The daily phoenix. (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, April 10, 1866, Image 2

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^?wna?-? ?..?.?-???ir'Sv.i ?-TT ... ;. COLUMBIA. Tuesday Morning, April 10, 1866. Let 17? Stand by Our Friends. We believe with some of our ox changes, that beyond the wild im? pulses of fanaticism, the gratification and the desire of making political capital, by conferring political power on tho freedmen, they have still an? other object, and that is, so to disheart . en and disgust the influential classes at the South, that they will be driven to self-expatriation to escape the taunts, sneers and persecutions of the radical party. As we have frequently said in this journal, that following the example of .Lee, Hampton, Beauregard, and other of their leaders in the late war, the post of honor and duty for all true Southerners, is to stand by their country and devote their energies, their time and their earnest labor to the rebuilding of their shattered for? tunes, and bringing bnok their sec? tion, -which has been so sorely devas? tated by war, to its former greatness at?d prosperity. If this be the case, does it not become a further duty to our section nud country, tr, ?rive our hearty co-operation to those who are now engaged in the work of restoring peace and harmony between all sec? tions of the country. President Johnson is the leader in this great work. His policy adopted after mature deliberation, is that of a patriot and statesman. In adopting it, and carrying it out with so much firmness, he has made an irreparable breach between him and the destruc? tive faction which is now dominant j in the national legislature. His vetoes of the Freedmen's Bureau bill ?and the civil rights bill; his memora? ble speech on the 22d February, and, lastly, his proclamation restoring the Southern States to their former stajferis in the Union, have broughtXupon him-a fierce and factious wiir, unpar? alleled in the histpry.-?f party poli , tics in this orj?pybther country. HisJ^TState paper, restoring the of the South to their political rights and remanding them to thu protection of civil law, summons these to his aid in the fierce warfare now. teing waged against him. So long as we were in a state of political: probation, we thought it would be inappropriate for the people of those States to take any part in national politics; but now that ho hos done all that a President can do to restore these heretofore excluded States to their rightful position in tho Union, ho has removed the last obstacle to such co-operation as the peculiar con? dition of af?air.s at Washington do ruands. Already, as will be seen from a paragraph elsewhere in to-day's issue* a new "National Johnson Club" has been organized, tho vice-Presi? dent of which for this F?tate is Gov. James L. Orr, and it is to he hoped thnfc nn fxteusive organization of this kind throughout, every State in thc Union will bring to the side of the President and to the cause of restora? tion and peace all true and loyal men, with.mt distinction of party or party names. As has been well said by a cotem porary, "tho contest is between one branch of the Government, (tho Exe? cutive,) lighting to maintain the whole Government and each und all of its branches in their constitutional status; and another branch, (the legis? lative,) fighting to obliterate all dis? tinctions between the several branches and consolidate them into one." Tho contest will bo a stubborn one, for the radicals are stubborn and unscru? pulous, but we trust tin* "defender of the Constitution" will bo victorious. In such a content, we think it ia the duty of the people of tho South to rally to thc support of tho Consti? tution. In by-gone days, they were its finn adherents, and at this timo of its danger every sentiment of honor and du'y should draw them to its support, and every sentiment of gra? titude to tho aid of tho man who is battling for it and for their rights under it Reliable information has boon re? ceived lately from Richmond, to the effect that a movement is on foot to obtain ft writ of habeas corpus for tho relief of Jefferson Davis. The writ in question may issue either from the United States District Court, Judge Underwood presiding from a State Court. It is not li,1 > a(man of Vnderwood's well'' ^jUk would grant a writ fo' Military -vs. Civil Courts. Tho Supreme Court of the United States has just rendered t. decision of great importance affecting the admi? nistration of the law in future. It is especially important to the people of the South where "military commis? sions" are still in existence. The case | decided on is this : A military commission some time ago tried certain parties in Indiana for conspiracy, who were convicted and sentenced to death. Tito Presi? dent, however, interf red, and com? muted the sentence to imprisonment j for life, and they h ive been since that time confined in the Ohio Peniten? tiary. Their case having failed of i remedy before the courts below, was brought up on appeal to the Supreme Court. Tliat august tribunal has de? cided substantially that the inferior courts failed of their duty in denying the petitioners (the men confined in the penitentiary) tho right of the writ of habeas corpus, lt has furthermore j declared that th?* prisoners still in custody shall be discharged, and that the commission acted without juris? diction. This we regard as a very important decision, affecting, as it does, the civil rights of every citizen of the country. The Court has adjourned without j declaring on the constitutionality of j the so-called test oath. Thc Proclamation. Under the head of "A Grievous Wrong," the Nashville Union and J American speaks of the almost uni I formby evidence of erroneous copies of official documents sent by tele? graph. It says such was the case with the proclamation, received Jfday or two ago. It says thftt it lias re? ceived a revised copy hy mail, and adds : .'*?>Ve will simply remark that the proclamation includes Virginia, North I Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Ar? kansas, Florida, Tennessee and Texas. The proclamation of Juno 13th, 1865, had already relieved Tennessee in part, as previous proclamations had relieved Maryland and Missouri en? tirely. This completes the work." As the first telegraphic report left out South Carolina as well as Texas, the latter State may als*, have been left out in the second report of the document sent by telegraph to the New York papers, from which all tho Southern papers copied it. Tho same journal, in auother arti- J cle, says that all doubt as to tho meaning and effect of tho proclama * tion declaring the re-establishment of peace 1 ' is removed by a moro J careful reading of the corrected copy," and adds that "it means, so far as the Executive authority can accomplish it, restoration of tho Union of the States on the basis of equality and a revival of all the j rights, privileges and powers which I attach to States, or pertain to indi? viduals of States." We would have I been glad if our cotemporary had j published the revised copy, so that ? we might have seen wherein it dif ! fered from that so extensively pub ? lished. -?-??-? GENERAL CONFERENCE. - A despatch from New Orleans, dated the 4th in ! stant. says that the General Confer ! once of the Methopist Episcopal Church, South, bad been organized. Bishop Andrews presiding, Bishop Early assisting, and Dr. Summers as Secretary. A standing committee of one from each State was appointed. The city clergymen comprise the ? Committee on Public Worship. J Preaching has boon arranged for ; every night. A hundred delegates j were present, and another hundred are coining. It is a venerable body. A letter from Bishup Snub? advises that the name Southern be retained. This is the first- conference held in eight years. A newspaper in the in? terest of the conference is t<> be pub? lished. -ii THE POPE.-We find the following paragraph going tho rounds of the papers. We do not know whether tho facts are as stated, and merely give it for what it. may be worth: A few days ago it was reported that Pius IX had prophesied that he would have to leavo home this year, return next year, and die during the follow? ing year. A correspondent in Rome thinks the Pope quite capable of ! making and uttering such a forecast, j Ni? Pope has ever completed the twenty-third year of his Pontificate. If Pius IX should live till 186V, ho Would flo RD. The cotton crop \n Louisiana and Texas promises well. Cotton is freely , coming into New Orleans. _ ?- ? _ .J? Tike ?V'cgro Q,ue?t ion. Tile Bev. R. J. Breckenridge, 1). D., onenof the ablest ?nd most pro? found men ol the anti-slavery school, hus written n long letter in the Nor?i xoostern 'Presbyterian, from which we make thc subjoined extract. His po? sition is that all possible amelioration in favor of negroes most rest on the basia of a distinction of\ace and color : There hos been for some years a party in this country which was un? derstood to demand the absolute en? franchisement of the black race, and its political and social equality with thc white moe- among ourselves. I have pointed out the great mistake of supposing it was the teaching of this party which produced the national attempt to abolish slavery by an amendment of tho Constitution. The present endeavor on their part is to realize the equality originally de? manded for thc black race, by se? curing it as a condition of restoration in each of tho revolted States; in par? ticular, that the right of suffrage Rhall be given to tho liberated slaves by the President, as a preliminary in the reconstruction of society in th? subjugated States, and shall bo se? cured in the State Constitutions, as i condition, without which they sha! not be recognized as States or ad? mitted into the Union, it is to b< remembered that nothing of this sort i is contained in tho proposed amend ment to the Constitution. Not h itu like it is found in tho platform of th? party which elected Mr. Lincoln foi tho iirst time, or that which electee him the second time. Nothing in nivj Act of Congress. Nothing in any om of the numerous proclamations lateb issued by Mr. Johnson, for the ere at ion of Provisional Governments, an? the formation of Republican ( -onstitn tionsand Governments under then1 tho subjugated States. The powe assumed in the dermod, as existinj in the President, and which he wisel; refv.s?d to exercise, does not belon? to his office, nor to any ollice whatev er; nor to the Congress of the Unitei State?, unless these States be firs despotically reduced to mere territc rios; nor to the whole people of th United States, until they shall bo tiri considered competent to make fe themselves a despotism - and sha actually make it-iu which both th States and the existing form of th nation would be extinguished, und a suffrage become a farce. Tho po wt to make a local Constitution fora frc State-much moro the power teamen an existing Constitution in an cxistin free State-is by our system, and b the Federal Constitution, a power 1< cally sovereign-paramount and m controllable, except by the Constiti tion of tho United States. And it only under tho provisions and gua antees of that national Const kittie that a. citizen of one State hus tl rights that he possesses in alioth? State, nm! that the President can ii terfore, either in war or peace, wi I the common affairs, much less wit ! the reserved rights, and least of ; j with those great rights of every Shit j without which liberty is impossibl Tho claims 1 am controverting do, I effect, subvert both of our grui principles of double Governments ai popular sovereignty, without whit \ our whole system of freedom ai I greatness is futile and impossibl I Moreover, if tho power claimed li j longini to tho President, he con ! hardly perform an act more ruin ? to the emancipated slaves than to < . act it, as has been demanded of lui j nor one moro fatal to all hopes cordial union among the Amelie: ' people, or more destructive to ai j party that should sustain him ii? j Its political effects would bo incale i lable, both upon local und natioi ! parties, by tho sudden creation .-MM,OOO or 500,000 new voters ol ; different race, the great mass ' whom aro wholly unfit for such ? trust, and would bo certain to cons tute an element of vital and perpeti : disturbance, and to fall under the 1 I bitual direction of whatever pa: was most interested, most active, a most unscrupulous. When it is ci sidered that the slaveholders In everywhere controlled the non-sin holding white vote, many times nn numerous than their own, the noti that the local white vote cannot c< '. trol a black vote, over tho \vh South, not equal to itself in numbe j may turn out to be as futile as ; control of that vote by a non-resid party of extreme opinions would j disastrous. In white commnniti where the number of free persons j African descent is comparatively v ! small, and very superior to the n\ ! ago of their mee, it is not surprisi though it is far from general, t they should be invested with t great privilege, now demanded foi ; of them, everywhere. -Nor, il ? State sees fit of its own aeeor? offer this inducement to tho set . mont of the black race in its bod can anything be said against its h right to do so. That any Stat?1, ' to itself, will ever bestow suffrage ! a mass of slaves of a different rt : suddenly set free by a paramount thority, and nearly equal in num j to tho rest of its inhabitants, is event that will hardly be witnessei ! this world. That in any State wi ' slavery never existed, or where ?t long ceased to oxisj, n white n both cultivated and prcdomini i will over give suffragfe of 'its ow n ' cord to a black race resident willi equal to itself in number, and gre beneath it in civilization, is an OT contrary to the feu^ruuijudgm? mankind, and wholly improbable in itself. Nor, if tho relative position of the parties was exactly reversed, would the result be different; becauso the instincts of' mankind are more permanent by far than the caprices of enthusiasm, and wiser by far than the extreme conclusions of delusive theo? ries or of party spirit. Secured in ; the great gift of freedom, protected ! in the rights of person and the rights of property, 4,000,000 of slaves of a different race will have received-if God continues to smile on our endea? vors-au instalment of blessings in I finitely rich. Let the:.e blessings be enjoyed and approved, not wasted and risked in the agitation of de? mands which have no foundation in reason, in experience, * or in public .necessity, and which are attended I with many perils, and no hopi* of ?true success. There are, as I have said before, considerations founded upon the universal loyalty of this unfortunate race, and their uniform kindness to our people when in trouble and in? ger during the war, which, adde . to their helplessness, :ippe:d to the American people most powerfully in their behalf. And certainly there has been ur? shortcoming, on tho part of tin' people or tlie public au? thorities, in attempting all that seemed to promise them advantage. With how much wisdom and success in most instances, or with bow much to be deplored, condemned, or even punished in others, I shall not now inquire. The great dauger of this people is. that they will gradually waste away in the struggle they havi now to make in competition with th? stronger race for the means of ex istence; :i ituuger in the face o! which exorbitant and unprecedentec claim ; cu their behalf are as-meian choly , they are preposterous There are, however, alleviations o this dauger, possibly effectuai seen ri tics against it. The most obviou one is to scomv for them the sympa thy ami compassion of the stronge raer, especially in tin- region wher most of them dwell. Another i their proper education, not for a fu tile contest for equal participation with the white race in the nltimat sovereignty, but for securing th means of comfortable existence, an acquiring the habits, advantage an virtues of a free, well ordered an steadily advancing civilization. lt by any means, the whole black rae could be thinly distributed over tb United States, in the ratio of it whole aggregate to that of the whit race-that is, ' about one black t seven or eight whites -a third allev ation of the most threatening dill culties might be considered well s< cured, wherefore anything tendin in that direction is important. O the other .hand, if these two rac< could be separated territorially froi each other, and each be enabled t develo]) itself freely, without di turbanoo from the pressure oi* tl other, a solut ion the most beueficii of all would be obtained, lu tb light, as well as many others, tl American colonies of free blacks c the West coast of Africa deserve 1 be ranked among the highest cute prises of modern times. And I nu be allowed, on this occasion, to reit rate what 1 have taught so long that a powerful and civiliz* d Sta within tlr tropics bas been the <>i crying necessity of the human ra from the dawn of history; and th for ns, and for the black race, tl creation of such a State from ti American descendents of thal race the highest form in which thal gr?* necessity can be supplied. Ont these various suggestions, looking all directions, we may hopefully co elude that the difficulties of tin- ea will not l>e found to exceed its i sources, if we will address ourxob to whatever duties lie b"foiv its, wi candor, and patience, and v.i-d > and zeal, trusting in God. Tin? ol est living opponents of the terril system of hereditary slavery, ubi once prevail* il everywhere arnon/ u^, after their best hopes had bc often defeated, and Mle system slavery bad been apparently o<tt lished without present remedy o' so many States, have at last, from unexpected quarter, and in an um pected way. seen i'.s sudden and to overthrow, and now rejoice in 1 hope of its eai iy and complete le extinction. Confusion, disorder ti misery, mast not be the final res of this sublime retribution. Ext vagaucc, anarchy and violence, c not be the method by which its bb ings ure to be secured. ---? PAISTOJ Exuinrr. The Judge Probat., for Marshall County, A makes the following report, winch find in the Huntsville Indcpeml After premising that his examinai has been conducted w ?th : can be relied >m for nccuracy. bo ? tinnes: "Of tho helpless, indigent peo; without any means of support, eluding white and colored, there 2,180 persons women, children infirm men. Of persons who are ? to work, bul have no means to | chase supplies for carrying on farming operations, tin reare tami embracing about 2,000 persons, wi and black. ( M' thc residuo of population, not twenty have un more than adequate to their wa According to tho census lasttakei 1800, the population oi the Cou while and colored, was about 11J and a* this time is no! probably n than 0,500 persons. Thc Fenian? Afloat. The New York papers of Thursday bring startling rumors of two formi? dable expeditions of the Fenians, which sailed from that city on Tues? day night. We give the Daily Newt' account of the matter: The authorized statement from the OTMahony headquarters is to the ef? fect that B. Doran Killian, whilom Secretary of the Treasury F. B., Rtarted, on Monday evening, in com? pany with an expedition consisting of three steamers-two propellers and one side-wheel steamer of fast-sailing qualities unrivaled. The expedition was fitted out with 3,000 men, well officered, both officers aud men being mostly composed of veteran sailor?, who have fought during the late wai with the South. These? vessels art well-armed aud equipped, ono ol thom being a formidable iron-clad, carrying?two 100-pound Parrott guns one fore Htid one aft, ami four rifle? guns ?if the heaviest calibre amit fillips. Large quantities of ammuni rion and spare arms have been put Ol board, all intended to find their nlti mate destination in Ireland. The second part of the '"xpeditioi is composed of a couple of propellers capable of making eighteen miles pe hour under a full head of steam These vessels are also fully armed um equipped, and have on board a com piement <?f 2,730 men, besides tho? necessary to manage the vessels These men have all been selected fron tho skilled veterans of the late wa with the South, ami aro fully arme? and equipped for service in the field [The whole number aeeompanyin the expedition, exclusive of sailor? is. therefore, according to statement 5,730 Reporter.] These vessels are said to bo litte ont with u view to the severest navi combat, if rendered necessary by an emergency which, with the exercis of du?; caution, can possibly occur. both expeditions are in the ham of eminent Fenians, and are con mantled by experienced naval officer who have seen service duriug tl w ar, Captain Downing being in con mond of the second expedition, ar the whole three vessels are mannt with picked men. B. Doran Killii is invested with thc supervision both expeditious. It is also asserted at headqnarte that seven war-ships have loft tl coast of California, simultaneous with the above-named from an Ea! ern port -a given telegraphic sign having been agreed upon which wou prevent, the possibility of any failli of the Californian expedition to si upon receipt of the telegram that ; was ready in New York. These Ca foruian vessels are said to be mod? of the naval fortress, and are arm and e? [nipped in a manner vicing wi the armaments of the Eastern pt tiou of the expedition. Tho Calif? niau expedition takes out ill rou numbers 10,000men, fully armed a equipped fur service. Other expeditions have, it is stat upon competent authority, left se? ral Northern ports simultaneous wi the above- ..ill armed wit'i every i piement of naval and land servi? and commanded by men of abil and experience. The plan is understood to be seize Bermuda, and make it abase supplies, after which, with ns lit delay as possible, the whole oxpe tion will be put to sea, falling ur british commerce, and sweeping ? tish trade from the seas with the som of destruction, and enacting o again the careers of the Alabam the Shonandoahs and the Petrels the ( ?onfederacy. Other expeditious will follow at early a date as possible. These 1 will be designed to operate dire? upon the irish coast, whore, al givi n point, ?i landing will be effect - -. -+?*-?? ?MIOICATION THE STATES. number o? the emigrants from ? many, says the Paris correspond of tho London lierait?, arrived Havre to take ship for America, lately increased in nn extraordii degree. A Havre journal states1 there are not less than a thous emigrants now lodging in the qua of Ht. Francois alone, awaiting sols to take them out. Two t since, eighty persons left Havre England, in the hope of getting earlier. The same journal remarks that increase of emigration coincides a great extension of the connue relations between France timi Cnited States. Not less than twe five vessels ave shortly expecte Havre from New Orleans, one 1 Texas, and live from Mobile, oil li with cotton. A considerable quai of the same material is also h shipped f? ?. Havre from New ? along with other merchandize, short, the import trade at Havre not been so brisk for tiv? . years The emigration to North Am? says the correspondence of the don Times, dated March 12, is ? assuming greater proportions. I the end of May, 10.000 persons already engaged to Leave, via 1 burg ami Bremen. The t mig are marly all Northerners ami testants; whereas, ten years agc vast majority consisted of Soutl ms. many ot them Kornau Cathi -?-??-?- - By order of the Mayo, of the ol New York, the Mags on the p buildings were hung out, on tli instant, in honor of the declsT i J tieace by the I'residea^a^--. 1 Iiooal Items. Mortgages and Conveyances of Kcal Es? tate for ?ale at tbis office. Wc have boen requested to nt ate that Dr. 1>. P. Gregg (Surgeon Dentist) will be absent from the city for two weeks. TH* Bmurceo OF COLUMBIA.-AU inter? esting account ot the "Sack and iJrstrnc tion of the Citv of Colombia, s. C.," bas just boen issued, in pamphlet form, front the Phoenix steam power pret?H. Orders can be lilied to any extent. Our readers will bear tn mind tho musi? cal entertairunent, this evening, by Mrs. Murray and tho De neks. The programmn is an excellent one, and will no .doubt be the raeann nf inducing many persons to attend. Tho jury of inquest, cmpannelled on Saturday last, closed their labors yesterday afternoon, after hearing the evidence of many witnesses, and rendered a verdict, "That the said Matilda, a freed woman, came to her death, on the night nf the Gth hint., from the effects of a wound caused by a hall discharged from a pistol in the bands of s<>m? person unknown.'' BOOK AND JOB PR?STINO. -The Phoenix office is now fully supplied with cards, colored and white paper, colored ink, wood type, etc., and is now in condition to exe? cute all manner of hook and job printing in the shortest possible time. Give us a call. A HOME COMPANION*.-The proprietor of the Columbia Phoenix will, on the ISth in? stant, commence the regular publication of the Weekly Gleaner ?1 mammoth paper - containing forty-eight columns of reading matter, embracing tales, anec? dotes, poetry, editorials, correspondence, telegrams and new? matter generally. The Gleaner is published for the accom? modation of tho.se persons residing in re? mote sections, accessible hy mail only once a week, and at thc snr.:o tinte to provide an agreeable pasthhe for readors o? alf classes. The gist of the reading matter contained in the Daily and Tri- Weekly Pliwnix, will be published in its columns. Tlie paper is furnished to subscribers at ti per annum: $1 for three month-?. For? ward your subscriptions at once. NKW ADVERTISEMENTS. -Attention is call? ed to the following advertisements, w hich are published this morning for the first time: M. L. Kinard-New Goods. lt. M. Stokes-Plant* for Sale. Levin A Peixotto- Furniture, Ac. L. T. Levin-Mules. J. E. Adger ? Co. - -Carron Ware. E. Pollard-Fishing Tackle, Ac. A. S. Cloud -Charlotte Railroad Linc Mrs. J. P. Iteed-Millinery Goods. Grand Vocal and Inntrumetitiil Concert. Jame? G. Gibbes-Plantation to Rent. " " Guauo, Tobacco, Ac. X. J. Gibson-Cottage to lient. SOUTHERN RELIEF FAIR IN BALTI MOKK.-The great Southern Relief Fair, inaugurated und( r the auspices of the ladies of Maryland, for the re? lief of the destitute people of the South, was opened Monday night, at the hall of the Maryland Institute, in Baltimore. Thc doors were opened at 7 o'clock in thc evening, and in a very short time tho hall was tilled to its utmost capacity. In many cases tho crowd was so great that the ladies were unable to effect sales on account af the pressure, lt is estimated that nearly 8,000 persons were in the hall during th<? evening, while hundreds ?f persons were unable to get any? where near the ticket office, and were obliged to return homo. The indi? cations are that the fair will be a (lo? aded success. The Baltimore Commercial, of Tuesday, says: Not in a long while has Baltimore presented such an animated and at? tractive appearance as was witnessed yesterday, except upon some great holiday occasion, when the bulk of the entire population is abroad to en? joy ?1 respite from the monotony of every day life. The principal tho? roughfare and promenade-Baltimore itreet -was, throughout the day, one rast eal nival of beauty. Immense :brongs of ladies, many of whom had been confined within doors by the in dement weather of March, were inroad in spring attire, a garb that lover fails to enhance the charms of nature, no matter how lavishly the lat? er may have been bestowed. Quito i number of strangers, of both sexes, nany of them di-awn thither by the promising opening of the great South? ern relief fair, wera also to l>e seen ipon this streets, and this together with the bustle attendant, upon the preparations for this givat demon? stration, in which so many ladies IIHYH aken an active part, served to height >n the attractiveness of v jr scene, -? + ? ? DEATH OF 1>R. HENR-* B. FaoST. Dr. Henry R. Frost, one of our old ;st, most distinguished and useful jhysicians, and one of tb,.** founders >f the South Carolina Medical Col ege, died in this city, at his resi lence ou Broad street, after a brief llness, between 2 aud 3 o'clock Satur lay afternoon, aged seventy years and ?ix months. Dr. Frost was for many rears Dean of the FaoultV o* the South Carolina Medical OoSege, and remain od in it nu Professor up rojba ime of his death. A huge m ?f ?mr present most snccessfp' icians ?md druggists in th jfaw graduated ?under ?Afr o ni him receiv Wt'^rtov. Co