare, ho was very thankful f< the change. He then commenced talking, an let nie here say that I encourage.! hi I in this, believing conversation an I some human sympathy the best m dicines that could be given to ono i his state-on the subject of the we tber. How has tho weather been roiif or fair? in this huge case-mate, ai unable to crawl to tho embrasure. 1 i could not tell whether thc weath i was rough or smooth, nor how ll j wind was blowing. "AU my family are nt sea. you a I aware, on their way to Savanna and 1 know tho dangers of goii ! down the coast at this seaso'i of t j year too well to bo without inten I alarm. My wife and four ohildre ; with oilier relatives, are on board t ? Clyde, and these propellers r< i dreadfully and are poor sea-boats I rough weather." He then explained with great ciel ness of detail, and evidently bavii studied the subject, why the dang? of going down the coast in rouj weather were so much greater th coming. Nor'ji. Going down, ships had to hug the shore-often running . dangerously near the treacherous horrors ot.',C?pe Hatteras; while ia running North they stood ont frein land to catch the favoring galt streajn, to avoid which they had to run in shore as close as they could when steering South. He appeared intensely nnxious on this subject, recurring to it frequent? ly and speculating on tho probable j position of the Clyde at this time. ! "Should she be lost," he remarked, "it will be 'all my pretty chickens and their dum at one fell swoop.' It will be the obliteration of nay name and house." "Mrs. Davis, too," bu continued, "has much to contend with. Her i sister has boen very ill, and her two I nurses left her while here, and she ; could procure no others. My only I consolation is that son..* of my pa j roled people ari- on board, and t soldiers make excellent nurses. I Soldier? are fond of children. Per ' haps the roughness of their eampdife , makes the contrasted playfulness of infancy so pheasant. Charles of t Sweden, Frederick the Great and j Napoleon were illustrations of this I peculiarity. The Duke of Welling ! ton is thc only eminent commander . of whom no trait of thc sort is re? corded." Talking of propellers, and how I badly they rolled in rough sea, I j spoke of one called the Burnside, for l merly stationed at Port Royal, of j which the .common remark was, that 1 in every three rolls she went clean ( r6nnd. "Once," 1 added, "when lier cap? tain was asked what was her draught of water, he replied that he did not I know to an inch the height of t|er smoke-stack, but that it. was from thjj top of that to lier keel." This, and other anecdotes, amused; the patient for some quarter of an hour; and whatever could give his mind a moment's repose was in the lin?' of his cure. As I was leaving, lie asked had 1 been able to do nettling to p-id or \ cushion his shackles? He could take I no exercise, or but the feeblest, and with groat, pain, while they wore on. To tiiis. I gave au evasive answer, not knowing what might be the ac? tion of (ieneral Miles, and feaiin^ to excite fals<> hopes. No such half-way I measures ?us padding Mould suffice to meet the necessities of his case; while their adoption, or suggestion, might defer the broader remedy that was needed. On leaving, he requested nie in the morning to note how the wind blew, and the prospects of the weather, before paying him my visit. Until he heard ol' his family's arrival in Savannah, he could know no peace. I'll?- Kvll ol' Ililli FrclghtM. We extract the following from the Augusta C/enutiele und Sentinel, o' Tuesday. As we think, ere long. Co? lumbi;: will have a deep interest in tho transportation of Western pro? ducts to this market, we subjoin tin editor's remarks: We arr-informed that produce cai: be shipped from Cincinnati and St. Louis to this place, by way of Balti? more and Savannah, at a cheaper rat* than by tho direct line of railroad. Trade will take thai direction almost entirely, this fall, we are- reliably in formed, if the rates of freights by th? railroad lines West of us are not ma terialli/ reduced. We cannot see how produce cat be transported by rail a distance o 000 miles, from Cincinnati to Haiti more, shipped by water thence l< Savannah, and then reshipped by rai 132 miles, to this place, as cheaply a: it mi'/ltt be bv rail direct from (.'in cinnati ria Nashville and Atlanta, t distance of about KIMI miles. from St. Louis to Baltimore, th< distance is over 1,1(10 mile?, to thi; city it is '.?i7 miles. Yet our inform ant says produce eau be landed her? from St. Louis via Baltimore and Sa vannah, cheaper than by the shor direct line via Mound City, Corintl and Chattanooga. We call the atton tion of those controlling our Weston Railroad connection, to these state merits, and would earnestly imprca upon them the importance of ai early and decided change in thei freight turill'. Not only should th freights b<- reduced, but arrange ments sin mid bc made at once ti bring t orn, wheat. Hour, bacon, with out breaking bulk on the transit. The interest of the inland cities o the State, absolutely require that tb prie.- of freights from tho Wes should be greatly reduced. lt i quite as important to the railroa companies themselves, that a sein dale of charges be adopted wine will canse a diversion of the immens traille now seekingan outlet at Bal ti 1 n. oe. to their own shorter and mor direct routes. ! ... . I UK ( tOVEIdMKNT VS I? I'f.N'IVSS ; letter from New fork says: " I'here can I-.- no Impropriety i statin'/' thal the Government Washington is using ?ts influent*,- ,, behalf of the I'eniaa prisonois i the hands of the Canadians, ?m with a gratifying prospect of suc?es A correspondence has already passe I between the Governor-General au ; tho State Department on the subjec but further particulars at present a uot l'or publient ion. The friends uv. relatives of the prisoners, howevo may make themselves easy. The: 1 will be no ca]?ital punishment, wha ever other fate may !>.. in reserve f? i them. A J ?M Prbokc. Tho Richmond Times has tho fol? lowing: ? g Both th? living and thc ?ead he- ? roe? of the late Confederate army j seem to excite tho- fire of remorseless j rndicaHfim. ' If an ex-Confederate general is made president of an ex? press company or railroad, or mayor of H town, or cashier of a bank, straightway ' the malicious whelps howl about if. It is a source of hit? ter regret to them that any brave man in the South is permitted to make his bread. They would, perhaps, rejoice if, starving and naked; we should all die in a very short time. They would probably smile with grim satisfaction if the cholera should, during the pre? sent summer, finish those of us whom thc war has spared. IT the rinderpest got muong our few remaining cattle, and the trichinae into our hogs, and finally into ns, how intensely they would enjoy all these calamities and misfortunes. They would have "no miserable sinners" free from none ol those awful visitations against which all good Episcopalians continually pray, in the beautiful forms and ser? vices of their church. One would think that mere liaU and malice would end, and thatdeatb and tim grave would receive SOUK respect and consideration for the dnst and ashes of dopartcd worth ant valor. But no; tney do not want u: to pnt flowers upon the graves of oui dead kindred! We are not able, ii our poverty and suffering, to perpe tuate with costly monuments tin memories of those we so dearly loved and beoattse we show that we still re member them by these floral decora tions, there are not wanting base am malignant spirits to clamor about it One, iu a late paper, says that "th Souther" people had better enrphv their time and money in relieving th stiffenings of their poor." How lik tlie remarks of Judas, who. when th woman poured the box of alabaste ointment on the Saviour, was guilt of similar expressions of hypQcriticf economy! Anil they deserve the sam auswer and rebuke which the for traitor received at the hands of hi Lord. Plowers cost ns nothing in th South, and there is no widow c orphan in our laud who begrudge the labor or time spent iu honorin the memories of their lovett ones. ! we had the means, we wonk! not sto with flowers; we would placea pi like that of Bunker Hill over tl grave of every heno who fought an bled tor us-no less cherished beca-ru he fought and died in vain. By wi? right do these venomous hypocrib talk to as about "time and cxpensi and our .'suffering poor," while tl widows and orphans of their ow Federal soldiers have been dying hnngei and cold within sight of th? costly cemeteries? Why they ga' twenty thousand dollars to a youl woman for merely collecting tl names of Federal soldiers buried Andcrsonville. How many hung widows und orphans would this sn have fed? Light In tl?o Kail. The remarks of Mr. Dawes, Massachusetts, yesterday, upou t qnestion of admitting Southern rt resentatives, have made a pro fou impression in the House. It is powerful voice from New England favor of the right, and the only rif way to arrive ut a complete resto tion of the Union, lt has bi known privately during this Nessi ot Congress that many Republic! entertained the opinion that the e dentiuls of the Southern represen rives should have been referred re; lally to the Standing Committee Elections, und that their reference the anomalous star-chamber cone* was a gross outrage upon the coi try and Congress. As Chairman the Committee on Elections in Thirty-seventh Congress, Mr. Dai placed himself unmistakably nj the ree? ?rd in favor of the ndmiss of loyal representatives from Southern States, whenever a g< number of loyal men there had opportunity to vote in the Congi sional elections. His reiteration this opinion just at this time, wi the star-chamber committee has e eluded its work, is regarded as pe liarly significant. This cabal, or nated by Mr. Stevens as a mean obstruction to the complete rest* tion of the Union, not only mu the people of the country and do neered over the Republican pa but managed to bridle tho tongue honest Republican members of C gross by repeated promises to ] duce some practical measure of construction that should be pre able to the President's plan. Dawes, among the rest, snbinitte this deceitful imposition. The s chamber committee hos made its 1 report. Its promises are shown t all a cheat and delusion. The that, under these circumstances. Chairman of the House Comm: on Fleet ions manfully conies fon and condemns the whole proceed and declares that the right co was and ?s to send the credential Southern representat ives to the r lar Committee on Elections, is evidence that the power of tho potism is broken, ?iud that even England Republicans begin to t it is time to speak out in favor oi right. Xiitiowtl Intelligencer, KV/ . . . - - ??????- .. - All tho local elections in Sont Illinois show Democratic gait from 5u to UM) per cent, over the vote Local It? ;Hi? ExcoBeucy GOT. Orr ?u ri ved in I Irin city Mat night. ' - ? .v.*. *r> ' - . ? r - ^? NLW BOOKS.- Messrs. Townsend A Kor th have rute i ved a new n np pi y of booka, in? cluding "Bill Arp." Tl?e attention of passengers for the North i? invited to the notices of th? Kupet??e?n dents of fhe-North Carolina Contrai ?nd Richmond and Danville Railroads, in un other column. Aa both trains DOHMA, passengers have a choice of rt ?res. . 1*ROVOST OOTHT.-The Court met vealer' Aay morning, tye 10 o'clock, and several capes were di tu ?oued of- among them following: The United States TS. Oreen K. Williams ami R. ?i. William*. Assault and battery ou a freedman. Thomas Burley, a freed? man, was seen on the plantation of Mr. Williarn?, some days ugo, ai d was accosted by young William.-?, who desired to know his business; thc answer not being satis? factory, the trespasser was ordered off, but refused to go; af tor some word??, "the freed? man struck young William* with a switch, when a fight ensued. Mr. Williaus, senior, came up, and stopped it. The freedman cante out of it pretty well usod-up. Tiwi Court found thc defendants not guiUy. Thc United States m. Laura t?oow. freediooman.-The defendant was hidicted for an assault and battery on the person of Mr*. Hendrix, of Lexington District, nome tlays ago. She waa found guilty, and sentenced to twenty days' imprisonment. The Court adjourned until this morning at Ul o'clock. NKW .VI>VKBTISI?SIK>TS. --Attention is call? ed to the following advertisements, which are published this morning for the first tune: T. P. A H. H. Greneker A Card. Tho?. Dodamead- ?Through Route North Townsend A North-New Books. A. Palmer Cooking Stoves, Ranges, Ac. Johu Stork-Philadelphia Lager Beer. 1). B. DeSaussure - Comniie'rs Notice. TOection for Clerk of the Market. -- ^ - The French In Mexico. The Washington correspondent of the Baltimore <Stm writes: As Europe is undoubtedly on the eve of general war, the end of which no one eau foresee, Congress is be? coming very warlike. The war spirit is so high, that the party leader of the House has now taken upon him? self its direction. It would be folly for Congress to assert the Monroe doctrine, without giving it a practical definition and application. It is pro? posed to begin by sending Ju tirez the modest sum of twenty millions, where? with to fight the forces of Maximilian. But if the fight lags, and Max will not budge at the order of the Com? mittee on Reconstruction, we must furnish 50,000 volunteers to recon? quer Mexico from the hands of the Mexicans, who persist in maintaining the Government of Maximilian as the only one under which they have, since the time of Iturbide, enjoyed a partial tranquility. That the move? ment by Mr. Stevens is popular, there can be no doubt. To give Louis Na? poleon a slight rebuke in this form for his interference in Mexico-which we reserve for our own field of opera? tions-will also l>e hailed with popu? lar applause, if we judge by the ex? pressions of some of the radical Se? nators, in the late debate on the sub? ject of the French Exposition. The French troops will not be em? barked upon their return until No? vember, and the timely movement proposed will cause a revocation of the order for the withdrawal, so that tho Stevens-Wade influence will in? volve us in a war with Mexico, and with France also, before the end of the next session of Congress. Sena? tor Wade alleges that, if the French troops be withdrawn, French officers will remain in command of the army of Maximilian. This is probably true. The army of the Imperial Govern? ment consists of 40,000 Mexican sol? diers, who are drilled and command? ed by skillful French and German officers, and now form a sufficient force, without further aid from Frunce or Austria, fer the mainte? nance of the Government. THE LABOR QUESTION.-The follow? ing, taken from a German paper, owes its origin to the radical newspa- . pers of this country, whoso object ia to prevent foreign immigration to the South. We must bo compelled to sell our lands to Northern men, or leave them uncultivated. The programme is manifest. We must either sell out to those who hate us, or give employ? ment to negroes, however inefficient they may become: Everywhere in America and in Ger? many, the press endeavors to stop the infamous trading in poor Germans that is now going on in all the South? ern States. Whoever is no longer satisfied with our own beautiful and happy fatherland, where proportion? ally labor is as well remunerated ??JMLII America, may go to the free NolW, but never to a Southern State, and consequently not to Missouri, where the planters, embittered on account of tho negro emancipation laws, are waiting, with brandished whips, for the white laborer who is to cultivate their fields, and who, in living in the cabins abandoned by former slaves, will virtually become slaves them? selves, without any hope of redemp? tion, except by the redemption ot death, for there is no protection by tho tribunals where, in civil oases, the j u roi s are selected among slav* hoblers. The Provident has signed the bill making appropriations for river and harborjdefence and improvement0.